CN113297533A - Switch matrix switching method and system for TCT structure photovoltaic array reconstruction process - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and provides a switch matrix switching method for a TCT structure photovoltaic array reconstruction process, which comprises the following steps: determining and comparing the irradiance value and the position of each photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic array before and after reconstruction to form an assignment matrix; establishing a mathematical model for minimizing the switch switching quantity in the reconstruction process based on the formed assignment matrix; solving the mathematical model by adopting a Hungarian algorithm to obtain a solution matrix; and obtaining an optimal switch matrix switching scheme according to the solution matrix. According to the invention, on the premise of not influencing the output power of the photovoltaic array after reconstruction, the switching times required for reconstruction are reduced to the maximum extent, so that the power loss and the switch aging influence caused by switching in the reconstruction process are reduced to the minimum.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and particularly relates to a switch matrix switching method and system for a TCT structure photovoltaic array reconstruction process.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
Photovoltaic modules are typically connected in series and parallel to form a photovoltaic array. Due to the influence of factors such as cloud layers, trees, buildings and the like, a local shadow phenomenon inevitably occurs in the actual operation of the photovoltaic array, and serious power loss is caused. In fact, the power loss caused by partial shading is not only related to the intensity of the shading, but also to the connection structure to the array and the position of the shading module in the photovoltaic array.
On one hand, compared to photovoltaic arrays with other connection structures, the TCT structure can better reduce power loss caused by shadows, and is widely used and studied in the field of photovoltaic power generation. On the other hand, a photovoltaic array reconstruction method has been proposed, which changes the position of the photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic array by controlling the on/off of the switch in the switch matrix according to the environmental conditions such as irradiance, and further changes the irradiance distribution on the surface of the photovoltaic array, so as to further improve the output power of the photovoltaic array under the local shadow condition.
However, as the inventor knows, the implementation of the photovoltaic array reconfiguration process requires switching a large number of switches, which inevitably results in power loss, and frequent operations also accelerate the aging of the switches and ultimately affect the lifetime of the entire device, and in fact, reconfiguration can be accomplished without switching all of the switches. However, the existing method only focuses on the reconstruction strategy for maximizing the output power of the photovoltaic array, and does not consider the power loss caused by the switching.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a switch matrix switching method and a switch matrix switching system for a photovoltaic array reconstruction process of a TCT structure aiming at the problems of power loss and switch aging caused by switch switching in the reconstruction process, and the method and the system can reduce the switch switching number for realizing reconstruction to the maximum extent on the premise of not influencing the output power of the photovoltaic array after reconstruction, thereby minimizing the influence of power loss and switch aging caused by switching action.
According to some embodiments, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a switch matrix switching method for a TCT architecture photovoltaic array reconstruction process.
The switching matrix switching method for the reconstruction process of the TCT structure photovoltaic array comprises the following steps:
determining and comparing the irradiance value and the position of each photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic array before and after reconstruction to form an assignment matrix;
establishing a mathematical model for minimizing the switch switching quantity in the reconstruction process based on the formed assignment matrix;
solving the mathematical model by adopting a Hungarian algorithm to obtain a solution matrix;
and obtaining an optimal switch matrix switching scheme according to the solution matrix.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a switch matrix switching system for a TCT architecture photovoltaic array reconstruction process.
A switch matrix switching system for a TCT structure photovoltaic array reconstruction process, comprising:
a switch matrix module configured to: each photovoltaic module is provided with a double-pole M-throw switch, and the photovoltaic module is switched to any position of the photovoltaic array by controlling the on-off of the switch;
a sensing monitoring module configured to: connecting an irradiance sensor, and determining the scale of the photovoltaic array and irradiance information of each photovoltaic module;
a computing module configured to: forming an assignment matrix based on the irradiance value and the position of each photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic array before and after reconstruction; establishing a mathematical model for minimizing the switch switching quantity in the reconstruction process based on the formed assignment matrix; solving the mathematical model by adopting a Hungarian algorithm to obtain a solution matrix; obtaining an optimal switching scheme of the switch matrix according to the solution matrix;
a control module configured to: and according to the optimal switch matrix switching scheme, driving the on-off of a switch corresponding to the photovoltaic module to be switched in the switch matrix to complete reconstruction.
A third aspect of the invention provides a computer-readable storage medium.
A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method for switching a switch matrix for a process of reconfiguring a photovoltaic array of TCT architecture as defined above in relation to the first aspect.
A fourth aspect of the invention provides a computer apparatus.
A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor when executing the program implementing the steps in the method for switching a switch matrix for a process of reconstructing a photovoltaic array of a TCT structure as described in the first aspect above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention fills the blank of the existing research and can complete reconstruction without switching all switches. On the premise of not influencing the output power of the photovoltaic array after reconstruction, the number of switches needing to be operated in the one-time reconstruction process can be reduced to the greatest extent, so that the power loss and the switch aging caused by switching of the switch states are greatly reduced, the service cycle of a switch matrix is prolonged, and the economic loss caused by equipment damage is reduced.
Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a switch matrix switching method for a TCT structured photovoltaic array reconstruction process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection between photovoltaic modules in an MxN TCT structure photovoltaic array;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a switch matrix structure for implementing reconstruction;
FIG. 4 is an irradiance matrix before and after reconstruction for a 6 × 3 TCT structured photovoltaic array;
FIG. 5 is an assignment matrix H;
FIG. 6 is a solution matrix C;
fig. 7 is a switching scheme with a minimum number of switching actions, including the row change relationship, the photovoltaic module to be switched, and its position in the photovoltaic array before and after reconfiguration.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It is noted that the flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of methods and systems according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be noted that each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, a segment, or a portion of code, which may comprise one or more executable instructions for implementing the logical function specified in the respective embodiment. It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a switching matrix switching method for a TCT structure photovoltaic array reconfiguration process, and the embodiment is illustrated by applying the method to a server, and it is understood that the method may also be applied to a terminal, and may also be applied to a system including the terminal and the server, and is implemented by interaction between the terminal and the server. The server may be an independent physical server, a server cluster or a distributed system formed by a plurality of physical servers, or a cloud server providing basic cloud computing services such as a cloud service, a cloud database, cloud computing, a cloud function, cloud storage, a network server, cloud communication, middleware service, a domain name service, a security service CDN, a big data and artificial intelligence platform, and the like. The terminal may be, but is not limited to, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a smart speaker, a smart watch, and the like. The terminal and the server may be directly or indirectly connected through wired or wireless communication, and the application is not limited herein. In this embodiment, the method includes the steps of:
s101: determining and comparing the irradiance value and the position of each photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic array before and after reconstruction to form an assignment matrix;
s102: establishing a mathematical model for minimizing the switch switching quantity in the reconstruction process based on the formed assignment matrix;
s103: solving the mathematical model by adopting a Hungarian algorithm to obtain a solution matrix;
s104: and obtaining an optimal switch matrix switching scheme according to the solution matrix.
Specifically, the process of forming the assignment matrix and building a mathematical model that minimizes the number of switch switches in the reconstruction process includes:
as shown in fig. 2: for the TCT structure photovoltaic arrays with M rows and N columns, determining the irradiance values of each photovoltaic module in the initial photovoltaic array and the reconstructed photovoltaic array and the positions of the photovoltaic modules in the initial photovoltaic array and the reconstructed photovoltaic array to form two MXN irradiance matrixes;
comparing the elements of each row of the initial irradiance matrix and the reconstructed irradiance matrix to form an assignment matrix H with the order of M, wherein the element H of the ith row and the jth column in the assignment matrixijThe number of elements with different numerical values in the ith row in the initial irradiance matrix and the jth row in the reconstructed irradiance matrix, namely the number of photovoltaic modules needing to be switched before and after reconstruction in the corresponding row;
and (3) establishing a mathematical model with minimized switching quantity of the switch matrix by combining an assignment problem: m elements located in different rows and different columns are selected from the formed assignment matrix H to minimize the sum. The objective function and the constraint conditions are:
Xij＝0or 1
wherein Y is the sum of the number of photovoltaic modules required to be switched for reconstruction, and XijIs a binary variable, if XijIf the value is 1, the ith row of the initial photovoltaic array corresponds to the jth row of the reconstructed photovoltaic array, otherwise, X ij0. Since one row in the initial photovoltaic array can only be used to form one row of the reconstructed photovoltaic array, the two constraints mean that only one and only one element can be taken from each row and column of the assignment matrix H to satisfy the practical meaning.
As an alternative embodiment, the specific process of determining the optimal switching matrix switching scheme includes:
solving the established mathematical model by adopting a Hungarian algorithm to obtain a solution matrix C with the order of M and the elements only consisting of 0 and 1;
and determining the corresponding transformation relation of each row of the photovoltaic array before and after reconstruction by combining the solution matrix C and the irradiance matrix, and further obtaining the photovoltaic modules required to be switched in the reconstruction process, the variation relation of the positions of the photovoltaic modules before and after reconstruction, and the minimum switching times.
As an alternative embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps:
and driving the switch corresponding to the photovoltaic module to be switched in the switch matrix according to the obtained switch matrix switching scheme to complete reconstruction.
In order to better explain the scheme of the embodiment, the embodiment explains the specific implementation mode of the embodiment by programming simulation in a C language program and combining the drawings.
The embodiment adopts a 6X 3 TCT structure photovoltaic array for simulation verification. Wherein each photovoltaic module is connected to a row of the photovoltaic array by a switch of the double pole 6 throw type as shown in figure 3, i.e. there are a total of 216 switch switches. As shown in fig. 4, under a certain local shadow condition, an irradiance matrix is formed according to irradiance and a position of each photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic array before and after reconstruction.
The irradiance of each row of the initial photovoltaic array is compared with the irradiance of each row of the reconstructed photovoltaic array, the number of photovoltaic modules required to be switched when the rows are changed is determined, and an assignment matrix as shown in fig. 5 is formed. Taking the element value 1 of the second row and the fifth column in the assigned matrix as an example, it represents that the irradiance of only one photovoltaic module in the second row of the initial photovoltaic array and the fifth row of the reconstructed photovoltaic array is different, so that the photovoltaic module only needs to be switched to other rows through a switch in the corresponding row conversion, and the other two photovoltaic modules do not need to be switched through the switch in the reconstruction process.
Based on the formed assignment matrix, a mathematical model of the switch matrix switching based on the assignment problem is established, with the goal of selecting M elements from the formed assignment matrix H that are located in different rows and different columns, and minimizing the sum.
Xij＝0or 1
Solving the mathematical model by using a hungarian algorithm to obtain a solution matrix C shown in fig. 6, wherein the row number and the column number of each nonzero element represent a transformation relation of each row of the photovoltaic array before and after reconstruction, and taking an element 1 in a fifth column of a second row in the solution matrix as an example, on one hand, the element represents that the second row of the initial photovoltaic array should be transformed to the fifth row of the reconstructed photovoltaic array in the reconstruction process, and on the other hand, the element also represents a selected number 1 in the fifth column of the second row of the assigned matrix, that is, the row transformation needs to switch one photovoltaic module.
Further, a scheme for minimizing the number of switching times as shown in fig. 7 is obtained according to the solution matrix C, specifically: switching the 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th, 5 th and 6 th rows of the initial photovoltaic array to the 1 st, 5 th, 6 th, 3 rd, 4 th and 2 th rows of the reconstructed photovoltaic array respectively, wherein the number of the photovoltaic modules to be switched in each row is 1, 1 and 2, and the specific position change relationship of all the photovoltaic modules to be switched and the photovoltaic modules before and after reconstruction in the photovoltaic array is marked in the figure. Therefore, the reconstruction can be completed by switching the least switches on the premise of not affecting the output power of the reconstructed photovoltaic array only by switching the switches connected to the marked 7 photovoltaic modules and relocating the photovoltaic modules to other corresponding rows.
It can be seen that the number of photovoltaic modules required to be switched by the method is only about one third of the number of all the photovoltaic modules, so that the number of switches required to be operated in the reconfiguration process can be greatly reduced by applying the method, and further, the power loss and the switching loss caused by the switching process are reduced.
Example two
The embodiment provides a switch matrix switching system for a TCT structure photovoltaic array reconstruction process.
A switch matrix switching system for a TCT structure photovoltaic array reconstruction process, comprising:
a switch matrix module configured to: each photovoltaic module is provided with a double-pole M-throw switch, and the photovoltaic module is switched to any position of the photovoltaic array by controlling the on-off of the switch;
a sensing monitoring module configured to: connecting an irradiance sensor, and determining the scale of the photovoltaic array and irradiance information of each photovoltaic module;
a computing module configured to: forming an assignment matrix based on the irradiance value and the position of each photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic array before and after reconstruction; establishing a mathematical model for minimizing the switch switching quantity in the reconstruction process based on the formed assignment matrix; solving the mathematical model by adopting a Hungarian algorithm to obtain a solution matrix; obtaining an optimal switching scheme of the switch matrix according to the solution matrix;
a control module configured to: and according to the optimal switch matrix switching scheme, driving the on-off of a switch corresponding to the photovoltaic module to be switched in the switch matrix to complete reconstruction.
It should be noted that the modules described above are the same as those of the first embodiment and the application scenarios, but are not limited to the disclosure of the first embodiment. It should be noted that the modules described above as part of a system may be implemented in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions.
EXAMPLE III
The present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the steps in the switching matrix switching method for the reconfiguration process of a TCT structured photovoltaic array as described in the first embodiment above.
Example four
The embodiment provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the steps of the switching matrix switching method for the TCT structure photovoltaic array reconfiguration process according to the first embodiment.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by a computer program, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The switching matrix switching method for the reconstruction process of the TCT structure photovoltaic array is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining and comparing the irradiance value and the position of each photovoltaic module in the photovoltaic array before and after reconstruction to form an assignment matrix;
establishing a mathematical model for minimizing the switch switching quantity in the reconstruction process based on the formed assignment matrix;
and solving the mathematical model, and obtaining an optimal switching scheme of the switch matrix according to the solution matrix.
2. The switching matrix switching method for the reconstruction process of the TCT structure photovoltaic array of claim 1, wherein the constructing of the initial irradiance matrix and the reconstructed irradiance matrix comprises: for the TCT structure photovoltaic array with M rows and N columns, determining the irradiance values of each photovoltaic module in the initial photovoltaic array and the reconstructed photovoltaic array and the positions of the photovoltaic modules in the initial photovoltaic array and the reconstructed photovoltaic array to form two MXN initial irradiance matrixes and two reconstructed irradiance matrixes.
3. The switching matrix switching method for the reconstruction process of the TCT structure photovoltaic array according to claim 1, wherein the element H of the ith row and the jth column in the assignment matrixijThe number of elements with different numerical values in the ith row in the initial irradiance matrix and the jth row in the reconstructed irradiance matrix, that is, the number of photovoltaic modules which need to be switched before and after reconstruction in the corresponding row.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mathematical model of the switching matrix comprises a minimum sum of M elements from a given matrix, said M elements being located in different rows and different columns.
5. The switching matrix switching method for the reconstruction process of the TCT structured photovoltaic array according to claim 1, wherein the mathematical model of the switching matrix switching is:
the constraint conditions of the mathematical model for switching the switch matrix comprise:
Xij＝0 or 1
wherein Y is the sum of the number of photovoltaic modules required to be switched for reconstruction, and XijIs a binary variable, if XijIf the value is 1, the ith row of the initial photovoltaic array corresponds to the jth row of the reconstructed photovoltaic array, otherwise, Xij＝0。
6. The switching matrix switching method for the reconstruction process of the TCT structured photovoltaic array according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of determining the optimal switching matrix switching scheme comprises:
solving the established mathematical model by adopting a Hungarian algorithm to obtain a solution matrix C with the order of M and the elements only consisting of 0 and 1;
and determining the corresponding transformation relation of each row of the photovoltaic array before and after reconstruction by combining the solution matrix C with the initial irradiance matrix and the reconstructed irradiance matrix, and further obtaining the photovoltaic modules needing to be switched in the reconstruction process, the variation relation of the positions of the photovoltaic modules before and after reconstruction, and the minimum switching times.
7. The switching matrix switching method for the reconstruction process of the photovoltaic array with the TCT structure as claimed in claim 6, wherein the reconstruction is completed by driving the switch corresponding to the photovoltaic module to be switched in the switching matrix according to the obtained optimal switching matrix switching scheme.
8. A switch matrix switching system for TCT structure photovoltaic array reconfiguration process, characterized by, includes:
a switch matrix module configured to: each photovoltaic module is provided with a double-pole M-throw switch, and the photovoltaic module is switched to any position of the photovoltaic array by controlling the on-off of the switch;
a sensing monitoring module configured to: connecting an irradiance sensor, and determining the scale of the photovoltaic array and irradiance information of each photovoltaic module;
a computing module configured to: determining the number of photovoltaic modules required to be switched during the line-to-line conversion based on the initial irradiance matrix and the reconstructed irradiance matrix to form an assignment matrix; establishing a mathematical model of switching of the switch matrix based on the formed assignment matrix; solving the mathematical model by adopting a Hungarian algorithm to obtain a solution matrix; obtaining an optimal switching scheme of the switch matrix according to the solution matrix;
a control module configured to: and according to the optimal switch matrix switching scheme, driving the on-off of a switch corresponding to the photovoltaic module to be switched in the switch matrix to complete reconstruction.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method for switching a switch matrix for a process of reconstructing a photovoltaic array of TCT architecture as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor, when executing the program, implements the steps in the method for switching a switch matrix for a process of reconstructing a photovoltaic array of TCT architecture according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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