CN107592054B - Motor control method, motor control assembly and storage medium - Google Patents
Motor control method, motor control assembly and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN107592054B CN107592054B CN201710778068.6A CN201710778068A CN107592054B CN 107592054 B CN107592054 B CN 107592054B CN 201710778068 A CN201710778068 A CN 201710778068A CN 107592054 B CN107592054 B CN 107592054B
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Abstract
The present invention provides motor control methods, electric machine controller and storage medium, controller is when getting motor switching command, inverter is first shut off to export and disconnect all switching switches, and detection is input to the three-phase voltage value of three windings inside motor respectively, when the absolute value of the difference of any two-phase voltage value of three-phase voltage value is within the scope of preset voltage value, closure is connected to the switch being located in first switch group or second switch group between corresponding two phase windings, when the switch in first switch group or the switch in second switch group are all closed, the star for completing motor connects switching.Due in closure switch, corresponding two-phase voltage value very close to, therefore voltage difference between the two is small, electric current is small when thus by closing the switch, the problem of switching damage is caused greatly by the electric current of switching switch when motor in the prior art realizes the connection switching of star three is avoided with this, improves the reliability and stability of switch work.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Motor Control Field more particularly to motor control methods, motor control assembly and computer-readable
Take storage medium.
Background technique
The triangle of existing motor-star switching circuit is realized to motor triangle-star-like connection switching, due to three
The angular voltage born with three-phase windings inside motor when star-like connection is different, motor when wherein triangle connection is than star-like connection
The voltage that every phase winding is born is more much higher than star motor, therefore triangle connects the high-power output that motor can be achieved, and
Star-like connection can realize motor in the higher efficiency of low speed segment, at present motor when realizing triangle-star-like connection switching, due to
The moment of switching deposits very high phase voltage, so that it is very high by the electric current for switching switch in switching circuit, therefore switch switch
Long-term work is easily damaged under high current environment.
Summary of the invention
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of motor control method, motor control assembly and computer-readable deposit
Storage media, it is therefore intended that solve existing motor switching circuit when carrying out star and connecting switching with triangle since electric current is easy greatly
The problem of damage switching switch.
To achieve the above object, a kind of motor control method provided by the invention, the motor control method are applied to electricity
Machine control device, which is characterized in that the motor control assembly includes voltage detecting circuit, controller, inverter and to electricity
Three windings of machine carry out the motor switching circuit of star-like connection or triangle connection switching control, the motor switching circuit packet
One group of switch for realizing star to triangle connection switching is included, and one switched for realizing triangle to star-like connection
Group switch, the controller control one group of conducting in two groups of switches, another group of pass for controlling the inverter work
It is disconnected, to drive the motor operation；The voltage detecting circuit is connect with the controller, is input to the motor to detect
The three-phase voltage of three windings；The motor control method includes:
It when receiving motor switching command, controls the inverter and stops working, and control the one group of switch be currently connected
Shutdown；
Obtain the corresponding detecting voltage by three phase value of three-phase voltage of three windings of motor；
When the absolute value for determining the difference of the voltage detecting value of any two-phase in the detecting voltage by three phase value is presetting electricity
When within the scope of pressure value, the switch conduction being connected between two windings of the correspondence in another group of switch is controlled, until three
When another group of switch in a winding between any two winding all turns on, the star of the motor is completed to triangle
Connection switching or triangle switch to star-like connection.
Preferably, the first switch, second switch, third switch, the 4th switch and the 5th switch be IGBT pipe or
Metal-oxide-semiconductor.
Preferably, the motor is permanent magnet synchronous motor.
To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a kind of motor control assembly, the motor control assembly includes voltage
Detection circuit, controller, inverter and star-like connection or triangle connection switching control are carried out to three windings of motor
Motor switching circuit, the motor switching circuit include one group of switch for realizing star to triangle connection switching, and
The one group of switch switched for realizing triangle to star-like connection, the controller are controlled for controlling the inverter work
Make one group of conducting in two groups of switches, another group of shutdown, to drive the motor operation；The voltage detecting circuit and the control
Device connection processed, to detect the three-phase voltage for being input to three windings of motor；The controller includes:
Memory；
Processor；And
Motor control program, the motor control program are stored in the memory, the motor control program quilt
The step of motor control method is realized when the processor executes.
To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a kind of computer-readable storage mediums, described computer-readable
The step of storage medium is stored with motor control program, and the motor control program realizes the motor control method.
It is inverse to be first shut off driving when getting motor switching command for motor control method provided by the invention, controller
Become device to export and disconnect the one group of switch and realize what triangle switched to star-like connection of realizing that star switches to triangle connection
One group of switch, and detection is input to the three-phase voltage value of three windings inside motor respectively, when any two-phase of three-phase voltage value
When the absolute value of the difference of voltage value is within the scope of preset voltage value, control be connected in another group of switch corresponding two windings it
Between switch conduction, until completing motor when another group of switch in three windings between any two winding all turns on
Star connects switching or triangle to triangle and switches to star-like connection.Due in closure switch, corresponding two-phase voltage
Value is very close to therefore voltage difference between the two is small, thus electric current is small when by closing the switch, and is avoided in the prior art with this
The problem of motor causes greatly switching damage by the electric current of switching switch when realizing the connection switching of star three, improve switch work
Reliability and stability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the motor control assembly electrical block diagram of motor control method first embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that voltage waveform of the inverter output load of the motor control assembly in Fig. 1 on motor three-phase windings shows
It is intended to；
Fig. 3 is the motor triangle and star-like connection schematic diagram of motor control method of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is electric machine controller the functional block diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, it is intended to is used to explain the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
Referring to Fig.1, Fig. 1 is the motor control method that first embodiment of the invention provides based on motor control assembly circuit
Structural schematic diagram, for ease of description, only parts related to embodiments of the present invention are shown, and details are as follows:
Motor control assembly includes voltage detecting circuit 4, controller 3, inverter 1 and carries out to three windings of motor
The motor switching circuit 2 of star-like connection or triangle connection switching control, motor switching circuit 2 includes for realizing star to three
One group of switch of Angle connection switching, and the one group of switch switched for realizing triangle to star-like connection, controller 3 are used for
It controls inverter 1 to work, and controls one group of conducting in two groups of switches, another group of shutdown is run with driving motor；Voltage detecting
Circuit 4 is connect with controller 3, to detect the three-phase voltage for being input to three windings of motor；Motor control method includes:
When receiving motor switching command, control inverter 1 stops working, and controls the one group of switch be currently connected and close
It is disconnected；
Obtain the corresponding detecting voltage by three phase value of three-phase voltage of three windings of motor；
When the voltage detecting value for determining any two-phase in detecting voltage by three phase value difference absolute value in preset voltage value
When in range, the switch conduction being connected between corresponding two windings in another group of switch is controlled, until any in three windings
When another group of switch between two windings all turns on, complete the star of motor to triangle connect switching or triangle to
Star-like connection switching.
In the embodiment of the present invention, three windings of motor are L1, L2 and L3 shown in FIG. 1 respectively.
Motor involved in motor control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention can be permanent magnet synchronous motor
(permanent magnet synchronous motor, PMSM), due to needing full frequency band efficiency in existing PMSM control
The boundary being optimal needs to be promoted main flux in middle low frequency, reduces stator current, reduces frequency converter and the loss of electric machine, high
Main flux is reduced when frequency, and reduce weak magnetic can bring power of motor factor it is relatively low, load capacity is on the weak side and electric efficiency is low
The problems such as.
The voltage equation of existing motor is as follows:
Wherein Rs is motor phase resistance, and ia, ib, ic is the phase current of motor.Ψ a, Ψ b, Ψ c, is motor three-phase respectively
Magnetic linkage.
The flux linkage equations of motor are as follows:
Wherein LA、MAB、MCA、MBA、LB、MBC、MAC、MBC, Lc difference motor three-phase windings self-induction and mutual inductance.ΨfIt is permanent magnetism
Body magnetic linkage.θ is motor rotor position, and W is motor speed.
As can be seen that machine phase voltages are related to permanent magnet flux linkage and motor speed in no phase current.
Load is as follows in the phase voltage Ua calculation formula of the one of winding of motor:
Ua=P (ψ f × cos (θ+ω t))
Fig. 2 is voltage waveform view of the load of the output of inverter 1 on three windings of motor, and wherein A, B, C distinguish
For the voltage waveform of corresponding phase voltage Ua, Ub, Uc, it can be seen that when at the moment such as θ=0, θ=120 °, θ=240 °, and
There is no cos under current conditions (θ+ω t) to be equal to 0, so that Ua, Ub, Uc could be respectively zero, but when wherein a phase is electric by Ua, Ub, Uc
When pressure is zero, other two-phase voltages are all not zero, so if switched at these, then the two of them winding of motor
Between two-phase voltage difference it is still very high, it is still very big by the electric current between winding at this time, be not suitable for switching over.
As shown in Figure 2,1 driving motor of inverter, the three-phase voltage loaded on three windings of motor change constantly,
When motor switching circuit is when the star to motor connects with triangle and switches over, the voltage on loading motor winding may be non-
Chang Gao, such as when motor is in triangle connection status, as shown in the A figure in Fig. 3, load is distinguished at each winding both ends of motor
It is A phase and C phase voltage for different line voltages, such as both ends machine winding L1, and to shown in the B figure in Fig. 3, it loads every in motor
A two winding both ends are respectively different line voltages, if the both ends machine winding L1 and L3 are A phase and C phase voltage, when in Fig. 2
In the tx moment when, the instantaneous differential pressure between phase voltage A and phase voltage C is very high, reaches maximum value when having arrived the t2 moment, such as
These moment of fruit carry out triangle to star-like connection and switch, then very high by the electric current of machine winding L1, or carry out star extremely
Triangle connection switching, then it is very high by the electric current of machine winding L1 and L2, while but also passing through switching switch accordingly
Electric current is very high, therefore is easy when switching over for a long time because causing switching damage by switching switch over-current.
Therefore motor control method of the invention is carrying out motor star to when triangle connection switching, and closing, driving is inverse
After change device 1 exports and disconnects all switches of first switch group and second switch group, it is input to inside motor by detecting respectively
The three-phase voltage value of three windings, when any two-phase voltage value of three-phase voltage value relatively when, closure is connected to corresponding two
The switch being located in first switch group or second switch group between phase winding, so that the voltage between this two phase winding
Poor very little, thus it is small by the electric current of corresponding winding and switching switch, play the role of protection switching switch.
The specific motor control assembly in Fig. 2, inverter 1 are to constitute motor driven upper and lower bridge arm based on six tunnels
Power tube, specifically Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 and Q6, and parallel high-speed freewheeling diode on each power tube.Inverter 1 is being controlled
Output three-phase current is to three windings L1, L2 and L3 of motor to realize under the device 3 processed i.e. six road pwm signals control of MCU output
The normal operation of motor.
Wherein switching circuit 2 is opened including first switch S1, second switch S2, third switch S3, the 4th switch Y1 and the 5th
Y2 is closed, connecting the one group of switch switched to triangle for realizing star is first switch S1, second switch S2, third switch
S3, the one group of switch switched for realizing triangle to star-like connection is the 4th switch Y1 and the 5th switch Y2.
The three-phase that the first end of first winding L1, the second winding L2 and tertiary winding L3 are separately connected the output of inverter 1 is defeated
The first end of outlet, first switch S1, second switch S2 and third switch S3 respectively with the first winding L1, the second winding L2 and
The first end of three winding L3 connects, the second end of the second end connection tertiary winding L3 of first switch S1, and the of second switch S2
Two ends connect the second end of the first winding L1, and the second end of third switch S3 connects the second end of the second winding L2；
The second end of the first end connection first switch S1 of 4th switch Y1, the second end of the 4th switch Y1 and the 5th switch
The first end of Y2 is connected to the second end of the second winding L2 altogether, and the second end of the 5th switch Y2 connects tertiary winding L3 second end；Its
In,
When first switch S1, second switch S2 are connected with third switch S3, and the 4th switch Y1 and the 5th switch Y2 is disconnected
When, motor realizes triangle connection；When first switch S1, second switch S2 and third switch S3 disconnect, and the 4th switch Y1 with
When 5th switch Y2 is connected, motor realizes star-like connection.
Above-mentioned first switch S1, second switch S2, third switch S3, the 4th switch Y1 and the 5th switch Y2 is electronic cutting
It closes, specifically can be MOS power tube or IGBT pipe, all realize that the movement of each switch switches by controller 3.
In motor operation course, when needing to carry out the conversion of star triangle, controller 3 controls inverter 1 and closes output simultaneously
After all switches for disconnecting first switch group and second switch group, due to rotor inertia relationship, motor will continue to run, therefore short
One can consider that rotor speed is constant in time, there is induced electromotive force generation on rotor, i.e., have correspondence respectively in machine winding
Phase voltage generate, still have phase voltage waveform as shown in Figure 2.
When motor needs to realize that star connects switching to triangle, three windings inside it are connected by detection motor
Three input terminals on three-phase voltage value detect that Ua, Uc are equal or the two is close as shown in Fig. 2, at the t1 moment
Equal, such as absolute value of the difference of the two realizes star between 10-20V, due to being connected to correspond between winding L1 and L3
The switch of the first switch group switched to triangle is S1, and 3 control switch S1 of controller is closed at this time, due to this two-phase voltage
Pressure difference very little, therefore pass through the electric current very little of switch S1；Similarly at the t2 moment, detects that Ub, Uc be equal or the two is close to phase
Deng at this time since the switch for being connected to the first switch group switched corresponding to realization star to triangle between winding L2 and L3 is
S3,3 control switch S3 of controller is closed at this time；At the t3 moment, detect that Ua, Ub be equal or the two be close to equal, at this time by
It is S2 in being connected to the switch for corresponding to the first switch group for realizing that star switches to triangle between winding L1 and L2, this time control
3 control switch S2 of device closure processed.By corresponding when finally realizing star in this way and connected to triangle and switched, and ensure that switching
The electric current of switch is small, ensure that the reliability and stability of switch work.
When motor needs to realize three angular star-like connections switching, at the t1 moment, detect that Ua, Uc be equal or the two
Close to it is equal when, realize opening for the second switch group that switches to star of triangle due to being connected to correspond between winding L1 and L3
Pass is Y1 and Y2, and 3 control switch Y1 and Y2 of controller are closed at this time, due to the pressure difference very little of this two-phase voltage, by opening
The electric current very little for closing Y1 and Y2 is once achieved that three angular star-like connections switchings in this way, and by corresponding when ensure that switching
The electric current of switch is small, ensure that the reliability and stability of switch work.
Certainly motor need to realize three angular star-like connections switching when, may first it is detected that when being not located at t1
Carve, but at the t2 moment as illustrated in the drawing, detect that Ub, Uc be equal or the two is close to equal, at this time due to be connected to around
Corresponding to the switch for the second switch group for realizing that triangle switches to star between group L2 and L3 is Y2, and controller 3 controls at this time
Switch Y2 closure；At next t3 moment, detects that Ua, Ub be equal or the two is close to equal, at this time due to being connected to winding L1
The switch for corresponding to the second switch group for realizing that triangle switches to star between L2 is Y1, at this time 3 control switch of controller
Y1 closure also finally realizes triangle in this way and switches to star-like connection, and passes through the electric current of respective switch when ensure that switching
It is small, it ensure that the reliability and stability of switch work.
It is worth noting that above-mentioned voltage detecting circuit 4 detects the corresponding phase voltage value of each winding, can be based on existing
Circuit is such as detected by way of divider resistance, and which is not described herein again.
Motor control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, controller are first shut off when getting motor switching command
Driving inverter 1 is exported and is disconnected and realizes star to one group of switch of triangle connection switching and realize triangle to star-like connection
One group of switch of switching, and detection is input to the three-phase voltage value of three windings inside motor respectively, when appointing for three-phase voltage value
When the absolute value of the difference of one two-phase voltage value is within the scope of preset voltage value, controls and be connected to correspondence two in another group of switch
Switch conduction between winding, until being completed when another group of switch in three windings between any two winding all turns on
The star of motor connects switching or triangle to triangle and switches to star-like connection.Due in closure switch, corresponding two
Phase voltage value is very close to therefore voltage difference between the two is small, thus electric current is small when by closing the switch, and is avoided with this existing
The problem of switching damage is caused greatly by the electric current of switching switch when motor realizes the connection switching of star three in technology, improve switch
The reliability and stability of work.
The present invention also provides a kind of motor control assembly, the equipment for applying motor to work is arranged in such as in motor control assembly
In household appliance, industrial equipment, such as it is applied to air conditioner, outdoor unit of the air conditioner motor is PMSM, outdoor controller
Upper to be provided with motor control assembly, motor control assembly includes: voltage detecting circuit 4, controller 3, inverter 1 and to motor
Three windings carry out star-like connection or triangle connection switching control motor switching circuit 2, motor switching circuit 2 include use
It is opened in one group of switch for realizing that star switches to triangle connection, and for realizing one group that triangle switches to star-like connection
It closes, controller controls one group of conducting in two groups of switches, another group of shutdown, with driving motor for controlling inverter work
Operation；Voltage detecting circuit 4 is connect with controller 3；Controller 3 is as shown in Figure 4, comprising: processor 31, memory 32, storage
Device 32 is stored with application program 33, and application program 33 is the control program of motor control method, in addition to storing application program 32, also
It can store other control parameters.Processor 31 is real by executing the application program 33 being stored on the memory of air conditioner
Switching between the triangle or star-like connection of existing motor.
Processor 31 executes above-mentioned first embodiment of the control method with motor control method of the invention of program, herein
It repeats no more.
The present invention also proposes that a kind of computer-readable storage medium, above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium are stored with electricity
Machine control program, motor control program realize above-mentioned first to embodiment motor control method the step of.Above-mentioned computer can
Reading storage medium can be the memory 32 being set in terminal device as described in Figure 4, such as FLASH memory, either
The pocket memory used can be moved, above-mentioned memory also can integrate in processing 31, for the built-in storage of processing 31
Device.
In the description of this specification, the description meaning of reference term " first embodiment ", " second embodiment ", " example " etc.
Refer to specific method, device or feature described in conjunction with this embodiment or example be contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or
In example.In the present specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily have to refer to the same embodiment or example.And
And specific features, method, apparatus or the feature of description can be in any one or more of the embodiments or examples with suitable sides
Formula combines.In addition, without conflicting with each other, those skilled in the art can will be described in this specification different real
The feature for applying example or example and different embodiments or examples is combined.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, all to utilize this hair
Equivalent structure or equivalent flow shift made by bright specification and accompanying drawing content is applied directly or indirectly in other relevant skills
Art field, is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of motor control method, the motor control method is applied to motor control assembly, which is characterized in that the motor
Control device includes voltage detecting circuit, controller, inverter and carries out star-like connection or triangle to three windings of motor
Shape connects the motor switching circuit of switching control, and the motor switching circuit includes connecting to switch to triangle for realizing star
One group of switch, and the one group of switch switched for realizing triangle to star-like connection, the controller is described for controlling
Inverter work, and control one group of conducting in two groups of switches, another group of shutdown, to drive the motor operation；The voltage
Detection circuit is connect with the controller, to detect the three-phase voltage for being input to three windings of motor；The motor control
Method processed includes:
It when receiving motor switching command, controls the inverter and stops working, and control the one group of switch OFF be currently connected；
Obtain the corresponding detecting voltage by three phase value of three-phase voltage of three windings of motor；
When determining the absolute value of the difference of the voltage detecting value of any two-phase in the detecting voltage by three phase value in preset voltage value
When in range, control the switch conduction being connected between two windings of the correspondence in another group of switch, until three around
When another group of switch in group between any two winding all turns on, the star for completing the motor connects to triangle
Switching or triangle switch to star-like connection.
2. motor control method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The preset voltage value range is 10-20V.
3. motor control method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the motor is permanent magnet synchronous motor.
4. a kind of motor control assembly, which is characterized in that including voltage detecting circuit, controller, inverter and to motor
Three windings carry out the motor switching circuit of star-like connection or triangle connection switching control, and the motor switching circuit includes using
It is opened in one group of switch for realizing that star switches to triangle connection, and for realizing one group that triangle switches to star-like connection
It closing, the controller controls one group of conducting in two groups of switches for controlling the inverter work, another group of shutdown, with
Drive the motor operation；The voltage detecting circuit is connect with the controller, is input to three, the motor to detect
The three-phase voltage of winding；Wherein,
The controller includes memory, processor and storage in the memory and can run on the processor
Motor control program is realized as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 when the motor control program is executed by the processor
Motor control method the step of.
5. motor control assembly as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that described to be cut for realizing star to triangle connection
The one group of switch changed includes: first switch, second switch, third switch, described to switch for realizing triangle to star-like connection
One group of switch include: the 4th switch and the 5th switch；
The first switch, second switch and third switch first end respectively with the first winding of the motor, the second winding
It is connected with the first end of the tertiary winding, the second end of the first switch connects the second end of the tertiary winding of the motor, institute
State second switch second end connect the motor the first winding second end, described in the second end connection of third switch
The second end of second winding of motor；
The first end of 4th switch connects the second end of the first switch, the second end of the 4th switch and described the
The first end of five switches is connected to the second end of the second winding of the motor altogether, and the second end of the 5th switch connects the electricity
The tertiary winding second end of machine；Wherein,
It is described when the first switch, second switch and third switch connection, and when the 4th switch and the 5th switch disconnection
Motor realizes triangle connection；It is disconnected when the first switch, second switch and third switch, and the 4th switch and the 5th
When switch connection, the motor realizes star-like connection.
6. motor control assembly as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the first switch, second switch, third are opened
It closes, the 4th switch and the 5th switch are IGBT pipe or metal-oxide-semiconductor.
7. a kind of computer-readable storage medium, which is characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium is stored with motor
Program is controlled, the motor control program realizes motor control as claimed any one in claims 1 to 3 when being executed by processor
The step of method processed.
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