CN113297814A - River lake water quality limit value-based watershed dynamic water environment capacity calculation method and system - Google Patents

River lake water quality limit value-based watershed dynamic water environment capacity calculation method and system Download PDF

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CN113297814A
CN113297814A CN202110558425.4A CN202110558425A CN113297814A CN 113297814 A CN113297814 A CN 113297814A CN 202110558425 A CN202110558425 A CN 202110558425A CN 113297814 A CN113297814 A CN 113297814A
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CN113297814B (en
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夏瑞
陈焰
王强
王璐
贾蕊宁
张凯
杨中文
马淑芹
王晓
后希康
段平洲
塔拉
张晓娇
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Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
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Abstract

The invention discloses a river and lake water quality limit-based watershed dynamic water environment capacity calculation method and system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: constructing a basin distributed hydrological model based on basic data, coupling the basin distributed hydrological model with a flow and flow rate conversion model, a pollution load model and a one-dimensional water quality model to obtain a basin distributed water quality model, and calculating the outlet water quality concentration of each confluence unit according to the basin distributed water quality model; constructing a river and lake water quality response model by using the basic data, and calculating a river and lake water quality limit value meeting the standard conditions of lake water quality; and calculating the dynamic water environment capacity of each production confluence unit and the whole watershed according to the outlet water quality concentration of each production confluence unit and the river lake-entering water quality limit value, so that the calculation precision of the water environment capacity of the watershed is improved, and the method is used for fine control of river pollution.

Description

River lake water quality limit value-based watershed dynamic water environment capacity calculation method and system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of river and lake basin water environments, in particular to a basin dynamic water environment capacity calculation method and system based on river and lake water quality limit values.
Background
At present, the requirements of a water functional area are mainly considered when calculating the water environment capacity, and according to the requirements of 'determining a river by a lake and determining a river by a sea', the water quality target of the water functional area does not necessarily meet the water quality control requirements of rivers, lakes and seas on the rivers. The reason is that the existing water quality standard is difficult to meet the requirement of regional difference, different regions have different requirements on river water quality, the phenomenon that the water quality is too tight or too loose is easy to occur when the water quality is managed according to a unified standard, and a differentiated river water quality limit value is formulated as a water quality target for calculating the water environment capacity according to regional characteristics and the water quality protection targets of rivers, lakes and seas. Secondly, the linear or nonlinear relation between the water volume and the meteorological conditions is not considered, the water volume changes along with the meteorological conditions, the input of the water volume is lacked, and the water environment capacity calculation result cannot realize dynamic change. Meanwhile, the influence of an interval point source and a non-point source on the water environment capacity is not considered, control unit division and point source and non-point source statistical accounting distribution are not carried out on a river basin where a river is located, only a water body is taken as a research object, and the influence of rainfall runoff is not considered. The method has the defects that the existing river water environment capacity calculation method is low in precision and cannot solve and estimate the dynamic water environment capacity.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the river and lake water quality limit-based watershed dynamic water environment capacity calculation method and system provided by the invention overcome the defects that the existing river water environment capacity calculation method is low in precision and cannot solve and estimate the dynamic water environment capacity.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for calculating a watershed dynamic water environment capacity based on a river and lake water quality limit, including:
acquiring basic data of a watershed to be calculated, wherein the basic data comprises: geospatial data, pollution source data, water quality monitoring data, hydrological data and meteorological data;
dividing a basin to be calculated into a plurality of production convergence units according to geospatial data and meteorological data, constructing a basin distributed hydrological model based on basic data, and calibrating the basin distributed hydrological model according to measured flow data until the basin distributed hydrological model meets the precision requirement;
coupling the basin distributed hydrological model and the one-dimensional water quality model by using a preset conversion model to obtain a basin distributed water quantity and water quality model, calibrating the basin distributed water quantity and water quality model according to water quality actual measurement data until the basin distributed water quantity and water quality model meets the precision requirement, and calculating the outlet water quality concentration of each convergence unit by using the basin distributed water quantity and water quality model;
establishing a river and lake water quality response model by using the basic data, calibrating the river and lake water quality response model according to preset river and lake water quality observation data until the river and lake water quality response model meets the precision requirement, and calculating a river and lake water quality limit value meeting the standard condition of lake water quality by using the river and lake water quality response model;
and calculating the dynamic water environment capacity of each production and confluence unit and the dynamic water environment capacity of the river basin according to the outlet water quality concentration of each production and confluence unit and the river-lake water quality limit value.
Optionally, the preset conversion model includes: a flow and flow rate conversion model and a pollution load distribution model.
Optionally, a watershed distributed water quantity and water quality model is constructed through a DTVGM model.
Optionally, the amount of contaminant degradation in the unit volume comprises: upstream input pollutant degradation amount WdSThe amount of pollutant degradation W fed into the branchdZAmount of point source contaminant degradation WdPAmount of plane-source contaminant degradation WdM，
Calculating the degradation amount of pollutants in the unit body respectively by the following formulas:
Figure BDA0003078168160000031
Figure BDA0003078168160000032
Figure BDA0003078168160000033
wherein K represents the rate constant for contaminant degradation, QaijThe flow rate of the jth branch flow is shown; caijThe concentration of the j branch stream pollutants; l isjThe distance from the j-th branch to the end of the river reach from the junction; TL is the total length of the river reach; wdGThe pollutant degradation amount of the sewage discharge outlet is generalized; l isGThe distance between the sewage draining exit and the tail of the river reach is generalized; u is the river average flow rate.
Optionally, before the step of coupling the basin distributed hydrological model and the one-dimensional water quality model by using the preset conversion model to obtain the basin distributed water quantity and water quality model, the method further includes:
and counting point sources and non-point sources of the watershed to be calculated, and distributing the statistics to each production and convergence unit of the watershed distributed water quantity model.
Optionally, the process of constructing the river and lake water quality response model by using the basic data includes: selecting a corresponding model according to the requirement of the simulation index, and setting the global parameter, the local parameter and the branch parameter of the model to construct a river and lake water quality response model; wherein,
the global parameters include: rainfall, evaporation, water level change and atmospheric external load in the basin range;
the local parameters include: water surface area of lake region, average depth of lake region, depth of mixed layer, turbidity of non-algae and average water quality of lake region;
the tributary parameters included: the flow area of the influent branch, the influent flow rate and the influent water concentration.
Optionally, calculating the dynamic water environment capacity of each production confluence unit by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003078168160000041
wherein K represents the rate constant for contaminant degradation, CsiIndicates the water quality limit.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a system for calculating a watershed dynamic water environment capacity based on a river and lake water quality limit, including:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring basic data of the watershed to be calculated, wherein the basic data comprises: geospatial data, pollution source data, water quality monitoring data, hydrological data and meteorological data;
the watershed distributed hydrological model building module is used for dividing a watershed to be calculated into a plurality of production convergence units according to the geospatial data and the meteorological data, building a watershed distributed hydrological model based on the basic data, and calibrating the watershed distributed hydrological model according to the actually-measured flow data until the watershed distributed hydrological model meets the precision requirement;
the watershed distributed water quantity and water quality model building module is used for coupling a watershed distributed hydrological model and a one-dimensional water quality model by using a preset conversion model to obtain a watershed distributed water quantity and water quality model, calibrating the watershed distributed water quantity and water quality model according to water quality actual measurement data until the watershed distributed water quantity and water quality model meets the precision requirement, and calculating the outlet water quality concentration of each convergence unit by using the watershed distributed water quantity and water quality model;
the river and lake water quality response model building module is used for building a river and lake water quality response model by using the basic data, calibrating the river and lake water quality response model according to preset river and lake water quality observation data until the river and lake water quality response model meets the precision requirement, and calculating a river and lake water quality limit value meeting the lake water quality standard condition by using the river and lake water quality response model;
and the dynamic water environment capacity calculation module is used for calculating the dynamic water environment capacity of each production confluence unit and the dynamic water environment capacity of a river basin according to the outlet water quality concentration of each production confluence unit and the river lake-entering water quality limit value.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal, including: the river and lake water quality limit-based watershed dynamic water environment capacity calculation method comprises at least one processor and a memory which is in communication connection with the at least one processor, wherein the memory stores instructions which can be executed by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, so that the at least one processor executes the river and lake water quality limit-based watershed dynamic water environment capacity calculation method according to the first aspect of the embodiment of the invention.
In a fourth aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, where computer instructions are stored, and the computer instructions are configured to enable the computer to execute the method for calculating the watershed dynamic water environment capacity based on the river/lake water quality limit value according to the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the river and lake water quality limit-based watershed dynamic water environment capacity calculation method and system, dynamic distribution of pollution sources according to time dimension is achieved through the pollution load distribution model. Meanwhile, the basin distributed water quantity model is coupled with the one-dimensional water quality model through the flow and flow rate conversion model, and the water quantity and the water quality are coupled, so that the basin distributed water quantity and water quality model is constructed.
2. According to the river and lake water quality limit-based watershed dynamic water environment capacity calculation method and system, the water quality actual measurement data and the preset river and lake water quality observation data are changed in real time, so that the water yield and quality and the water environment capacity of each confluence unit under different rainfall conditions are synchronously acquired, and the dynamic calculation of the confluence units and the watershed water environment capacity is realized.
3. The river and lake water quality limit-based watershed dynamic water environment capacity calculation method and system provided by the invention are characterized in that the result obtained according to the river and lake water quality response model is the water quality limit of the river entering the lake, the requirement is different from the requirement of the existing ground water quality standard, the water quality requirements of different areas for the river entering the lake are different, the water quality limit of the river in different areas can be determined according to the river and lake water quality response model, and the water environment capacity calculation method and system based on the water quality target and the water quality standard are different from the water environment capacity calculation method in the prior art.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a specific example of a method for calculating a watershed dynamic water environment capacity based on a river/lake water quality limit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of water quantity and water quality balance of a water body of a confluence generating unit provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of data constructed by a Bathtub model of a watershed dynamic water environment capacity calculation method based on river and lake water quality limit values provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of monthly runoff at the lake-entering hydrologic control station (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5) according to the embodiment of the present invention;
5(a) -5(e) are flow process diagrams of observed and simulated month flow at regular and verified periods of 5 tributary month flow control hydrological station rates provided by embodiments of the present invention;
FIGS. 6(a) -6(h) are graphs comparing observed values and simulated values of TP concentration at a portion of water quality control site rate periodic and verification periods according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a simulation process of the lake region TP concentration according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8(a) -8(e) are schematic diagrams of annual dynamic change curves of TP water environment capacity of each drainage basin according to embodiments of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a block composition diagram of a watershed dynamic water environment capacity calculation system based on river and lake water quality limit values according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a composition diagram of a specific example of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two elements may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be communicated with each other inside the two elements, or may be wirelessly connected or wired connected. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
The method for calculating the watershed dynamic water environment capacity based on the river and lake water quality limit value, as shown in fig. 1, comprises the following steps:
step S1: acquiring basic data of a watershed to be calculated, wherein the basic data comprises: geospatial data, pollution source data, water quality monitoring data, hydrological data and meteorological data.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the basic data in the preset time period is obtained, and the preset time period is selected correspondingly according to actual calculation, which is not limited herein. The obtained basic data is shown in the following table, which is only an example and not limited to this, and in practical application, the corresponding basic data is obtained according to actual requirements.
Figure BDA0003078168160000081
Figure BDA0003078168160000091
Step S2: dividing a basin to be calculated into a plurality of production convergence units according to geospatial data and meteorological data, constructing a basin distributed hydrological model based on basic data, and calibrating the basin distributed hydrological model according to measured flow data until the basin distributed hydrological model meets the precision requirement.
In the embodiment of the invention, the corresponding spatial data is selected according to actual requirements in actual application based on spatial data such as a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), a hydrological site, a water quality site, land utilization, soil types and the like of a watershed research area to be calculated, which is only taken as an example and not limited thereto. The GIS platform is used for acquiring spatial variation information of unit gradient, flow direction, water flow path, water system distribution, basin and production convergence boundary, land cover, hydrological meteorological input variables and the like of the land surface of the basin, and the spatial variation information is not limited herein. Meanwhile, each production confluence unit at least comprises 1-2 water quality stations for water quality boundary control, and a corresponding relation of an administrative area, a river sewage outlet and a land confluence area is established by using a superposition technology; and reasonably analyzing the divided production and confluence units by combining the hydrologic production and confluence characteristics of the natural basin and the basin natural characteristics and space differences of the water ecosystem.
In the embodiment of the invention, the basin distributed hydrological model is the existing geographic data model, the basin distributed hydrological model constructed based on the basic data can comprehensively utilize the spatial distribution information of rainfall, and the spatial distribution of the model parameters can reflect the spatial change of the natural condition of the underlying surface.
In the embodiment of the invention, the spatialized basin land digital information and hydrological information are used as a framework of a basin distributed hydrological model, rainfall data of a research area is input, basin runoff production and confluence simulation is carried out, the flow of a simulated basin outlet is obtained, the simulated basin outlet is compared with a measured runoff value of a corresponding hydrological station for analysis and evaluation, a Nash efficiency coefficient NSE, a certainty coefficient R2 and a relative error Bias are used as evaluation indexes of the model, corresponding model parameters are selected by comparing the simulated value and the measured value until the basin distributed hydrological model meets the precision requirement, only by taking the example as an example, but not by taking the example as a limitation, and the corresponding evaluation indexes are selected according to the actual requirements in the actual application. The evaluation index is calculated by the following formula, respectively:
nash efficiency coefficient:
Figure BDA0003078168160000101
certainty factor:
Figure BDA0003078168160000102
relative error:
Figure BDA0003078168160000111
wherein: n is the length of the runoff sequence, Qi,sim and Qi,obsRespectively is a runoff simulation value and an observed value at the ith moment,
Figure BDA0003078168160000112
mean runoff observed.
Step S3: coupling the basin distributed hydrological model and the one-dimensional water quality model by using a preset conversion model to obtain a basin distributed water quantity and water quality model, calibrating the basin distributed water quantity and water quality model according to water quality actual measurement data until the basin distributed water quantity and water quality model meets the precision requirement, and calculating the outlet water quality concentration of each convergence unit by using the basin distributed water quantity and water quality model.
In the embodiment of the present invention, before the step of coupling the basin distributed hydrological model and the one-dimensional water quality model by using the preset conversion model to obtain the basin distributed water quantity and water quality model, the method further includes: and counting point sources and non-point sources of the watershed water environment to be calculated, distributing the point sources and the non-point sources to each production confluence unit of the watershed distributed hydrological model, performing statistical accounting distribution of dividing the point sources and the non-point sources by the control unit on the watershed where the river is located, and considering the influence of rainfall runoff. According to the embodiment of the invention, the pollution source accounting result is subjected to space distribution according to the production convergence unit or administrative district, the influence of the space-time distribution characteristics of the pollution source on the water quantity and the water quality of the drainage basin is reflected, the distribution of the pollution source accounting result is not limited, and corresponding distribution is carried out according to the requirement. The pollution load distribution is adopted to distribute the pollution sources on a time scale, and from the pollution treatment perspective, refined time and space management and control can be carried out on the pollution sources from the time dimension.
In the embodiment of the invention, the one-dimensional water quality model refers to a water quality model established by a river under a steady-state condition, and the steady-state condition refers to that the cross-sectional area, the flow speed, the flow and the input quantity of pollutants of the river at a uniform river reach do not change along with time after the pollutants enter a water body under a constant pollution discharge condition. After the sewage is discharged into a river channel, the transverse mixing length is far shorter than the calculation flow length of the river, the pollutants can be basically uniformly mixed in a short time, the vertical and transverse pollutant concentration gradients can be ignored, and only the concentration change of the river along the longitudinal direction is considered, so that the invention adopts a one-dimensional water quality model as the basis of a coupling model. The one-dimensional water quality model is represented by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003078168160000121
in the formula ,C0To calculate the concentration of contaminants in the initial cross-section (mg/L); v is the river flow velocity (m/s). Wherein K1X is the distance (m) of the calculated section from the starting section, which is the rate constant for contaminant degradation.
In the embodiment of the invention, the basin distributed water quantity and water quality model is constructed by a DTVGM model on the basis of a basin distributed hydrological model and a one-dimensional water quality model. The output result of the hydrological model is used as the input boundary of the water quality model, so the key for realizing the coupling of the hydrological model and the water quality model lies in the conversion of model parameters. The parameters output by the basin distributed hydrological model are water quantity and water quality of the outlet of each convergence unit and the outlet of the basin, the boundary condition required to be input by the one-dimensional water quality model is flow speed, and under the condition of lacking actual measurement data of the flow speed, the invention realizes the coupling of the two, and utilizes a preset conversion model: the flow and flow rate conversion model and the pollution load distribution model are only used as examples, but not limited to the examples, and an appropriate conversion model is selected according to actual conditions in practical application. The water yield result of the basin distributed water yield and water quality model is converted into the flow speed boundary required by the one-dimensional water quality model.
In a specific embodiment, because a Distributed time-varying gain model (DTVGM model) model cannot output a flow rate, output flow data needs to be converted, and in a coupling construction process of a basin Distributed hydrological model and a one-dimensional water quality model, a point source and a non-point source are Distributed in a time dimension by constructing a pollution load distribution model, so that dynamic change of a pollution load is realized.
And the flow velocity are converted by adopting a calibration formula method, the linear fitting is carried out on the flow and flow velocity relation of each river reach according to historical observation data of the hydrological station to obtain a flow and flow velocity conversion model, and the dynamic flow obtained by the distributed hydrological model of the drainage basin is updated into dynamic flow velocity data. Calculating the average flow velocity u and the average water depth H of the river section by the following formulas:
u＝aQb
H＝αQβ
wherein Q is the cross-sectional flow (m) of the river3S); a. b, alpha and beta are empirical parameters for determining the flow rate and flow rate relationship and the water level and flow rate relationship, and can be determined according to historical data.
The cross-sectional area A is calculated by the following formulacAnd average water surface width B:
Figure BDA0003078168160000131
Figure BDA0003078168160000132
in the embodiment of the invention, due to the requirement of the basin distributed water quantity and water quality model on the input boundary, the calculated pollution load needs to be distributed according to the time dimension. For example: the Total Phosphorus (TP) pollution load of the pollutant accounted for in a certain year is W, and W needs to be allocated to each month or each day according to a time scale (such as a month scale or a day scale, which is merely an example and not a limitation, and a corresponding time scale is selected according to actual needs in actual applications), and accordingly, W is divided into 12 values or 365 values according to a certain condition, and is input into the model in a time series manner as a boundary condition.
In a specific embodiment, a pollution load monthly distribution model is constructed by combining practical conditions, and monthly pollution load distribution is calculated by the following formula:
Lm,i＝(Qs,j+Qg,j)×La,i/(Qs,a+Qg,a)
wherein ,Lm,iThe monthly load of the pollution source i; l isa,iAnnual load of pollution source i; l isg,jThe groundwater river inflow rate in month j; qs,jThe flow of the surface runoff into the river in the jth month; qs,aAnnual surface runoff; qg,aIs annual underground runoff.
The method abandons the traditional method of calculating the water environment capacity of the river by taking the water functional area as a basic unit, adopts sub-watersheds divided by a watershed distributed hydrological model as a calculation basic unit, and couples a one-dimensional water quality model to construct a distributed water quantity and water quality model. As shown in fig. 2, for a water body i of a confluence generating unit, the water quantity and the water quality balance process is as follows:
equation for hydrologic balance of production and confluence unit:
ΔVi＝Qi-1+Ri+Qai-qi-Qi
an equation of water quality concentration balance of the flow generation and convergence unit:
Figure BDA0003078168160000141
wherein ,ΔViThe water storage capacity variation of the unit i in a time period; qi-1 and QiThe water inflow and outflow of the unit are respectively; q. q.siThe water consumption for human beings; riThe interval water yield of unit i; qaiThe afflux of the branch. ViThe water storage capacity of the unit i; cRiIs the concentration of contaminants in the interval production stream (closely related to non-point source contamination); caiThe water quality concentration of the tributary; ci-1 and CiThe water quality concentrations of the input and output of the unit are respectively; cqiConcentration of water contaminants for human consumption; wpThe unit is the sum of point source pollution loads; wdIs the amount of pollutant degradation in the unit body.
In the embodiment of the present invention, WdFor producing the self-purification ability of the water body in the confluence unit, the method comprises the following steps: upstream input pollutant degradation amount WdS(ii) a Amount of pollutant degradation W of side stream inputdZ(ii) a Degradation amount of point source pollutant WdP(ii) a Degradation amount of non-point source pollutant WdMBy way of example only, and not by way of limitation, in practical applications, corresponding data of the amount of degradation of the pollutant in the unit body is selected according to actual requirements. Calculating the degradation amount of pollutants in the unit body respectively by the following formulas:
Figure BDA0003078168160000151
Figure BDA0003078168160000152
wherein n is the total number of branches of the river reach; qaijThe flow rate of the jth branch flow is shown; caijThe concentration of the j branch stream pollutants; l isjThe distance from the inlet of the jth branch to the end of the river reach is shown; TL is the total length of the river reach.
The point source non-point source pollutant degradation amount is related to pollutant river entering amount and pollutant discharge mode, and the point source non-point source pollutant degradation amount can be considered and simplified to be a generalized sewage discharge outlet pollution discharge form, so that:
Figure BDA0003078168160000153
wherein ,WdGThe pollutant degradation amount of the sewage discharge outlet is generalized; l isGThe distance between the sewage draining exit and the tail of the river reach is generalized. The specific position of the generalized sewage draining exit can be determined according to the river inflow amount of point source and non-point source pollutants and the characteristic analysis of sewage draining. Two extreme conditions are first stage pollution discharge and second stage pollution discharge, the former LGTL, maximum pollutant degradation; the latter LGThe amount of degradation was minimal at 0.
In the embodiment of the invention, based on a basin distributed water quantity and water quality model, the water quality at the outlet of a basin is simulated and calculated, the water quality is compared, analyzed and evaluated with an actual measurement value of a corresponding water quality station, a correlation coefficient CC and a mean relative error MRE are selected as model evaluation indexes, the applicability of the model is judged by comparing a water quality simulation value with the actual measurement value, and the evaluation indexes are calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003078168160000154
Figure BDA0003078168160000155
in the formula ,Ci,simThe water quality analog value at the ith moment; ci,obsThe observed value of the water quality at the ith moment;
Figure BDA0003078168160000156
the average value of the observed values of the water quality is taken as an average value;
Figure BDA0003078168160000157
the average value of the water quality simulation value is obtained; n is the number of samples.
Step S4: and constructing a river and lake water quality response model by using the basic data, calibrating the river and lake water quality response model according to preset river and lake water quality observation data until the river and lake water quality response model meets the precision requirement, and calculating a river and lake water quality limit value meeting the lake water quality standard condition by using the river and lake water quality response model.
In a specific embodiment, the river and lake water quality response model is mainly constructed by means of butub simulation software, as shown in fig. 3, the data required for the butub model construction includes: the global parameter, the local parameter and the tributary parameter are only given as an example, and are not limited to this, and corresponding data are selected according to actual requirements in actual applications.
The global parameter is data of a basin range, and comprises the following steps: the rainfall, the evaporation capacity, the water level change, the external load of the atmosphere, and the like are only given as examples, but not limited to the above, and corresponding global parameters are selected according to actual requirements in actual application.
The local parameters are water parameters of the lake region and comprise: the lake surface area, the average depth of the lake area, the depth of the mixed layer, the turbidity of the non-algae and the average water quality of the lake area are only taken as examples and not limited, and corresponding local parameters are selected according to actual requirements in practical application.
The branch flow parameters are data of lake-entering branch flows, and the data comprise: the area of the flow area of the influent lake branch, the influent lake flow rate and the influent lake water quality concentration are only taken as examples, but not limited to the examples, and corresponding branch parameters are selected according to actual requirements in practical application.
In a specific embodiment, the river and lake water quality response model construction step comprises: the method comprises five parts of model selection, global parameter setting, local parameter setting, tributary parameter setting and model calibration verification, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) selecting a model: according to the requirement of the simulation index, determining the simulation time, and selecting a corresponding Model on a Model Selector interface, for example: the P model, the N model, the Chl-a model, the transparency model, and the like are only given as examples, but not limited thereto, and the corresponding models are selected according to actual requirements in actual applications. For example: the calculation formula of the P model is divided into a first-order model and a second-order model, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
first-order model:
Figure BDA0003078168160000171
second-order model:
Figure BDA0003078168160000172
wherein: p is total phosphorus output concentration (mg/m) of lake3)，PiThe total phosphorus concentration (mg/m) of the lake-entering river flow3) K is a correction factor, A1And T is the phosphorus settling term intercept and the hydraulic retention time (year).
(2) Global parameter setting
The global parameter setting interface needs to define the simulation time (average period), when the average period is one year, 1 is input, when the average period is half a year, 0.5 is input, and the other same is true; in addition, parameters of average rainfall, evaporation, average impoundment depth and atmospheric load (total phosphorus, total nitrogen and the like) in the average period time need to be input, which is only taken as an example and not limited to this, and corresponding global parameters are set according to actual requirements in practical application.
(3) Local parameter setting
The local parameters are mainly set by considering whether the lake body is partitioned, under the condition of no partition, the whole lake region is a section, the geographic spatial information such as the surface area, the average depth, the characteristic length, the depth of a mixed layer and the like of the whole lake region needs to be input, meanwhile, the parameters such as the water quality average concentration, the correction factor and the like of the lake region need to be input, and the corresponding local parameters are set according to the actual requirements in the practical application by taking the example as an example and not limiting.
(4) Tributary parameter setting
The parameter setting of the tributary mainly considers the information of the lake-entering tributaries, the information to be input includes the catchment area and flow rate of the tributary, the TP concentration of the tributary, and the like, which is only taken as an example and not limited thereto, and the corresponding tributary parameters are set according to the actual requirements in the actual application.
(5) Model calibration verification
Inputting the water quality of the tributary with different concentrations into a lake region, calculating the water quality concentration of the lake region based on the model, comparing, analyzing and evaluating the water quality concentration with preset river and lake water quality observation data, selecting a correlation coefficient CC and a mean relative error MRE as model evaluation indexes, comparing a water quality simulation value with standard data until a river and lake water quality response model meets the precision requirement, and correspondingly selecting the preset river and lake water quality observation data according to the actual requirement without limitation. And calculating the river-lake water quality limit value meeting the lake water quality standard conditions by using the river-lake water quality response model.
In the embodiment of the invention, in the process of determining the water quality limit value of the lake-entering tributary, the water quality standard of the lake is mainly taken as a target, the gradient water quality concentration of the tributary is set, the water quality concentration of the lake and the water quality concentration of the backward-pushing tributary under different situations are calculated based on the constructed Bathtub model, and the water quality limit value of the lake-entering tributary meeting various water quality standard conditions of the lake is analyzed. The table below shows the influent conditions of the influent streams and the water concentration results in the lake area. When the water quality of the lake reaches the standard, setting the branch flow as the condition (C)1～C5) Inputting the water quality concentration (C) into a model to calculate the water quality concentration of the lake11～C51) And determining the corresponding water quality category, comparing with the lake water quality standard, analyzing whether the lake water quality can reach the standard, and if the lake water quality reaches the standard, determining the tributary input concentration as the tributary water quality limit value.
Figure BDA0003078168160000181
Figure BDA0003078168160000191
Step S5: and calculating the dynamic water environment capacity of each production and confluence unit and the dynamic water environment capacity of the river basin according to the outlet water quality concentration of each production and confluence unit and the river-lake water quality limit value.
In the embodiment of the invention, the dynamic water environment capacity model takes the production confluence units as the basic calculation units, and the dynamic water environment capacity of the basin is calculated according to the dynamic water environment capacity of each production confluence unit. The dynamic water environment capacity can be estimated through a distributed water yield and water quality coupling model, wherein hydrological factors such as upper section inflow, interval production, branch inflow convergence, lower section outflow and the like of a computing unit can be obtained through a basin distributed hydrological model. The flow rate can be indirectly obtained by using a flow rate conversion relation. The water quality concentration of the upper section and the influent flow concentration of the branch can be obtained by a water quantity and water quality coupling model. The water quality target of the lower section and the water quality target of the artificial water intake are determined by the river water quality limit value calculated by the Bathtub model. Therefore, the calculation of the dynamic water environment capacity of the watershed mainly takes the river water quality limit value calculated by the Bathtub model and the water quantity and the water quality obtained by the watershed distributed water quantity and water quality coupling model as boundary conditions, and takes rainfall data as drive to calculate the dynamic water environment capacity, including the annual change and the annual change.
According to the one-dimensional water quality model equilibrium equation, the water environment capacity can be expressed as:
Wi＝Wp+RiCRi
＝Csi(ΔVi+Qi)-Qi-1Ci-1-QaiCai+Cqiqi+Wd
＝(Csi-Ci-1)Qi-1+CsiRi+(Csi-Cai)Qai+(Cqi-Csi)qi+Wd
calculating the degradation W of pollutants in the unit based on one-dimensional water quality model estimationdSubstituting the formula into the formula, the dynamic water environment capacity of each production confluence unit can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003078168160000201
wherein K represents the rate constant for contaminant degradation, CsiIndicates the water quality limit.
In one embodiment, a watershed in south China is taken as a case, and the dynamic capacity calculation of the watershed dynamic TP water environment is carried out by taking the typical pollutant Total Phosphorus (TP) as an index.
Basic data collection processing
For a certain river basin, collected data comprise geographical space data such as water system distribution, pollution source space distribution, meteorological station space distribution, hydrology and water quality station space distribution, land utilization, DEM, lake area and characteristic length, pollution source data such as point source and point source loads, water quality monitoring data such as rivers and lakes, hydrology data such as river flow and water level and meteorological data such as rainfall evaporation, and the time span is 2009 and 2018.
(II) basin distributed hydrological model construction
1. Product and sink unit partitioning
According to basic geographic information data of a certain watershed water system, administrative regions, land utilization, a DEM, hydrological sites, a water quality control section and the like, 86 production convergence computing units are obtained by dividing on the basis of an ARCGIS10.2 platform, and the fact that each computing unit has 1-2 water quality control sites to control water quality boundaries is guaranteed. When the computing units are divided, the hydrologic production convergence characteristics of a natural basin and the space difference of a water ecosystem are comprehensively analyzed, the basin natural characteristics of the ecosystem are considered, meanwhile, the dual scale conversion analysis of the basin and an administrative region can be supported by overlapping administrative partitions, and the computing units can be used as basic computing units of TP water environment capacity of a certain basin.
2. Model calibration verification
According to the collected data related to the certain drainage basin, the rainfall data of the certain drainage basin in 2009-. Fig. 5(a) -5(e) are graphs of the actual measured value and the simulated value of the runoff in the month runoff period (2010-.
Figure BDA0003078168160000211
By integrating judgment and evaluation indexes of simulation effects such as NSE, R2 and Bias, it can be seen that simulation results of the basin distributed water model all meet runoff simulation requirements, and show good precision, which indicates that the model can simulate natural distribution conditions of water resources of a certain basin, and lays a foundation for further developing water quality simulation of a certain basin and TP water environment capacity accounting.
(III) basin distributed water quantity and water quality coupling model
The method utilizes the monthly total phosphorus concentration data of a main water quality control station of a certain basin to respectively carry out water quality simulation on the lake entering tributaries, and selects 2015-2016 years for simulation, wherein 2015-2016 years are the period of the rate period, and 2017 years are the verification period. The results of the ratiometric validation metrics calculated according to the formula are shown in the table below. FIGS. 6(a) - (h) are graphs comparing the measured values and the simulated values of TP concentration at a part of water quality control site rate period (2015-2016) and a verification period (2017) in months.
Figure BDA0003078168160000221
The evaluation result of the model is comprehensively considered, the water quality simulation result of the distributed water quality coupling model is good, the error of most monitoring sections is less than 20%, and the model is suitable for water quality simulation of a certain drainage basin and lays a foundation for further carrying out water environment capacity accounting of the certain drainage basin.
(IV) river lake water quality response model
(1) Model selection
And selecting a phosphorus second-order Model on a Model Selector interface according to the TP control requirement of a certain watershed. The time of model construction is 4-9 months of each year in 2014-2018.
(2) Global parameter setting
Since the construction time of the river and lake response relation model is every month, the average period is set to 1/12, namely 0.083; the average rainfall, evaporation capacity, average water storage depth and the like of different months are input according to actual conditions.
(3) Local parameter setting
The river and lake water quality response model does not consider the partition of the lake body, and carries out statistics on the physical properties of the lake body according to different months, wherein the statistics comprises the surface area, the average depth, the characteristic length, the mixed layer depth, the TP average concentration of the lake region, the correction factor and the like, and the statistics is input into the model according to the actual situation. Where correction factors are used for model calibration.
(4) Tributary parameter setting
The information input by the tributaries includes the catchment area, flow rate of the tributaries and the TP concentration of the tributaries.
(5) Model calibration verification
Inputting water quality with different TP concentrations of the tributaries into the lake region, calculating the TP concentration of the lake region based on the model, carrying out comparative analysis and evaluation on the TP concentration and a TP measured value of a monitoring section corresponding to the lake region, selecting a correlation coefficient CC and a mean relative error MRE as model evaluation indexes, and judging the applicability of the model by comparing the TP simulation value with the measured value. The model evaluation index correlation coefficient CC and the average relative error MRE are respectively 0.99 and 0.004, a simulation process curve is shown in figure 7, the R2 values of the rate period and the verification period are respectively 0.6772 and 0.7848, and the simulation result of the river and lake water quality response model is good, so that the model is suitable for river and lake TP simulation of a certain watershed and lays a foundation for carrying out water environment capacity accounting of TP of the certain watershed.
(V) river TP Limit
In the process of determining the TP limit value of the lake entering branch, the method mainly comprises three steps, wherein the first step is that the lake entering branch executes the river TP standard of the surface water environmental quality standard (GB3838-2002), the second step is that the lake entering branch executes the lake TP standard of the surface water environmental quality standard (GB3838-2002), and the third step is that the lake TP standard is taken as a target, the gradient TP concentration of the branch is set, the lake TP concentration and the backward branch TP concentration under different situations are calculated based on the constructed river and lake water quality response model, and the TP limit value of the lake entering branch meeting various standard conditions of the lake is analyzed.
(3) Branch input gradient TP concentration
When the TP standard of the lake is taken as a target, inputting the branch setting condition into a model, calculating the TP concentration of the lake, determining the corresponding water quality type, comparing with the TP standard of the lake, analyzing whether the TP standard of the lake can be achieved or not, and if the TP standard is achieved, indicating that the branch input concentration is the limit value of the TP of the branch. As shown in the table below, when the TP concentration of the lake takes the standard limit values of the types I-V of lakes in the quality standard of surface water environment (GB3838-2002), the experimentally calculated TP concentration control limit value of the stream entering the lake is 0.02-0.4 mg/L and is between the lake and river control limit values. When the lake TP concentration is the lake III standard limit (0.05mg/L), the calculated lake-entering river TP concentration control limit is 0.075mg/L, which is equivalent to the river II water quality.
Figure BDA0003078168160000241
(VI) watershed dynamic TP Water environmental Capacity
(1) Hydrological frequency analysis and rainfall distribution
Analyzing daily rainfall data of each rainfall station of a certain watershed, counting to obtain annual rainfall data, performing frequency analysis by taking a more commonly used Pearson III type curve in China as a theoretical frequency curve, taking rainfall with the guarantee rates of 10%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 90% as annual rainfall of super-Feng, rich water, reclaimed water, dry water and extra dry water, performing rainfall distribution on the rainfall with different guarantee rates, inputting a watershed distributed water yield and quality model, obtaining water yield and quality processes under the conditions of different guarantee rates, and further calculating the water environment capacity.
(2) Dynamic TP Water environmental Capacity accounting
And (3) accounting is carried out on the water environment capacity of the watershed TP based on the water quantity and water quality process calculated by the distributed water quantity and water quality coupling model and the river TP limit value (0.075mg/l) calculated by the river and lake water quality response model, and the accounting result comprises the dynamic water environment capacity of the watershed and the dynamic water environment capacity of the watershed in different hydrological year conditions. The calculation results of the dynamic water environment capacity of the watershed under different hydrological annual conditions are shown in the following table, and dynamic change curves of the water environment capacity of each watershed TP in the year are shown in fig. 8(a) -8 (e).
Figure BDA0003078168160000251
The river and lake water quality limit-based watershed dynamic water environment capacity calculation method provided by the embodiment of the invention realizes dynamic distribution of pollution sources according to time dimension through a pollution load distribution model. Meanwhile, a basin distributed water quantity model is coupled with a one-dimensional water quality model through a flow and flow rate conversion model, and the water quantity is coupled with the water quality. And coupling of the basin water quantity and water quality model is completed by actually measuring the flow speed data. Because the measured water quality data and the preset river and lake water quality observation data are changed in real time, the water yield and quality and the water environment capacity of each confluence unit under different rainfall conditions are synchronously obtained, and the dynamic calculation of the confluence units and the water environment capacity of the drainage basin is realized. The result obtained according to the river and lake water quality response model is the water quality limit value of the river entering the lake, which is different from the requirement of the existing ground water quality standard, the water quality requirements of different areas for the river entering the lake are different, the water quality limit values of the rivers in different areas can be determined according to the river and lake water quality response model, and the calculation of the water environment capacity based on the water quality target and the water quality standard is different from the calculation of the water environment capacity based on the water quality target and the water quality standard in the past. The calculation precision of the watershed water environment capacity is improved, and the method is used for fine control of river pollution.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention provides a river and lake water quality limit-based watershed dynamic water environment capacity calculation system, as shown in fig. 9, comprising:
the data acquisition module 1 is configured to acquire basic data of a watershed water environment preset time to be calculated, where the basic data includes: geospatial data, pollution source data, water quality monitoring data, hydrological data and meteorological data; this module executes the method described in step S1 in embodiment 1, and is not described herein again.
The watershed distributed hydrological model building module 2 is used for dividing the watershed water environment to be calculated into a plurality of production convergence units according to the geographic space data and the meteorological data, building a watershed distributed hydrological model based on the basic data, and calibrating the watershed distributed hydrological model according to the measured flow data until the watershed distributed hydrological model meets the precision requirement; this module executes the method described in step S2 in embodiment 1, and is not described herein again.
The watershed distributed water quantity and water quality model building module 3 is used for coupling a watershed distributed hydrological model and a one-dimensional water quality model by using a preset conversion model to obtain a watershed distributed water quantity and water quality model, calibrating the watershed distributed water quantity and water quality model according to water quality actual measurement data until the watershed distributed water quantity and water quality model meets the precision requirement, and calculating the outlet water quality concentration of each convergence unit by using the watershed distributed water quantity and water quality model; this module executes the method described in step S3 in embodiment 1, and is not described herein again.
The river and lake water quality response model construction module 4 is used for constructing a river and lake water quality response model by using the basic data, calibrating the river and lake water quality response model according to preset river and lake water quality observation data until the river and lake water quality response model meets the precision requirement, and calculating a river and lake water quality limit value meeting the lake water quality standard condition by using the river and lake water quality response model; this module executes the method described in step S4 in embodiment 1, and is not described herein again.
The dynamic water environment capacity calculation module 5 is used for calculating the dynamic water environment capacity of each production confluence unit and the dynamic water environment capacity of a river basin according to the outlet water quality concentration of each production confluence unit and the river lake-entering water quality limit value; this module executes the method described in step S5 in embodiment 1, and is not described herein again.
The embodiment of the invention provides a watershed dynamic water environment capacity calculation system based on river and lake water quality limit values, which is characterized in that a watershed distributed hydrological model is constructed based on basic data, the dynamic water environment capacity model takes a production convergence unit as a basic calculation unit, a watershed distributed water yield and water quality model is obtained by coupling the watershed distributed hydrological model and a one-dimensional water quality model, and the outlet water quality concentration of each production convergence unit is calculated according to the watershed distributed water yield and water quality model; constructing a river and lake water quality response model by using the basic data, calibrating the river and lake water quality response model according to preset lake water quality standard data, and calculating a river and lake water quality limit value meeting the lake water quality standard condition by using the river and lake water quality response model; according to the outlet water quality concentration of each production confluence unit and the river lake-entering water quality limit value, the dynamic water environment capacity of each production confluence unit and the river basin is calculated, the accuracy of calculating the river water environment capacity is improved, and the capacity of the dynamic water environment can be estimated.
Example 3
An embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal, as shown in fig. 10, including: at least one processor 401, such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), at least one communication interface 403, memory 404, and at least one communication bus 402. Wherein a communication bus 402 is used to enable connective communication between these components. The communication interface 403 may include a Display (Display) and a Keyboard (Keyboard), and the optional communication interface 403 may also include a standard wired interface and a standard wireless interface. The Memory 404 may be a high-speed RAM Memory (Random Access Memory) or a non-volatile Memory (non-volatile Memory), such as at least one disk Memory. The memory 404 may optionally be at least one memory device located remotely from the processor 401. The processor 401 may execute the method for calculating the watershed dynamic water environment capacity based on the river and lake water quality limit in embodiment 1. A set of program codes is stored in the memory 404, and the processor 401 calls the program codes stored in the memory 404 for executing the method for calculating the dynamic water environment capacity of the drainage basin based on the river and lake water quality limit in embodiment 1. The communication bus 402 may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. The communication bus 402 may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, and the like. For ease of illustration, only one line is shown in FIG. 10, but it is not intended that there be only one bus or one type of bus. The memory 404 may include a volatile memory (RAM), such as a random-access memory (RAM); the memory may also include a non-volatile memory (english: non-volatile memory), such as a flash memory (english: flash memory), a hard disk (english: hard disk drive, abbreviated: HDD) or a solid-state drive (english: SSD); the memory 404 may also comprise a combination of memories of the kind described above. The processor 401 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), or a combination of a CPU and an NP.
The memory 404 may include a volatile memory (RAM), such as a random-access memory (RAM); the memory may also include a non-volatile memory (english: non-volatile memory), such as a flash memory (english: flash memory), a hard disk (english: hard disk drive, abbreviated: HDD) or a solid-state drive (english: SSD); the memory 404 may also comprise a combination of memories of the kind described above.
The processor 401 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), or a combination of a CPU and an NP.
The processor 401 may further include a hardware chip. The hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The PLD may be a Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a General Array Logic (GAL), or any combination thereof.
Optionally, the memory 404 is also used to store program instructions. The processor 401 may call a program instruction to implement the method for calculating the watershed dynamic water environment capacity based on the river and lake water quality limit value in embodiment 1.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein a computer-executable instruction is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and the computer-executable instruction can execute the method for calculating the watershed dynamic water environment capacity based on the river and lake water quality limit value in the embodiment 1. The storage medium may be a magnetic Disk, an optical Disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Flash Memory (Flash Memory), a Hard Disk (Hard Disk Drive, abbreviated as HDD), a Solid State Drive (SSD), or the like; the storage medium may also comprise a combination of memories of the kind described above.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A river and lake water quality limit-based watershed dynamic water environment capacity calculation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring basic data of a watershed to be calculated, wherein the basic data comprises: geospatial data, pollution source data, water quality monitoring data, hydrological data and meteorological data;
dividing a basin to be calculated into a plurality of production convergence units according to geospatial data and meteorological data, constructing a basin distributed hydrological model based on basic data, and calibrating the basin distributed hydrological model according to measured flow data until the basin distributed hydrological model meets the precision requirement;
coupling the basin distributed hydrological model and the one-dimensional water quality model by using a preset conversion model to obtain a basin distributed water quantity and water quality model, calibrating the basin distributed water quantity and water quality model according to water quality actual measurement data until the basin distributed water quantity and water quality model meets the precision requirement, and calculating the outlet water quality concentration of each convergence unit by using the basin distributed water quantity and water quality model;
establishing a river and lake water quality response model by using the basic data, calibrating the river and lake water quality response model according to preset river and lake water quality observation data until the river and lake water quality response model meets the precision requirement, and calculating a river and lake water quality limit value meeting the standard condition of lake water quality by using the river and lake water quality response model;
and calculating the dynamic water environment capacity of each production and confluence unit and the dynamic water environment capacity of the river basin according to the outlet water quality concentration of each production and confluence unit and the river-lake water quality limit value.
2. The method for calculating the watershed dynamic water environment capacity based on the river lake water quality limit value according to claim 1, wherein the preset conversion model comprises: a flow and flow rate conversion model and a pollution load distribution model.
3. The method for calculating the dynamic water environment capacity of the drainage basin based on the river and lake water quality limit value of claim 1, wherein a drainage basin distributed water quantity and water quality model is constructed through a DTVGM model.
4. The method for calculating the watershed dynamic water environment capacity based on the river lake water quality limit value according to claim 3, wherein the degradation amount of pollutants in the unit body comprises: upstream input pollutant degradation amount WdSThe amount of pollutant degradation W fed into the branchdZAmount of point source contaminant degradation WdPAmount of plane-source contaminant degradation WdM，
Calculating the degradation amount of pollutants in the unit body respectively by the following formulas:
Figure FDA0003078168150000021
Figure FDA0003078168150000022
Figure FDA0003078168150000023
wherein K represents the rate constant for contaminant degradation, QaijThe flow rate of the jth branch flow is shown; caijThe concentration of the j branch stream pollutants; l isjThe distance from the j-th branch to the end of the river reach from the junction; TL is the total length of the river reach; wdGThe pollutant degradation amount of the sewage discharge outlet is generalized; l isGThe distance between the sewage draining exit and the tail of the river reach is generalized; u is the river average flow rate.
5. The method for calculating the watershed dynamic water environment capacity based on the river and lake water quality limit value according to claim 1, wherein before the step of coupling the watershed distributed hydrological model and the one-dimensional water quality model by using the preset conversion model to obtain the watershed distributed water yield and water quality model, the method further comprises the following steps:
and counting point sources and non-point sources of the watershed to be calculated, and distributing the statistics to each production and convergence unit of the watershed distributed water quantity model.
6. The method for calculating the watershed dynamic water environment capacity based on the river lake water quality limit value according to claim 1, wherein the process of constructing the river lake water quality response model by using basic data comprises the following steps: selecting a corresponding model according to the requirement of the simulation index, and setting the global parameter, the local parameter and the branch parameter of the model to construct a river and lake water quality response model; wherein,
the global parameters include: rainfall, evaporation, water level change and atmospheric external load in the basin range;
the local parameters include: water surface area of lake region, average depth of lake region, depth of mixed layer, turbidity of non-algae and average water quality of lake region;
the tributary parameters included: the flow area of the influent branch, the influent flow rate and the influent water concentration.
7. The method for calculating the dynamic water environment capacity of the river and lake based on the river and lake water quality limit value in the drainage basin according to claim 4, wherein the dynamic water environment capacity of each flow generating and converging unit is calculated through the following formula:
Figure FDA0003078168150000031
wherein K represents the rate constant for contaminant degradation, CsiIndicates the water quality limit.
8. A river lake water quality limit-based watershed dynamic water environment capacity calculation system is characterized by comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring basic data of the watershed to be calculated, wherein the basic data comprises: geospatial data, pollution source data, water quality monitoring data, hydrological data and meteorological data;
the watershed distributed hydrological model building module is used for dividing a watershed to be calculated into a plurality of production convergence units according to the geospatial data and the meteorological data, building a watershed distributed hydrological model based on the basic data, and calibrating the watershed distributed hydrological model according to the actually-measured flow data until the watershed distributed hydrological model meets the precision requirement;
the watershed distributed water quantity and water quality model building module is used for coupling a watershed distributed hydrological model and a one-dimensional water quality model by using a preset conversion model to obtain a watershed distributed water quantity and water quality model, calibrating the watershed distributed water quantity and water quality model according to water quality actual measurement data until the watershed distributed water quantity and water quality model meets the precision requirement, and calculating the outlet water quality concentration of each convergence unit by using the watershed distributed water quantity and water quality model;
the river and lake water quality response model building module is used for building a river and lake water quality response model by using the basic data, calibrating the river and lake water quality response model according to preset river and lake water quality observation data until the river and lake water quality response model meets the precision requirement, and calculating a river and lake water quality limit value meeting the lake water quality standard condition by using the river and lake water quality response model;
and the dynamic water environment capacity calculation module is used for calculating the dynamic water environment capacity of each production confluence unit and the dynamic water environment capacity of a river basin according to the outlet water quality concentration of each production confluence unit and the river lake-entering water quality limit value.
9. A terminal, comprising: at least one processor and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to cause the at least one processor to execute the method for calculating the dynamic water environmental capacity of the river and lake based on the river and lake water quality limit according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing the computer to execute the method for calculating the dynamic water environment capacity of the river and lake based on the river and lake water quality limit value according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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