CN113296308A

CN113296308A - Light adjusting film with electric heating function and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113296308A
Application number: CN202110644322.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李唯; 吴琴; 段嘉明; 黄石娟; 杜鹏
Original assignee: Zhuhai Singyes New Materials Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shuifa Xingye Energy Zhuhai Co ltd; Zhuhai Shuifa Xingye New Materials Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-09
Filing date: 2021-06-09
Publication date: 2021-08-24
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-09
Also published as: CN113296308B

Abstract

The invention relates to a light modulation film with an electric heating function and a preparation method thereof, wherein the light modulation film comprises a first base material layer, a first conducting layer, a PDLC layer, a second conducting layer and a second base material layer which are sequentially laminated; at least one of the first conducting layer and the second conducting layer is an electrothermal conducting layer, the electrothermal conducting layer comprises N conducting areas, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the N conducting areas are sequentially connected end to form a heating conducting path, the head end of the heating conducting path is connected with a first heating electrode, and the tail end of the heating conducting path is connected with a second heating electrode; the electric heating conductive layer also comprises M first dimming electrodes, wherein M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the first dimming electrodes are connected between the head end and the tail end of the heating conductive path. The conducting layer of this membrane of adjusting luminance can have the function of adjusting luminance and heating, need not to increase the whole thickness of membrane of adjusting luminance, and is few to the optical property influence of product.

Description

Light adjusting film with electric heating function and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of a light modulation film, in particular to a light modulation film with an electric heating function and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The polymer dispersed liquid crystal light adjusting film (PDLC film) mainly comprises two transparent conductive films and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer positioned between the two conductive films. The polymer dispersed liquid crystal layer is mainly composed of a polymer network and liquid crystal droplets and spacers distributed in the polymer network. When the power of the positive PDLC film is cut off, the liquid crystal orientation is disorderly arranged and is in a frosted state; when an electric field is applied, the liquid crystals are arranged along the direction of the electric field under the action of the electric field force, and are in a transparent state. The function of adjusting the shielding performance is mainly realized by the overturning of liquid crystal molecules. Common PDLC light modulation film products are limited by the low temperature characteristics of the polymer-liquid crystal structure, and suffer from power-off delay when the ambient temperature is low, and the delay time gradually increases as the temperature decreases. Most of the light adjusting film products have obvious power failure delay when used below-20 ℃, and the low-temperature power failure delay problem greatly influences the popularization of the light adjusting film products in low-temperature application scenes.

Aiming at the characteristic of the liquid crystal dimming film, the method in the industry is to add a layer of heating film on the outer side of the laminated dimming glass to heat the dimming film. The scheme can increase the whole thickness of the liquid crystal dimming film, and simultaneously increase the haze of the product in a power-on state, reduce the light transmittance and influence the visual effect of a user. In addition, the light-adjusting film is often adhered to an object to be adhered such as glass through a glue layer, and at present, the self-adhesive light-adjusting film uses a glue layer containing acrylate resin, and the self-adhesive layer is separated from a contact surface due to heat shrinkage and aging.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a light modulation film with an electric heating function and a preparation method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention provides a light modulation film with an electrothermal function, which comprises a first base material layer, a first conducting layer, a PDLC layer, a second conducting layer and a second base material layer which are sequentially laminated; at least one of the first conducting layer and the second conducting layer is an electrothermal conducting layer, the electrothermal conducting layer comprises N conducting areas, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the N conducting areas are sequentially connected end to form a heating conducting path, the head end of the heating conducting path is connected with a first heating electrode, and the tail end of the heating conducting path is connected with a second heating electrode; the electric heating conductive layer also comprises M first dimming electrodes, M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the first dimming electrodes are connected between the head end and the tail end of the heating conductive path; when heating, the first heating electrode and the second heating electrode of the same electric heating conductive layer are respectively connected to two ends of a power supply; when dimming, if the first conducting layer and the second conducting layer are both electrothermal conducting layers, the first dimming electrode of the first conducting layer and the first dimming electrode of the second conducting layer are respectively connected to two ends of a power supply; if only one of the first conducting layer and the second conducting layer is an electrothermal conducting layer, the other one is connected with a second dimming electrode, and the first dimming electrode and the second dimming electrode are respectively connected to two ends of a power supply.

The further technical scheme is that M is larger than 1, and the first dimming electrodes are uniformly distributed and connected between the head end and the tail end of the heating conductive path.

The further technical scheme is that the adjacent conducting regions are separated by insulating regions except the head-tail connection positions, and the width of each insulating region is less than or equal to 5 mu m.

The insulating area comprises at least one first insulating line extending from one edge of the electric heating conductive layer to the inside of the electric heating conductive layer, or comprises at least one first insulating line extending from one edge of the electric heating conductive layer to the inside of the electric heating conductive layer and a second insulating line extending from a point on the first insulating line to the inside of the electric heating conductive layer; the first insulating line and the second insulating line are straight lines, curved lines or broken lines.

The further technical scheme is that the head end and the tail end of the heating conductive path and the connection part of the first dimming electrode and the heating conductive path are respectively arranged at the edge of the electric heating conductive film.

The further technical scheme is that the head end and the tail end of the heating conductive path are arranged in a first edge section of the electrothermal conductive film, and the first dimming electrode is arranged in a second edge section of the electrothermal conductive film except the first edge section.

The further technical scheme is that the conductive materials of the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are respectively selected from at least one of nickel indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, indium gallium oxide, gallium zinc oxide, indium oxide, aluminum zinc oxide, carbon nano tubes, nano silver wires, copper, aluminum, molybdenum and titanium.

The further technical scheme is that the first base material layer and the second base material layer are both flexible base material layers.

The light adjusting film further comprises a heat-conducting high-temperature-resistant adhesive layer arranged on the first base material layer or the second base material layer; the heat-conducting high-temperature-resistant adhesive layer is silica gel dispersed with heat-conducting materials.

In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the present invention also provides a method for producing a light adjusting film having an electrothermal function according to any one of the above aspects, which is produced by any one of the first method and the second method:

the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: preparing an electrothermal conductive layer on a substrate to obtain an electrothermal conductive film; step two: preparing a light adjusting film by adopting two electric heating conductive films and a PDLC material or one electric heating conductive film, a common conductive film and a PDLC material;

the second method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: preparing a conventional light adjusting film; step two: and processing the conducting layer on one side or two sides of the conventional light adjusting film into an electric heating conducting layer by a laser inner carving technology.

The further technical scheme is that in the first step of the first method, an electrothermal conducting layer is formed on the base material through 3D printing, chemical etching, laser etching or mask processing.

Compared with the prior art, the invention can obtain the following beneficial effects:

the light modulation film improves the conducting layer of the existing light modulation film, increases the electric heating function on the basis of electric conduction, particularly changes the whole conducting layer into a heating conducting path formed by connecting a plurality of conducting areas end to end, and the two ends of the heating conducting path are connected with the two ends of a power supply during heating, so that the cross section area of the heating conducting path is reduced, the length is increased, the resistance is increased, and the heating efficiency is improved. And the dimming electrode is connected between the head end and the tail end of the heating conductive path, the resistance of the dimming electrode is reduced relative to the heating conductive path, and the dimming electrode and another conductive layer form an electric field to act on the PDLC, so that the heating in the dimming process is less. When ambient temperature is less than the operating temperature of membrane of adjusting luminance, can open the heating function, make membrane of adjusting luminance self temperature keep in operating temperature range, make PDLC membrane of adjusting luminance also can normal use in low temperature environment. The electric heating layer is in direct contact with the PDLC, so that heat loss and temperature control delay in the heat transfer process are reduced, and control is more accurate.

In addition, other film materials are not required to be added to the original liquid crystal dimming film, the whole thickness of the dimming film is not increased, and the influence on the optical performance of a product, such as an on-state visual effect, is little.

In addition, the preparation method of the light adjusting film can prepare the light adjusting film with the electric heating conducting layer firstly and then adopts the conventional coating method and other methods, and can also process the conventional conducting layer into the electric heating conducting layer by utilizing laser inner carving on the basis of the existing light adjusting film. Specifically, different conductive areas which are spaced from each other in the middle and are connected end to end are formed on the conductive layer by using methods such as laser engraving, etching or printing, and the like, and the conductive pattern can be selected at will. The preparation method is effective and feasible.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a light modulation film according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an example 1 of an electrothermal conductive layer in an embodiment of a light-adjusting film of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an example 2 of an electrothermal conductive layer in an embodiment of a light-adjusting film of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an example 3 of an electrothermal conductive layer in an embodiment of a light-adjusting film of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an example 4 of an electrothermal conductive layer in an embodiment of a light-modulating film of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a circuit connection structure when dimming is implemented by the embodiment of the dimming film of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a circuit connection structure when the embodiment of the light modulation film of the present invention realizes heating.

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, the light modulation film of the present invention includes a first base material layer 1, a first conductive layer 2, a PDLC layer 3, a second conductive layer 4, and a second base material layer 5, which are sequentially stacked. Wherein at least one of the first conductive layer 2 and the second conductive layer 4 is an electrothermal conductive layer. The first substrate layer 1 or the second substrate layer 5 may be a flexible substrate layer, for example a PET layer. In order to attach the light-adjusting film to an object such as glass, a glue layer 6 can be provided on the first substrate layer 1 or the second substrate layer 5 to form a self-adhesive light-adjusting film. For avoiding glue film 6 at the in-process shrink of repeated heating, ageing and lead to the membrane of adjusting luminance to peel off, glue film 6 of this embodiment adopts heat conduction high temperature resistant glue film, for example adopt the high temperature resistant silica gel that adds the heat conduction material as the glue film, compare in the acrylate adhesive, silica gel itself has better high temperature resistant ageing-resistant performance, the heat conduction material can improve silica gel such as conductive metal line (like nanometer silver line) etc. heat conduction, the thermal diffusivity, avoid the heat accumulation of glue film, and there is the defogging effect. For example, a silicone adhesive as disclosed in prior patent application CN112239644A may be used.

The electric heating conducting layer comprises N conducting areas 7, N is an integer larger than or equal to 2, the N conducting areas 7 are sequentially connected end to form a heating conducting path, the head end of the heating conducting path is connected with a first heating electrode 8, and the tail end of the heating conducting path is connected with a second heating electrode 9. The electrothermal conductive layer further comprises M first dimming electrodes 10, M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the first dimming electrodes 10 are connected between the head end and the tail end of the heating conductive path.

When heating, the first heating electrode 8 and the second heating electrode 9 of the same electric heating conductive layer are respectively connected to two ends of a power supply such as an alternating current power supply, and a heating conductive path between the first heating electrode 8 and the second heating electrode 9 has a reduced sectional area, an increased length and an increased resistance compared with the whole conductive layer, so that the heating efficiency can be improved. As shown in fig. 6, if the first conductive layer 2 and the second conductive layer 4 are both electrothermal conductive layers, the first heating electrode 81 of the first conductive layer 2 and the first heating electrode 82 of the second conductive layer 4 may be commonly connected to a first end of a power supply, the second heating electrode 91 of the first conductive layer 2 and the second heating electrode 92 of the second conductive layer 4 may be commonly connected to a second end of the power supply, and the two electrothermal conductive layers are connected in parallel.

When dimming, if the first conductive layer 2 and the second conductive layer 4 are both electrothermal conductive layers, as shown in fig. 7, the first dimming electrode 101 of the first conductive layer 4 and the first dimming electrode 102 of the second conductive layer 4 are respectively connected to two ends of a power supply, so that an electric field is formed between the first conductive layer 2 and the second conductive layer 4, and PDLC inversion is promoted to realize conversion from frosted to transparent of the dimming film. If only one of the first and second

conductive layers

2 and 4 is an electrothermal conductive layer, the other has an integral conductive layer and is connected with a second dimming electrode, and the first and

second dimming electrodes

10 and 4 are connected to both ends of a power supply, respectively, similar to fig. 7.

Preferably, M is an integer greater than 1, and the plurality of first dimming electrodes 10 are used to reduce the resistance at the time of dimming. The first dimming electrodes 10 are uniformly distributed between the head and tail ends of the heating conductive paths to further reduce the resistance during dimming, where the uniform distribution is substantially uniform. M is a positive divisor of N, for example, and 1 first dimming electrode 10 is connected to every (N/M) conductive regions 7.

Preferably, adjacent conductive regions 7 are separated by insulating regions 11 except for the end-to-end connections, i.e. regions 11 that do not contain conductive material, e.g. are not coated with conductive material. The insulating regions 11 may be, for example, line-shaped. The width of the insulating region 11 is less than or equal to 5 μm, so that the influence of an electric field formed by the light-dimming conducting layer is reduced, and the effect of off-state shielding and on-state transparency of the liquid crystal light-dimming film is ensured.

Preferably, the insulation region includes at least one first insulation line 111 extending from one edge of the electrothermal conductive layer into the electrothermal conductive layer, or includes at least one first insulation line 111 extending from one edge of the electrothermal conductive layer into the electrothermal conductive layer and a second insulation line 112 extending from a point on the first insulation line 111 into the electrothermal conductive layer. The first and second insulating

lines

111 and 112 are straight lines, curved lines, or broken lines. Different patterns of insulating regions can be formed by the first insulating line 111 and the second insulating line 112, and then the conductive regions 7 with different patterns are divided, as shown in fig. 2 to 6 as examples of different patterns of heating and conducting, the electrothermal conductive layer can be designed into different patterns according to actual needs, as long as the different conductive regions are connected end to improve the resistance of the heat conducting path.

Preferably, the head end and the tail end of the heating conductive path and the connection part of the first dimming electrode 10 and the heating conductive path are respectively arranged at the edge of the electric heating conductive film, so that the electrodes are conveniently connected at the edge, and the appearance of the dimming film is not influenced.

Preferably, the head end and the tail end of the heating conductive path are disposed in a first edge section of the electrothermal conductive film, and the plurality of first dimming electrodes 10 are disposed in a second edge section of the electrothermal conductive film except the first edge section. The first edge section and the second edge section are continuous sections for dividing the periphery of the electrothermal conductive film. So set up for first electrode 10 of adjusting luminance can not insert first heating electrode 8 and the first edge section that second heating electrode 9 is located, is convenient for heat the wiring and adjusts luminance the wiring separately, avoids the wiring confusion. For example, as shown in fig. 2, the first heating electrode 8 and the second heating electrode 9 may be located at one side edge of the electrothermal conductive film, and the plurality of first dimming electrodes 10 may be located at the other side edge of the electrothermal conductive film.

Preferably, the conductive materials of the first conductive layer 2 and the second conductive layer 4 are respectively selected from at least one of nickel indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, indium gallium oxide, gallium zinc oxide, indium oxide, aluminum zinc oxide, carbon nanotube, nano silver wire, copper, aluminum, molybdenum, and titanium, and can be selected according to the actual conductive requirement and the processing performance requirement. The first substrate layer 1 and the second substrate layer 5 are both flexible substrate layers, for example, PET substrates, which facilitate the attachment of the light modulation film to other objects, such as glass.

The preparation method of the light adjusting film with the electric heating function comprises the following two methods:

the method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: and preparing an electrothermal conductive layer on the substrate to obtain the electrothermal conductive film. In the preparation stage of the conductive film, an electrothermal conductive layer can be formed on the substrate by 3D printing, chemical etching, laser etching or mask processing. In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the nano silver wire paste may be printed on the transparent PET substrate in a continuous grid-like form by a 3D printing technique, and the width of the insulating region 11 between two adjacent grid pitches, i.e., adjacent conductive regions 7, is not more than 5 μm.

Step two: the light adjusting film is prepared according to the light adjusting film structure by adopting two electric heating conductive films and a PDLC material or adopting one electric heating conductive film, one common conductive film (comprising a substrate and a whole conductive layer) and a PDLC material, and the light adjusting film can be prepared by coating and roll-to-roll processing technology.

The second method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: a conventional light adjusting film including a first base material layer, a first conductive layer, a PDLC layer, a second conductive layer, and a second base material layer, which are laminated at one time, each of the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer being a whole conductive layer is prepared. The conventional light adjusting film can be manufactured according to a conventional light adjusting film production process, for example, a light adjusting film made of two common conductive films (including a base material and a whole conductive layer) and a PDLC material, and can also be purchased.

Step two: and processing the conducting layer on one side or two sides of the light adjusting film into an electric heating conducting layer by a laser inner carving technology. The laser inner carving technology can penetrate through the base material layer on one side or two sides of the light adjusting film, and the conducting layer on the inner side of the base material layer is processed into a required pattern.

Finally, it should be emphasized that the above-described embodiments are merely preferred examples of the invention, which is not intended to limit the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A light modulation film with an electric heating function comprises a first base material layer, a first conducting layer, a PDLC layer, a second conducting layer and a second base material layer which are sequentially stacked; the method is characterized in that:

at least one of the first conducting layer and the second conducting layer is an electrothermal conducting layer, the electrothermal conducting layer comprises N conducting areas, N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, the N conducting areas are sequentially connected end to form a heating conducting path, the head end of the heating conducting path is connected with a first heating electrode, and the tail end of the heating conducting path is connected with a second heating electrode; the electric heating conductive layer further comprises M first dimming electrodes, M is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the first dimming electrodes are connected between the head end and the tail end of the heating conductive path;

when heating, the first heating electrode and the second heating electrode of the same electric heating conductive layer are respectively connected to two ends of a power supply;

when dimming, if the first conducting layer and the second conducting layer are both electrothermal conducting layers, the first dimming electrode of the first conducting layer and the first dimming electrode of the second conducting layer are respectively connected to two ends of a power supply; if only one of the first conducting layer and the second conducting layer is an electrothermal conducting layer, the other one is connected with a second dimming electrode, and the first dimming electrode and the second dimming electrode are respectively connected to two ends of a power supply.

2. The light adjusting film having an electrothermal function according to claim 1, wherein:

m is larger than 1, and the first dimming electrodes are uniformly distributed between the head end and the tail end of the heating conductive path.

3. A light adjusting film having an electrothermal function according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:

the adjacent conductive regions are separated by insulating regions except the head-to-tail connection positions, and the width of each insulating region is less than or equal to 5 mu m.

4. A light adjusting film having an electrothermal function according to claim 3, wherein:

the insulation region comprises at least one first insulation line extending from one edge of the electrothermal conductive layer into the electrothermal conductive layer, or comprises at least one first insulation line extending from one edge of the electrothermal conductive layer into the electrothermal conductive layer and a second insulation line extending from a point on the first insulation line as a starting point in the electrothermal conductive layer; the first insulating wire and the second insulating wire are straight lines, curved lines or broken lines.

5. A light adjusting film having an electrothermal function according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:

the head end and the tail end of the heating conductive path and the connection part of the first dimming electrode and the heating conductive path are respectively arranged at the edge of the electric heating conductive film.

6. The light adjusting film having an electrothermal function according to claim 5, wherein:

the head end and the tail end of the heating conductive path are arranged in a first edge section of the electrothermal conductive film, and the first dimming electrode is arranged in a second edge section of the electrothermal conductive film except the first edge section.

7. A light adjusting film having an electrothermal function according to claim 1 or 2, wherein:

the conductive materials of the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer are respectively selected from at least one of nickel indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, indium gallium oxide, gallium zinc oxide, indium oxide, aluminum zinc oxide, carbon nano tubes, nano silver wires, copper, aluminum, molybdenum and titanium; the first base material layer and the second base material layer are flexible base material layers.

8. The light modulation film with an electrothermal function according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a heat-conducting high-temperature-resistant adhesive layer disposed on the first substrate layer or the second substrate layer; the heat-conducting high-temperature-resistant adhesive layer is silica gel dispersed with heat-conducting materials.

9. A method for producing a light adjusting film having an electrothermal function according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by producing by any one of the first and second methods:

the method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: preparing an electrothermal conductive layer on a substrate to obtain an electrothermal conductive film;

step two: preparing a light adjusting film by adopting two electric heating conductive films and a PDLC material or one electric heating conductive film, a common conductive film and a PDLC material;

the second method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: preparing a conventional light adjusting film;

step two: and processing the conducting layer on one side or two sides of the conventional light adjusting film into an electric heating conducting layer by a laser inner carving technology.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein:

in the first step of the first method, the electrothermal conductive layer is formed on the substrate by 3D printing, chemical etching, laser etching or mask processing.