CN113305469B - Smelting flux for submerged-arc welding of austenitic welding wire and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Smelting flux for submerged-arc welding of austenitic welding wire and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113305469B CN113305469B CN202110523824.7A CN202110523824A CN113305469B CN 113305469 B CN113305469 B CN 113305469B CN 202110523824 A CN202110523824 A CN 202110523824A CN 113305469 B CN113305469 B CN 113305469B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
- B23K35/3602—Carbonates, basic oxides or hydroxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/362—Selection of compositions of fluxes
Abstract
A smelting flux for submerged arc welding of an austenitic welding wire and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, wherein the smelting flux comprises marble, quartz, fluorite, potash feldspar, zirconium dioxide, magnesia, zircon sand, manganese ore and barium carbonate, and the specific preparation process comprises the steps of preparing raw materials; smelting; water-cooling granulation; drying the granulated smelting flux at 420-450 ℃; mechanically crushing and screening the flux, wherein the strength granularity of the finished flux is required to be 12-80 meshes; and (7) packaging and warehousing. The smelting flux for submerged arc welding of the austenite welding wire prepared by the invention develops a smelting flux which can be matched with various types of austenite submerged arc welding wires for welding, has good manufacturability, can be suitable for welding in a flat position and a transverse position, and has good low-temperature toughness of a welding line, good hot crack resistance sensitivity and lower cost through creating a slag system. Has wide market promotion prospect and good economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding materials, and particularly relates to a smelting flux for submerged arc welding of an austenitic welding wire and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of economy, the improvement of scientific technology and the improvement of the requirements of people on environmental protection, the development and application of clean energy such as liquefied natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas and the like become hot spots of energy development.
In recent years, LNG (liquefied natural gas) and LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) projects have been developed vigorously, and since many LNG and LPG projects have been planned, 9Ni steel, EH40 steel, and the like are considered as excellent materials for manufacturing low-temperature pressure vessels due to their excellent low-temperature toughness and good weldability, high manganese steel is expected to be used in LNG projects in the near future.
For the welding of steel used in ultralow temperature service environment, related domestic research currently accumulates some experiences, but further improvement is needed due to late start. The matched welding materials for welding the steels contain more austenite welding materials, particularly austenite submerged arc welding materials such as ERNiCrMo-3, ERNiCrMo-4 and the like. The welding materials are imported at present, and no mature products exist in China although relevant researches are carried out by the departments of Harpago institute, jingqun, antai science and technology and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a smelting flux for submerged-arc welding of an austenitic welding wire and a preparation method thereof, solves the problems of poor slag detachability, poor spreading wettability of a welding bead, easy generation of air holes in the welding bead and the like in the welding process of the austenitic welding wire, and is suitable for various types of submerged-arc welding of the austenitic welding wire.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a smelting flux for submerged arc welding of an austenitic welding wire is characterized in that: the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 40 to 55 parts of marble, 15 to 22 parts of quartz, 9 to 13 parts of fluorite, 7 to 9 parts of potassium feldspar, 3.5 to 4.5 parts of zirconium dioxide, 3.5 to 5 parts of magnesia, 3 to 7 parts of zircon sand, 1 to 2.3 parts of barium carbonate and 0.5 to 2 parts of manganese ore.
Furthermore, the granularity of the zirconium dioxide, the magnesia, the zircon sand and the barium carbonate is less than or equal to 40 meshes.
Furthermore, S in the marble, the quartz, the fluorite, the zirconium dioxide, the magnesia, the manganese ore and the barium carbonate is less than or equal to 0.080, and P is less than or equal to 0.040.
Further, the marble comprises CaCO according to mass percentage 3 More than or equal to 95.0 percent, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.010 percent of P; the quartz comprises SiO 2 More than or equal to 93.0 percent, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.010 percent of P; fluorite including CaF 2 ≥95.0%，SiO 2 Less than or equal to 1.00 percent, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.010 percent of P; the potassium feldspar comprises SiO 2 >60%，Al 2 O 3 ≥15%，K 2 O>8%，K 2 O+Na 2 O>12 percent; zirconium dioxide including ZrO 2 More than or equal to 92.0 percent, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.010 percent of P; the magnesite comprises more than or equal to 98.0 percent of MgO, less than or equal to 0.45 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.050 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.040 percent of P; zircon sand comprising ZrO 2 ≥63.0%，SiO 2 More than or equal to 25.0 percent, manganese ore comprises more than or equal to 55 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.025 percent of P; barium carbonate includes BaCO 3 ≥51%，S≤0.080%，P≤0.030%。
A preparation method of a smelting flux for submerged-arc welding of an austenitic welding wire is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, preparing raw materials of a smelting flux according to a mixture ratio range;
step two, smelting the raw materials prepared in the step one, adding marble, quartz, fluorite, potash feldspar, zirconium dioxide, magnesia and zircon sand during smelting, adding manganese ore after the materials are molten, uniformly melting, and finally adding barium carbonate;
step three, discharging the molten materials from the furnace for water cooling granulation after the molten materials in the step two are uniform and stable in color;
drying the granulated material obtained in the step three at the temperature of 420-450 ℃;
and step five, mechanically crushing and screening the dried granulated material to obtain the smelting flux.
Further, in the fourth step, the water content of the dried granulated material is less than or equal to 0.05%.
Further, in the fifth step, the screening mesh number is 12-80 meshes.
Furthermore, the yield of the melting flux is more than or equal to 72%, the yield strength matched with the welding wire is more than 430MPa, the tensile strength is more than 690MPa, the elongation is more than 35%, the Charpy impact work at minus 196 ℃ is more than 100J, and the lateral expansion is more than 0.9.
The invention comprises marble, quartz, fluorite, potash feldspar, zirconium dioxide, magnesia, zircon sand, manganese ore and barium carbonate. Wherein the high-temperature decomposition product of marble is mainly CO 2 And CaO, wherein CO 2 The process of overflowing in a gas form has a certain stirring effect, and the uniformity of the whole components of the melting flux is promoted. CaO is a strong alkaline oxide, is a main component of slag, can adjust the alkalinity of the slag, and can effectively improve the large current resistance of the flux and improve the surface tension and the interfacial tension of the slag. The research result of the invention shows that the excessive CaO can reduce the fluidity of the slag and deteriorate the spreadability of the welding seam; too low CaO causes a decrease in flux basicity, which can reduce the low temperature toughness of the weld metal.
The main component of quartz is SiO 2 Belongs to a slightly acidic substance, mainly has the functions of slagging, adjusting the viscosity and the fluidity of a liquid slag pool and is very important for forming a welding seam. The research result of the invention shows that SiO 2 When the addition amount is excessive, the silicon increase of the weld metal is serious, the weld metal strength is increased, and the low-temperature toughness of the weld metal is reduced, but SiO 2 Too low a temperature may result in weld formationThe pattern was poor.
The main component of fluorite is CaF 2 They belong to the group of basic oxides and, in the case of fluxes, to the group of slag formers and diluents. The fluorite in a molten state has good fluidity, can improve and adjust the viscosity, melting point and surface tension of the slag, improves the fluidity of the slag, and has certain promotion effect on the improvement of the spreadability of a welding bead.
Potash feldspar contains low ionization energy potassium, sodium element, mainly plays the effect of stabilizing the welding arc for the welding flux is adopting the minor dimension diameter welding wire (in 2.0mm, in 2.4 mm) horizontal position when welding, and the electric arc is more stable, and the welding seam shaping is good.
Zirconium dioxide is an acidic oxide with a negative linear expansion coefficient at high temperatures. The volume change is obvious in the cooling process, smooth peeling of slag shells is promoted, the zirconium dioxide can also adjust the viscosity of a slag pool, welding bead forming is improved, a certain amount of Zr can be transferred into weld metal, and the low-temperature toughness of deposited metal is improved. The addition of pure zirconium dioxide leads to poor weld forming, and experiments show that partial ZrO 2 The zircon sand is added in the form of zircon sand, and the method has a good effect of improving the weld forming.
The main component of the magnesia is MgO, a strong alkaline oxide, which can improve the impact toughness of the weld metal. Research results show that the content of the magnesite cannot exceed 5 parts, and excessive magnesite can increase the viscosity of the slag, improve the solidification temperature of the slag, reduce the fluidity of the slag and seriously affect the weld forming. However, the content of the magnesite is not less than 3.5 parts, and the excessively low magnesite can cause the over-low melting point of the welding flux to cause poor slag detachability, and can increase slag inclusion in the weld metal to cause the reduction of the low-temperature toughness of the weld metal.
Decomposition of barium carbonate into CO in high-temperature smelting process 2 And BaO, which is beneficial to the falling off of the slag shell in the welding process.
The manganese ore ensures the stability of the components of the manganese metal in the deposited metal and the strength of the weld metal mainly by keeping the concentration of the Mn element which forms stable in the slag to be matched with the concentration of the Mn element in the molten metal pool.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the smelting flux for the submerged arc welding of the austenitic welding wire selects the raw materials with low content of impurity elements such as P, S and the like to reduce the transition of S and P to deposited metal, improve the purity of the deposited metal and be beneficial to improving the low-temperature toughness of the deposited metal; the welding flux which takes the alkaline oxide as the main raw material can effectively reduce the content of the nonmetallic inclusion of the weld metal and effectively improve the appearance of the inclusion; the zirconium dioxide in the raw materials can play a role in improving the slag detachability. Compared with the sintered flux, the smelting flux prepared from the raw materials has good moisture absorption resistance, solves the problems that the sintered flux is easy to generate air holes and has non-ideal slag detachability during welding, and is more suitable for the welding operation of field engineering;
2. the smelting flux prepared by the raw materials and the preparation method has good manufacturability, stable electric arc, easy slag removal and beautiful welding bead forming under the condition of wider process specification;
the flux has good production adaptability, uniform granularity, yield of more than 72 percent, stable deposited metal components, yield strength of more than 430MPa, tensile strength of more than 690MPa, elongation of more than 35 percent, charpy impact power of more than 100J (lateral expansion of more than 0.9) at minus 196 ℃ in cooperation with the ERNiCrMo-4 welding wire, and better thermal crack resistance sensitivity of deposited metal;
3. the prepared smelting flux can also be suitable for the transverse position welding of welding wires with the diameters of 2.0mm and 2.4mm, the slag detachability of a welding bead is good, a welding seam has no air holes, and the fusion between the welding beads is good. The welding wire is suitable for the flat position welding of welding wires with all specifications, the welding arc is stable, and the welding seam forming is excellent.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions provided by the present invention, the following description is provided with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
The invention provides a submerged arc welding flux which is a smelting flux and belongs to a high-calcium type smelting flux, wherein the welding flux comprises the following components in parts by weight:
and (3) marble: 49 parts, quartz: 15 parts of fluorite: 10 parts of potassium feldspar: 9 parts of zirconium dioxide: 4 parts of magnesia: 3.5 parts of zircon sand: 6 parts, barium carbonate: 2 parts of manganese ore: 1.5 parts.
The addition mode of each component of the welding flux is as follows: the magnesite is added in the form of light-burned magnesite.
The preparation process of the flux is as follows: (1) preparing the raw materials according to the mixture ratio range; (2) Smelting, during smelting, adding marble, quartz, fluorite, potash feldspar, zirconium dioxide, light-duty magnesite and zircon sand, adding manganese ore after the materials are basically melted, adding barium carbonate after a filter material is uniformly melted, and discharging the molten materials after the color of the molten materials is uniform and stable, and carrying out water cooling granulation; (3) water-cooling granulation; (4) Drying the granulated smelting flux at 420-450 ℃ (the moisture content of the dried flux is not more than 0.05%); (5) Mechanically crushing and screening the flux, wherein the strength granularity of the finished flux is required to be 12-80 meshes; and (6) packaging and warehousing.
Example 2
The welding flux comprises the following components in parts by weight:
and (3) marble: 40.5 parts of quartz: 21 parts of fluorite: 13 parts of potassium feldspar: 8 parts of zirconium dioxide: 4.5 parts of magnesia: 5 parts of zircon sand: 4 parts, barium carbonate: 2.2 parts of manganese ore: 1.8 parts.
The preparation process of the flux is as follows: (1) preparing the raw materials according to the mixture ratio range; (2) smelting; (3) water-cooling granulation; (4) Drying the granulated smelting flux at 420-450 ℃ (the moisture content of the dried flux is not more than 0.05%); (5) Mechanically crushing and screening the flux, wherein the strength granularity of the finished flux is required to be 12-80 meshes; and (6) packaging and warehousing.
Example 3
The welding flux comprises the following components in parts by weight:
and (3) marble: 53 parts, quartz: 17 parts of fluorite: 9 parts of potassium feldspar: 7 parts of zirconium dioxide: 3.5 parts of magnesia: 4.5 parts of zircon sand: 4.5 parts, barium carbonate: 1 part of manganese ore: 0.5 part.
The preparation process of the flux is as follows: (1) preparing the raw materials according to the proportion range; (2) smelting; (3) water-cooling granulation; (4) Drying the granulated smelting flux at 420-450 ℃ (the water content of the dried flux is not more than 0.05%); (5) Mechanically crushing and screening the flux, wherein the strength granularity of the finished flux is required to be 12-80 meshes; and (6) packaging and warehousing.
The fluxes prepared by the components of the above examples 1 to 3 were respectively tested, and the fluxes were baked at 220 to 280 ℃ for 2 hours before the welding test.
Matching with ERNiCrMo-4 submerged arc welding wires, taking a phi 2.4mm welding wire as an example, and the welding process parameters are as follows: the welding power supply is reversely connected in a direct current mode, the welding current is 320A-350A, the welding voltage is 28V-30V, the inter-road temperature is 100-150 ℃, the welding power supply is tested, the chemical components (wt%) of welding wire cladding metal matched with the welding flux ERNiCrMo-4 are shown in the table 1, and the mechanical properties of the welding wire cladding metal matched with the welding flux ERNiCrMo-4 are shown in the table 2.
After 3 parts of each 100 g of the example flux was placed in an environment of 80% relative humidity and 25 ℃ and allowed to absorb moisture for 12 hours, a 150 ℃ oven drying weight loss test was conducted, and the test results are shown in Table 3.
The invention develops a smelting type welding flux which can be matched with various types of austenitic submerged arc welding wires for welding, has good manufacturability, can be suitable for flat and horizontal position welding, and has good low-temperature toughness of welding seams, good thermal crack resistance sensitivity and lower cost by innovating a slag system based on solving the problems of poor slag detachability, poor spreading wettability of welding seams, easy generation of air holes of the welding seams and the like in the welding process of austenitic welding wires (particularly high-nickel welding wires). Has wide market promotion prospect and good economic benefit. The flux has excellent technological performance and good moisture absorption resistance. The technical problems of poor slag detachability, poor welding bead spreading, easy generation of air holes and the like in the submerged arc welding of the austenitic welding wire are solved. The welding flux is matched with ERNiCrMo-4 austenitic welding wire for welding, and the mechanical property of the weld metal is good.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. The present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. A smelting flux for submerged-arc welding of an austenitic welding wire is characterized in that: the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 40 to 55 parts of marble, 15 to 22 parts of quartz, 9 to 13 parts of fluorite, 7 to 9 parts of potassium feldspar, 3.5 to 4.5 parts of zirconium dioxide, 3.5 to 5 parts of magnesia, 3 to 7 parts of zircon sand, 1 to 2.3 parts of barium carbonate and 0.5 to 2 parts of manganese ore;
the preparation method comprises the following steps: step one, preparing raw materials of a smelting flux according to a mixture ratio range; step two, smelting the raw materials prepared in the step one, adding marble, quartz, fluorite, potash feldspar, zirconium dioxide, magnesia and zircon sand when smelting, adding manganese ore after the raw materials are melted, and finally adding barium carbonate after the raw materials are uniformly melted; step three, discharging the molten materials from the furnace for water cooling granulation after the molten materials in the step two are uniform and stable in color; drying the granulated raw material obtained in the step three at the temperature of 420-450 ℃; and step five, mechanically crushing and screening the dried granulated raw materials to obtain the smelting flux.
2. The melting flux for submerged arc welding of an austenitic welding wire as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the granularity of the zirconium dioxide, the magnesia, the zircon sand and the barium carbonate is less than or equal to 40 meshes.
3. The melting flux for submerged arc welding of an austenitic welding wire as claimed in claim 1, wherein: s in marble, quartz, fluorite, zirconium dioxide, magnesia, manganese ore and barium carbonate is less than or equal to 0.080, and P is less than or equal to 0.040.
4. The melting flux for submerged arc welding of an austenitic welding wire as set forth in claim 3, wherein: according to the mass percentage, the marble comprises more than or equal to 95.0 percent of CaCO3, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.010 percent of P; the quartz comprises more than or equal to 93.0 percent of SiO2, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.010 percent of P; the fluorite comprises more than or equal to 95.0 percent of CaF2, less than or equal to 1.00 percent of SiO2, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.010 percent of P; the potassium feldspar comprises SiO2 more than 60%, al2O3 more than or equal to 15%, K2O more than 8%, and K2O + Na2O more than 12%; the zirconium dioxide comprises more than or equal to 92.0 percent of ZrO2, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.010 percent of P; the magnesite comprises more than or equal to 98.0 percent of MgO, less than or equal to 0.45 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.050 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.040 percent of P; zircon sand comprises more than or equal to 63.0 percent of ZrO2, more than or equal to 25.0 percent of SiO2, manganese ore comprises more than or equal to 55 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.035 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.025 percent of P; the barium carbonate comprises BaCO3 more than or equal to 51 percent, S less than or equal to 0.080 percent and P less than or equal to 0.030 percent.
5. The melting flux for submerged arc welding of an austenitic welding wire as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the fourth step, the water content of the dried granulated material is less than or equal to 0.05 percent.
6. The melting flux for submerged arc welding of an austenitic welding wire as set forth in claim 1, wherein: in the fifth step, the screening mesh number is 12-80 meshes.
7. The melting flux for submerged arc welding of an austenitic welding wire as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the yield of the melting flux is more than or equal to 72%, the yield strength of the melting flux matched with the welding wire is more than 430MPa, the tensile strength is more than 690MPa, the elongation is more than 35%, the Charpy impact work at minus 196 ℃ is more than 100J, and the lateral expansion is more than 0.9.
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| CN101733587A (en) * | 2010-01-20 | 2010-06-16 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Stainless steel sintered flux |
| CN103030286A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-04-10 | 毛庆云 | Surface dense pore-free microcrystalline glass and preparation method thereof |
| WO2018000562A1 (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2018-01-04 | 美轲（广州）化学股份有限公司 | Compound zirconium silicate opacifying agent, preparation method therefor and application thereof |
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| RO100289A2 (en) * | 1988-05-27 | 1991-08-29 | Inst Sudura Incercari | Electrodes paste for build-up welding |
| CN1013086B (en) * | 1988-08-12 | 1991-07-10 | 国家机械工业委员会哈尔滨焊接研究所 | A kind of high-basicity sintered flux |
| CN1323799C (en) * | 2005-01-21 | 2007-07-04 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Low alloy high-toughness electric welding rod containing copper |
| KR100774156B1 (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2007-11-07 | 고려용접봉 주식회사 | Sintered flux for submerged arc welding |
| CN101342650B (en) * | 2008-08-21 | 2011-02-16 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Normalizing annealing treatment heat-resistant steel wire solder, production and use method thereof |
| CN103934594B (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2017-06-20 | 洛阳双瑞特种合金材料有限公司 | A kind of chrome molybdenum heat resisting steel ultralow-hydrogen low bonded flux and preparation method |
| CN110102933B (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2021-01-26 | 洛阳双瑞特种合金材料有限公司 | Smelting flux for welding 9Ni steel and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101733587A (en) * | 2010-01-20 | 2010-06-16 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Stainless steel sintered flux |
| CN103030286A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-04-10 | 毛庆云 | Surface dense pore-free microcrystalline glass and preparation method thereof |
| WO2018000562A1 (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2018-01-04 | 美轲（广州）化学股份有限公司 | Compound zirconium silicate opacifying agent, preparation method therefor and application thereof |
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