CN113304726A - Preparation method of disinfection by-product adsorption type carbon membrane filter element, product obtained by preparation method and application of product - Google Patents
Preparation method of disinfection by-product adsorption type carbon membrane filter element, product obtained by preparation method and application of product Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
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- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4806—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of inorganic character
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/34—Organic compounds containing oxygen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/36—Organic compounds containing halogen
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a disinfection by-product adsorption type carbon membrane filter core, which takes modified activated carbon fiber powder, high-iodine-value granular activated carbon and a binder as raw materials, and comprises the following steps of (by weight portion) 400: (10-100): (10-80) mixing and molding to obtain the carbon membrane filter element. The invention also provides the application of the filter element in removing disinfection byproducts in water, in particular to chloroform. The preparation method effectively improves the removal efficiency of the filter element on the disinfection by-products in water by the combined use of the high-iodine-value granular activated carbon and the modified activated carbon fiber, particularly has the removal rate of trichloromethane not less than 78 percent, and is obviously superior to the prior similar filter elements.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to a water treatment technology, in particular to a preparation method of a disinfection by-product adsorption type carbon membrane filter element, and also relates to the filter element prepared by the method and application thereof in water treatment.
[ background of the invention ]
With the rapid development of the industry, a large amount of organic wastewater is discharged into natural water, so that the types of organic matters in the water are increased rapidly, the water quality is deteriorated, and the pollution of drinking water is caused to a certain extent. Meanwhile, most water plants adopt a chlorine disinfection method to kill bacteria in drinking water, organic matters in the water react with chlorine in the disinfection process to form disinfection byproducts such as trichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, haloacetic acid and the like, and if the disinfection byproducts cannot be removed in the subsequent water purification link, the organic pollutants can be gradually accumulated in a human body, thereby causing great harm to health.
At present, membrane separation technologies taking a reverse osmosis membrane, a nanofiltration membrane and an ultrafiltration membrane as cores are applied more in the field of household water purification, wherein the reverse osmosis membrane is most widely applied. Although the reverse osmosis membrane can effectively separate and remove bacteria, heavy metals and organic matters in water, the wastewater ratio is high in the filtering process, so that water resource waste is caused, and residual chlorine in water cannot be removed. The ultrafiltration membrane has no wastewater problem, but has poor interception precision, and cannot effectively remove harmful substances such as small molecular organic matters and the like.
Most of the prior widely applied activated carbon filter elements are formed by using powdered activated carbon and an organic adhesive, the specific surface area of the powdered activated carbon is smaller than that of activated carbon fiber, the adsorption capacity is low, and the adsorption effect on disinfection byproducts is extremely limited. During the forming process, the adhesive enters the pore channels of the active carbon to block partial pore channels, thereby further limiting the adsorption performance of the filter element. The invention uses the active carbon fiber as the main adsorbent of the filter element, and carries out surface modification on the active carbon fiber, thereby enhancing the adsorption of disinfection byproducts in water.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a new generation of carbon film filter core, which has the adsorption effect on disinfection byproducts, in particular to small molecular organic matters such as trichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, haloacetic acid and the like.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing a sterilization byproduct adsorption type carbon membrane cartridge, comprising the steps of:
(1) crushing the activated carbon fiber to 70-200 meshes, washing, filtering and drying the obtained powder for later use to obtain raw material powder;
(2) adding the raw material powder into the modified solution, uniformly mixing, placing in a flask, performing reflux modification at 60-100 ℃ for 2-12h, filtering, taking a solid phase, washing with water to neutrality, and drying for later use;
(3) 400 in parts by weight: (10-100): (10-80) mixing the product obtained in the step (2), the high-iodine-value granular activated carbon and a binder, performing suction molding in a mold under negative pressure, drying at the temperature of 100-130 ℃, and coating non-woven fabrics to obtain the carbon film filter element.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the BET specific surface area of the activated carbon fiber is 1300 to 1800m2(iv)/g, the average diameter is 5 to 15 μm. Wherein, the product with larger specific surface area is selected, such as 1500-1800 m2The/g is more beneficial to improving the adsorption capacity of the carbon membrane filter element.
The activated carbon fibers generally have a large specific surface area because the surfaces thereof have a microporous structure. Activated carbon fibers sold as commercial products are generally in the form of activated carbon fiber blankets, and therefore, it is necessary to subject them to a pulverization treatment.
In the present invention, the modifying solution is an acid solution or an alkali solution. The purpose of treating the activated carbon fiber by the modified solution is to etch the surface of the activated carbon fiber, increase the specific surface area and the surface adsorption sites, and obviously increase the adsorption capacity of the modified carbon fiber filter element.
Wherein the acid solution is dilute sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 10-40%, dilute nitric acid with the mass concentration of 5-20% or concentrated nitric acid with the mass concentration of 60-68%. When acid with lower concentration is used as the modification solution, higher reflux temperature and longer reflux time can be properly selected in the step (2) to ensure that the activated carbon fiber is fully modified. When the modification is carried out using an acid having a relatively low concentration, the reflux temperature can be appropriately lowered and the reflux time can be shortened. For example, when the modification is carried out by using dilute sulfuric acid or dilute nitric acid solution, the modification is realized by refluxing for 12h at 80 ℃, and then the filtration, the washing and the drying are carried out; when the modification is carried out by adopting concentrated nitric acid solution, the modification can be realized by refluxing for 2h at the temperature of 60 ℃, and then the modified activated carbon fiber powder is obtained by filtering, washing and drying.
According to another embodiment, the alkali solution is a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution having a mass concentration of 2 to 10% or ammonia water having a mass concentration of 15 to 25%. Similarly, when the modification is carried out by using dilute alkali solution, higher reflux temperature and longer reaction time can be matched, and when the modification is carried out by using concentrated alkali solution, the reflux temperature can be reduced and the reaction time can be shortened. For example, when the modification is carried out by using a dilute sodium hydroxide solution, the modification is realized by reacting for 12 hours under boiling conditions; when the modification is carried out by adopting a concentrated ammonia water solution, the reaction is carried out for 8 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃.
According to a preferred embodiment, step (3) further comprises a bacteriostatic material.
In the invention, the bacteriostatic material can be silver-loaded activated carbon powder, and is also crushed to 70-200 meshes. The proportion of the product obtained in the step (2), the high-iodine-value granular activated carbon, the bacteriostatic material and the binder is 400: (5-50): (5-50): (10-80). Silver-loaded activated carbon is also a commercially available product, such as silver-loaded activated carbon material sold by Jiangsu Yiqing activated carbon Co.
In the invention, the iodine value of the high-iodine-value granular activated carbon in the step (3) is 1500mg/g, and the average mesh number is 150-800 meshes. The high iodine value granular activated carbon is beneficial to supporting the internal structure of the formed carbon membrane filter element, so that the activated carbon fiber powder is not compressed too compactly in the forming and subsequent use processes. After the modified activated carbon fibers are crushed and matched, the removal rate of the filter element on the trichloromethane in the water can be further improved.
In the invention, the binder is a binder commonly used in the technical field of water purification filter elements, such as one or a mixture of several binders selected from wood fiber, pulp fiber, PVA (polyvinyl acetate) gum, VAE (polyvinyl acetate) gum, acrylic gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, guar gum and sodium alginate.
In the present invention, the steps of mixing the raw materials of the carbon membrane filter element, performing negative pressure suction molding, drying, coating a non-woven fabric in a mold at room temperature, and the like are well known to those skilled in the art, and those skilled in the art can select appropriate equipment and process to realize production according to the knowledge in the field of filter elements, and are not described herein again.
The invention also provides application of the carbon membrane filter element prepared by the preparation method in water treatment, in particular application in removing trichloromethane in water.
Experiments prove that the carbon film filter element has the effect of removing the trichloromethane, the combined use of the high-iodine-value granular activated carbon and the modified activated carbon fiber can greatly improve the removal efficiency of the filter element on disinfection byproducts in water, and particularly, the removal rate of the trichloromethane is not lower than 78 percent and is obviously superior to the existing granular activated carbon filter element and the unmodified carbon film filter element.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The following examples serve to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention without limiting it.
Example 1: pretreatment of raw materials
The activated carbon fiber blanket is crushed to 90 meshes, washed and filtered by pure water, and dried for standby. According to the commercial specification, the BET specific surface area of the activated carbon fiber blanket is 1800m2/g。
The high iodine value granular activated carbon powder is crushed to 150 meshes, washed and filtered by pure water, and dried for later use. According to the commercial specification, the iodine value of the high-iodine value granular activated carbon is 1500 mg/g.
The silver-loaded activated carbon is crushed to 90 meshes, washed and filtered by pure water, and dried for later use.
Example 2:
the activated carbon fiber of example 1 is soaked in a dilute sulfuric acid solution with the mass concentration of 15%, placed in a flask after being subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 30min, refluxed and modified at 80 ℃ for 12h, filtered, taken out of a solid phase, washed to be neutral by water and dried for later use.
Taking 400 parts by weight: 50: 50: 80, mixing the modified activated carbon fiber, the high-iodine-value granular activated carbon, the silver-loaded activated carbon and the wood fiber binder in proportion, performing suction molding at negative pressure by using a conventional production process, drying, and coating non-woven fabrics to prepare the carbon membrane filter element AC 2.
Example 3
The same procedure as in example 2 was repeated, except that in the modification of the activated carbon fibers, a dilute nitric acid solution having a mass concentration of 10% was used as the modification solution.
The resulting filter cartridge is labeled AC 3.
Example 4
The same procedure as in example 2, except that when the activated carbon fiber is modified, the modified solution is prepared by mixing the modified solution with the activated carbon fiber with 65% concentrated nitric acid by mass, performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min, then placing the mixture in a flask for reflux modification at 60 ℃ for 2h, filtering, taking a solid phase, washing the solid phase with water to be neutral, and drying the solid phase for later use.
The resulting filter cartridge is labeled AC 4.
Example 5
The same procedure as in example 2 was repeated, except that in the modification of the activated carbon fibers, diluted sodium hydroxide solution having a mass concentration of 2% was used as the modification solution, and after thorough mixing, the mixture was placed in a flask and heated to boiling, and subjected to reflux modification for 12 hours, filtration to obtain a solid phase, washing with water to neutrality, and drying for use.
The resulting filter cartridge is labeled AC 5.
Example 6
The same procedure as in example 2 was repeated, except that in the modification of the activated carbon fibers, the modification solution was prepared by mixing a 25% strength by mass aqueous ammonia solution, and then the mixture was placed in a flask and subjected to modification at 80 ℃ under reflux for 8 hours.
The resulting filter cartridge is labeled AC 6.
Comparative example 1
Taking 500 parts by weight: 80, the activated carbon fiber powder of the example 1 and the wood fiber binder are mixed in proportion, and are formed by negative pressure suction through a conventional production process, and the non-woven fabric is coated after drying, so that the common carbon membrane filter element AC0 is prepared.
Comparative example 2
Taking 400 parts by weight: 50: 50: 80, the activated carbon fiber powder, the high iodine value granular activated carbon, the silver-loaded activated carbon and the wood fiber binder of the example 1 are mixed in proportion, and are subjected to negative pressure suction molding through a conventional production process, and are coated with non-woven fabrics after being dried, so that the common carbon membrane filter element AC1 is prepared.
The carbon membrane filter element prepared in the above example was tested for the removal of chloroform from water. The test method is as follows:
preparing a raw water test solution with the trichloromethane content of 0.3ppm, respectively introducing the raw water test solution into the 6 filter elements at the pressure of 0.2MPa at the speed of 4L/min, respectively taking the produced water of each filter element after the system is stable, and determining the trichloromethane content in the produced water, wherein the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 removal efficiency of activated carbon fiber filter elements for chloroform
According to experimental results, the common active carbon filter element has certain removal capacity on trichloromethane, but cannot meet the requirements of the field of household water purification. After the high-iodine-value granular activated carbon is added into the activated carbon filter element, the removal capacity of the filter element on the trichloromethane can be properly improved. In the preparation process of the filter element, the activated carbon fiber is further modified, and after the high-iodine-value granular activated carbon is used in a matching manner, the removal rate of the carbon membrane filter element prepared by the conventional method on the trichloromethane is obviously improved, wherein when dilute nitric acid, concentrated nitric acid or dilute sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is used as a modification solution, the obtained filter element has the best performance.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the disinfection by-product adsorption type carbon membrane filter element comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the activated carbon fiber to 70-200 meshes, washing, filtering and drying the obtained powder for later use to obtain raw material powder;
(2) adding the raw material powder into the modified solution, uniformly mixing, placing in a flask, performing reflux modification at 60-100 ℃ for 2-12h, filtering, taking a solid phase, washing with water to neutrality, and drying for later use;
(3) 400 in parts by weight: (10-100): (10-80) mixing the product obtained in the step (2), the high-iodine-value granular activated carbon and a binder, performing suction molding in a mold under negative pressure, drying at the temperature of 100-130 ℃, and coating non-woven fabrics to obtain the carbon film filter element.
2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the BET specific surface area of the activated carbon fiber is 1300 to 1800m2(iv)/g, the average diameter is 5 to 15 μm.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the modifying solution is an acid solution or an alkali solution.
4. The production method according to claim 1, characterized in that the acid solution is dilute sulfuric acid having a mass concentration of 10 to 40%, dilute nitric acid having a mass concentration of 5 to 20%, or concentrated nitric acid having a mass concentration of 60 to 68%.
5. The production method according to claim 1, characterized in that the alkali solution is a 2-10% by mass aqueous sodium hydroxide solution or 15-25% by mass aqueous ammonia.
6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that step (3) further comprises a bacteriostatic material, wherein the bacteriostatic material is 70-200 mesh silver-loaded activated carbon powder, and the ratio of the product of step (2), the high iodine value granular activated carbon, the bacteriostatic material and the binder is 400: (5-50): (5-50): (10-80).
7. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the iodine value of the high-iodine value granular activated carbon in the step (3) is 1500mg/g of 1000 and the average mesh number is 800 meshes of 150.
8. Use of the carbon membrane filter element prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 7 in water treatment.
9. Use of a carbon membrane filter element prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for removing chloroform from water.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN113893877A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-07 | 北京碧水源膜科技有限公司 | Preparation method of hydrophobic composite material for efficiently adsorbing and catalytically degrading trichloromethane in water, obtained composite material and application of composite material |
| CN114130358A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-04 | 北京碧水源膜科技有限公司 | Activated carbon fiber for efficiently adsorbing smelly substances, filter element prepared from activated carbon fiber and application of activated carbon fiber |
| CN116618010A (en) * | 2023-01-18 | 2023-08-22 | 北京碧水源膜科技有限公司 | Preparation method of carbon material for removing chloroform in water, obtained carbon material and application of carbon material |
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| CN113893877A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-07 | 北京碧水源膜科技有限公司 | Preparation method of hydrophobic composite material for efficiently adsorbing and catalytically degrading trichloromethane in water, obtained composite material and application of composite material |
| CN113893877B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-06-06 | 北京碧水源膜科技有限公司 | Preparation method of hydrophobic composite material for efficiently adsorbing, catalyzing and degrading chloroform in water, obtained composite material and application of composite material |
| CN114130358A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-03-04 | 北京碧水源膜科技有限公司 | Activated carbon fiber for efficiently adsorbing smelly substances, filter element prepared from activated carbon fiber and application of activated carbon fiber |
| CN116618010A (en) * | 2023-01-18 | 2023-08-22 | 北京碧水源膜科技有限公司 | Preparation method of carbon material for removing chloroform in water, obtained carbon material and application of carbon material |
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