CN113299504B - Magnetic control oscillation type direct current breaker with multi-medium fractures connected in series - Google Patents
Magnetic control oscillation type direct current breaker with multi-medium fractures connected in series Download PDFInfo
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- CN113299504B CN113299504B CN202110440262.XA CN202110440262A CN113299504B CN 113299504 B CN113299504 B CN 113299504B CN 202110440262 A CN202110440262 A CN 202110440262A CN 113299504 B CN113299504 B CN 113299504B
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- magnetic field
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- fracture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/547—Combinations of mechanical switches and static switches, the latter being controlled by the former
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/025—Disconnection after limiting, e.g. when limiting is not sufficient or for facilitating disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
- H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess voltage
Abstract
A magnetic control oscillation type direct current breaker with multi-medium fractures connected in series is composed of a main current branch, an oscillation transfer branch, an overvoltage limiting branch and an auxiliary magnetic field arc blowing assembly. The main current loop, the oscillation transfer branch and the overvoltage limiting branch are connected in parallel, and the auxiliary magnetic field arc blowing assembly provides a magnetic field. Wherein: the gas fracture and the vacuum fracture are provided with high-speed mechanical switches which are connected in series to form a main current branch, the oscillating capacitor forms an oscillation transfer branch, and the lightning arrester forms an overvoltage limiting branch. The magnetic field is provided by the magnetic field arc blowing component to force the voltage of the gas fracture and the vacuum fracture to be increased, the arcs of the two fractures oscillate together to form circuit oscillation with the characteristic frequency of the oscillation transfer branch, and the current of the main loop is forced to pass zero to complete the on-off. The direct current circuit breaker has bidirectional breaking capacity and low cost, and can be applied to a direct current power supply system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a magnetic control oscillation type direct current breaker with multi-medium fractures connected in series, which has bidirectional current breaking capacity.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous development of dc power transmission and distribution technology, dc power transmission and distribution becomes one of the mainstream directions of the development of power systems. The direct current circuit breaker is an important control device in a direct current transmission and distribution system and is used for controlling the input or the exit of a power line or equipment and protecting the normal operation of the line equipment. Because the direct current power grid has the problems of fast rising of short-circuit current, high peak value, no natural zero crossing point and the like, the design difficulty of the direct current breaker is higher than that of the alternating current breaker.
Technical solutions of the current dc circuit breaker include a mechanical circuit breaker, a solid-state circuit breaker, and a hybrid circuit breaker. The original mechanical type or mixed type needs a pre-charging capacitor or power electronics, and has high cost, large volume and difficult large-scale application.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a vacuum direct current breaker with a series gas fracture, wherein an electric arc is pulled open through a vacuum high-speed mechanical switch and the gas fracture to improve the voltage of the main branch fracture, the high arc voltage of the gas medium fracture for arc blowing is utilized to assist the arc blowing of the vacuum fracture, magnetic control oscillation is formed together, the capacitive oscillation voltage in the oscillation process is improved, the current oscillation zero crossing of a main loop is forced, and then the quick breaking is realized. The scheme of the invention is based on self-oscillation disconnection, has the advantages of low cost, small volume, high reliability and the like, and is beneficial to large-scale popularization and application. The main loop current can be transferred to the oscillation transfer branch by matching the appropriate oscillation transfer branch parameters.
Specifically, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a vacuum direct current breaker with series gas fractures is composed of a main current loop, an oscillation transfer branch, an overvoltage limiting branch and an auxiliary magnetic field arc blowing component. The main current loop, the oscillation transfer branch and the overvoltage limiting branch are connected in parallel and then led out through outlet terminals A1 and A2. The method is characterized in that:
(1) the main current circuit consists of a vacuum fracture S1 and a gas fracture S2, and a vacuum mechanical high-speed switch and a gas mechanical high-speed switch are respectively arranged.
(2) The oscillation transfer branch is composed of a matched oscillation capacitor C1.
(3) The overvoltage limiting branch consists of an arrester MOV.
And under the normal current flowing state of the system, the system current flows from the main loop. At the moment, two fractures S1 and S2 of the main loop are closed, and no voltage exists on the oscillation transfer branch capacitor C1; the auxiliary magnetic field arc blowing component is not triggered, and no magnetic field is generated; the voltage at two ends of the overvoltage limiting branch circuit does not reach a conduction threshold value, and no current flows through the overvoltage limiting branch circuit.
When short circuit fault occurs or the system receives a brake opening instruction of a superior control system, the control system sends the brake opening instruction, the control system sends a brake opening action instruction to the main loop high-speed mechanical switches S1 and S2, and the auxiliary magnetic field arc-blowing component is triggered to start. The magnetic field blowing assembly generates a magnetic field to act on the main loop high-speed mechanical switch, electric arcs burn in the gas fracture and the vacuum fracture, the vacuum electric arcs and the gas electric arcs are influenced by a transverse magnetic field generated by the magnetic field blowing assembly, frequency oscillation occurs jointly, current is transferred to an oscillation transfer branch capacitor C1, the main loop current oscillates to zero and charges the transfer branch capacitor, after the oscillation capacitor C1 is charged to a conduction threshold value of the overvoltage limiting branch, the current is transferred from the oscillation transfer branch to the overvoltage limiting branch, the current is discharged through the voltage limiting branch, and the breaker is turned on or off.
The breaker main loop fracture is characterized in that: the fractures S1 and S2 are provided with high-speed mechanical switches, including but not limited to a high-speed mechanical switch based on electromagnetic repulsion, a mechanical switch based on high-speed motor drive or a high-speed mechanical switch based on permanent magnetic repulsion. The fracture S1 is a vacuum mechanical switch, and the fracture S2 is a gas mechanical switch.
The circuit breaker magnetic field arc-blowing assembly is characterized in that: and magnetic field arc blowing assemblies are arranged outside the fractures S1 and S2, and include but are not limited to one or more of the following combinations: electromagnet, electromagnetic coil, permanent magnet.
The circuit breaker magnetic field arcing assembly is further characterized in that: the magnetic field provided by the components for the fractures S1 and S2 may be several of the following: a transverse magnetic field in a single direction, a superposed transverse magnetic field in a plurality of directions and a rotary transverse magnetic field.
The oscillating capacitor of the circuit breaker is characterized in that: the oscillation capacitor C1 of the oscillation transfer branch circuit is a single capacitor, a series-parallel capacitor bank, a single capacitor series inductor, or a series-parallel capacitor bank series inductor.
The high-speed mechanical switch of the circuit breaker is filled with gas and is characterized in that: the fill gas within the fill gas high speed mechanical switch includes, but is not limited to, one or more mixtures of the following gases: air, compressed air, nitrogen, hydrogen, SF6 gas, inert gas.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the disclosure. It is apparent that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the disclosure, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort. Also, like parts are designated by like reference numerals throughout the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a circuit breaker body;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit breaker of the present invention;
fig. 3(a) to 3(d) are schematic structural diagrams of the circuit breaker of the present invention in operation;
fig. 4 is an example of a circuit breaker of the present invention, the breaking being a vacuum breaking and an air breaking;
fig. 5 is an example of a circuit breaker of the present invention, the breaking being a vacuum breaking and an N2 gas breaking;
fig. 6 is an example of a circuit breaker of the invention, the interruptions being vacuum interruptions and H2 gas interruptions;
fig. 7 is an example of the circuit breaker of the present invention, the breaking is a vacuum breaking and an air breaking, each of which is provided with an independent oscillating capacitor;
fig. 8 is an example of a circuit breaker of the present invention, the break being a vacuum break and an air break, each provided with an independent oscillating capacitor and an independent MOV;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a configuration of the break and field blowing assembly of the present invention;
fig. 10(a) to 10(c) are partial drive circuit topologies of the magnetic field arcing components of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings fig. 1 to 10 (c). While specific embodiments of the disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the disclosure can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
It should be noted that certain terms are used throughout the description and claims to refer to particular components. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, various names may be used to refer to a component. This specification and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. The description which follows is a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, but is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the disclosure and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure is to be determined by the terms of the appended claims.
To facilitate an understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following detailed description is to be considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the drawings are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a vacuum dc circuit breaker with series gas fracture, which is composed of a main current loop, an oscillation transfer branch, an overvoltage limiting branch and an auxiliary magnetic field arc-blowing loop. The main current loop, the oscillation transfer branch and the overvoltage limiting branch are connected in parallel and then led out through outlet terminals A1 and A2. The main current loop consists of a vacuum high speed mechanical switch S1 and a gas filled high speed mechanical switch S2. The oscillation transfer branch is formed by a matched oscillation capacitor C1. The overvoltage limiting branch is formed by connecting zinc oxide arresters MOV in series and in parallel.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit breaker of the present invention. When the breaker receives a brake opening instruction, the vacuum high-speed mechanical switch and the gas high-speed mechanical switch act to generate an electric arc, and the auxiliary magnetic field arc-blowing component acts to generate a magnetic field to force the voltage of the vacuum electric arc to change, wherein the characteristic frequency is f 1; the characteristic frequency f2 of an LC loop is formed by an oscillation capacitor on the oscillation transfer branch and stray inductance in the line; when the two characteristic frequencies are close, the current oscillates between the main current loop and the oscillation transfer branch circuit, and the effects of current transfer and charging of the oscillation capacitor are achieved.
Fig. 3(a) to 3(d) are schematic structural diagrams of the circuit breaker in this embodiment.
As shown in fig. 3(a), in a normal system current flowing state, a system current flows from the main circuit. At the moment, the main loop high-speed mechanical switches S1 and S2 are closed, and no voltage exists on the oscillation transfer branch capacitor C1; a certain pre-charging voltage is applied to the auxiliary magnetic field arc-blowing capacitor C2, the power semiconductor device T1 on the magnetic field arc-blowing loop is not triggered, and the magnetic field arc-blowing loop has no current; the voltage at two ends of the overvoltage limiting branch circuit does not reach a conduction threshold value, and no current flows.
As shown in fig. 3(b), when a short-circuit fault occurs or the system receives a brake-off command from a superior control system, the control system sends the brake-off command, and the control system sends a brake-off operation command to the main loop high-speed mechanical switches S1 and S2, and triggers the half-controlled power semiconductor device T1 of the auxiliary magnetic field arc-blowing loop.
As shown in fig. 3(C), the magnetic field arc-blowing loop discharges, the arc on the main loop high-speed mechanical switch burns in the vacuum cavity, the frequency oscillation occurs under the influence of the magnetic field arc-blowing coil, the current is transferred to the oscillation transfer branch capacitor C1, and the main loop current oscillation crosses zero and charges the transfer branch capacitor.
As shown in fig. 3(d), after the oscillating capacitor C1 is charged to the turn-on threshold of the overvoltage limiting branch, the current is transferred from the oscillation transfer branch to the overvoltage limiting branch, and the breaker is opened by the voltage limiting branch being discharged.
FIG. 4 shows an example of the present invention, the vacuum break and the air break;
FIG. 5 shows an example of the present invention, the fracture is a vacuum fracture and a N2 gas fracture;
FIG. 6 shows an example of the present invention, the fracture is a vacuum fracture and an H2 gas fracture;
FIG. 7 shows an example of the present invention, in which the vacuum fracture and the air fracture are respectively provided with independent oscillation capacitors;
FIG. 8 shows an example of the present invention, wherein the vacuum break and the air break are respectively provided with an independent oscillating capacitor and an independent MOV;
FIG. 9 illustrates a positioning structure of the fracture and magnetic field arc-blowing assembly of the present invention;
10(a) through 10(c) show partial drive circuit topologies for the magnetic field arcing components of the present invention, including a capacitive matched semiconductor component discharge loop, a discharge loop with diode freewheeling, and a constant current source discharge loop;
while the embodiments of the disclosure have been described above in connection with the drawings, the disclosure is not limited to the specific embodiments and applications described above, which are intended to be illustrative, instructive, and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of this disclosure, may effect numerous modifications thereto and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the disclosure as set forth in the claims that follow.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a vacuum direct current circuit breaker of series connection gas fracture, by main current circuit, vibration transfer branch road, overvoltage limiting branch road and supplementary magnetic field arc-blowing subassembly constitute, wherein main current circuit, vibration transfer branch road, overvoltage limiting branch road after parallelly connected, draw forth through leading-out terminal A1 and A2, its characterized in that:
(1) the main current circuit consists of a vacuum fracture S1 and a gas fracture S2, and is respectively provided with a vacuum mechanical high-speed switch and a gas mechanical high-speed switch;
(2) the oscillation transfer branch is composed of a matched oscillation capacitor C1;
(3) the overvoltage limiting branch consists of zinc oxide arresters MOV connected in series and in parallel,
in a normal current flowing state of the system, system current flows through the main current loop, two fractures S1 and S2 of the main current loop are closed, and no voltage exists on the oscillation capacitor C1; the auxiliary magnetic field arc blowing component is not triggered, and no magnetic field is generated; the voltage at two ends of the overvoltage limiting branch circuit does not reach a conduction threshold value, and no current flows through the overvoltage limiting branch circuit;
when a short-circuit fault occurs or the system receives a brake-separating instruction of a superior control system, the control system sends a brake-separating instruction, the control system sends a brake-separating action instruction to the main current loop vacuum mechanical high-speed switch and the gas mechanical high-speed switch and triggers the auxiliary magnetic field arc-blowing component to start, the auxiliary magnetic field arc-blowing component generates a magnetic field to act on the main current loop vacuum mechanical high-speed switch and the gas mechanical high-speed switch, an electric arc burns in a gas fracture and a vacuum fracture, the vacuum electric arc and the gas electric arc are influenced by a transverse magnetic field generated by the auxiliary magnetic field arc-blowing component and commonly generate frequency oscillation, the current is transferred to the oscillating capacitor C1, the main current oscillation zero-cross and charges the oscillating capacitor, the oscillating capacitor C1 is charged to the conduction threshold value of the overvoltage limiting branch, and then the current is transferred from the oscillation transferring branch to the overvoltage limiting branch, the breaker finishes the on-off by the relief of the overvoltage limiting branch, when the breaker receives a brake-separating instruction, the vacuum mechanical high-speed switch and the gas mechanical high-speed switch act to generate electric arcs, and meanwhile, the auxiliary magnetic field arc-blowing component acts to generate a magnetic field to force the voltage of the vacuum electric arcs to change, wherein the characteristic frequency of the vacuum electric arc-blowing component is f 1; the characteristic frequency f2 of an LC loop is formed by an oscillation capacitor on the oscillation transfer branch circuit and stray inductance in the oscillation transfer branch circuit; when the two characteristic frequencies are close, the current oscillates between the main current loop and the oscillation transfer branch circuit, and the effects of current transfer and charging of the oscillation capacitor are achieved.
2. The circuit breaker of claim 1, wherein: the mechanical high-speed switches arranged on the fractures S1 and S2 comprise a mechanical high-speed switch based on electromagnetic repulsion, a mechanical high-speed switch based on high-speed motor drive or a mechanical high-speed switch based on permanent magnetic repulsion, wherein a vacuum mechanical high-speed switch is arranged on the fracture S1, and a gas mechanical high-speed switch is arranged on the fracture S2.
3. The circuit breaker of claim 1, wherein: an auxiliary magnetic field arc blowing assembly is arranged outside the fracture S1 and the fracture S2, and comprises one or more of the following combinations: electromagnet, electromagnetic coil, permanent magnet.
4. The circuit breaker of claim 3, wherein: the magnetic fields provided by the auxiliary magnetic field arc-blowing assembly for the fractures S1 and S2 are the following: a transverse magnetic field in a single direction, a superposed transverse magnetic field in a plurality of directions and a rotary transverse magnetic field.
5. The circuit breaker of claim 1, wherein: the oscillation capacitor C1 of the oscillation transfer branch circuit is a single capacitor, a series-parallel capacitor bank, a single capacitor series inductor or a series-parallel capacitor bank series inductor.
6. The circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the filling gas in the gas mechanical high-speed switch comprises one or more of the following gases: air, compressed air, nitrogen, hydrogen, SF6 gas, inert gas.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110440262.XA CN113299504B (en) | 2021-04-22 | 2021-04-22 | Magnetic control oscillation type direct current breaker with multi-medium fractures connected in series |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110440262.XA CN113299504B (en) | 2021-04-22 | 2021-04-22 | Magnetic control oscillation type direct current breaker with multi-medium fractures connected in series |
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| CN113299504A CN113299504A (en) | 2021-08-24 |
| CN113299504B true CN113299504B (en) | 2022-06-21 |
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| CN104242229A (en) * | 2014-10-18 | 2014-12-24 | 国家电网公司 | Multi-break hybrid direct current breaker |
| US11611207B2 (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2023-03-21 | Board Of Supervisors Of Louisiana State University And Agricultural And Mechanical College | DC circuit breaker with an alternating commutating circuit |
| CN109713651B (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2024-01-16 | 西安交通大学 | Bidirectional breaking direct current breaker |
| CN109935479A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-06-25 | 西安交通大学 | Dc circuit breaker and its cutoff method based on vacuum magnetic blow-out transfer |
| CN109936123A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-06-25 | 西安交通大学 | Hybrid dc circuit breaker and its application method based on the transfer of liquid arc voltage |
| CN110460014B (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2020-08-25 | 西安交通大学 | Bidirectional hybrid direct current breaker based on capacitor pre-charging transfer and switching-on/off method |
| CN111640602A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-09-08 | 许继集团有限公司 | Multi-fracture direct-current switch equipment with controllable transfer branch oscillation current and control method |
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2021
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000304834A (en) * | 1999-04-22 | 2000-11-02 | Meidensha Corp | Test device for circuit-breaker |
| WO2016092182A1 (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-06-16 | Supergrid Institute | High voltage dc current tripout device |
| CN107565524A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-01-09 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of new Quick mechanical formula high voltage DC breaker |
| EP3540750A1 (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2019-09-18 | ABB Schweiz AG | Hvdc circuit breaker, hvdc switchyard, hvdc switchyard system, and hvdc grid |
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