CN102412765A - Three-phase motor winding star-to-angle soft switching semi-solid controlling device and control method thereof - Google Patents
Three-phase motor winding star-to-angle soft switching semi-solid controlling device and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102412765A CN102412765A CN2011103701442A CN201110370144A CN102412765A CN 102412765 A CN102412765 A CN 102412765A CN 2011103701442 A CN2011103701442 A CN 2011103701442A CN 201110370144 A CN201110370144 A CN 201110370144A CN 102412765 A CN102412765 A CN 102412765A
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Abstract
The invention provides a three-phase motor winding star-to-angle soft switching semi-solid controlling device and a control method thereof, belonging to the motor and motion control technology field. The device comprises a detection unit, a one-chip microcomputer control unit, a drive unit, a trigger unit, a contactor, a silicon controlled rectifier, and a main circuit other elements and connecting wires part. The detection unit is connected with the one-chip microcomputer control unit. The contactor is connected with a motor three-phase winding to form star type connection and angle type connection. A head end of the main circuit other elements and connecting wires part is connected with a three-phase alternating current power supply, is connected to the contactor and the silicon controlled rectifier, and is connected to the motor winding finally. In addition, the main circuit other elements and connecting wires part converts alternating current into direct current to supply power to the one-chip microcomputer control unit and the drive unit. The device and the method have the following advantages that: through series trigger control, smooth transition of a motor magnetic linkage between three-phase winding star connection and three-phase winding angle connection is realized, current and torque impact in a star-to-angle switching process is inhibited, star-to-angle switching energy saving efficiency is raised, and rapidity of star-to-angle soft switching is ensured.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to motor and movement control technology field, particularly relate to a kind of threephase motor winding star angle soft handover semisolid control device and control method.
Background technology
Switch at threephase motor star angle is a kind of pressure regulating energy-saving technology that simply is prone to realization, is mainly used in load on the motor that changes between underloading and the heavy duty of being everlasting.
Existing star angle switching device shifter is divided into two kinds usually.A kind of is traditional star angle switching device shifter, i.e. shutoff and conducting through the Single-chip Controlling contactor realizes the switching of star angle.This device is carrying out motor star angle when switching, and the contactor arc light is prone to cause short circuit, fail safe and poor reliability, and can not satisfy the requirement of quick switching.A kind ofly in addition replace contactor with controllable silicon, through single-chip microcomputer to the silicon controlled conducting with turn-off the switching that realizes the star angle.This device adopts the strategy of controllable silicon three-phase conducting simultaneously when carrying out the switching of motor star angle, satisfied the requirement of switching rapidity, but the motor stator side still very big impulse current can occur.The generation of impulse current can cause the loss of power.When being applied in the load that need frequently carry out switching at the star angle (like beam pumping unit, conveyer, elevator and disintegrating machine etc.), frequent a large amount of power losss that rush of current caused will make the star angle switch energy-saving efficiency and become very low.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of threephase motor winding star angle soft handover semisolid control device and control method.Adopt a kind of threephase motor winding star angle soft hand-off to solve the shortcoming of above-mentioned two kinds of star angle switching device shifters.Adopt contactless no electric arc reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor, through series trigger control realize the motor magnetic linkage three phase winding stars connect and corner connection between seamlessly transit, thereby suppressed electric current and the torque shock ends in the handoff procedure of star angle, improved the star angle and switched energy-conservation efficient.In addition, semisolid control has reduced the reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor quantity of device, has reduced the cost of device.
Threephase motor winding star of the present invention angle soft handover semisolid control device comprises detecting unit, Single-chip Controlling unit, driver element, trigger element, contactor, controllable silicon, other element of main circuit and wiring.Detecting unit links to each other with single machine unit, is single-chip microcomputer collection and processing electric simulation amount signal; Single-chip Controlling unit output command is to driver element, the closure of control contactor and disjunction, and contactor links to each other with motor three phase windings, constitutes star-like connection and is connected with the angle type; Single-chip Controlling unit output command is to trigger element, and the controllable silicon that control is series between power supply and the motor is implemented the soft handover control of star angle; Other element of main circuit and wiring head end connect three-phase alternating-current supply, are connected to contactor and controllable silicon, connect the motor winding at last, also interchange are become DC power supply in addition and give single machine unit and driver element power supply.(seeing accompanying drawing 1)
The Single-chip Controlling unit: the Single-chip Controlling unit can adopt any general single chip chip more than 8.The Single-chip Controlling unit also comprises the A/D conversion unit, with detection to the voltage and current signal change into the treatable digital signal of single-chip microcomputer.
Detecting unit: form by voltage transformer and current sensor, be used for gathering in real time and handling motor voltage and current signal;
Driver element: comprise by relay module and other power amplification element, be used for driving the closed of contactor coil control switch and turn-offing;
Trigger element: comprise pulse generation device, gate circuit and other power device, produce conducting and shutoff that trigger impulse is used to control reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor.
Contactor: meet contactor KM2 by corner connection contactor KM1 and star and constitute, KM1 is used for being connected with motor winding angle type type, and KM1 is used for being connected with the motor winding is star-like.
Controllable silicon: be made up of three pairs of reverse-blocking tetrode thyristors, represent with SCR, series wiring is a main element of implementing the soft handover control of star angle between power supply and motor winding.Concrete reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor can be bidirectional thyristor, anti-parallel thyristor, GTO, IGBT, IGCT or other power electronic element.
In addition; In the connecting circuit of contactor coil and driver element; It is interlocking that corner connection contactor KM1 and star connect between the contactor KM2, avoided the main circuit star to connect and corner connection between closed simultaneously and cause short circuit when switching, improved the fail safe and the reliability of device.
Connect the different of connection mode according to above-mentioned corner connection contactor KM1 with motor winding angle type; There are 2 kinds of different topological structures in threephase motor winding star angle soft handover semisolid control device, and a kind of is that KM1 is with motor winding end line U1 and W2, V1 and U2; W1 link to each other with V2 (accompanying drawing 2); Another kind be KM1 with motor winding end line U1 and V2, V1 and W2, W1 link to each other with U2 (accompanying drawing 3).
Threephase motor winding star angle soft handover semisolid control method is characterized in that,
Step 1, the electric current of detection threephase motor and voltage signal, through the AD conversion, critical load rate β is switched at single-chip microcomputer analytical calculation motor load rate β and star angle
c
If step 2 is β＜β
c, the Single-chip Controlling unit signals to driver element, and control contactor KM1 turn-offs; KM2 is closed, signals to trigger element again, triggers control strategy triggering and conducting controllable silicon SCR according to star angle soft handover; Threephase motor is connect to star by corner connection carry out soft handover, concrete execution in step 4;
If step 3 is β＞β
c, the Single-chip Controlling unit signals to driver element, and control contactor KM2 turn-offs; KM1 is closed, signals to trigger element again, triggers control strategy triggering and conducting controllable silicon SCR according to star angle soft handover; Threephase motor is connect to corner connection by star carry out soft handover, concrete execution in step 4.
Step 4 is carried out star angle soft handover and triggered control operation, and is specific as follows:
Single-chip microcomputer detects power line voltage U
BCZero crossing after, the time-delay α
0Angle begins that SCR is implemented series and triggers control, makes the sequential turn-on of three-phase according to BC-ABC-AB-ABC-CA-ABC-, during progressively adjust trigger angle from α
1To α
n, finally end at the complete conducting of ABC three-phase, electric current and torque are not all smoothly had carry out the transition to stable state with impacting.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention adopts threephase motor winding soft hand-off; Utilize six pairs of contactless no electric arc reverse-blocking tetrode thyristors; Through series trigger control realize the motor magnetic linkage three phase winding stars connect and corner connection between transition smoothly; Thereby suppressed electric current and torque shock ends in the handoff procedure of star angle, improved the rapidity that has also guaranteed star angle soft handover when energy-saving efficiency is switched at the star angle.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a control device sketch map of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of semisolid controller main circuit diagram of threephase motor star of the present invention angle soft handover control device.
Fig. 3 is the another kind of topological structure of threephase motor star of the present invention angle soft handover control device semisolid controller main circuit diagram.
Fig. 4 is the secondary circuit circuit diagram of control device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a control method flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
Threephase motor winding star of the present invention angle soft handover semisolid control device comprises detecting unit, Single-chip Controlling unit, driver element, trigger element, contactor, controllable silicon, other element of main circuit and wiring.Detecting unit links to each other with single machine unit, is single-chip microcomputer collection and processing electric simulation amount signal; Single-chip Controlling unit output command is to driver element, the closure of control contactor and disjunction, and contactor links to each other with motor three phase windings, constitutes star-like connection and is connected with the angle type; Single-chip Controlling unit output command is to trigger element, and the controllable silicon that control is series between power supply and the motor is implemented the soft handover control of star angle; Other element of main circuit and wiring head end connect three-phase alternating-current supply, are connected to contactor and controllable silicon, connect the motor winding at last, also interchange are become DC power supply in addition and give Single-chip Controlling unit and driver element power supply.
Through embodiment and accompanying drawing the present invention is done further explain below.
With reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is a control device sketch map of the present invention.The control device main circuit is connected with motor, and the voltage transformer summation current transformer detects the voltage and current of mains side in the detecting unit.The voltage and current signal is through behind the modulate circuit, nursed one's health to be the voltage signal the between-10V-+10V.AD converter converts the analog quantity of gathering to digital quantity, is transferred to single-chip microcomputer.Single-chip microcomputer carries out analytical calculation to the digital signal that input is come in, and judges and when carries out star angle soft handover, and then give the trigger element signal.Its signal is isolated through photoelectricity earlier, forms trigger impulse through pulse generation circuit then, and then the conducting of control reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor SCR; And isolate through photoelectricity to the signal of driver element, realize the closed and shutoff of contactor KM1 and KM2 through the coil that drives relay.
Fig. 2 is the main circuit diagram of a kind of threephase motor winding star angle soft handover semisolid controller, and motor three phase windings and contactor KM1 form corner connection, connect with contactor KM2 star, connect with three-phase controllable silicon switch S CR again, are connected to three phase mains.Particularly, its topological structure be KM1 with motor winding end line U1 and W2, V1 and U2, W1 links to each other with V2.
Fig. 3 is the another kind of topology diagram of corner connection in the soft handover semisolid controller main circuit of above-mentioned threephase motor winding star angle.Variation has taken place in the contactor KM1 among Fig. 3 and the topological structure of three phase winding corner connections, and KM1 is motor winding end line U1 and V2, V1 and W2, and W1 links to each other with U2.
Fig. 4 be apparatus of the present invention secondary circuit figure.Single-chip microcomputer sends low level signal for the drive circuit of KM1, the coil electricity of relay K A1, and normally opened contact KA1-O is closed; The KM1 coil is closed; The normally-closed contact KM1-C of KM1 breaks off, this moment the KM2 coil blackout, KM2 is in off state when having guaranteed that KM1 is closed.KM1 necessarily turn-offed when in like manner KM2 was closed.Realized the interlocking between KM1 and the KM2.
Connect main circuit with reference to Fig. 2, threephase motor winding star angle soft handover control method flow process is as shown in Figure 5, and the practical implementation step is following:
Step 1: single-chip microcomputer sends signal to drive circuit, behind the closed KM1, makes the conducting simultaneously of SCR three-phase; Motor gets into corner connection operation mode of operation;
Step 2: detection is to mains side voltage and current signal;
Step 3:AD transducer changes into digital signal with the analog signal of voltage and current;
Step 4: motor load rate β calculated by the single-chip microcomputer analysis meter and critical load rate β is switched at the star angle
c
Step 5: if β＜β
c, get into step 6, otherwise keep the corner connection running status;
Step 6: single-chip microcomputer closes in the SCR1 zero passage naturally has no progeny, and control KM1 breaks off;
Step 7: it is closed that single-chip microcomputer sends signal controlling KM2 to drive circuit, controls the trigger policy triggering and conducting of SCR according to star angle soft handover then;
Step 8: if β＞β
c, get into step 9, otherwise keep star to connect running status;
Step 9: single-chip microcomputer closes in the SCR zero passage naturally has no progeny, and control KM2 breaks off;
Step 10: it is closed that single-chip microcomputer sends signal controlling KM1 to drive circuit, controls the serial trigger policy triggering and conducting of SCR according to star angle soft handover then;
Step 11: repeat 4 to 10 step, realize the frequent soft handover at threephase motor winding star angle.
Enforcement for step 7 and step 10 culminant star angle soft handover; Be to send instructions continuously to the silicon controlled trigger element through the Single-chip Controlling unit; Control that three pairs of reverse-blocking tetrode thyristors are conducted according to two and three alternately the modes of being conducted are implemented series and triggered control, end at the operating state of reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor three-phase conducting simultaneously at last.This star angle soft handover control of motor has realized stator magnetic linkage is progressively adjusted, thereby has eliminated the impulse current of motor stator side.It is following that star angle soft handover specifically triggers control strategy:
Step X1: BC phase thyristor is at U among the reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor SCR
BCPeak point is the delay-angle α of benchmark
0Begin to trigger;
Step X2: at B phase and C phase current I
BAnd I
CNot before the zero passage, with U
BCPeak point is the delay-angle α of benchmark
1AAs third phase A conducting trigger angle;
Step X3: close naturally in C phase current zero passage and to have no progeny, motor is in the AB conducting state.With U
ABPeak point is the delay-angle α of benchmark
1CAs C phase trigger angle, C is conducted, motor gets into the three-phase conducting state again;
Step X4: close naturally in B phase current zero passage and to have no progeny, motor is in the CA conducting state.With U
CAPeak point is the delay-angle α of benchmark
1BAs B phase trigger angle, B is conducted, motor gets into the three-phase conducting state again;
Step X5: at following half cycle with U
BC, U
ABAnd U
CANegative peak point be the trigger angle α of benchmark
2A, α
2CAnd α
2BTo A, C and B mutually reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor carry out conducting, realize that motor two is conducted and three alternating states that are conducted in half cycle;
Step X6: the given one group of new trigger angle of each half-wave, repeat above-mentioned steps.
Step X7: set and stop trigger angle α
10, in 5 cycles, accomplish the soft handover that star connects.
The trigger angle α of above-mentioned star angle soft handover
0～α
10Span be 130 ° to 70 °.
Through threephase motor winding star angle soft handover semisolid control device and control method; Can in the handoff procedure of star angle, eliminate the rush of current that the motor winding switches at the star angle well; Thereby improved the star angle and switched energy-conservation efficient, adopted the semisolid control device cost of three pairs of reverse-blocking tetrode thyristors also to obtain reduction.
Claims (5)
1. a threephase motor winding star angle soft handover semisolid control device is characterized in that, bag detecting unit, Single-chip Controlling unit, driver element, trigger element, contactor, controllable silicon, other element of main circuit and wiring; Detecting unit links to each other with single machine unit, is single-chip microcomputer collection and processing electric simulation amount signal; Single-chip Controlling unit output command is to driver element, the closure of control contactor and disjunction, and contactor links to each other with motor three phase windings, constitutes star-like connection and is connected with the angle type; Single-chip Controlling unit output command is to trigger element, and the controllable silicon that control is series between power supply and the motor is implemented the soft handover control of star angle; Other element of main circuit and wiring head end connect three-phase alternating-current supply, are connected to contactor and controllable silicon, connect the motor winding at last, also interchange are become DC power supply in addition and give single machine unit and driver element power supply;
Detecting unit: form by voltage transformer and current sensor, be used for gathering in real time and handling motor voltage and current signal;
Driver element: comprise by relay module and other power amplification element, be used for driving the closed of contactor coil control switch and turn-offing;
Trigger element: comprise pulse generation device, gate circuit and other power device, produce conducting and shutoff that trigger impulse is used to control reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor.
Contactor: meet contactor KM2 by corner connection contactor KM1 and star and constitute, KM1 is used for being connected with motor winding angle type type, and KM1 is used for being connected with the motor winding is star-like.
Controllable silicon: be made up of three pairs of reverse-blocking tetrode thyristors, represent with SCR, series wiring is between power supply and motor winding.
2. threephase motor winding star according to claim 1 angle soft handover semisolid control device is characterized in that control unit adopts any general single chip chip more than 8; The Single-chip Controlling unit also comprises the A/D conversion unit, with detection to the voltage and current signal change into the treatable digital signal of single-chip microcomputer.
3. threephase motor winding star according to claim 1 angle soft handover semisolid control device is characterized in that reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor can be bidirectional thyristor, anti-parallel thyristor, GTO, IGBT, IGCT.
4. threephase motor winding star according to claim 1 angle soft handover semisolid control device; It is characterized in that; In the connecting circuit of contactor coil and driver element; It is interlocking that corner connection contactor KM1 and star connect between the contactor KM2, avoided the main circuit star to connect and corner connection between closed simultaneously and cause short circuit when switching, improved the fail safe and the reliability of device.
5. one kind is adopted the said device of claim 1 to carry out threephase motor winding star angle soft handover semisolid control method, it is characterized in that, comprises step:
(1) electric current of detection threephase motor and voltage signal, through the AD conversion, critical load rate β is switched at single-chip microcomputer analytical calculation motor load rate β and star angle
c
(2) as β＜β
c, the Single-chip Controlling unit signals to driver element, and control contactor KM1 turn-offs; KM2 is closed, signals to trigger element again, triggers control strategy triggering and conducting controllable silicon SCR according to star angle soft handover; Threephase motor is connect to star by corner connection carry out soft handover, concrete execution in step (4);
(3) as β＞β
c, the Single-chip Controlling unit signals to driver element, and control contactor KM2 turn-offs; KM1 is closed, signals to trigger element again, triggers control strategy triggering and conducting controllable silicon SCR according to star angle soft handover; Threephase motor is connect to corner connection by star carry out soft handover, concrete execution in step (4);
(4) carry out star angle soft handover and trigger control operation, specific as follows:
Single-chip microcomputer detects power line voltage U
BCZero crossing after, the time-delay α
0Angle begins that SCR is implemented series and triggers control, makes the sequential turn-on of three-phase according to BC-ABC-AB-ABC-CA-ABC-, during progressively adjust trigger angle from α
1To α
n, finally end at the complete conducting of ABC three-phase, electric current and torque are not all smoothly had carry out the transition to stable state with impacting.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2011103701442A CN102412765A (en) | 2011-11-18 | 2011-11-18 | Three-phase motor winding star-to-angle soft switching semi-solid controlling device and control method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011103701442A CN102412765A (en) | 2011-11-18 | 2011-11-18 | Three-phase motor winding star-to-angle soft switching semi-solid controlling device and control method thereof |
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| CN103219941A (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2013-07-24 | 北京优尔特科技股份有限公司 | Switching circuit and switching method of star-shaped / triangular general savor for motor |
| CN103312258A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2013-09-18 | 东营市凌通石油机械制业有限责任公司 | Motor control system and method |
| CN106438314A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-02-22 | 周顺新 | Starlike/triangular seamless joint intelligent control system for air compressor energy-saving operation |
| CN107592054A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-01-16 | 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司 | Motor control method, motor control assembly and storage medium |
| CN117082829A (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2023-11-17 | 东营市沃格艾迪石油技术有限公司 | Automatic star-angle conversion energy-saving control device for oil pumping unit |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103219941A (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2013-07-24 | 北京优尔特科技股份有限公司 | Switching circuit and switching method of star-shaped / triangular general savor for motor |
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| CN106438314A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-02-22 | 周顺新 | Starlike/triangular seamless joint intelligent control system for air compressor energy-saving operation |
| CN107592054A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-01-16 | 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司 | Motor control method, motor control assembly and storage medium |
| CN107592054B (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2019-10-01 | 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司 | Motor control method, motor control assembly and storage medium |
| CN117082829A (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2023-11-17 | 东营市沃格艾迪石油技术有限公司 | Automatic star-angle conversion energy-saving control device for oil pumping unit |
| CN117082829B (en) * | 2023-08-28 | 2024-03-01 | 东营市沃格艾迪石油技术有限公司 | Automatic star-angle conversion energy-saving control device for oil pumping unit |
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Application publication date: 20120411 |