CN113422358A - Active oscillation type direct current breaker and application method thereof - Google Patents
Active oscillation type direct current breaker and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113422358A CN113422358A CN202110831335.8A CN202110831335A CN113422358A CN 113422358 A CN113422358 A CN 113422358A CN 202110831335 A CN202110831335 A CN 202110831335A CN 113422358 A CN113422358 A CN 113422358A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
- H02H7/268—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for dc systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/02—Details
- H02H3/05—Details with means for increasing reliability, e.g. redundancy arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
- H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
Abstract
The invention discloses an active oscillation type direct current breaker and an application method thereof, wherein the direct current breaker comprises: the direct current load circuit comprises a through-flow branch, an oscillation branch and an energy consumption branch, wherein the through-flow branch is connected with the oscillation branch in parallel, the energy consumption branch is connected with the through-flow branch in parallel, or the energy consumption branch is connected with internal elements of the oscillation branch, when a direct current system does not have a fault, the oscillation branch is locked, and the through-flow branch conducts direct current load current. When a breaking command is received, the running states of the internal elements of the oscillation branch and the through-flow branch are controlled, so that the oscillation branch generates oscillation current with the amplitude rapidly increased until the oscillation current is equal to the short-circuit current in amplitude and opposite in direction, and the through-flow branch is reliably turned off, so that the problems of high risk of low-current on-off and re-ignition, obvious system oscillation, relatively high equipment cost and the like are solved, and the large-scale popularization and application of the direct-current circuit breaker in a direct-current power transmission and distribution system are facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to an active oscillation type direct current breaker and an application method thereof.
Background
The direct current transmission and distribution system has fast fault development and fast current increase, and reliable fault isolation is the key for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the direct current transmission and distribution system. The high-technology economical direct current breaker is core equipment for supporting development and application of a direct current power transmission and distribution system. At present, two main types of medium-high voltage direct current circuit breakers widely applied are provided, one type is a mechanical direct current circuit breaker, arc extinguishing and switching-off of a mechanical switch are realized through single injection of reverse current, loss is low, the problems of long reclosing time, low current switching-off and mechanical switch reignition risks exist, oscillation is easily formed between the mechanical switch and a direct current system in a switching-off process, and hidden dangers are brought to normal and safe operation of the system and other equipment. The other type is a hybrid direct current breaker, current controllable turn-off is realized through a power electronic device, the hybrid direct current breaker has the characteristics of no arc, rapid reclosing and the like, the system applicability is good, but the technical performance of the turn-off current and the economic performance of equipment are limited by a fully-controlled power electronic device, and the hybrid direct current breaker is not beneficial to large-scale popularization and application in a high-voltage direct current transmission system.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the problems that the direct current circuit breaker in the prior art has large risk of low current on-off and re-ignition, obvious system oscillation, relatively high equipment cost and the like, and is not beneficial to large-scale popularization and application in a high-voltage direct current transmission system, so that the direct current circuit breaker and the application method thereof are provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an active oscillation type dc circuit breaker, including: the device comprises a through-flow branch, an oscillation branch and an energy consumption branch, wherein the through-flow branch is connected with the oscillation branch in parallel; the energy consumption branch is connected with the through-flow branch in parallel or connected with internal elements of the oscillation branch.
In one embodiment, the current branch includes: at least one high speed mechanical switch.
In one embodiment, the oscillating branch comprises: LC oscillating circuit and controlled power supply unit, wherein, LC oscillating circuit includes: an oscillation capacitor and an oscillation inductor; the oscillating capacitor, the oscillating inductor and the controlled power supply unit are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the through-current branch.
In one embodiment, the controlled power supply unit is a half-bridge module structure.
In one embodiment, the controlled power supply unit includes: the direct current capacitor comprises a first power electronic device, a second power electronic device and a direct current capacitor, wherein the first end of the first power electronic device is connected with the first end of the direct current capacitor, and the second end of the first power electronic device is connected with the first end of the second power electronic device; and a second terminal of the second power electronic device is connected with the second terminal of the direct current capacitor.
In an embodiment, the connection manner of the energy consumption branch and the oscillation branch includes: the energy consumption branch is connected with the oscillation capacitor in parallel or connected with two ends of a circuit formed by the oscillation capacitor and the controlled power supply unit in parallel.
In one embodiment, the energy dissipation branch is composed of a nonlinear resistor and is used for suppressing overvoltage and dissipating system energy.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an application method of an active oscillation type dc circuit breaker, where based on the active oscillation type dc circuit breaker of the first aspect, the application method includes: when the direct current breaker receives a breaking command, the running states of internal elements of the oscillation branch and the through-current branch are controlled, and the oscillation branch generates oscillation current which is equal to the short-circuit current in amplitude and opposite in direction.
In one embodiment, the method for applying the active oscillation type dc circuit breaker further includes: when the direct current system has no fault, the through-current branch circuit keeps a conducting state, and the oscillation branch circuit keeps a locking state.
In one embodiment, the process of controlling the operation states of the internal components of the oscillating branch and the current branch, wherein the oscillating branch generates an oscillating current with the same amplitude and the opposite direction as the short-circuit current, comprises: after receiving a system breaking command, controlling a high-speed mechanical switch of the through-flow branch to break; when the high-speed mechanical switch reaches the designed opening distance enough to endure the transient switching-off voltage, the first power electronic device and the second power electronic device are alternately controlled to be switched on and switched off until the oscillation current with the same amplitude and the opposite direction as the short-circuit current is generated on the oscillation branch.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides an active oscillation type direct current breaker and an application method thereof.A through-current branch is connected with an oscillation branch in parallel, an energy consumption branch is connected with the through-current branch in parallel, or the energy consumption branch is connected with an internal element of the oscillation branch, and when a direct current system has no fault, the through-current branch conducts direct current load current. When the direct current circuit breaker receives a breaking command, the running states of internal elements of the oscillation branch and the through-current branch are controlled, so that the oscillation branch boosts voltage to generate oscillation current with rapidly increased amplitude until the oscillation current is equal to the short-circuit current in amplitude and opposite in direction, and the through-current branch is reliably turned off, so that the problems of high risk of low current on-off and re-ignition, obvious system oscillation, relatively high equipment cost and the like are solved, and the direct current circuit breaker is beneficial to large-scale popularization and application of a high-voltage direct current transmission system.
2. According to the active oscillation type direct current circuit breaker, the through-current branch only comprises the mechanical switch, the through-current loss is low, water cooling is not needed, the amplitude of the injected current is improved by adopting a controlled active oscillation boosting principle, and the arc extinction and the disconnection of the mechanical switch are realized. The capacitor required by the controlled power supply unit is a direct current capacitor, and the pre-charging voltage is only several kV, so that the number of half-bridge modules is very small, and the number of used power electronic devices is obviously reduced; the required oscillation capacitor is a pulse capacitor, the withstand voltage is high, the capacitance value is in the mu F level, the oscillation frequency is improved, and the oscillation time is favorably shortened, so that the integral on-off time of the circuit breaker is shortened, and the cost and the volume of the capacitor can be obviously reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1(a) to fig. 1(c) are schematic diagrams of a specific example of an active oscillation type dc circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an extension method of an active oscillation type dc circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a specific flow diagram of the oscillating current provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a specific flow diagram of the oscillating current provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a specific flow diagram of the oscillating current provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two elements may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be communicated with each other inside the two elements, or may be wirelessly connected or wired connected. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
An embodiment of the present invention provides an active oscillation type dc circuit breaker, which is applied to a situation where a dc circuit breaker is reliably turned off, and as shown in fig. 1(a) to 1(c), includes: a through-flow branch 1, an oscillation branch 2 and an energy consumption branch 3.
As shown in fig. 1(a) -1 (b), a current branch 1 of the embodiment of the present invention is connected in parallel with an oscillating branch 2, and the current branch 1 includes at least one high-speed mechanical switch.
As shown in fig. 1(a) to 1(c), the oscillating arm 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: an LC oscillation circuit and a controlled power supply unit 21, wherein the LC oscillation circuit is composed of an oscillation capacitor C1An oscillating inductor L and an oscillating capacitor C1The oscillating inductor L and the controlled power supply unit are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the through-current branch 1.
The energy consumption branch 3 of the embodiment of the invention has multiple placing modes, as shown in fig. 1(a), the energy consumption branch 3 is connected with the through-current branch 1 in parallel, or as shown in fig. 1(b), the energy consumption branch 3 is connected with the oscillation capacitor C1Connected in parallel, or as shown in figure (c), the energy-consuming branch 3 is connected with the oscillating electricityContainer C1The two ends of the circuit formed by the controlled power supply unit are connected in parallel.
The oscillation capacitor C in fig. 1(a) to 1(C)1The connection sequence of the oscillating inductor L and the controlled power supply unit 21 is only for example and is not limited herein.
The energy consumption branch 3 of the embodiment of the invention can be composed of a nonlinear resistor and is used for suppressing overvoltage and dissipating system energy.
The active oscillation type direct current circuit breaker of the embodiment of the invention is applied to a direct current system, when the direct current system is not in fault, the oscillation branch 2 (specifically, a controlled power supply unit 21 in the oscillation branch 2) keeps a locked state, and the through-current branch 1 conducts direct current load current; when a breaking command is received, the operating states of the internal components of the oscillating branch 2 and the internal components of the through-current branch 1 are controlled, so that the oscillating branch generates oscillating current with rapidly increased amplitude, and the oscillating current and the short-circuit current have the same amplitude and opposite directions, so that the through-current branch 1 is reliably turned off, namely, the arc extinction of a mechanical switch is realized, and the on-off of the short-circuit current is completed.
As shown in fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of active oscillation type dc breakers can be connected in series, that is, flexible expansion can be achieved by adopting a modular series connection manner, so as to meet application requirements of a medium-high voltage dc system.
In a specific embodiment, the controlled power supply unit according to an embodiment of the present invention is a half-bridge module structure, and specifically, as shown in fig. 1(a) to fig. 1(c), the controlled power supply unit includes: first power electronic device T1A second power electronic device T2And a DC capacitor C2Wherein the first power electronic device T1Is connected with the first end of the direct current capacitor, and the second end of the direct current capacitor is connected with the second power electronic device T2A first end of (a); second power electronic device T2And a second terminal of the dc capacitor.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the direct current system is not in fault, the high-speed mechanical switch k is in a conducting state, and the first power electronic device T1A second power electronic device T2All keep a locked state, when receiving a breaking command, firstlyControlling the high-speed mechanical switch to open and control the first power electronic device T after the opening distance reaches the withstand transient state cut-off voltage1A second power electronic device T2And the oscillating branch 2 is conducted alternately, so that the oscillating current with the amplitude rapidly increased is generated until the oscillating current is equal to the short-circuit current in amplitude and opposite in direction, reliable arc quenching of the mechanical switch is realized, and the short-circuit current is switched on and off. The embodiment of the invention can realize the bidirectional short-circuit current breaking and rapid reclosing capabilities by only using a small number of power electronic switch modules.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention provides an application method of an active oscillation type direct current breaker, which is based on the active oscillation type direct current breaker of the embodiment 1 and comprises the following steps: when the direct current breaker receives a breaking command, the running states of internal elements of the oscillation branch and the through-current branch are controlled, and the oscillation branch generates oscillation current which is equal to the short-circuit current in amplitude and opposite in direction.
Specifically, the active oscillation type dc circuit breaker according to the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a dc system, as shown in fig. 1(a) -1 (c), when the dc system is not in fault, the current path 1 is in a conducting state, the oscillation path 2 (specifically, the controlled power unit 21 therein) is kept in a locked state, the current path 1 realizes transmission of a dc load current, and when the dc circuit breaker receives a breaking command, for example, when the dc system is in short-circuit fault, the current path 1 is first turned off (specifically, the high-speed mechanical switch k is controlled to burn and open), and the operation state of the oscillation path 2 (specifically, the controlled power unit 21 therein) is controlled, so that the oscillation path generates an oscillation current with an amplitude value rapidly increasing until the oscillation path 2 generates an oscillation current with an amplitude value equal to and opposite to a direction of the short-circuit current, and an amplitude value equal to a short-circuit current, The oscillating current with opposite directions is injected into the through-current branch 1, so that the through-current branch 1 is reliably turned off, namely, the arc quenching of the mechanical switch is realized, and the short-circuit current switching-on and switching-off are completed.
Specifically, the active oscillation type dc circuit breaker according to the embodiment of the present invention may be applied to a dc system, and when the dc system has no fault, as shown in fig. 3 (taking current flowing from 1 terminal to 2 terminal as an example), the current branch circuit may be connected to the dc system1 remains in a conducting state, the controlled power supply unit remains in a blocking state, the DC load current flows only through the high-speed mechanical switch k, and the DC capacitor C2The pre-charging is completed.
In one embodiment, controlling the operation states of the internal components of the oscillating branch and the current branch, the oscillating branch generating an oscillating current having an amplitude equal to the short-circuit current and an opposite direction, includes:
step S31: and after receiving a system breaking command, controlling the high-speed mechanical switch of the through-flow branch to break. Specifically, when the direct current breaker receives a breaking command, the high-speed mechanical switch k is controlled to be ignited and separated
Step S32: when the high-speed mechanical switch reaches the designed opening distance enough to endure the transient switching-off voltage, the first power electronic device and the second power electronic device are alternately controlled to be switched on and switched off until the oscillation current with the same amplitude and the opposite direction as the short-circuit current is generated on the oscillation branch.
Specifically, after receiving a system breaking command, controlling a high-speed mechanical switch k of the through-flow branch 1 to perform arcing and brake-off, and triggering a first power electronic device T when the high-speed mechanical switch k reaches a designed open distance enough to withstand transient open-close voltage1Second power electronic device T2Keeping off state, DC capacitor C2Through a high-speed mechanical switch k and an oscillation capacitor C1The oscillating inductor L forms an oscillation, and the oscillating current flows as shown in FIG. 4 due to the DC capacitor C2The voltage is lower, the amplitude of the oscillation current is smaller, and the high-speed mechanical switch k cannot be quenched. Triggering a first power electronic device T1Turning off the second power electronic device T2Then, when the oscillating current decays to zero, the first power electronic device T is controlled1Turn off while controlling the second power electronic device T2On, at this time, the oscillating capacitor C1The oscillating inductor L forms half-wave oscillation via the high-speed mechanical switch k, and the oscillating current flows as shown in fig. 5. Triggering the second power electronic device T2Turning off the first power electronic device T1Thereafter, when the oscillating current again crosses zero, the first power electronic device T is controlled again1Conducting second power electronic device T2Turn off, repeat for a number of timesThe above process to realize the oscillating capacitor C1And oscillating and boosting until the oscillating branch 2 generates oscillating current which has the same amplitude and reverse direction with the short-circuit current, and finally the oscillating current is as shown in figure 4, so that the zero crossing of the high-speed mechanical switch current is realized, the arc quenching is finished, and the short-circuit current clearing is realized by the energy consumption branch 3.
The method and the drawings are described only by taking the case where a short-circuit fault occurs at the 2-terminal of the dc circuit breaker and a current flows from the 1-terminal to the 2-terminal as an example, and the operating principle of the dc circuit breaker is the same as that described above when a current flows from the 2-terminal to the 1-terminal.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An active oscillation type direct current circuit breaker, characterized by comprising: a through-flow branch, an oscillation branch and an energy consumption branch, wherein,
the through-current branch is connected with the oscillation branch in parallel;
the energy consumption branch is connected with the through-flow branch in parallel or connected with internal elements of the oscillation branch.
2. Active oscillating direct current circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that said current branch comprises: at least one high speed mechanical switch.
3. Active oscillating direct current circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that said oscillating branch comprises: an LC oscillating circuit and a controlled power supply unit, wherein,
the LC oscillating circuit includes: an oscillation capacitor and an oscillation inductor;
and the oscillating capacitor, the oscillating inductor and the controlled power supply unit are connected in series and then connected in parallel with the through-current branch.
4. Active oscillating direct current circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that the controlled power supply unit is of half-bridge modular structure.
5. Active oscillating direct current circuit breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that said controlled power supply unit comprises: a first power electronic device, a second power electronic device, and a DC capacitor, wherein,
a first power electronic device, a first end of which is connected with the first end of the direct current capacitor, and a second end of which is connected with the first end of the second power electronic device;
a second terminal of the second power electronic device is connected to the second terminal of the DC capacitor.
6. The active oscillating dc circuit breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that said energy consuming branch is connected to said oscillating branch in a manner comprising:
the energy consumption branch is connected with the oscillation capacitor in parallel or connected with two ends of a circuit formed by the oscillation capacitor and the controlled power supply unit in parallel.
7. The active oscillating dc circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that said dissipating branch is constituted by a non-linear resistor for suppressing overvoltage and dissipating system energy.
8. An application method of an active oscillation type direct current circuit breaker, which is based on any one of claims 1 to 7, and comprises the following steps:
when the direct current breaker receives a breaking command, the running states of internal elements of the oscillation branch and the through-current branch are controlled, and the oscillation branch generates oscillation current which is equal to the short-circuit current in amplitude and opposite in direction.
9. The method for applying an active oscillation type dc circuit breaker according to claim 8, further comprising:
when the direct current system has no fault, the through-current branch circuit keeps a conducting state, and the oscillation branch circuit keeps a locking state.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the operating states of the internal components of the oscillating branch and the current branch are controlled, and the oscillating branch generates an oscillating current process having an amplitude equal to and a direction opposite to that of the short-circuit current, and the method comprises:
after receiving a system breaking command, controlling a high-speed mechanical switch of the through-flow branch to break;
when the high-speed mechanical switch reaches the designed opening distance enough to endure the transient switching-off voltage, the first power electronic device and the second power electronic device are alternately controlled to be switched on and switched off until the oscillation current with the same amplitude and the opposite direction as the short-circuit current is generated on the oscillation branch.
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| CN202110831335.8A CN113422358A (en) | 2021-07-22 | 2021-07-22 | Active oscillation type direct current breaker and application method thereof |
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| CN202110831335.8A CN113422358A (en) | 2021-07-22 | 2021-07-22 | Active oscillation type direct current breaker and application method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114156846A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-08 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | Low-loss multi-terminal direct current circuit breaker and control method thereof |
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