CN113304690B - Centrifugal hydrodynamic cavitation reactor - Google Patents
Centrifugal hydrodynamic cavitation reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113304690B CN113304690B CN202110692557.6A CN202110692557A CN113304690B CN 113304690 B CN113304690 B CN 113304690B CN 202110692557 A CN202110692557 A CN 202110692557A CN 113304690 B CN113304690 B CN 113304690B
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- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
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Abstract
The invention provides a centrifugal hydrodynamic cavitation reactor, which comprises a shell, a rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor and the stator are both positioned in the shell, the stator is fixed relative to the shell, and the rotor is rotatably arranged in the shell through a shaft; the fluid outlet is arranged on the circumferential side surface of the shell and is tangentially communicated with the shell, and the fluid inlet is arranged on one flat side surface of the shell; the stator is provided with a fluid channel penetrating through the stator, and the fluid channel corresponds to the fluid inlet; aims to overcome the defects of insignificant cavitation effect and low cavitation efficiency of the traditional hydrodynamic cavitation reactor, provides a novel centrifugal hydrodynamic cavitation reactor, can enhance the cavitation effect and increase the cavitation efficiency, and is widely applied to various industries.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fluid machinery, and particularly relates to a centrifugal hydrodynamic cavitation reactor.
Background
Hydrodynamic cavitation refers to that when a fluid flows through some hydrodynamic structures, the local pressure in the fluid is sharply reduced to be below the saturated vapor pressure in the state, so that gas dissolved in water is separated out, cavitation bubbles are generated and grow, the local pressure is recovered to be normal along with the continuous flow of the fluid, the generated cavitation bubbles are collapsed, the temperature and the pressure are rapidly increased, and various complex physical and chemical effects are generated. Compared with other cavitation modes, the hydrodynamic cavitation has higher efficiency and lower energy consumption, and the hydrodynamic cavitation can be realized under simpler and more convenient conditions in practical application, thereby having absolute advantage in the aspect of economy.
Due to the complex effect generated when the hydrodynamic cavitation bubbles are broken, the hydrodynamic cavitation bubble breaking device is applied to various occasions, such as water treatment, impact rock breaking, emulsion preparation and the like. At present, common hydrodynamic cavitation reactors (such as a venturi tube and a porous plate) have the defects of insignificant cavitation effect, low cavitation efficiency and the like, and limit the further development of the application aspect of the hydrodynamic cavitation technology.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to overcome the defects of insignificant cavitation effect and low cavitation efficiency of the traditional hydrodynamic cavitation reactor, provides a novel centrifugal hydrodynamic cavitation reactor, can enhance the cavitation effect and increase the cavitation efficiency, and is widely applied to various industries.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a centrifugal hydrodynamic cavitation reactor comprises a shell, a rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor and the stator are both positioned in the shell, the stator is fixed relative to the shell, the rotor is rotatably arranged in the shell through a shaft, and the stator and the rotor are arranged in a face-to-face mode; the fluid outlet is arranged on the circumferential side surface of the shell and is tangentially communicated with the shell, and the fluid inlet is arranged on one flat side surface of the shell; the stator is provided with a fluid passage penetrating the stator, the fluid passage corresponding to the fluid inlet so that fluid flows from the fluid inlet into a gap between the rotor and the stator. The stator is of a disc type solid structure, a hollow fluid channel is arranged in the center of the stator and is used for fluid to pass through, and a plurality of rotor holes which are not penetrated are formed in the surface, facing the rotor, of the stator. The rotor comprises wheel hub and a plurality of blade, and the rotor form is half open, the blade is attached to wheel hub, the internal face of wheel hub and shell is close to, sets up a plurality of rotor holes on every blade, the rotor hole also is blind hole formula structure, and the rotor hole on the blade corresponds the distribution with the stator hole on the stator. The rotor is connected with a motor through a shaft, and the motor drives the rotor to operate. Fluid enters from the axial direction and is radially thrown out by the rotation of the rotor after the hydrodynamic cavitation reaction.
In the invention, the number of the stator holes arranged on the stator is not less than 24, the diameter of the holes is not more than 5mm, the depth of the holes is not less than 15mm, and the stator holes are distributed on the stator in the arrangement modes of uniform distribution, radiation distribution or annular distribution and the like.
In the invention, each blade of the rotor is provided with at least two rotor holes, the diameter of each rotor hole is not more than 5mm, and the depth is not less than 5mm.
The rotor hole is a cylindrical blind hole, a quincunx blind hole or a blind hole with other cross-sectional shapes; preferably, the rotor bore and the stator bore may also be provided individually as a venturi-like structure, or the rotor bore and the stator bore together may form a venturi-like structure when rotated to coincide with the stator bore opening.
The structure of the hydrodynamic cavitation reactor of the invention ensures that the fluid forms a strong cavitation field in the hydrodynamic cavitation reactor. On the one hand, the rotor rotation creates hydrodynamic cavitation at the inlet and back of the rotor. On the other hand, the blind holes on the rotor and the stator are influenced by the shearing action of the fluid, strong shearing cavitation is generated, and when the rotor blind hole corresponds to the stator blind hole, a flow channel is formed, cavitation bubbles are promoted to be generated, and the cavitation is intensified. When the cavitation bubbles collapse, a large amount of energy is released to form a local high-temperature and high-pressure environment, and certain chemical bonds among molecules can be opened by utilizing the environment, so that certain chemical reactions which are difficult to occur under normal conditions occur.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the centrifugal hydrodynamic cavitation reactor is simple to operate, high in energy utilization rate, low in cost, wide in application range, suitable for most of the existing hydrodynamic cavitation devices and easy to realize large-scale production;
2. the structure module is easy to replace and simple to maintain, relative moving parts are few, no fragile parts exist, the failure rate is low, and the service life is long;
3. the shearing cavitation effect is provided by the shearing force of the blades, the structural design of the stator hole and the rotor hole increases the pressure intensity reduction range after the fluid enters the stator hole and the rotor hole to form jet flow, so that the cavitation effect is easier to occur, the requirement on the flow velocity of the formed jet flow is relatively reduced, and the overall performance of the cavitation reactor is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the centrifugal hydrodynamic cavitation reactor of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the rotor structure of the cavitation reactor of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the stator structure of the cavitation reactor of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the configuration of the housing profile of the cavitation reactor of the present invention;
in the figure, 1, a fluid outlet, 2, a rotor, 3, a shaft, 4, a rotor hole, 5, a hub, 6, a shell, 7, a fluid inlet, 8, a stator and 9, a stator hole.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
The present invention is described in detail with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention.
Referring to the drawings, the structures, the proportions, the sizes, and the like shown in the drawings are only used for matching the disclosure of the present invention, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used for limiting the limit conditions of the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modification, proportion relationship change, or size adjustment shall still fall within the scope of the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention. Meanwhile, the positional limitation terms used in the present specification are for clarity of description only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or modifications of the relative relationship therebetween may be regarded as the scope of the present invention without substantial changes in the technical content.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a centrifugal hydrodynamic cavitation reactor of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the centrifugal hydrodynamic cavitation reactor of the present invention comprises a housing 6, a rotor 2, a stator 8, a fluid outlet 1 and a fluid inlet 7, wherein the stator 8 is fixedly arranged inside the housing 6, the rotor 2 is rotatably arranged inside the housing 6 through a shaft 3, and the stator 8 and the rotor 2 are arranged in a face-to-face manner; the fluid outlet 1 and the fluid inlet 7 are arranged on the housing 6. As shown in fig. 4, which is a schematic diagram of the outline structure of the housing of the cavitation reactor of the present invention, the housing 6 is a volute structure, and is composed of a circumferential side and two flat sides, the fluid outlet 1 is arranged on the circumferential side of the housing 6 and tangentially communicates with the housing 6, and the fluid inlet 7 is arranged on the flat side of the housing 6; the other flat side of axle 3 through shell 6 is connected with drive structure, for example motor etc. drives through axle 3 rotor 2 rotates in shell 6 is inside.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor of the cavitation reactor of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the rotor 2 is a semi-open impeller structure, and includes a plurality of blades, the blades are attached to a hub 5, the hub 5 is adjacent to an inner wall surface of a housing 6, preferably, a rotating bearing is disposed between the hub 5 and the inner wall surface of the housing 6, and the number of the blades is not less than three. Each blade is provided with a plurality of rotor holes 4, the rotor holes 4 are blind holes, such as cylindrical blind holes, quincunx blind holes or blind holes with other cross-sectional shapes, the aperture of each rotor hole 4 is not more than 5mm, and the depth is not less than 5mm. In the embodiment given in fig. 2, the number of the vanes is three, and the number of the rotor holes 4 on each vane is two, which can adjust the number of the vanes and the rotor holes 4 to be adapted according to the size of the cavitation reactor and the size of the treatment amount. Set up rotor hole 4 on the blade, when the rotor is rotatory, not only can produce the shearing force and provide shearing cavitation, rotor hole 4's existence moreover for the fluid forms the efflux, and the velocity of flow increases, and pressure reduces, has further strengthened the cavitation effect.
As shown in fig. 3, which is a schematic diagram of the stator structure of the cavitation reactor of the present invention, the stator 8 is a disk-type structure, and is fixedly installed inside the volute-type housing 6 and fixedly installed on the flat side surface of the housing 6 where the fluid inlet 7 is located, and the stator 8 is provided with a fluid channel penetrating through the stator 8, and the fluid channel corresponds to the position of the fluid inlet 7, so that the fluid to be cavitated flows from the fluid inlet 7 into the gap between the rotor 2 and the stator 8; the side of the flat side of the stator 8 facing away from the housing 6, on which the fluid inlet 7 is arranged, is provided with a plurality of stator holes 9, the stator holes 9 are also blind holes, the cross-sectional shape of which is preferably a cylindrical blind hole, corresponding to the rotor hole 4, and can also be blind holes with other cross-sectional shapes such as quincunx, triangle and the like. The stator holes 9 are distributed on the side face of the stator 8 facing the rotor 2, the aperture of each stator hole 9 is not larger than 5mm, the depth of each stator hole 9 is not smaller than 15mm, and specifically, the stator holes 9 are distributed on the stator 8 in an evenly distributed, radiation distributed or annular distributed arrangement mode.
In another embodiment (not shown), the stator holes 9 and the rotor holes 4 are venturi-shaped blind holes, that is, the waists of the stator holes 9 and the rotor holes 4 have a waist with a streamlined inner contraction, and the diameter of the waist is less than two-thirds of the maximum diameter of the blind holes. After the fluid enters the stator hole 9 and the rotor hole 4 to form jet flow, the pressure intensity is reduced and the pressure intensity is increased, so that the cavitation effect is easier to occur, the requirement on the flow velocity of the formed jet flow is relatively reduced, and the overall performance of the cavitation reactor is improved.
In another embodiment (not shown), the stator hole 9 and the rotor hole 4 are both approximately conical blind holes, and the bottom hole diameter of the blind hole is larger than that of the opening, so that when the rotor hole 4 rotates with the blade to coincide and correspond to the stator hole 9, the rotor hole 4 and the stator hole 9 integrally form a venturi-shaped structure, that is, a contracted flow channel is formed at the contact part of the rotor and the stator, and the jet flow is depressurized and accelerated.
The mechanism of action of the centrifugal cavitation reactor of the present invention is described below with reference to FIGS. 1-4 as follows: fluid enters the reactor through the fluid inlet 7, enters a surface gap between the stator 8 and the rotor 2 through a fluid channel in the stator 8, rotates, shears and cavitates through the rotor 2, and enters blind holes in the stator and the rotor to form jet flow, the flow rate is increased, the pressure is reduced, and the time-space transformation is generated when the pressure is reduced to be below saturated vapor pressure. The shapes of the rotor holes 4 and the stator holes 9 are designed to have an additional influence on the cavitation effect, for example, in the special embodiment (third embodiment) described above, when the blind holes of the rotor 2 correspond to the blind holes of the stator 8, a contracted flow passage is formed, the venturi effect reduces the pressure and increases the speed, and the cavitation is promoted to occur. Meanwhile, the rotor rotates at a high speed to generate shearing force, so that shearing cavitation is generated, and the cavitation effect is further enhanced. Through the cavitation of various forms, various physical and chemical effects are formed, a high-temperature and high-pressure environment is generated, and the chemical bonds among molecules can be opened by utilizing the environment, so that chemical reactions which are difficult to occur under normal conditions are realized, and the application effect is achieved.
While the embodiments of the invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not limited to the scope of the invention, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications in equivalent structure and equivalent flow of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and it is within the scope of the invention that the invention may be applied to other related fields directly or indirectly.
Claims (8)
1. A centrifugal hydrodynamic cavitation reactor is characterized by comprising a shell, a rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor and the stator are both positioned in the shell, the stator is fixed relative to the shell, the rotor is rotatably arranged in the shell through a shaft, and the stator and the rotor are arranged in a face-to-face manner; the fluid inlet is arranged on one flat side surface of the shell; the stator is provided with a fluid passage penetrating through the stator, and the fluid passage corresponds to the fluid inlet so that fluid flows from the fluid inlet into a gap between the rotor and the stator;
the rotor is of a semi-open type impeller structure and comprises a plurality of blades, the blades are attached to a hub, the hub is close to the inner wall surface of the shell, a plurality of rotor holes are formed in the side surface, opposite to the stator, of each blade, and the rotor holes are blind holes;
the stator is of a disc type structure and is fixedly installed inside the volute type shell and attached to the flat side face, provided with the fluid inlet, of the shell, a plurality of stator holes are formed in the side face, deviating from the flat side face, provided with the fluid inlet, of the stator, and the stator holes are also blind holes.
2. The cavitation reactor of claim 1, further characterized in that each rotor bore has a bore diameter no greater than 5mm and a depth no less than 5mm.
3. The cavitation reactor as recited in claim 2, further characterized in that the rotor bore is a cylindrical blind bore, a quincunx blind bore, or a blind bore of other cross-sectional shape.
4. The cavitation reactor of claim 1, further characterized in that the stator holes have a bore diameter of no more than 5mm and a depth of no less than 15mm.
5. The cavitation reactor of claim 4, further characterized in that the stator holes are distributed on the stator in a uniformly distributed, radially distributed, or annularly distributed arrangement.
6. The cavitation reactor as recited in claim 1, further characterized in that the waists of the stator bore and rotor bore are each configured as a streamlined, necked-in waist such that the stator bore and rotor bore are each formed as a venturi-like blind bore, the diameter of the waists being less than two-thirds of the maximum bore diameter of the blind bore.
7. The cavitation reactor as recited in claim 1, further characterized in that the stator bore and the rotor bore are both blind holes that are approximately conical, and the bottom of the blind holes has a larger diameter than the opening, so that the rotor bore and the stator bore integrally form a venturi-like structure when the rotor bore rotates with the blades to coincide with and correspond to the stator bore.
8. The cavitation reactor of claim 1, further characterized in that the shaft extends out of the other flat side of the housing and is connected to a drive structure that drives the rotor to rotate inside the housing via the shaft.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110692557.6A CN113304690B (en) | 2021-06-22 | 2021-06-22 | Centrifugal hydrodynamic cavitation reactor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110692557.6A CN113304690B (en) | 2021-06-22 | 2021-06-22 | Centrifugal hydrodynamic cavitation reactor |
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| CN113304690A CN113304690A (en) | 2021-08-27 |
| CN113304690B true CN113304690B (en) | 2023-01-17 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114029015B (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2023-03-17 | 山东建筑大学 | Rotor-radial gap type hydrodynamic cavitation reactor |
| CN114057367A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-02-18 | 浙江大学 | Hydrodynamic cavitation sludge degradation device and sludge degradation system |
| CN114804290B (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2023-02-17 | 江苏大学 | Two-stage cavitation generator for organic sewage treatment |
| CN115215409B (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2023-06-16 | 江苏大学镇江流体工程装备技术研究院 | Centrifugal two-stage cavitation generator |
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| WO2016106175A1 (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-06-30 | Arisdyne Systems, Inc. | Device for cavitational mixing |
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| RU2591974C1 (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2016-07-20 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Кемеровский технологический институт пищевой промышленности" | Rotor-pulsation apparatus |
| CN106925147A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-07-07 | 北京尤里卡兰超声空泡技术有限公司 | A kind of fluid dynamic rotator type cavitation device |
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