CN113306139B - 3D printing device and operation process thereof - Google Patents
3D printing device and operation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113306139B CN113306139B CN202110587871.8A CN202110587871A CN113306139B CN 113306139 B CN113306139 B CN 113306139B CN 202110587871 A CN202110587871 A CN 202110587871A CN 113306139 B CN113306139 B CN 113306139B
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- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 318
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003110 molding sand Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/35—Cleaning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
Abstract
A3D printing device and an operation process thereof belong to the technical field of additive manufacturing, and are used for solving the problem of difficult one-time molding of large-scale products, and comprise a first movement mechanism, a second movement mechanism, a third movement mechanism, a fourth movement mechanism, a fifth movement mechanism, a spreading mechanism and a printing mechanism; the spreading mechanism is arranged at the tail end of the fourth movement mechanism; the printing mechanism is arranged at the tail end of the fifth movement mechanism; the second movement mechanism and the third movement mechanism can move along a first movement direction, the fourth movement mechanism and the fifth movement mechanism can move along a second movement direction and a third movement direction, and the first movement direction, the second movement direction and the third movement direction form two triaxial movement directions which are perpendicular to each other. Meanwhile, through the arrangement of the first movement direction, partition spreading and partition printing are realized, and the problem that 3D printing is limited by a working space and large products cannot be molded at one time is broken through partition spreading and printing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional printing, in particular to equipment for additive manufacturing technology and an operation method thereof.
Background
The working principle of the additive manufacturing (3 DP) printing technology is that a layer of raw material is paved by a paving mechanism, and then a layer of product outline is printed by a printing mechanism, so that the printing mechanism is circularly and reciprocally overlapped layer by layer to form the printing of the whole product. The technology has the advantages that the one-time molding of the product with the complex structure can be realized, the size of the product which can be molded at one time at present is limited by the structure of printing equipment, the product with the larger size can not be molded at one time, or the product with the larger size can not be molded at one time on the premise of a certain cost and the same structural complexity of the printing equipment, namely the one-time molding of the product with the larger size is difficult, the one-time molding cost is high, the structure of the printing equipment for one-time molding is complex, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems that the 3D printing device with the above existing structure is difficult to print a product with a larger size in one step, the cost of one step is high, and the structure of one step forming device is complex, it is necessary to provide a 3D printing device and an operation method thereof, and the 3D printing device solves the problem of one step forming of a product with a larger size and a larger size by arranging a printing mechanism and a spreading mechanism in a triaxial motion system.
The 3D printing equipment comprises a first motion mechanism, a second motion mechanism, a third motion mechanism, a fourth motion mechanism, a fifth motion mechanism, a spreading mechanism and a printing mechanism, wherein the second motion mechanism and the third motion mechanism can move along a first motion direction, the fourth motion mechanism and the fifth motion mechanism can move along a second motion direction and a third motion direction, the first motion direction, the second motion direction and the third motion direction form two triaxial motion directions which are perpendicular to each other in pairs, namely, the first motion mechanism, the second motion mechanism and the fourth motion mechanism form a first triaxial motion system, and the first motion mechanism, the third motion mechanism and the fifth motion mechanism form a second triaxial motion system; the spreading mechanism is arranged at the tail end of the fourth movement mechanism, namely, the spreading mechanism is positioned in the first triaxial movement system, so that the spreading mechanism can freely move in three directions; the printing mechanism is arranged at the tail end of the fifth movement mechanism, namely the printing mechanism is positioned in the first triaxial movement system, so that the printing mechanism can freely move in three directions.
Further, the 3D printing apparatus further includes a frame on which the first movement mechanism is disposed, and a work space of the 3D printing apparatus is disposed in a middle portion of the frame.
Further, the first movement mechanism comprises first cross beams arranged in pairs and erected on the frame and first guide rails arranged on each first cross beam; the second movement mechanism and the third movement mechanism are connected with the first movement mechanism through the first guide rail, so that the second movement mechanism and the third movement mechanism can reciprocate along the first guide rail.
Further, the second movement mechanism comprises a second cross beam which is erected on the first guide rail of the first cross beam and a second guide rail which is arranged on the side surface of the second cross beam, and the second guide rail is arranged along the full length of the second cross beam; the third movement mechanism comprises a third cross beam and a third guide rail, the third cross beam is arranged on the first guide rail of the first cross beam, the third guide rail is arranged on the side face of the third cross beam, and the third guide rail is arranged along the through length of the third cross beam. The second moving mechanism and the third moving mechanism are arranged on the first guide rail in parallel, and the second guide rail and the third guide rail are arranged oppositely, namely, the second guide rail and the third guide rail are arranged face to face.
Further, the fourth movement mechanism is connected with the second movement mechanism through the second guide rail, so that the fourth movement mechanism can reciprocate along the length direction of the second movement mechanism; the fifth movement mechanism is connected with the third movement mechanism through the third guide rail, so that the fifth movement mechanism can reciprocate along the length direction of the third movement mechanism.
Further, in order to facilitate connection of the fourth movement mechanism and the fifth movement mechanism with the second guide rail and the third guide rail, the second guide rail and the third guide rail are respectively provided with an adapter fourth and an adapter fifth for connecting the fourth movement mechanism and the fifth movement mechanism; one end of the fourth adapter is connected with the second guide rail, and the fourth adapter can reciprocate on the second guide rail; one end of the fifth adapter is connected with the third guide rail, and the fifth adapter can reciprocate on the third guide rail. The other end of the adapter piece IV is connected with the fourth movement mechanism; the other end of the fifth adapter is connected with the fifth movement mechanism.
Further, the fourth movement mechanism comprises a main shaft four connected with the adapter piece four and a fourth guide piece arranged on the main shaft four; the fifth movement mechanism comprises a main shaft five connected with the adapter piece five and a fifth guide piece arranged on the main shaft five, so that the free movement of the spreading mechanism and the printing mechanism in a three-dimensional space is realized.
As an optimization of the technical scheme, the 3D printing equipment further comprises a feeding mechanism, a sixth guide rail is further arranged on the other surface, opposite to the second guide rail, of the second cross beam, the sixth guide rail is connected with the feeding mechanism, namely, the feeding mechanism can reciprocate along the sixth guide rail, and therefore the purpose of feeding the spreading mechanism in real time is achieved.
Further, the 3D printing equipment further comprises a storage hopper, wherein the storage hopper is arranged above the feeding mechanism, and the storage hopper adds uniformly mixed raw materials into the feeding mechanism as required. Specifically, the storage hopper is arranged on the 3D printing equipment through a bracket and is positioned above the storage hopper.
Still further, the 3D printing apparatus further includes a mixing mechanism disposed at a position closest to the storage hopper to achieve the shortest raw material conveying path for uniform mixing; the material mixing mechanism is arranged between the material storage hopper and the material storage hopper, and the material feeding mechanism can convey the raw materials uniformly mixed in the material mixing mechanism into the material storage hopper so as to facilitate the material storage hopper to feed materials to the material feeding mechanism as required.
As another optimization of the technical scheme, the first cross beam of the first movement mechanism is arranged to be of a ladder structure, and a first guide rail is arranged on a higher ladder surface and used for being connected with the third movement mechanism; a seventh guide rail is arranged on the lower step surface and is used for connecting the second movement mechanism; by setting different guide rails, the printing precision and the operation precision of the 3D printing equipment can be better improved.
As another optimization of the technical scheme, a rotating mechanism is further arranged between the main shaft IV and the spreading mechanism, and the rotating mechanism can enable the spreading mechanism to rotate around the central axis of the main shaft IV, so that bidirectional spreading is achieved.
The technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that: by arranging two independent triaxial movement systems, the spreading mechanism and the printing mechanism can respectively and independently move freely above the working space, so that 3D printing under the condition that the working space is not moved is realized; meanwhile, through the arrangement of the first movement direction, partition spreading and partition printing are realized, and the problem that 3D printing is limited by a working space and large products cannot be molded at one time is broken through partition spreading and printing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 3D printing apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another first movement mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a 3D printing device operating mode;
wherein, 1-frame; 2-working space; 3-a spreading mechanism; 4-a rotation mechanism; 5-a printing mechanism; 6-a first cross beam; 7-a first guide rail; 8-seventh guide rail; 9-a third cross beam; 10-a third guide rail; 11-a second cross beam; 12-a second guide rail; 13-sixth guide rail; 14-a main shaft five; 15-a main shaft IV; 16-a mixing mechanism; 17-a feeding mechanism; 18-a storage hopper; 19-a charging mechanism; 20-cleaning mechanism; 21-a cleaning mechanism; 22-first beam low-order surface.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, it is obvious that the following description is a few exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and other solutions can be obtained according to these embodiments without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
The 3D printing equipment comprises a first motion mechanism, a second motion mechanism, a third motion mechanism, a fourth motion mechanism, a fifth motion mechanism, a spreading mechanism and a printing mechanism, wherein the second motion mechanism and the third motion mechanism can move along a first motion direction, the fourth motion mechanism and the fifth motion mechanism can move along a second motion direction and a third motion direction, the first motion direction, the second motion direction and the third motion direction form triaxial motion directions which are perpendicular to each other in pairs, namely, the first motion mechanism, the second motion mechanism and the fourth motion mechanism form a first triaxial motion system, and the first motion mechanism, the third motion mechanism and the fifth motion mechanism form a second triaxial motion system; the spreading mechanism is arranged at the tail end of the fourth movement mechanism, namely, the spreading mechanism is positioned in the first triaxial movement system, so that the spreading mechanism can freely move in three directions; the printing mechanism is arranged at the tail end of the fifth movement mechanism, namely the printing mechanism is positioned in the first triaxial movement system, so that the printing mechanism can freely move in three directions.
The specific structure of the 3D printing device shown in fig. 1 is as follows:
A3D printing device comprises a frame 1, a first moving mechanism arranged on the frame 1, a second moving mechanism and a third moving mechanism arranged on the first moving mechanism, a fourth moving mechanism arranged on the second moving mechanism, a fifth moving mechanism arranged on the third moving mechanism, a spreading mechanism 3 arranged at the low end of the fourth moving mechanism and a printing mechanism 5 arranged at the low end of the fifth moving mechanism. Wherein the frame 1 is four upright posts which enclose a working space 2; the first movement mechanism comprises two first cross beams 6 and first guide rails 7, the first cross beams 6 are provided with two first cross beams 6, the two first cross beams 6 are in parallel lap joint with the four stand columns, the two first cross beams 6 and the four stand columns form an integral framework of the 3D printing equipment, the working space 2 is arranged in the integral framework formed by the four stand columns and the two first cross beams 6, the working space 2 is an immovable platform in the embodiment, and the first guide rails 7 are arranged on the upper plane of the first cross beams 6 in a length-wise manner; the second movement mechanism comprises a second cross beam 11 and a second guide rail 12 which is arranged on the side surface of the second cross beam 11 in a full length mode, and is lapped on the first guide rail 7 through the second cross beam 11, so that the second movement mechanism can reciprocate along the first guide rail 7; the third movement mechanism comprises a third cross beam 9 and a third guide rail 10 which is arranged on the side surface of the third cross beam 9 in a full length mode, and is lapped on the first guide rail 7 through the third cross beam 9, so that the third movement mechanism can reciprocate along the first guide rail 7; the second guide rail 12 and the third guide rail 10 are both arranged on the side surfaces of the second cross beam 11 and the third cross beam 9 facing the working space 2, that is, the second guide rail 12 and the third guide rail 10 are arranged face to face, and in order to connect the fourth movement mechanism and the fifth movement mechanism conveniently, the second guide rail 12 and the third guide rail 10 are also provided with a fourth adaptor and a fifth adaptor which are movably connected to the second guide rail 12 and the third guide rail 10, for example, the fourth adaptor and the fifth adaptor are slidably connected to the second guide rail 12 and the third guide rail 10, or can be in a linear movement mode such as a rack-and-pinion connection; the fourth movement mechanism comprises a main shaft IV 15 and a fourth guide piece arranged on the main shaft IV 15, the fourth movement mechanism is connected with the adapter IV through the main shaft IV 15, namely, the connection of the fourth movement mechanism and the second movement mechanism is indirectly realized, for example, the adapter IV is of a U-shaped structure, the U-shaped bottom is connected with the second guide rail 12, a gear is arranged in the U-shaped part, the fourth guide piece is a rack, and the fourth guide piece and the rack are mutually matched to form a running mode of meshing of the gear and the rack, so that the lifting and the lowering of the spreading mechanism 3 are realized; for another example, the connection relationship between the fourth movement mechanism and the fourth adaptor may be screw rod connection, synchronous belt connection, etc.; the fifth movement mechanism comprises a main shaft five 14 and a fifth guide piece arranged on the main shaft five 14, and is connected with the adapter piece five through the main shaft five 14, namely, the connection between the fifth movement mechanism and the adapter piece five is indirectly realized, the connection between the fifth movement mechanism and the adapter piece five is the same as the connection between the fourth movement mechanism and the adapter piece four, and the connection can also be a connection mode of linear running such as gear-rack meshing, screw rod connection or synchronous belt connection. The two triaxial motion systems are formed by the motion mechanisms, the motion system of the spreading mechanism 3 is defined as a first triaxial motion system, and the first triaxial motion system comprises a first motion mechanism, a second motion mechanism and a fourth motion mechanism; defining a motion system of the printing mechanism 5 as a second triaxial motion system, wherein the motion system comprises a first motion mechanism, a third motion mechanism and a fifth motion mechanism; by arranging the spreading mechanism 3 and the printing mechanism 5 in different triaxial movement systems respectively, the free movement of the spreading mechanism 3 and the printing mechanism 5 in three-dimensional space is controlled independently.
As a supplement of this embodiment, a cleaning mechanism 20 is disposed on a stand corresponding to the initial position of the first triaxial motion system, where the cleaning mechanism 20 is disposed on the stand through a support, so as to clean the sand on the spreading mechanism 3, and ensure that the blanking port and the hanging plate of the spreading mechanism 3 are always kept clean, so as to ensure the normal operation of the 3D printing device.
As another supplement of this embodiment, a cleaning mechanism 21 is disposed on the upright corresponding to the initial position of the second triaxial movement system, and the cleaning mechanism 21 is disposed on the upright through a bracket and is used for cleaning the printing mechanism 5, so as to ensure smoothness of printing and avoid halation and blockage.
As another supplement of this embodiment, when the spreading mechanism 3 is single spreading, in order to improve spreading efficiency, avoid waste of empty return of the spreading mechanism 3, a rotation mechanism 4 is disposed between the main shaft four 15 and the spreading mechanism 3, the rotation mechanism 4 may enable the spreading mechanism 3 to rotate around the central axis of the main shaft four 15, and when the spreading mechanism 3 needs to print a return path, the spreading mechanism 3 is rotated by 180 degrees, so that blanking and strickling can be achieved.
As another supplement of this embodiment, in order to implement real-time feeding of the spreading mechanism 3, a sixth guide rail 13 is further disposed on an opposite side surface of the second beam 11 with respect to the second guide rail 12, and a feeding mechanism 19 is slidably disposed on the sixth guide rail 13, where when the spreading mechanism 3 needs to feed, the feeding mechanism 19 may travel to a corresponding position to feed the spreading mechanism 3, thereby ensuring continuity of spreading and improving printing efficiency.
As another supplement of this embodiment, in order to timely supplement the uniformly mixed raw materials to the feeding mechanism 19, the 3D printing apparatus further includes a mixing mechanism 16, a feeding mechanism 17, and a storage hopper 18, where the mixing mechanism 16 and the storage hopper 18 are connected by the feeding mechanism 17, so as to realize conveying of the uniformly mixed raw materials; the material mixing mechanism 16, the material feeding mechanism 17 and the material storage hopper 18 are arranged near one upright post at the initial position of the first triaxial movement system, namely, the material mixing mechanism is arranged on the ground near the upright post, the material storage hopper 18 is arranged above the material feeding mechanism 19 through a bracket arranged on the frame 1, and when the raw material allowance in the material feeding mechanism 19 reaches a set value, the material storage hopper 18 feeds the material into the material feeding mechanism 19; when the feeding mechanism 19 advances to a position close to the end point of the direction in which the storage hopper 18 is located, the outlet of the storage hopper 18 corresponds to the inlet of the feeding mechanism 19, thereby achieving smooth transfer of raw materials.
In another embodiment shown in fig. 2, the first beam 6 is configured as a step structure, which is a first beam high-level surface and a first beam low-level surface 22, the first beam high-level surface is provided with a first guide rail 7, the first beam low-level surface 22 is provided with a seventh guide rail 8, the second movement mechanism is overlapped on the seventh guide rail 8 on the first beam low-level surface 22, and the third movement mechanism is overlapped on the first guide rail 7 on the first beam high-level surface, so that the spreading precision and the printing precision are respectively controlled. Specifically, the first guide rail 7 and the seventh guide rail 8 with different precision grades can be adopted, so that on one hand, the manufacturing cost of equipment can be saved, and the printing precision and the spreading precision can be respectively regulated and controlled.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the operation of two three-axis motion systems, wherein the first motion direction comprises a direction a→b and a direction c→d, the second motion direction comprises a direction e→f and a direction g→h, and the third motion direction comprises a direction x→y and a direction m→n. And the starting point E position in the E-F direction is the direction in which the working zero position of the working space is located. And the cleaning mechanism 20 is positioned between the working zero point on the working space and the upright post of the frame 1, and the cleaning mechanism 20 is positioned outside the working space; the cleaning mechanism 21 is located between the position diagonal to the working zero point on the working space and the upright of the frame 1, and the cleaning mechanism 21 is located outside the working space.
Taking sand 3D printing as an example, the operation process of the 3D printing apparatus of the present invention will be described in detail, and in this embodiment, the spreading mechanism 3 may spread materials in two directions.
1) Placing the working space 2 meeting the printing requirements in a proper position in the frame 1;
2) The 3D printing equipment controls the spreading mechanism 3 and the printing mechanism 5 to advance to the preparation state and the preparation position of the printing job according to the received printing information of the product to be printed and the printing information;
3) The spreading mechanism 3 spreads the molding sand of the first layer of first area along the E-F direction from the working zero point position to the working starting point position according to the spreading command until the spreading mechanism 3 advances to the edge of the working space, namely, when the spreading mechanism 3 spreads to the tail end appointed position of the working space along the E-F direction, the spreading of the first layer of first area is finished, the second cross beam 11 carries the spreading mechanism 3 to move along the first guide rail 7 along the C-D direction for a set distance L, and the distance L is the minimum distance which is reserved by the spreading mechanism for the printing mechanism and does not influence the printing operation of the first layer of first area;
4) The printing mechanism 5 is driven by the third cross beam 9 to move above the molding sand in the first area of the first layer along the first guide rail 7 in the direction of C-D, the printing mechanism 5 prints on the molding sand in the first area of the first layer along the direction of G-H according to the command until the printing mechanism 5 executes the printing command, namely the printing mechanism 5 is positioned at the tail end of the direction of G-H, the printing mechanism 5 is driven by the third cross beam 9 to move along the first guide rail 7 in the direction of A-B for a set distance D, and the distance D is the minimum distance which enables the printing mechanism to move outside the second area of the first layer without affecting the spreading operation;
5) The spreading mechanism 3 moves to a spreading position of the first layer of the second area along the first guide rail 7 in the direction of A-B under the drive of the second cross beam 11, the spreading mechanism 3 spreads the first layer of the second area along the second guide rail 12 in the direction of G-H until the spreading of the second area is finished, and the spreading mechanism 3 moves to the edge of the working space 2; simultaneously, the second cross beam 11 carries the spreading mechanism 3 to run along the first guide rail 7 for a set distance L in the direction of C-D;
6) The printing mechanism 5 is driven by the third cross beam 9 to move above the molding sand in the first layer second area along the first guide rail 7 in the direction of C-D, the printing mechanism 5 prints on the molding sand in the first layer second area along the direction of E-F according to the command until the printing mechanism 5 executes the printing command, namely the printing mechanism 5 is positioned at the tail end of the direction of E-F, and the printing mechanism 5 is driven by the third cross beam 9 to move along the first guide rail 7 for a set distance D in the direction of A-B;
7) Repeating the steps 3), 4), 5) and 6) until the first layer of spreading and printing are completed;
8) Raising the spreading mechanism 3 and the printing mechanism 5 to the second layer of spreading height along the fourth guide piece and the fifth guide piece in the direction of M-N, enabling the spreading mechanism 3 and the printing mechanism 5 to return to the working starting point along the first guide rail 7 in the direction of C-D, and starting spreading and printing of the first area of the second layer according to the steps 3), 4), 5) and 6) until the spreading and printing of the second layer are completed;
9) Repeating the steps 7) and 8) until the whole product to be printed is printed.
As a refinement of the present embodiment, the preparation state is a state in which the paving mechanism 3 is cleaned by the cleaning mechanism 20 to be normally paved; the print ready state is a state in which the printing mechanism 5 is in a normally printable state by being purged by the purge mechanism 21.
As a refinement of the present embodiment, the preparation position is a position where the spreading mechanism 3 is located at a first layer of spreading height above a working zero position; the print ready position is a position where the printing mechanism 5 is at the first layer of laydown height above the edge of the working space opposite the working zero point in the e→f direction.
In addition to this embodiment, in order to implement the above operation, when the spreading mechanism 3 is of a unidirectional spreading structure, the rotating device 4 is adopted to rotate the spreading mechanism 3 by 180 degrees before the second area is printed after the first area is printed, so as to implement a reciprocating spreading manner, improve spreading efficiency, and avoid idle running of the spreading mechanism 3.
The above embodiment is only a description of a typical application of the technical scheme of the present invention, and can be reasonably expanded on the basis of reasonable design and no need of creative labor.
Claims (4)
1. The 3D printing equipment is characterized by comprising a frame, a first moving mechanism arranged on the frame, a second moving mechanism and a third moving mechanism arranged on the first moving mechanism, a fourth moving mechanism arranged on the second moving mechanism, a fifth moving mechanism arranged on the third moving mechanism, a spreading mechanism, a printing mechanism and a feeding mechanism; the spreading mechanism is arranged at the tail end of the fourth movement mechanism; the printing mechanism is arranged at the tail end of the fifth movement mechanism; the second movement mechanism and the third movement mechanism can move along a first movement direction, the fourth movement mechanism and the fifth movement mechanism can move along a second movement direction and a third movement direction, and the first movement direction, the second movement direction and the third movement direction form two triaxial movement directions which are perpendicular to each other;
the frame consists of four upright posts, and the first movement mechanism is arranged on the frame;
the first moving mechanism comprises first cross beams arranged on the frame in pairs and first guide rails arranged on each first cross beam; the second movement mechanism and the third movement mechanism are connected with the first movement mechanism through the first guide rail;
the second movement mechanism comprises a second cross beam which is erected on the first guide rail of the first cross beam and a second guide rail which is arranged on the side surface of the second cross beam, and the second guide rail is arranged along the full length of the second cross beam; the third movement mechanism comprises a third cross beam which is erected on the first guide rail of the first cross beam and a third guide rail which is arranged on the side surface of the third cross beam, and the third guide rail is arranged along the through length of the third cross beam;
the fourth movement mechanism is connected with the second movement mechanism through the second guide rail, so that the fourth movement mechanism can do reciprocating movement along the length direction of the second movement mechanism; the fifth movement mechanism is connected with the third movement mechanism through the third guide rail, so that the fifth movement mechanism can reciprocate along the length direction of the third movement mechanism;
the second guide rail and the third guide rail are respectively provided with a fourth adapter and a fifth adapter which are used for connecting the fourth movement mechanism and the fifth movement mechanism, and the other end of the fourth adapter is connected with the fourth movement mechanism; the other end of the fifth adapter is connected with the fifth movement mechanism; the fourth movement mechanism comprises a main shaft four connected with the adapter piece four and a fourth guide piece arranged on the main shaft four; the fifth movement mechanism comprises a main shaft five connected with the adapter five and a fifth guide piece arranged on the main shaft five; a rotating mechanism is arranged between the main shaft IV and the spreading mechanism;
the feeding mechanism is connected to the second cross beam through a sixth guide rail arranged on the second cross beam.
2. The 3D printing apparatus of claim 1, wherein a first beam of the first movement mechanism is provided in a stepped structure, a first beam upper stage surface is provided with the first rail, a first beam lower stage surface is provided with a seventh rail, the second movement mechanism is connected to the seventh rail, and the third movement mechanism is connected to the first rail.
3. The 3D printing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the 3D printing apparatus further comprises a mixing mechanism, a feeding mechanism, and a storage hopper, the mixing mechanism and the storage hopper being connected by the feeding mechanism to enable the uniformly mixed raw materials to be conveyed from the mixing mechanism to the storage hopper; the discharge hole of the storage hopper corresponds to the feed inlet of the feeding mechanism so as to supplement raw materials to the feeding mechanism.
4. A process for operating a 3D printing device, using a 3D printing device according to claim 2, comprising the following:
placing a working space meeting the printing requirement in a proper position in a frame;
advancing the paving mechanism and the printing mechanism to a ready position and in a ready state;
the spreading mechanism and the printing mechanism spread and print layer by layer and area by area along the first guide rail and/or the seventh guide rail, the second guide rail, the third guide rail, the fourth guide rail and the fifth guide rail in the E-F direction, the G-H direction, the A-B direction, the C-D direction, the X-Y direction and the M-N direction;
the spreading process of the first zone of the first layer is as follows:
the spreading mechanism spreads the molding sand of the first layer of first area along the E-F direction from the working zero point position to the working starting point position according to spreading instructions until the spreading mechanism spreads to the edge of the working space, namely when the spreading mechanism spreads to the tail end appointed position of the working space in the E-F direction, the spreading of the first layer of first area is finished, and the second cross beam carries the spreading mechanism to move along the first guide rail for a set distance L in the C-D direction;
the printing process of the first layer first area is as follows:
the printing mechanism is driven by the third beam to run on the molding sand of the first region of the first layer along the first guide rail in the direction of C-D, and prints on the molding sand of the first region of the first layer along the direction of G-H according to the instruction until the printing mechanism executes the printing instruction, namely the printing mechanism is positioned at the tail end of the direction of G-H, and the printing mechanism is driven by the third beam to run for a set distance D along the first guide rail in the direction of A-B;
the spreading process of the second area of the first layer is as follows:
the spreading mechanism moves to a spreading position of the first layer of the second region along the first guide rail in the direction A-B under the drive of the second cross beam, spreads the first layer of the second region along the second guide rail in the direction G-H until spreading of the second region is finished, and moves to the edge of the working space; simultaneously, the second cross beam drives the spreading mechanism to run along the first guide rail for a set distance L in the direction of C-D;
the printing process of the second area of the first layer is as follows:
the printing mechanism is driven by the third beam to run on the molding sand in the first layer second area along the first guide rail 7 in the direction of C-D, the printing mechanism prints on the molding sand in the first layer second area along the direction of E-F according to the instruction until the printing mechanism executes the printing instruction, namely the printing mechanism is positioned at the tail end of the direction of E-F, and the printing mechanism is driven by the third beam to run for a set distance D along the first guide rail in the direction of A-B;
repeating the steps until the printing of the whole product is completed.
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| CN202110587871.8A CN113306139B (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2021-05-28 | 3D printing device and operation process thereof |
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| CN203887992U (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-10-22 | 宁夏共享模具有限公司 | 3D (three-dimensional) printing equipment with high-efficiency printing head |
| CN108327256B (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2023-10-24 | 安徽机电职业技术学院 | Bidirectional powder spreading device for powder printing |
| CN110001055A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-07-12 | 共享智能铸造产业创新中心有限公司 | 3D printing equipment and 3D printing method |
| CN210676834U (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2020-06-05 | 广东华领智能制造有限公司 | Universal molding sand type printer production line |
| CN211840137U (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-11-03 | 西安赛隆金属材料有限责任公司 | Powder paving device and 3D printing equipment |
| CN111169003A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-19 | 共享智能铸造产业创新中心有限公司 | 3D printing equipment |
| CN212737094U (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2021-03-19 | 共享智能铸造产业创新中心有限公司 | Printing assembly and 3D printing equipment |
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Denomination of invention: 3D printing equipment and its operating process Granted publication date: 20230509 Pledgee: China Postal Savings Bank Co.,Ltd. Yinchuan Branch Pledgor: KOCEL INTELLIGENT EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2024980000940 |
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