CN113300656A

CN113300656A - Winding wiring state switching system of motor and electric equipment

Info

Publication number: CN113300656A
Application number: CN202011148993.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Beijing 66 Interactive Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing 66 Interactive Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-02-21
Filing date: 2020-10-23
Publication date: 2021-08-24
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-23
Also published as: CN112260610A; CN112468054A; CN112290852A; CN113300657B; CN113300658A; CN112311296A; CN113300657A; CN112367000A; CN112511069B; CN112511069A; CN112468054B; CN112311295A; CN112311296B; CN112290852B; CN111147000A; CN112367000B; CN113300659A; CN214125189U; CN113300656B

Abstract

The application provides a winding wiring state switched systems and electrical equipment of motor, and the system includes: the winding switching module is connected with a winding of the motor and used for switching the winding wiring state of the motor; the driving control module is communicated with the winding switching module through a switching signal wire, the driving control module is communicated with the motor through a position signal wire, the driving control module is connected with a winding of the motor through a phase wire, the driving control module outputs a winding state control signal to the winding switching module through the switching signal wire so as to control the winding wiring state of the motor, the driving control module acquires a position signal of the motor winding through the position signal wire, and drives the motor through the phase wire according to the position signal of the motor winding, therefore, the driving of the motor and the switching of the winding wiring state of the motor are realized, and further the speed of the motor is expanded.

Description

Winding wiring state switching system of motor and electric equipment

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a winding wiring state switching system of a motor and electric equipment.

Background

Related electric products mostly use permanent magnet synchronous motors or brushless motors as power motors. The motor adopts permanent magnet excitation, the magnetic potential of the excitation is difficult to change, and the counter electromotive force of the motor is higher when the speed is higher, so that the possibility of further speed expansion of the motor is limited.

Content of application

The present application is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.

Therefore, a first objective of the present application is to provide a winding connection state switching system of a motor, so as to realize switching of a winding connection state of the motor, and further realize speed expansion of the motor.

A second object of the present application is to propose an electrically powered device.

To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a winding wiring state switching system for an electric machine, including: the winding switching module is connected with a winding of the motor and used for switching the winding wiring state of the motor; the driving control module is communicated with the winding switching module through a switching signal wire, the driving control module is communicated with the motor through a position signal wire, the driving control module is connected with a winding of the motor through a phase wire, the driving control module outputs a winding state control signal to the winding switching module through the switching signal wire so as to control the winding wiring state of the motor, and the driving control module acquires a position signal of the motor winding through the position signal wire and drives the motor through the phase wire according to the position signal of the motor winding.

According to the winding wiring state switching system of the motor, the drive control module outputs the winding state control signal to the winding switching module through the switching signal line so as to control the winding wiring state of the motor, the drive control module obtains the position signal of the motor winding through the position signal line and drives the motor through the phase line according to the position signal of the motor winding, and therefore the driving of the motor and the switching of the wiring state of the motor winding are achieved, and further the speed expansion of the motor is achieved.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the winding switching module is further configured to feed back a switching result signal to the driving control module after switching.

According to an embodiment of the application, the motor is provided with a position sensor, the drive control module passes through the position signal line obtains the position signal of a position sensor output, and according to the current winding wiring state of motor position signal and the target mapping relation under the current winding wiring state, confirm the actual position of motor winding, and according to the actual position of motor winding passes through the phase line drive the motor, wherein, the target mapping relation is used for instructing under the current winding wiring state position signal with the corresponding relation between the actual position of motor.

According to one embodiment of the application, when the motor windings are in a winding wiring state of one of star connection and angle connection, the position signals output by the position sensors correspond to the actual position of the motor; and when the motor winding is in a star connection or angular connection state, the difference between the actual position of the motor and the position signal output by the position sensor is a preset deviation adjustment angle.

According to one embodiment of the application, when the motor windings are in a winding connection state of one of star connection and angle connection, a zero offset angle is formed between the actual position of the motor and the position signal output by the position sensor; and when the motor winding is in a star connection or angular connection state, the difference between the actual position of the motor and the position signal output by the position sensor is a target deviation angle, wherein the target deviation angle is determined based on the zero deviation angle and a preset deviation adjusting angle.

According to an embodiment of the application, the motor is provided with first position sensor and second position sensor, first position sensor is located detection position when motor winding is the star connection, second position sensor is located detection position when motor winding is the angular form connection, drive control module basis the current winding wiring state of motor is selected first position signal with one in the second position signal is regarded as the actual position signal that current winding wiring state corresponds, and the basis actual position signal passes through the phase line drive the motor.

According to one embodiment of the application, the system is used for the electric equipment, and the driving control module is used for acquiring working condition information of the electric equipment and generating a winding switching instruction according to the working condition information of the electric equipment.

According to an embodiment of the application, the driving control module is further configured to obtain a current rotating speed of a motor, and generate the winding switching instruction according to the current rotating speed and a switching rotating speed of the motor.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the winding wiring state switching system of the motor further includes a power module, and the power module is configured to supply power to the driving control module and/or the winding switching module.

To achieve the above object, an embodiment of a second aspect of the present application provides an electric device, including a winding connection state switching system of an electric machine according to an embodiment of the first aspect.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.

Drawings

The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is an open schematic view of a winding wiring state switching system of an electric machine according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the unwinding of the winding wiring state switching system of the motor according to one embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the unwinding of the winding wiring state switching system of the motor according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the unwinding of the winding wiring state switching system of the motor according to yet another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a first schematic diagram of a switching device for switching an operating state of a winding of a motor according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a switching device for switching an operating state of a winding of a motor according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a motor winding provided by an embodiment of the present application in a star connection state;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a motor winding in an angular connection state according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 9 is a second schematic diagram of a switching device for switching an operating state of a winding of a motor according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a circuit diagram of a star driver circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a circuit diagram of a first electronic switch provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a circuit diagram of an angular driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a circuit diagram of a second electronic switch provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a circuit diagram of an isolated switching power supply according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is a circuit diagram of an arc extinguishing device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of an external 84V power supply according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 17 is a schematic interface circuit diagram of a switching device for switching an operating state of a winding of a motor according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 18 is a schematic circuit diagram of a switching device for switching an operating state of a motor winding according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 19 is a first graph of measurement results of an oscilloscope in a circuit principle simulation diagram of a switching device for a motor winding working state according to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application;

fig. 20 is a second graph of measurement results of an oscilloscope in a circuit principle simulation diagram of the switching device for the operating state of the motor winding provided in the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

A winding wiring state switching system of a motor and an electric device having the same proposed by an embodiment of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the winding connection state switching system according to the embodiment of the present application may be applied to electric vehicles such as an electric scooter, an electric bicycle, a power-assisted scooter, a power-assisted bicycle, a balance car, an electric automobile, an electric motorcycle, and the like, and may also be applied to electric toys such as an electric kart and the like.

Fig. 1 is a block schematic diagram of a winding wiring state switching system of an electric machine according to one embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the winding wiring state switching system of the motor includes: a winding switching module 20 and a drive control module 30.

The winding switching module 20 is connected with the winding of the motor 214, and the winding switching module 20 is used for switching the winding wiring state of the motor 214; the driving control module 30 communicates with the winding switching module 20 through a switching signal line Ls, the driving control module 30 communicates with the motor 214 through a position signal line Lp, the driving control module 30 is connected with the winding of the motor 214 through a phase line, the driving control module 30 outputs a winding state control signal (i.e., a winding switching instruction) to the winding switching module 20 through the switching signal line Ls to control the winding wiring state of the motor 214, and the driving control module 30 obtains a position signal of the motor winding through the position signal line Lp and drives the motor 214 through the phase line according to the position signal of the motor winding.

Therefore, the driving control module 30 can realize the switching control of the winding wiring state and the driving of the motor 214; the winding switching module 20 receives a winding switching instruction of the driving control module 30 and switches the motor winding to a corresponding winding wiring state.

As an example, the driving control module 30 in the embodiment of the present application includes a controller for driving the motor, and the embodiment of the present application may implement the function of the current switching system by only making a software-level change in the controller without changing the structure of the controller. Further, the winding switching module 20 in the embodiment of the present application may be a hardware unit independent from the controller.

Further, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the winding wiring state switching system of the motor further includes: and the power supply module 40, wherein the power supply module 40 is used for supplying power to the drive control module 30 and/or the winding switching module 20.

In an embodiment of the present application, the motor 214 is provided with a position sensor, the driving control module 30 obtains a position signal output by the position sensor through a position signal line, determines an actual position of a winding of the motor according to a current winding wiring state of the motor, the position signal and a target mapping relationship in the current winding wiring state, and drives the motor 214 through a phase line according to the actual position of the winding of the motor, where the target mapping relationship is used to indicate a corresponding relationship between the position signal in the current winding wiring state and the actual position of the motor.

The position signal output by the position sensor may be used to indicate the angle of view of the position sensor, i.e., the angle actually observed by the position sensor.

It will be appreciated that the motor may have a plurality of winding wiring states, which may be switched between, each winding wiring state having a corresponding target mapping to indicate a correspondence between the position signal observed by the position sensor and the actual position of the motor.

For example, the winding wiring states of the motor may include an angular connection and a star connection, where a corresponding relationship between the position signal of the position sensor under the star connection and the actual position of the motor is different from a corresponding relationship between the position observation signal of the position sensor under the angular connection and the actual position signal of the motor, and therefore, the actual electrical angles of the motor under different winding wiring states can be obtained by using different target mapping relationships.

The same position sensor is used in various winding wiring states, position signals of the position sensor are processed according to various different target mapping relations, actual positions of the motor in various winding wiring states can be obtained, and then the motor can be controlled according to the actual positions of the motor.

Therefore, position detection under different winding wiring devices is realized through one position sensor, and the cost of position detection is effectively reduced.

Specifically, when the motor winding is in a winding wiring state of star connection or angle connection, the position signal output by the position sensor corresponds to the actual position of the motor; and when the motor winding is in a star connection or angular connection state, the difference between the actual position of the motor and the position signal output by the position sensor is a preset deviation adjusting angle. Wherein the preset deviation adjustment angle may be 30 °.

Or when the motor winding is in a winding wiring state of star connection or angle connection, the difference between the actual position of the motor and the position signal output by the position sensor is a zero deviation angle; and when the motor winding is in a star connection or angle connection state, the difference between the actual position of the motor and the position signal output by the position sensor is a target deviation angle, wherein the target deviation angle is determined based on the zero deviation angle and a preset deviation adjusting angle. Wherein the preset deviation adjustment angle may be 30 °.

It should be noted that, because the zero position of the position sensor may be deviated due to an installation error, the zero position deviation angle of the position sensor may be calculated to correct the zero position of the position sensor, and further, the zero position deviation angle of the position sensor may be considered each time the actual position of the motor, that is, the actual electrical angle, is determined according to the position signal of the position sensor.

Therefore, the same position sensor is used in the two winding wiring states, the position signals of the position sensor are adjusted respectively in the two modes, the two adjusted position signals respectively correspond to the accurate positions of the motor in the two different winding wiring states, and the cost of position detection can be reduced while the speed of the motor is increased.

In another embodiment of the present application, the motor 214 may be provided with a first position sensor and a second position sensor, the first position sensor is located at a detection position when the motor windings are connected in a star shape, the second position sensor is located at a detection position when the motor windings are connected in an angle shape, and the driving control module 30 selects one of the first position signal and the second position signal as an actual position corresponding to a current winding wiring state according to the current winding wiring state of the motor, and drives the motor 214 through the phase line according to the actual position.

That is to say, can set up two position sensor respectively, the accurate position of motor under two kinds of different winding wiring states is corresponded respectively to two kinds of position sensor's position signal, selects corresponding position signal in order to regard as the actual position of motor winding according to winding wiring state to can also accurate motor winding's position when realizing the motor speed expansion.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the driving control module 30 is configured to generate and output a winding switching instruction, where the winding switching instruction includes a target winding wiring state; the winding switching module 20 is configured to receive a winding switching instruction and switch the winding connection state of the motor 214 to a target winding connection state corresponding to the switching instruction.

As one example, the winding wiring states include star connection and angle connection. Switching the winding wiring state of the motor 214 to the target winding wiring state corresponding to the switching instruction may include controlling the winding wiring state of the motor to switch from star connection to angular connection, or controlling the winding wiring state of the motor to switch from angular connection to star connection.

In addition, the winding switching module 20 is further configured to feed back a switching result signal to the driving control module 30 after switching according to the winding switching instruction.

That is, after the winding switching module 20 executes the winding switching instruction, the switching result signal is also fed back to the drive control module 30 according to the execution result, for example, if the winding wiring state of the motor 214 is successfully switched to the target winding wiring state, the switching success signal is fed back to the drive control module 30; if the winding wiring state of the motor 214 is not switched to the target winding wiring state, a switching failure signal is fed back to the drive control module 30, so that the drive control module 30 can know the switching result for subsequent control.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the winding connection state switching system of the motor may be used for an electric device, and the driving control module 30 is configured to obtain operating condition information of the electric device and generate a winding switching instruction according to the operating condition information of the electric device.

It should be understood that the driving control module 30 may determine the current working condition of the electric device to obtain the working condition information of the electric device, when the current working condition of the electric device meets the switching condition, send a winding switching instruction to the winding switching module 20, and after receiving the winding switching instruction of the driving control module 30, the winding switching module 20 switches the motor winding to a corresponding state (star connection or angular connection), and returns the switched result to the driving control module 30.

Specifically, the driving control module 30 is configured to determine that the windings of the control motor 214 are connected in a star shape when the electric device is in the low-speed operation condition, and determine that the windings of the control motor 214 are connected in an angle shape when the electric device is in the high-speed operation condition. For example, when the speed of the electric device is less than a preset speed threshold, the electric device is determined to be in a low-speed operation condition, and when the speed of the electric device is greater than or equal to the preset speed threshold, the electric device is determined to be in a high-speed operation condition.

The driving control module 30 is configured to determine that the windings of the control motor 214 are connected in a star shape when the electric device is in the climbing operation condition. For example, when the electric device detects that the electric device is on a slope, the electric device is determined to be in a climbing operation condition.

It should be understood that the driving control module 30 can control the windings of the motor 214 to be star-connected when the electric device is in the low-speed operation condition or the climbing operation condition, and at this time, the motor operates at a low speed, and outputs a larger torque on the premise of the limitation of the inverter driving current of the motor, thereby enhancing the climbing performance of the product. The drive control module 30 can control the winding of the motor 214 to be connected in an angle shape when the electric device is in a high-speed operation condition, and the motor works at a higher rotating speed on the premise of the limitation of the inverter drive current of the motor, so that the upper limit speed of the product is increased.

According to another embodiment of the present application, the driving control module 30 is further configured to obtain a current rotation speed of the motor 214, and generate a winding switching command according to the current rotation speed and the switching rotation speed of the motor 214.

As one example, the drive control module 30 may acquire the current rotational speed of the motor 214 in real time or at preset sampling times.

Specifically, the switching speeds include a first switching speed and a second switching speed, and the driving control module 30 is further configured to determine that the windings of the control motor are connected in an angular shape when the current speed of the motor 214 increases to the first switching speed, and determine that the windings of the control motor are connected in a star shape when the current speed of the motor decreases to the second switching speed, where the second switching speed is less than the first switching speed.

That is, the first switching rotation speed is a switching rotation speed at which the star connection is switched to the angular connection, and the second switching rotation speed is a switching rotation speed at which the angular connection is switched to the star connection, and the second switching rotation speed is slightly smaller than the first switching rotation speed.

More specifically, upon start-up of the motor 214, the drive control module 30 controls the windings of the motor 214 to be star-connected. In the motor operation process, the drive control module 30 obtains the current rotating speed of the motor 214 in real time, when the current rotating speed of the motor 214 rises and rises to the first switching rotating speed, it is determined that the motor 214 is in a high-speed state, and at this time, the drive control module 30 controls the winding wiring state of the motor 214 to be switched from star connection to angular connection, so that the speed regulation range of the motor is widened, and the motor can reach higher speed. Thereafter, when the current rotation speed of the motor 214 decreases and decreases to a second switching rotation speed, that is, a difference between the first switching rotation speed and the preset backlash rotation speed, it is determined that the motor 214 is in a low-speed state, and at this time, the drive control module 30 controls the winding wiring state of the motor 214 to be switched from the angular connection to the star connection, so that the motor 214 can output a larger torque.

In some embodiments, the first switching speed is less than the highest idling speed of the electric machine when the windings of the electric machine are star-connected. The maximum idling rotation speed of the motor is the idling rotation speed reached by the motor 214 when the counter electromotive force of the motor is equal to the bus voltage of the motor.

Therefore, the first switching rotating speed is set to be smaller than the highest no-load rotating speed of the motor in star connection, and the winding wiring state of the motor is controlled to be switched based on the current rotating speed of the motor and the first switching rotating speed, so that the method can ensure the smooth switching of the winding wiring state of the motor, and the speed expansion of the motor is realized. Compared with the scheme of speed expansion through weak magnetism, the method has the advantages of high motor operation efficiency, small torque pulsation and high safety performance.

According to some embodiments of the present application, the first switching speed may be a difference between a highest no-load speed at which the motor windings are star-connected and a first speed threshold, wherein the first speed threshold is greater than zero.

It will be appreciated that, assuming that the maximum no-load rotation speed of the electric machine in the star connection is Nmax, when the rotation speed of the electric machine reaches the maximum no-load rotation speed Nmax, the back emf of the electric machine is equal to the bus voltage Vpp of the electric machine due to voltage limitations, at which point the electric machine will not be able to output torque externally, in order to ensure that the electric machine switches smoothly from star to angular contact, the first switching rotation speed is set to be less than Nmax, so that the torque is provided with a fraction of a fixed slip, for example, the first rotation speed threshold Nsave, i.e. the first switching rotation speed may be Nmax-Nsave.

According to some embodiments of the present application, the first switching speed may be a predetermined fixed speed, or the highest no-load speed of the motor when the motor windings are in star connection is determined based on the current bus voltage of the motor, and the first switching speed may be calculated according to the current bus voltage of the motor.

According to one embodiment of the present application, the drive control module 30 may determine the current maximum no-load speed of the motor at the wye connection by the following equation:

Nmax＝Vpp*K,

wherein Nmax is the current highest no-load rotation speed of the motor in star connection, Vpp is the current bus voltage of the motor, and K is the motor no-load rotation speed corresponding to the unit bus voltage under the maximum output of the motor controller.

That is, when it is determined that the maximum no-load rotation speed needs to be calculated, the drive control module 30 may calculate the current maximum no-load rotation speed Nmax of the motor in the star connection through the calculation formula Vpp × K, so that the maximum no-load rotation speed Nmax corresponding to the current bus voltage can be accurately calculated, and it is ensured that the winding connection state is switched at the preferred switching point.

According to another embodiment of the present application, the driving control module 30 may determine the current highest idling speed of the motor in the star connection through a preset relationship table, wherein the preset relationship table is used for indicating the correspondence between the plurality of bus voltage zones and the plurality of highest idling speeds, respectively.

That is, the driving control module 30 may preset a corresponding relationship between a plurality of bus voltage intervals and a plurality of maximum no-load rotation speeds, for example, a plurality of points are taken at equal intervals on a curve corresponding to the above formula Nmax ═ Vpp × K (for example, the maximum rotation speed corresponding to the voltage interval of U1 to U1+ Δ U is U1/K), and then, according to the corresponding relationship, a voltage interval to which the current bus voltage of the motor belongs is determined, and further, the current maximum no-load rotation speed of the motor in the star connection is determined.

Therefore, dynamic adjustment of the switching rotating speed is realized, the maximum no-load rotating speed Nmax corresponding to the current bus voltage can be accurately calculated, and the winding wiring state is ensured to be switched at a better switching point.

In other embodiments of the present application, the driving control module 30 may further consider a counter electromotive force coefficient of the motor, and calculate the maximum no-load rotation speed Nmax corresponding to the current bus voltage in real time according to the counter electromotive force coefficient of the motor and the current bus voltage Vpp.

It is understood that when the current maximum idling speed Nmax of the electric machine in the star connection is determined, a first switching speed may be set to a speed lower than Nmax, for example the first switching speed may be Nmax — Nsave.

The following describes in detail a specific implementation architecture of the winding wiring state switching system of the motor according to the embodiment of the present application.

As shown in fig. 2-3, the motor 214 has windings and two terminals from each phase winding. Specifically, the motor 214 may have three-phase windings (e.g., a-phase winding, B-phase winding, and C-phase winding) from which six terminals are drawn in total, e.g., terminals a1 and a2 may be drawn from the ends of the a-phase winding, terminals B1 and B2 may be drawn from the ends of the B-phase winding, and terminals C1 and C2 may be drawn from the ends of the C-phase winding, respectively. The windings of the motor 214 may be disposed inside the housing and the terminals leading from each phase winding may be disposed on or outside the housing, thereby facilitating connection of the windings to the outside and facilitating changing the wiring state of the motor windings.

The winding switching module 20 is connected to two terminals led out from each phase winding through a first group of phase lines L1, respectively. It will be appreciated that the winding switching module 20 connects the two terminals exiting from each phase winding, for example, to six terminals via six phase lines, thereby facilitating the winding switching module to change the wiring state of the motor windings.

The driving control module 30 is communicatively connected to the winding switching module 20 through a switching signal line Ls. Specifically, the driving control module 30 may transmit a winding switching instruction to the winding switching module 20 through the switching signal line Ls to control the winding switching module 20 to set the winding wiring state of the motor, for example, to set the motor in an angular connection or a star connection. In addition, the winding switching module 20 may also feed back a switching result signal, such as a switching success signal or a switching failure signal, to the driving control module 30 through the switching signal line Ls, so as to facilitate the driving control module to know the switching result.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, the driving control module 30 may be communicatively connected to the motor 214 through a position signal line Lp, and the driving control module 30 is further connected to any one of terminals corresponding to each phase winding of the motor. The driving control module 30 may obtain a position signal of the motor winding, such as an electrical angle of the motor winding, through the position signal line Lp, and drive the operation of the motor according to the position signal of the motor winding.

As one example, the drive control module 30 includes: a drive unit and a control unit. The driving unit is connected with any one of the terminals corresponding to each phase of winding of the motor; the control unit is connected to the drive unit and communicates with the motor 214 via a position signal line Lp and with the winding switching module 20 via a switching signal line Ls. That is, the control unit may obtain the position signal of the motor winding through the position signal line Lp and drive the operation of the motor through the driving unit according to the position signal of the motor winding, and the control unit may also transmit a winding switching instruction to the winding switching module 20 through the switching signal line Ls to control the winding switching module 20 to set the wiring state of the motor winding.

For example, according to the example of fig. 5-8, the drive unit may comprise the drive circuit 10 and the control unit may comprise a controller or motor controller 215.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the drive control module 30 is directly connected to any one of the terminals corresponding to each phase winding of the motor through the second phase line L2, or, as shown in fig. 2, the winding switching module 20 connects any one of the terminals corresponding to each phase winding of the motor 214 to the drive control module 30 through the third phase line L3.

As a specific example, the motor 214 has three-phase windings and six terminals leading from the three-phase windings, the first end of an A-phase winding in the three-phase winding is connected with a first terminal A1, the second end of the A-phase winding is connected with a second terminal A2, the first end of a B-phase winding in the three-phase winding is connected with a third terminal B1, the second end of the B-phase winding is connected with a fourth terminal B2, the first end of a C-phase winding in the three-phase winding is connected with a fifth terminal C1, the second end of the C-phase winding is connected with a sixth terminal C2, the winding switching module 20 is connected with six terminals A1, A2, B1, B2, C1 and C2 through a first group of phase lines, and the drive control module 30 is connected with one of the first terminal A1 and the second terminal A2, one of the third terminal B1 and the fourth terminal B2, and one of the fifth terminal C1 and the sixth terminal C2.

That is to say, six phase lines and one position signal line are led out of the motor 214, the six phase lines are respectively connected with six terminals a1, a2, B1, B2, C1 and C2, wherein a1 and a2 are taps at two ends of the same-phase winding of the motor, and the other two phases are the same. The six phase lines of the motor 214 are connected to the winding switching module 20 so that the winding wiring state is changed by the winding switching module 20. The position signal line Lp is connected to the drive control module 30 so that the drive control module 30 acquires an electrical angle signal of the motor; one end of the winding switching module 20 is connected to six phase lines of the motor 214 as described above, and the other end of the winding switching module 20 connects three phase lines of the motor connected to a1, B1 and C1 to the driving control module 30, which can be used by the driving control module 30 to control the motor 20 after the winding connection state is set by the winding switching module 20. In addition, a switching signal line Ls is also arranged between the winding switching module 20 and the driving control module 30, and the switching signal line Ls is used for transmitting a winding wiring state setting signal, namely a winding switching instruction, of the driving control module 30 to the winding switching module 20 and a switching result signal fed back to the driving control module 30 by the winding switching module 20.

For example, as shown in fig. 6, the a-phase winding may include a first coil 211, the B-phase winding may include a second coil 212, and the C-phase winding may include a third coil 213.

It should be noted that it is not specified that the three phase lines connected to a1, B1, and C1 must be connected to the driving control module 30 after passing through the winding switching module 20, and the three phase lines connected to a1, B1, and C1 may be directly connected to the driving control module 30 without passing through the winding switching module 20.

Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the winding wiring state switching system of the motor further includes: and the power supply module 40, wherein the power supply module 40 is connected with the drive control module 30 through a first power line S1 to supply power to the drive control module 30.

Also, the power supply module 40 may be connected with the winding switching module 20 through a second power line S2 to supply power to the winding switching module 20. Alternatively, the driving control module 30 includes a power supply unit connected to the winding switching module 20 through a third power line L3 to supply power to the winding switching module 20.

That is, the power supply of the driving control module 30 is provided by the power supply module 40, and the power supply of the winding switching module 20 may be provided by the power supply module 40 or the driving control module 30.

According to the embodiment of fig. 7-8, the power supply module 40 may include the external power supply 34, and the power supply unit may include the isolated switching power supply 31.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the winding switching module 20 includes a first switching unit 201 and a second switching unit 202, the first switching unit 201 is connected to two terminals led out from each phase of winding, the second switching unit 200 is connected to one of the two terminals led out from each phase of winding, the first switching unit 201 and the second switching unit 202 are connected to the driving control module, wherein when the first switching unit 201 is in an operating state under the control of the driving control module 30, the motor windings are in a star connection; when the second switching unit 202 is in an operating state under the control of the driving control module 30, the motor windings are connected in an angular shape.

Specifically, the circuit structure of the winding switching module 20 may be as shown in fig. 6. . The first switching unit 201 may be a first electronic switch 11, and the second switching unit 202 may be a second electronic switch 12.

When the winding switching module 20 receives the star connection control signal, the winding switching module 20 turns on the electronic switches Q1, Q2 and Q3 in the first electronic switch 11, turns off the electronic switches Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7, Q8 and Q9 in the second electronic switch 12, connects one end of the motor winding to the drive control module 30, and short-circuits the other ends of the motor winding, for example, one end of the a-phase winding connected to the terminal a1, one end of the B-phase winding connected to the terminal B1 and one end of the C-phase winding connected to the terminal C1 are connected to the drive control module 30, and the other end of the a-phase winding connected to the terminal a2, the other end of the B-phase winding connected to the terminal B2 and the other end of the C-phase winding connected to the terminal C2 are short-circuited, at which time the motor winding is in a star connection.

When the winding switching module 20 receives the angle connection control signal, the winding switching module 20 turns off the electronic switches Q1, Q2, and Q3 in the first electronic switch 11, turns on the Q4, Q5, Q6, Q7, Q8, and Q9 in the second electronic switch 12, shorts one end of the a-phase winding connected to the terminal a1 and the other end of the B-phase winding connected to the terminal B2 together, shorts one end of the B-phase winding connected to the terminal B1 and the other end of the C-phase winding connected to the terminal C2 together, and shorts one end of the C-phase winding connected to the terminal C1 and the other end of the a-phase winding connected to the terminal a2 together, when the motor windings are connected in an angle shape.

In this way, the switching of the winding connection state of the electric machine, for example from a star connection to an angular connection or from an angular connection to a star connection, can be effected by the first switching means and the second switching means.

According to some embodiments of the present application, the winding switching module 20 and the driving control module 30 may be disposed on the same circuit board, thereby improving space utilization. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the winding switching module 20 and the driving control module 30 may be disposed on two separate circuit boards. This is not limited in this application.

Thus, the winding wiring state switching system of the motor may be composed of the power supply module 40, the drive control module 30, the winding switching module 20, and the motor 214. The power supply module 40 is used for supplying power to the system; the driving control module 30 is used for switching and matching the winding wiring states under different working conditions and driving the motor 214; the winding switching module 20 is configured to receive a winding switching instruction of the driving control module 30 and switch the motor winding to a corresponding winding connection state; the motor 214 is customized, and the connection ends of the windings are all led out, so that the star connection state or the angle connection state of the motor windings can be changed by the winding switching module 20, and therefore, the switching of the wiring state of the motor windings is realized, and further, the speed expansion of the motor is realized.

In addition, the embodiment of the application also provides an electric device, which comprises the winding wiring state switching system of the motor provided by the embodiment.

A specific embodiment of the present application is described in detail below.

Fig. 5 is a first schematic diagram of a switching device for an operating state of a winding of a motor according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, the switching device for the operating state of the motor winding comprises: a drive circuit 10, a first electronic switch 11 and a second electronic switch 12; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the driving circuit 10 is connected to the first electronic switch 11 and the second electronic switch 12, and is configured to input a first driving signal to the first electronic switch 11 or input a second driving signal to the second electronic switch 12; if the first electronic switch 11 receives the first driving signal, the first electronic switch 11 is in a working state; if the second electronic switch 12 receives the second driving signal, the second electronic switch 12 is in a working state;

the first electronic switch 11 and the second electronic switch 12 are respectively connected with a motor winding 13; if the first electronic switch 11 is in a working state, the motor windings 13 are in star connection; if the second electronic switch 12 is in a working state, the motor windings 13 are connected in an angular shape.

Here, drive and control first electronic switch or second electronic switch respectively through drive circuit and be in operating condition, and when different electronic switches were in operating condition, the connection status of motor winding is also different, consequently, can realize the switching of motor winding connection status through the control to electronic switch, and then make the winding of motor switch into more suitable connected mode under different conditions, guarantee that the motor has bigger torsion, speed and efficiency when steady operation.

In an optional embodiment of the present application, the driving circuit includes: a controller, a star drive circuit, and an angle drive circuit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the controller is respectively connected with the star drive circuit and the angular drive circuit and is used for inputting star control signals to the star drive circuit or inputting angular control signals to the angular drive circuit; if the star drive circuit receives the star control signal, the star drive circuit inputs a first drive signal to the first electronic switch; and if the angular driving circuit receives the angular control signal, the angular driving circuit inputs a second driving signal to the second electronic switch.

Specifically, the driving circuit of the embodiment of the present application includes a controller, a star driving circuit, and an angle driving circuit. The controller is used for outputting a control signal, wherein the controller can be an embedded chip, the star drive circuit or the angular drive circuit is respectively connected with two pins of the embedded chip, and the star drive circuit is used for receiving the star control signal output by the controller by controlling different pins of the embedded chip to output a level signal, so that a first drive signal is input to the first electronic switch; or the angle driving circuit receives the angle driving signal and further inputs a second driving signal to the second electronic switch. It should be noted that the star drive signal and the angular drive signal may be the same or different, for example, the star drive signal may be set to be a 5V square wave signal, the angular drive signal may be a 3.3V square wave signal, or both the star drive signal and the angular drive signal may be set to be a 3.3V square wave signal. Preferably, an optical isolation circuit may be further disposed between the controller and the star driver circuit, and an optical isolation circuit may be further disposed between the controller and the angular driver circuit, so that when the controller switches to output the star control signal or the angular driver signal, the star control signal and the angular driver signal are isolated, and interference between the two signals is avoided.

This application embodiment makes star drive circuit work through star control signal through divideing into star drive circuit and angular form drive circuit respectively, and then to the first drive signal of first electronic switch input, makes angular form drive circuit work through angular form control signal, and then inputs second drive signal to second electronic switch, so realize the switching to first electronic switch and second electronic switch, and then reach the purpose that changes motor winding connection status.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a switching device for operating states of a winding of a motor according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 6, in an alternative embodiment of the present application, the star driver circuit (not shown in the figure) has an output terminal, and the first electronic switch 11 includes a first switch unit 111, a second switch unit 112, and a third switch unit 113;

one output end of the star-shaped driving circuit is connected to the first switch unit 111, the second switch unit 112, and the third switch unit 113, respectively, and is configured to input a first driving signal to the first switch unit 111, the second switch unit 112, and the third switch unit 113, where the first driving signal is used to control the first switch unit 111, the second switch unit 112, and the third switch unit 113 to be in a conducting state; when the first switch unit 111, the second switch unit 112, and the third switch unit 113 are in the on state, the first electronic switch 11 is in the operating state.

Here, the first electronic switch includes three switch units, and the three switch units are respectively connected to the output terminals of the star drive circuit, so that the star drive circuit can simultaneously drive the three switch units to be in a conducting state after outputting the first drive signal, and when all of the three switch units are in the conducting state, the first electronic switch is in the conducting state. It should be noted that one switch unit in the embodiments of the present application may include only one switch element, or may be a switch unit composed of two or more switch elements. In the embodiment of the present application, the type of the selected switching element is not specifically limited, and one or more switching elements of a Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET), a silicon controlled rectifier (scr), an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), or the like may be selected to form a switching unit in the embodiment of the present application. When the three switch units are connected to the star drive circuit, the gate of each switch element in each switch unit needs to be connected to the output end of the star drive circuit, so that the star drive circuit drives each switch element in each switch unit to be in a conducting state.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the motor winding includes a first coil 211, a second coil 212, and a third coil 213; one end of the first switching unit 111 is connected to the first coil 211, one end of the second switching unit 112 is connected to the second coil 212, and one end of the third switching unit 113 is connected to the third coil 213; the other end of the first switching unit 111 is connected to the other end of the second switching unit 112 and the other end of the third switching unit 113; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

under the condition that the three switch units of the first electronic switch 11 are in a conducting state, the three coils of the motor winding are in star connection.

Specifically, in fig. 6, a1 and a2 represent the first and second ends of the first coil, respectively, B1 and B2 represent the first and second ends of the second coil, respectively, and C1 and C2 represent the first and second ends of the third coil, respectively. Each of the three switch units of the embodiment of the application comprises three terminals, wherein each of the three switch units has one terminal connected with the output end of the star-shaped driving circuit, the other terminal of each of the three switch units is connected with one end of the other two switch units, one end of each of the three switch units is connected with different coils, and when the three switch units of the first electronic switch are all in a conducting state, 3 coils of the motor winding have a common end which is connected together, and the three coils of the motor winding are in a star-shaped connection mode. In fig. 6, when the electronic switches Q1, Q2 and Q3 are all in the on state, the a2, B2 and C2 ends of the three windings of the motor are connected together, so that the motor windings are in the star connection state. Here, the three coils of the motor winding are also respectively connected with a motor controller, and the motor controller realizes the control of the motor running state. In general, a motor controller is also referred to as a motor driver.

In an alternative embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 6, the angular driving circuit (not shown) has a first output terminal, a second output terminal, and a third output terminal; the second electronic switch 12 includes a first group switch unit 121, a second group switch unit 122, and a third group switch unit 123; when the first group of switch units 121, the second group of switch units 122, and the third group of switch units 123 are in the on state, the second electronic switch 12 is in the working state;

a first output end of the angular driving circuit is connected to the first group of switch units 121, and is configured to input a first path of signal to the first group of switch units 121;

a second output end of the angular driving circuit is connected to the second group of switch units 122, and is used for inputting a second signal to the second group of switch units 122;

a third output end of the angular driving circuit is connected to the third group of switch units 123, and is configured to input a third signal to the third group of switch units 123;

the first path of signal, the second path of signal and the third path of signal belong to the second driving signal.

As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the motor winding includes a first coil 211, a second coil 212, and a third coil 213; a first end of the first coil 211 is connected to a first end of the first group of switching units 121, a second end of the first coil 211 is connected to a second end of the second group of switching units 122, a first end of the second coil 212 is connected to a first end of the third group of switching units 123, a second end of the second coil 212 is connected to a second end of the first group of switching units 121, a first end 213 of the third coil is connected to a first end of the second group of switching units 122, and a second end of the third coil 213 is connected to a second end of the third group of switching units 123; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

under the condition that three groups of switch units of the second electronic switch 12 are in a conducting state, three coils of the motor winding are connected in an angle shape.

Specifically, each of the three groups of switch units in the embodiment of the present application includes three terminals, wherein one terminal of each of the three groups of switch units is connected to the output terminal of the angular driving circuit, the angular driving circuit has a first output terminal, a second output terminal and a third output terminal, each group of switch units is connected to different output terminals of the angular driving circuit, so that the angular driving circuit is used to supply power to different groups of switch units, wherein, in the three groups of switch units, the gate of each switch element in the first group of switch units is connected to the first output terminal of the angular driving circuit, the gate of each switch element in the second group of switch units is connected to the second output terminal of the angular driving circuit, the gate of each switch element in the third group of switch units is connected to the third output terminal of the angular driving circuit, and the two terminals of each group of switch units are connected to different coils of the motor, the connection of the motor windings is realized in a triangular connection mode, so that three coils of the motor windings are connected in an angular shape under the condition that three groups of switch units of the second electronic switch are in a conduction state.

In the embodiment of the present application, the connection order of the three sets of switch units and the coils is not particularly limited, as long as the coils are connected in a triangular manner.

In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the first group of switch units 121 includes a fourth switch unit and a fifth switch unit; wherein the fourth switching unit and the fifth switching unit are connected in series;

the second group switching unit 122 includes a sixth switching unit and a seventh switching unit; wherein the sixth switching unit and the seventh switching unit are connected in series;

the third group switching unit 123 includes an eighth switching unit and a ninth switching unit; wherein the eighth switching unit and the ninth switching unit are connected in series.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, each group of switch units in the embodiment of the present application includes two switch units, and two switch units in one group of switch units are connected in series, so that when the direction of the current in the coil changes, under the action of the angular driving signal, three groups of switch units of the second electronic switch can be in a conducting state. Taking the first group of switch units 121 as an example, the first group of switch units 121 includes a fourth switch unit (i.e., Q4) and a fifth switch unit (i.e., Q7), the two switch units are connected in series, and by connecting the two switch units in series, the first group of switch units 121 formed by the fourth switch unit (i.e., Q4) and the fifth switch unit (i.e., Q7) can be in a conducting state under the action of the angular driving signal when the direction of the current in the coil changes. Here, taking the example that Q4 and Q7 are both MOS transistors, Q4 and Q7 are connected in series in a common source stage (i.e., S stage), and when the first group of switch units is in an on state, the current flows in the first group of switch units are as follows: the drain (i.e., the D pole) of Q4 → the S pole of Q4 → the S pole of Q7 → the D pole of Q7, or: pole D of Q7 → pole S of Q7 → pole S of Q4 → pole D of Q4.

As shown in fig. 6, when the electronic switches Q4-Q9 are all in the on state, a1 of the electronic winding is connected to B2, B1 is connected to C2, C1 is connected to a2, and the motor windings are in delta connection.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a motor winding in a star connection state provided in an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 8 is a schematic view of a motor winding in an angle connection state provided in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, in an alternative embodiment of the present application, the apparatus further includes: an isolation switching power supply 31; the isolation switch power supply 31 is connected with the driving circuit and used for supplying power to the driving circuit; wherein, the output of the isolated switching power supply 31 comprises a first output signal, a second output signal, a third output signal and a fourth output signal; the first output signal is used to power the star driver circuit 32, and the second, third and fourth output signals are used to power the corner driver circuit 33.

As shown in fig. 7, the isolated switching power supply can output a first output signal to power the star driving circuit, and the star circuit drives the three switching units in the first electronic switch to be in a conducting state by receiving the star driving signal output by the controller, so that the windings of the motor are connected in a star shape.

As shown in fig. 8, the isolation switch power supply can output the second output signal, the third output signal and the fourth output signal respectively to supply power to the angular driving circuit, and the angular driving circuit drives the three groups of switch units in the second electronic switch to be in a conducting state by receiving the angular control signal output by the controller, so that the windings of the motor are connected in an angular shape.

As shown in fig. 7 and fig. 8, in the embodiment of the present application, the external power source 34 provides power to the motor controller 215 and the isolated switch power source 31, and the isolated switch power source 31 outputs a first output signal to power the star driver 32 by processing the received external power source 34 signal, and outputs a second output signal, a third output signal and a fourth output signal to power the angle driver 41, so as to drive the first electronic switch 11 or the second electronic switch 12 to be in a conducting state.

In an optional embodiment of the present application, the isolation switch power supply includes a rectifying circuit, configured to rectify an external power signal received by the isolation switch power supply.

Specifically, when the isolating switch power supply is designed, the rectifying circuit can be arranged at the input end of the isolating switch power supply, so that the isolating switch power supply in the switching device of the working state of the motor winding can receive external signal input of wide voltage, the common bus operation of the isolating switch power supply and the motor controller is realized, power supply for the motor controller and the isolating switch power supply can be realized through one external power supply, and an additional electric energy conversion device is not required to be arranged. For example, when the switching device for the working state of the motor winding, the motor and the motor controller in the embodiment of the application are used in a vehicle, the power supply provided by the vehicle can be used for supplying power to the isolation switch power supply and the motor controller at the same time, so that the switching of the connection mode of the motor winding is realized, and the operation of the motor is ensured.

Fig. 9 is a second schematic diagram of a switching device for switching an operating state of a winding of a motor according to an embodiment of the present application, and as a preferred implementation, as shown in fig. 9, the switching device further includes: a first arc extinguishing device 51, a second arc extinguishing device 52, and a third arc extinguishing device 53; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the first arc extinguishing device 51 is connected with a second end of the first coil 211; the second arc extinguishing device 52 is connected to a second end of the second coil 212; the third arc extinguishing device 53 is connected to a second end of the third coil 213.

Specifically, the arc control device of this application embodiment is the clamp arc control device, through set up the clamp arc control device between every coil of motor winding and switch module, can absorb the high pressure that produces when the inductive load cuts off in the relevant circuit when the motor operation.

The switching device of the working state of the motor winding provided by the embodiment of the application can realize a star connection mode and a triangular connection mode of the motor winding through an electronic circuit device. According to the star drive circuit, when the star drive circuit receives a star control signal, the first electronic switch connected with the star drive circuit is driven, the motor works in a state that the winding is in star connection, similarly, when the angle drive circuit receives an angle control signal, the second electronic switch connected with the angle drive circuit is driven, the motor works in a state that the winding is in angle connection, different drive signals are output through different control signals to realize switching of the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch, the whole switching time is below 10 microseconds, and the motor power interruption time in the switching process can be obviously shortened. Under different conditions, the connection mode of the motor winding is switched by switching the electronic switch, so that the motor can stably run and has higher torque, speed and efficiency.

The circuit design of the switching device for the operating state of the motor winding provided by the embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to a specific embodiment, and the circuit of the present embodiment is used for switching the operating state of the winding of a permanent magnet synchronous motor on a vehicle. It should be noted that the circuit composition of the switching device for switching the operating state of the motor winding according to the embodiment of the present application is not limited to the specific circuit according to the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 10 to 17 are circuit diagrams of an implementation manner of the switching device for the operating state of the motor winding according to the embodiment of the present application. The switching of the connection mode of the motor winding can be realized by the circuit of the switching device of the motor winding working state designed by fig. 10 to 17.

Fig. 10 is a circuit diagram of a star driver circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, in fig. 10, a star control signal is input to the star driver circuit from an input terminal (i.e., IO1) of the star driver circuit, and is input to the optocoupler chip ACPL-P314 after passing through the optoelectronic isolation circuit 61, where the chip ACPL-P314 includes a power stage output circuit, and can be used for driving an electronic switch in the circuit. Here, when actually designing the driving circuit, the selected driving chip is not limited to ACPL-P314, and other driving chips or driving circuits capable of achieving the same function may be selected.

Fig. 11 is a circuit diagram of a first electronic switch according to an embodiment of the present application, in fig. 11, each of a first switch unit 111, a second switch unit 112, and a third switch unit 113 is composed of two switch elements, and the two switch elements are connected in series to form one switch unit, so that power of the one switch unit can be increased. Here, the gate of each switching element is connected to the output STAR-C of the STAR driver circuit in fig. 10. In the figure, PA2 is connected to the second end of the first coil of the motor, PB2 is connected to the second end of the second coil of the motor, and PC2 is connected to the second end of the third coil of the motor.

Fig. 12 is a circuit diagram of an angle driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present application, in fig. 12, an angle control signal is input into the angle driving circuit from an input terminal (i.e., IO2) of the angle driving circuit, and is input into three photo coupler chips ACPL-P314 after passing through the photo isolation circuit 81, and the chips ACPL-P314 include a power stage output circuit, which can be used for driving an electronic switch in the circuit. The corner drive circuit has three outputs for providing drive signals to the first, second and third groups of switch units in fig. 13, respectively.

Fig. 13 is a circuit diagram of a second electronic switch provided in the embodiment of the present application, in fig. 13, the first group of switch units 121 is composed of 4 switch elements Q8, Q11, Q14 and Q17, wherein Q8 and Q17 constitute a fourth switch unit in the embodiment of the present application, and Q11 and Q14 constitute a seventh switch unit in the embodiment of the present application; the second group of switch units 122 is composed of 4 switch elements Q9, Q12, Q15 and Q18, wherein Q9 and Q18 constitute the fifth switch unit of the embodiment of the present application, and Q12 and Q15 constitute the eighth switch unit of the embodiment of the present application; the third group of switching units 123 is composed of 4 switching elements Q10, Q13, Q16 and Q19, wherein Q10 and Q19 constitute the sixth switching unit and Q13 and Q16 constitute the ninth switching unit.

In fig. 13, the fourth to ninth switching units are each composed of two switching elements, and the two switching elements are connected in series to form one switching unit, so that the power of the one switching unit can be increased. Here, the gate of each switching element in the first group of switching units 121 is connected to the output terminal PA-PB of the corner drive circuit of fig. 10, the gate of each switching element in the second group of switching units 122 is connected to the output terminal PB-PC of the corner drive circuit of fig. 10, and the gate of each switching element in the third group of switching units 123 is connected to the output terminal PC-PA of the corner drive circuit of fig. 10. In the figure, PA1 is connected to a first end of a first coil of the motor, PB1 is connected to a first end of a second coil of the motor, and PC1 is connected to a first end of a third coil of the motor; in the figure, PA2 is connected to the second end of the first coil of the motor, PB2 is connected to the second end of the second coil of the motor, and PC2 is connected to the second end of the third coil of the motor.

Fig. 14 is a circuit diagram of an isolation switch power supply according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 14, a rectifier bridge is disposed at an input end of the isolation switch power supply circuit, and is capable of rectifying an external power supply signal input to the isolation switch power supply, so that the isolation switch power supply can receive input of the external power supply signal in a wide voltage range, and the external power supply signal may be a direct current signal or an alternating current signal. The isolation switch power supply is provided with four paths of output signals, wherein one path of output signals supplies power for the star drive circuit, the other three paths of output signals supply power for the angle drive circuit, and the isolation switch power supply can provide isolated drive power for each switch element in the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch. The four 12V outputs of the isolating switch power supply are isolated from each other, so that the anti-interference capability of the power supply can be improved, and no mutual influence exists among the four paths of signals output by the isolating switch power supply. Here, the circuit of the isolated switching power supply further includes a feedback circuit 102, which can monitor the output voltage of the isolated switching power supply in real time, and ensure that the output of the isolated switching power supply is stabilized at a target output value.

Fig. 15 is a circuit diagram of an arc extinguishing device according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 15, the first arc extinguishing device 51, the second arc extinguishing device 52, and the third arc extinguishing device 53 all have the same composition, taking the first arc extinguishing device 51 as an example, the first arc extinguishing device 51 includes two diodes D1 and D2 connected in series, the negative electrode of D2 is connected to the positive electrode of D1, and the positive electrode of D2 is connected to the negative electrode of an external 84V power supply. FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of an external 84V power supply, which may be an on-board power supply, according to an embodiment of the present application. Here, the external power source is selected according to the actual application scenario and is not limited to 84V. The negative electrode of the D1 is connected to the positive electrode of the 84V power supply, and the positive electrode of the D1 is further connected to the phase a winding of the motor, that is, the first arc extinguishing device is connected to the second end of the first winding in the embodiment of the present application, if the conduction voltage drop of the diodes D1 and D2 is 0.7V, the clamping arc extinguishing device provided in the embodiment of the present application can ensure that the voltage at the second end of the first winding is in the range of-0.7V to 84.7V, and avoid the arc generated when the inductive load in the circuit is turned off. Similarly, the arc extinguishing devices are arranged at the second ends of the motor B-phase winding and the motor C-phase winding, so that an electric arc generated when the inductive load is turned off in a circuit can be avoided, and the damage to the switching device of the working state of the motor winding and the load of the embodiment of the application caused by the electric arc is avoided.

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of an interface circuit of the switching device for switching the operating state of the motor winding according to the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 17, the switching device further includes a first interface circuit 1301, a second interface circuit 1302, and a third interface circuit 1303, where a PA1 of the first interface circuit 1301 is connected to the output terminal PA1 of fig. 11 and 13, a P3 is connected to a first end of the first coil of the motor winding, i.e., to a first end of the a-phase winding of the motor, and a P5 is connected to an a-phase output terminal of the motor controller; PB1 of the second interface circuit 1302 is connected to the output terminal PB1 of fig. 11 and 13, P6 is connected to the first end of the second coil of the motor winding, i.e., to the first end of the motor B-phase winding, and P8 is connected to the B-phase output terminal of the motor controller; the PC1 of the third interface circuit 1303 is connected to the output PC1 of fig. 11 and 13, the P9 is connected to the first end of the third coil of the motor winding, i.e., to the first end of the C-phase winding of the motor, and the P11 is connected to the C-phase output of the motor controller.

Here, by providing an interface circuit, the interface can be set to 1 to 2, and the output terminals of the electronic switches are connected to the second terminal of one of the three coils of the motor winding and the output terminal of the motor controller corresponding to the coil, respectively.

In the circuit of the switching device for the operating state of the motor winding composed of fig. 10 to 17, the star control signal is input to the star drive circuit in fig. 10 by switching the control signal, or the angle control signal is input to the angle drive circuit in fig. 12, so that the switching of the star or delta connection state of the motor winding can be realized by changing the conduction state of the electronic switching element in the circuit.

Fig. 18 is a circuit principle simulation diagram of a switching device for motor winding operating states according to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 18, L1, L2 and L3 represent the first coil, the second coil and the third coil of the motor winding, respectively, V7 represents the output signal of the motor controller, the voltage of the first coil is measured by XSC1, and the switching of the star control signal and the angular control signal input in the device is realized by the switch S1. In fig. 18, U1, U2, U3, and U4 are all driving circuits, where U1, U2, and U3 are angular driving circuits, and when an angular control signal is input to U1, U2, and U3, a first driving signal is output to the first group of switching units Q6 and Q9 through U1, and Q6 and Q9 are both driven to be in a conducting state; outputting a second path of signals to a second group of switch units Q5 and Q8 through U2, and driving Q5 and Q8 to be in a conducting state; outputting a third path of signals to the third group of switching units Q4 and Q7 through U3, and driving both Q4 and Q7 to be in a conducting state; as shown in fig. 15, when Q4 to Q9 are all in the on state, L1, L2 and L3 are in the angular connection state, the peak-to-peak voltage (i.e., Vpp) of the first coil measured using an oscilloscope is about 84V, the height of each cell on the vertical axis in fig. 19 represents 50V, and each cell on the horizontal axis represents 100 us.

In fig. 18, when a star drive signal is input for U4, the U4 outputs the first drive signal to Q1 of the first switching unit, Q2 of the second switching unit, and Q3 at the same time, so that Q1, Q2, and Q3 are all in a conductive state; as shown in fig. 20, when Q1, Q2, and Q3 are all in the on state, L1, L2, and L3 are in a star connection state, the peak-to-peak voltage (i.e., Vpp) of the first coil measured using an oscilloscope is about 42V, the height of each cell on the vertical axis in fig. 20 represents 50V, and each cell on the horizontal axis represents 100 us.

The voltage at two ends of the L1 is measured by an oscilloscope in the simulation circuit when the L1, the L2 and the L3 are in an angular connection mode and a star connection mode, and the characteristic that the voltage at two ends of the L1 is greater than the voltage at two ends of the L1 in the star connection mode under the triangular connection mode is met.

Corresponding to the winding wiring state switching system of the motor in the embodiment, the embodiment of the application also provides a winding wiring state switching method of the motor.

1. A device for switching the operating state of a winding of an electric machine, said device comprising: the circuit comprises a driving circuit, a first electronic switch and a second electronic switch; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the driving circuit is connected with the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch and is used for inputting a first driving signal to the first electronic switch or inputting a second driving signal to the second electronic switch; if the first electronic switch receives the first driving signal, the first electronic switch is in a working state; if the second electronic switch receives the second driving signal, the second electronic switch is in a working state;

the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch are respectively connected with a motor winding; if the first electronic switch is in a working state, the motor windings are in star connection; and if the second electronic switch is in a working state, the motor windings are connected in an angle shape.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the drive circuit comprises: a controller, a star drive circuit, and an angle drive circuit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the star driver circuit has an output, and the first electronic switch comprises a first switch unit, a second switch unit, and a third switch unit;

one output end of the star-shaped driving circuit is connected with the first switch unit, the second switch unit and the third switch unit respectively, and is used for inputting a first driving signal to the first switch unit, the second switch unit and the third switch unit, wherein the first driving signal is used for controlling the first switch unit, the second switch unit and the third switch unit to be in a conducting state; under the condition that the first switch unit, the second switch unit and the third switch unit are in a conducting state, the first electronic switch is in a working state.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the motor winding comprises a first coil, a second coil, and a third coil; one end of the first switching unit is connected with the first coil, one end of the second switching unit is connected with the second coil, and one end of the third switching unit is connected with the third coil; the other end of the first switch unit is connected with the other end of the second switch unit and the other end of the third switch unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

and under the condition that the three switch units of the first electronic switch are in a conducting state, three coils of the motor winding are in star connection.

5. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the angular drive circuit has a first output, a second output, and a third output; the second electronic switch comprises a first group of switch units, a second group of switch units and a third group of switch units; under the condition that the first group of switch units, the second group of switch units and the third group of switch units are in a conducting state, the second electronic switch is in a working state;

the first output end of the angular driving circuit is connected with the first group of switch units and is used for inputting a first path of signal to the first group of switch units;

the second output end of the angular driving circuit is connected with the second group of switch units and is used for inputting a second path of signals to the second group of switch units;

a third output end of the angular driving circuit is connected with the third group of switch units and is used for inputting a third path of signals to the third group of switch units;

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the motor winding comprises a first coil, a second coil, and a third coil; the first end of the first coil is connected with the first ends of the first group of switch units, the second end of the first coil is connected with the second ends of the second group of switch units, the first end of the second coil is connected with the first ends of the third group of switch units, the second end of the second coil is connected with the second ends of the first group of switch units, the first end of the third coil is connected with the first ends of the second group of switch units, and the second end of the third coil is connected with the second ends of the third group of switch units; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

and under the condition that three groups of switch units of the second electronic switch are in a conducting state, three coils of the motor winding are connected in an angle shape.

7. The apparatus of

claim

5 or 6,

the first group of switch units comprises a fourth switch unit and a fifth switch unit; wherein the fourth switching unit and the fifth switching unit are connected in series;

the second group of switch units comprises a sixth switch unit and a seventh switch unit; wherein the sixth switching unit and the seventh switching unit are connected in series;

the third group of switch units comprises an eighth switch unit and a ninth switch unit; wherein the eighth switching unit and the ninth switching unit are connected in series.

8. The apparatus of claim 2, further comprising: an isolated switching power supply; the isolation switch power supply is connected with the drive circuit and used for supplying power to the drive circuit; wherein the output of the isolated switching power supply comprises a first output signal, a second output signal, a third output signal and a fourth output signal; the first output signal is used for supplying power to the star drive circuit, and the second output signal, the third output signal and the fourth output signal are used for supplying power to the angular drive circuit.

9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the isolated switching power supply comprises a rectifying circuit for rectifying an external power signal received by the isolated switching power supply.

10. The apparatus of claim 4 or 6, further comprising: a first arc extinguishing device, a second arc extinguishing device and a third arc extinguishing device; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the first arc extinguishing device is connected with the second end of the first coil; the second arc extinguishing device is connected with the second end of the second coil; the third arc extinguishing device is connected with a second end of the third coil.

In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing steps of a custom logic function or process, and alternate implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present application in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present application.

The logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, e.g., an ordered listing of executable instructions that can be considered to implement logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium could even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, via for instance optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

It should be understood that portions of the present application may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps carried by the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a program, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.

The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic or optical disk, etc. Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A winding wiring state switching system of an electric motor, comprising:

the winding switching module is connected with a winding of the motor and used for switching the winding wiring state of the motor;

the driving control module is communicated with the winding switching module through a switching signal wire, communicated with the motor through a position signal wire and connected with a winding of the motor through a phase wire;

the drive control module outputs a winding state control signal to the winding switching module through the switching signal line so as to control the winding wiring state of the motor, acquires a position signal of the motor winding through the position signal line, and drives the motor through the phase line according to the position signal of the motor winding.

2. The winding wiring state switching system of an electric motor according to claim 1, wherein the winding switching module is further configured to feed back a switching result signal to the drive control module after switching.

3. The system for switching between winding and wiring states of a motor according to claim 1, wherein the motor is provided with a position sensor, the driving control module obtains a position signal output by the position sensor through the position signal line, determines an actual position of the motor winding according to a current winding and wiring state of the motor, the position signal and a target mapping relationship in the current winding and wiring state, and drives the motor through the phase line according to the actual position of the motor winding, wherein the target mapping relationship is used for indicating a corresponding relationship between the position signal and the actual position of the motor in the current winding and wiring state.

4. The winding wiring state switching system of an electric machine according to claim 3, wherein,

when the motor windings are in a winding wiring state of star connection or angle connection, the position signals output by the position sensors correspond to the actual positions of the motor; and when the motor winding is in a star connection or angular connection state, the difference between the actual position of the motor and the position signal output by the position sensor is a preset deviation adjustment angle.

5. The winding wiring state switching system of an electric motor according to claim 4, wherein when the motor windings are in one of a star connection and an angle connection, a zero offset angle is provided between an actual position of the electric motor and the position signal output from the position sensor; and when the motor winding is in a star connection or angular connection state, the difference between the actual position of the motor and the position signal output by the position sensor is a target deviation angle, wherein the target deviation angle is determined based on the zero deviation angle and a preset deviation adjusting angle.

6. The winding wiring state switching system of the motor according to claim 1, wherein the motor is provided with a first position sensor and a second position sensor, the first position sensor is located at a detection position when the motor windings are connected in a star shape, the second position sensor is located at a detection position when the motor windings are connected in an angle shape, and the drive control module selects one of the first position signal and the second position signal as an actual position signal corresponding to the current winding wiring state according to the current winding wiring state of the motor and drives the motor through the phase line according to the actual position signal.

7. The winding wiring state switching system of the motor according to claim 1, wherein the system is used for an electric device, and the drive control module is configured to acquire operating condition information of the electric device and generate a winding switching instruction according to the operating condition information of the electric device.

8. The winding wiring state switching system of the motor according to claim 1, wherein the drive control module is further configured to obtain a current rotation speed of the motor, and generate the winding switching command according to the current rotation speed and a switching rotation speed of the motor.

9. The winding wiring state switching system of an electric machine according to claim 1, further comprising a power supply module for supplying power to the drive control module and/or the winding switching module.

10. An electrically powered device comprising a winding wiring state switching system of an electric machine according to any of claims 1-9.