CN113296164A - Wireless real-time transmission node type seismograph system and synchronous calibration method - Google Patents
Wireless real-time transmission node type seismograph system and synchronous calibration method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wireless real-time transmission node type seismograph system which comprises at least one primary acquisition network, a secondary network wireless control host and a control terminal, wherein the primary acquisition network, the secondary network wireless control host and the control terminal are connected in series, each primary acquisition network comprises a primary network wireless control host and a plurality of wireless node instruments connected with the primary network wireless control host, the secondary network wireless control host collects data acquired by the plurality of primary network wireless control hosts and forwards the data to the control terminal in real time through a high-speed network interface of the secondary network wireless control host, and the control terminal displays and stores seismic data in real time. The invention also designs a method for carrying out synchronous calibration by adopting the wireless real-time transmission node type seismograph system, which not only greatly improves the application range and the construction efficiency of the wireless seismic acquisition system, but also realizes the wireless real-time acquisition and transmission of seismic data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of seismic exploration, in particular to a wireless real-time transmission node type seismograph system and a synchronous calibration method.
Background
Seismic prospecting is a main means for exploring petroleum and natural gas on land and sea, is also an important exploration method for other mineral resources, and is widely applied to the aspects of researching the internal structure of the earth, engineering seismic exploration and detection, earth disaster prediction and the like.
The traditional high-precision multi-channel digital seismic data acquisition system mainly comprises a plurality of geophones, a seismic main line and a seismic recorder 3. Geophones are mainly used to directly pick up artificial or natural seismic signals and convert the vibrations into an electrical signal form that can be acquired by a seismic recorder. The earthquake recording system carries out interference filtering and gain amplification control on the weak electric signals output by the detector and completely records the signals. And the seismic main line is used for the connection between the geophone and the seismic recorder. Due to the wired connection adopted by the traditional wired seismic exploration system, synchronous acquisition of all channels and real-time data transmission are very simple.
With the development of wireless communication technology, wireless seismographs which transmit instructions and transmit acquired data by using the wireless communication technology are more and more widely applied. At present, wireless communication technologies applied to the aspects of seismic data acquisition and transmission mainly comprise Bluetooth, zigbee, WIFI, 3G/4G/5G and the like. Bluetooth and zigbee have the problems of insufficient wireless data transmission bandwidth, short transmission distance, incapability of transmitting multi-channel data in real time and the like, so that the number of instrument channels and the arrangement and layout range are limited, and the practical use is less. Wireless seismographs based on WIFI technique all can satisfy the demand at transmission bandwidth, real-time transmission etc. WIFI transmission distance and stability are all relatively ideal under the straight line visible distance, but if there is the building to shelter from between the wave detector range, perhaps the earth's surface has height fluctuation etc. all can influence WIFI signal transmission distance and stability, and general router WIFI transmission maximum distance is about 100 ~ 200 meters, and it can't do all to bigger exploration place. The wireless seismograph based on the 3G/4G/5G technology is very convenient to use in urban environment, and can meet requirements on real-time data transmission and communication distance, but petroleum seismic exploration and engineering seismic exploration projects are often in remote areas or even unmanned areas, base stations around the field are rare, 3G/4G/5G mobile phone signals are very weak and even have no signal coverage, and therefore work cannot be carried out in the remote areas.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a wireless real-time transmission node type seismograph system and a synchronous calibration method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a wireless real-time transmission node type seismograph system and a synchronous calibration method comprise at least one primary acquisition network, a secondary network wireless control host and a control terminal which are connected in series, wherein each primary acquisition network comprises a primary network wireless control host and a plurality of wireless node instruments connected with the primary network wireless control host, the secondary network wireless control host collects data acquired by the plurality of primary network wireless control hosts and forwards the data to the control terminal in real time through a high-speed network interface of the secondary network wireless control host, and the control terminal displays and stores seismic data in real time.
Preferably, the wireless node instrument comprises a seismic sensor, a signal amplification/filtering conditioning circuit, an A/D conversion circuit, a GPS positioning and time service module, a wireless transmission module and a control and storage module, wherein the seismic sensor converts a vibration signal into an electric signal after receiving a seismic signal, then the electric signal is processed by the signal amplification/filtering conditioning circuit, and then the electric signal is converted into a digital signal by the A/D conversion circuit and sent to the wireless control host by the wireless transmission module.
Preferably, the primary network wireless control host comprises a lithium battery, a DC/DC voltage stabilizing module, a primary network trigger control module, a primary network GPS positioning and time service module and a primary network control and storage module, the primary network wireless control host also provides a network interface for connecting with a control terminal, data acquired by each wireless node instrument in the primary wireless seismic data acquisition network are forwarded to the control terminal in real time, and the control terminal displays the data in real time.
Preferably, the secondary network wireless control host comprises a secondary network GPS positioning and timing module, a secondary network control and storage module and a secondary network trigger control module, the secondary network wireless control host also provides a network interface to be connected with the control terminal, the secondary network wireless control host collects data collected by the plurality of primary network wireless control hosts and forwards the data to the control terminal in real time through the high-speed network interface of the secondary network wireless control host, and the control terminal displays and stores the seismic data in real time.
Preferably, the seismic sensors are single/three axis seismic sensors.
Preferably, the secondary network wireless control host is designed with a 2.4GHz wireless high-speed network, and the secondary network wireless control host is communicated with the plurality of primary wireless network wireless control hosts through the 2.4GHz wireless network and transmits data.
Preferably, the primary network wireless control host is designed with two sets of wireless networks which are 900MHz wireless networks and 2.4GHz wireless networks, wherein the 900MHz wireless network is mainly used for communication and data transmission with the wireless node instruments, and the 2.4GHz wireless network is mainly used for interconnection among a plurality of primary wireless networks.
The invention also provides a method for carrying out synchronous calibration by adopting the wireless real-time transmission node type seismograph system, which comprises the following steps:
(1) after the wireless node device is started, a GPS positioning and time service module arranged in each wireless node device automatically searches for a GPS satellite;
(2) after the wireless node instrument is started, 10917 data are collected, GPS time is added to the tail of each group of data, the data and the GPS time are sent to a primary network wireless control host in real time, the data and the GPS time are continuously collected for 10 times, PPS time is recorded, and a time pulse signal acquired by a GPS satellite is used as standard time of a system crystal oscillator by a system;
(3) after GPS time is acquired, a GPS positioning and time service module of each wireless node instrument is closed, and a crystal oscillator in the wireless node instrument is started at the same time;
(4) the internal clock circuit of the wireless node instrument adopts a 16384MHz high-precision voltage-controlled quartz crystal oscillator, the crystal continuously generates clock pulses with certain frequency, a counter accumulates the pulses to obtain a time value, and the acquisition circuit of the wireless node instrument continuously acquires data for 20 times after the crystal oscillator is started each time;
(5) therefore, after 20 times of acquisition, starting the GPS clock and acquiring for 10 times, comparing the clock errors of the GPS clock and the crystal oscillator, and adjusting the frequency of the crystal oscillator to be completely consistent with the GPS clock by finely adjusting the voltage at two ends of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator;
(6) repeating the steps (3), (4) and (5) to correct the clock error so as to keep the system synchronization precision error within 1 ns.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a wireless node instrument for realizing high speed and real time, which overcomes the problem that the traditional wireless seismograph system cannot display in real time due to insufficient transmission rate, simultaneously, an ad hoc network does not need any additional network equipment, does not need to use the existing 3G/4G/5G base station, and can still work in the areas shielded by urban buildings and covered by field no signals, thereby greatly improving the application range and the construction efficiency of a wireless earthquake acquisition system and realizing the wireless real-time acquisition and transmission of earthquake data;
2. the wireless node instrument for high-speed real-time data acquisition has real-time performance, can acquire acquired data on site in real time, timely checks the quality of the acquired data, and saves the time for data collection and arrangement.
3. Because the plurality of wireless node instruments are designed by adopting the ad hoc network, even if a connection signal of one node in the plurality of wireless nodes is interrupted, other nodes can still independently continue to record data, and when the data stored in the local by the interrupted wireless node instrument is recovered to the line communication, the control terminal can automatically collect the data, thereby greatly improving the stability of the system;
4. the wireless node instrument adopts a full-cableless design, and can be flexibly arranged on complex terrains such as two sides of a road, two sides of a river, mountainous regions, farmlands and the like because no large line or any control connecting line exists. The device is particularly suitable for mountainous areas, water areas, swamps and environment protection areas where transport vehicles are difficult to enter and areas where wiring is not allowed to enter, and leaves few traces after work;
5. because the number of the seismic acquisition detectors in the prior art is less than 24 and 48, and the number of the seismic acquisition detectors is more than 96, 120, 240 or even thousands of detectors, a large number of heavy and troublesome cables need to be processed, and a large amount of manpower is required to be invested for wiring. The labor cost is greatly reduced, and the exploration efficiency is improved;
6. in the traditional seismic data acquisition, a large number of cables are used, the introduced line noise influences the quality of seismic data, and the quality and the precision of the seismic data acquisition can be greatly improved by the wireless node instrument;
7. the wireless node instrument adopts a low-power-consumption design, a large-capacity lithium battery is arranged in the wireless node instrument, the wireless node instrument can continuously work for at least 20 days, the trouble of the quantity of storage batteries matched with a conventional seismic instrument and daily charging is eliminated, and the wireless node instrument is convenient to transport.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a wireless node apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a primary network wireless control host according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a secondary network wireless control host according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a primary acquisition network;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 5, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
The control terminal in the invention generally adopts a general notebook computer or a tablet computer, and when the number of acquisition channels is large (thousands of channels), the control terminal generally adopts a server with stronger throughput and performance due to large data volume.
A wireless real-time transmission node type seismograph system and a synchronous calibration method comprise at least one primary acquisition network, a secondary network wireless control host and a control terminal which are connected in series, wherein each primary acquisition network comprises a primary network wireless control host and a plurality of wireless node instruments connected with the primary network wireless control host, the secondary network wireless control host collects data acquired by the plurality of primary network wireless control hosts and forwards the data to the control terminal in real time through a high-speed network interface of the secondary network wireless control host, and the control terminal displays and stores seismic data in real time.
The wireless node instrument is internally provided with a lithium battery and a DC/DC voltage stabilizing module and comprises a seismic sensor, a signal amplification/filtering conditioning circuit, an A/D conversion circuit, a GPS positioning and time service module, a wireless transmission module and a control and storage module, wherein the seismic sensor converts vibration signals into electric signals after receiving seismic signals, then the electric signals are processed by the signal amplification/filtering conditioning circuit, then the electric signals are converted into digital signals by the A/D conversion circuit, and the digital signals are sent to a wireless control host by the wireless transmission module.
The primary network wireless control host comprises a lithium battery, a DC/DC voltage stabilizing module, a primary network triggering control module, a primary network GPS positioning and time service module and a primary network control and storage module, the primary network wireless control host also provides a network interface for connecting with a control terminal (a notebook computer), data collected by each wireless node instrument in the primary wireless seismic data collection network are forwarded to the control terminal (the notebook computer) in real time, and the control terminal (the notebook computer) displays the data in real time. The control terminal and the wireless control host can also be connected by a network cable 17. The control terminal comprises a server 15/notebook 18.
The secondary network wireless control host comprises a secondary network GPS positioning and time service module, a secondary network control and storage module and a secondary network trigger control module, the secondary network wireless control host also provides a network interface to be connected with a control terminal (large in data volume, generally adopting a server), the secondary network wireless control host collects data collected by a plurality of primary network wireless control hosts and forwards the data to the control terminal in real time through a high-speed network interface of the secondary network wireless control host, and the control terminal displays and stores seismic data in real time.
The seismic sensor is a single axis/three axis seismic sensor.
The secondary network wireless control host is designed with a 2.4GHz wireless high-speed network, and communicates and transmits data with the primary wireless network wireless control hosts through the 2.4GHz wireless network.
The primary network wireless control host is designed with two sets of wireless networks which are 900MHz wireless networks and 2.4GHz wireless networks, wherein the 900MHz wireless networks are mainly used for communication and data transmission with the wireless node instruments, and the 2.4GHz wireless networks are mainly used for interconnection among a plurality of primary wireless networks.
The seismic data acquisition scheme within 64 channels generally adopts a primary acquisition network, and the network consists of a plurality of wireless node instruments (no more than 64), primary network wireless control hosts (1) and control terminals (generally adopting notebooks).
A method for carrying out synchronous calibration by adopting the wireless real-time transmission node type seismograph system comprises the following steps:
(1) after the wireless node device is started, a GPS positioning and time service module arranged in each wireless node device automatically searches for a GPS satellite;
(2) after the wireless node instrument is started, 10917 data are collected, GPS time is added to the tail of each group of data, the data and the GPS time are sent to a primary network wireless control host in real time, the data and the GPS time are continuously collected for 10 times, PPS time is recorded, and a time pulse signal acquired by a GPS satellite is used as standard time of a system crystal oscillator by a system;
(3) after GPS time is acquired, a GPS positioning and time service module of each wireless node instrument is closed, and a crystal oscillator in the wireless node instrument is started at the same time;
(4) the internal clock circuit of the wireless node instrument adopts a 16384MHz high-precision voltage-controlled quartz crystal oscillator, the crystal continuously generates clock pulses with certain frequency, a counter accumulates the pulses to obtain a time value, and the acquisition circuit of the wireless node instrument continuously acquires data for 20 times after the crystal oscillator is started each time;
(5) because the pulse of the crystal clock oscillator is influenced by various instability factors such as environment temperature, uniform load capacitance, excitation level, crystal aging and the like, the clock inevitably has errors, and therefore, after 20 times of acquisition, the GPS clock is started to acquire for 10 times, the clock errors of the GPS clock and the crystal oscillator are compared, and the crystal oscillator frequency is adjusted to be completely consistent with the GPS clock by finely adjusting the voltages at the two ends of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator;
(6) repeating the steps (3), (4) and (5) to correct the clock error so as to keep the system synchronization precision error within 1 ns.
In engineering exploration, the most common seismic refraction exploration mode generally adopts twenty-four channels/forty-eight channels of engineering seismographs for data acquisition. And twenty-four detectors are adopted in the project and are arranged in a straight line, and each detector is spaced by ten meters. The on-site operation time arranges twenty-four wireless node instruments on the line that awaits measuring, and ten meters of interval open the switch button on the wireless node instrument, and whether the inspection electric quantity pilot lamp is totally green, if the electric quantity is not enough, the pilot lamp is red and needs in time to charge, and the three foot of wireless node instrument must all insert ground, and the coupling is good.
Arranging a primary network wireless control host 13, starting a primary network wireless control host power supply, checking whether the electric quantity is sufficient or not, and the primary network wireless control host is connected to a control terminal/notebook computer through WIFI or a wired network. The method comprises the steps that relevant seismic data acquisition software is installed on a notebook computer, information such as working states, electric quantity and GPS coordinates of twenty-four wireless node instruments is checked in real time through a primary network wireless control host, relevant engineering parameters are set after the wireless node instruments work normally, background noise of the twenty-four wireless node instruments is monitored in real time through the notebook computer at a control terminal, the twenty-four wireless node instruments are started to acquire synchronously according to a seismic source or an external trigger signal, after acquisition is completed, data of each wireless node instrument are transmitted to the notebook computer in real time through the primary network wireless control host to be displayed and stored, and relevant seismic data processing and analysis are carried out subsequently.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, and the principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein by using specific examples, and the descriptions of the embodiments are only used to help understanding the principles of the embodiments of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the embodiments of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific implementation manners and application ranges, and in summary, the content of the present description should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A wireless real-time transmission node formula seismograph system which characterized in that: including at least one-level collection network (16), second grade net wireless control host computer (14) and the control terminal (18) of establishing ties each other, each one-level collection network (16) include one-level net wireless control host computer (13) and with several wireless node appearance (12) that one-level net wireless control host computer (13) link to each other, after the data that a plurality of one-level net wireless control host computers were gathered were collected to second grade net wireless control host computer, the high-speed network interface through second grade net wireless control host computer forwarded data to control terminal in real time, control terminal shows, stores seismic data in real time.
2. The wireless real-time transmission node seismograph system of claim 1, wherein: the wireless node instrument comprises a seismic sensor, a signal amplification/filtering conditioning circuit, an A/D conversion circuit, a GPS positioning and time service module, a wireless transmission module and a control and storage module, wherein the seismic sensor converts a vibration signal into an electric signal after receiving a seismic signal, then the electric signal is processed by the signal amplification/filtering conditioning circuit, and the electric signal is converted into a digital signal by the A/D conversion circuit and then is sent to a wireless control host by the wireless transmission module.
3. The wireless real-time transmission node seismograph system of claim 1, wherein: the primary network wireless control host comprises a lithium battery, a DC/DC voltage stabilizing module, a primary network triggering control module, a primary network GPS positioning and time service module and a primary network control and storage module, the primary network wireless control host also provides a network interface for connecting with a control terminal, data acquired by each wireless node instrument in the primary wireless seismic data acquisition network are forwarded to the control terminal in real time, and the control terminal displays the data in real time.
4. The wireless real-time transmission node seismograph system of claim 1, wherein: the secondary network wireless control host comprises a secondary network GPS positioning and time service module, a secondary network control and storage module and a secondary network trigger control module, the secondary network wireless control host also provides a network interface to be connected with the control terminal, the secondary network wireless control host collects data collected by the plurality of primary network wireless control hosts and forwards the data to the control terminal in real time through the high-speed network interface of the secondary network wireless control host, and the control terminal displays and stores the seismic data in real time.
5. The wireless real-time transmission node seismograph system of claim 1, wherein: the seismic sensor is a single axis/three axis seismic sensor.
6. The wireless real-time transmission node seismograph system of claim 4, wherein: the secondary network wireless control host is designed with a 2.4GHz wireless high-speed network, and communicates and transmits data with the primary wireless network wireless control hosts through the 2.4GHz wireless network.
7. The wireless real-time transmission node seismograph system of claim 3, wherein: the primary network wireless control host is designed with two sets of wireless networks which are 900MHz wireless networks and 2.4GHz wireless networks, wherein the 900MHz wireless networks are mainly used for communication and data transmission with the wireless node instruments, and the 2.4GHz wireless networks are mainly used for interconnection among a plurality of primary wireless networks.
8. A method of synchronous calibration using the wireless real-time transmission node seismograph system of claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) after the wireless node device is started, a GPS positioning and time service module arranged in each wireless node device automatically searches for a GPS satellite;
(2) after the wireless node instrument is started, 10917 data are collected, GPS time is added to the tail of each group of data, the data and the GPS time are sent to a primary network wireless control host in real time, the data and the GPS time are continuously collected for 10 times, PPS time is recorded, and a time pulse signal acquired by a GPS satellite is used as standard time of a system crystal oscillator by a system;
(3) after GPS time is acquired, a GPS positioning and time service module of each wireless node instrument is closed, and a crystal oscillator in the wireless node instrument is started at the same time;
(4) the internal clock circuit of the wireless node instrument adopts a 16384MHz high-precision voltage-controlled quartz crystal oscillator, the crystal continuously generates clock pulses with certain frequency, a counter accumulates the pulses to obtain a time value, and the acquisition circuit of the wireless node instrument continuously acquires data for 20 times after the crystal oscillator is started each time;
(5) therefore, after 20 times of acquisition, starting the GPS clock and acquiring for 10 times, comparing the clock errors of the GPS clock and the crystal oscillator, and adjusting the frequency of the crystal oscillator to be completely consistent with the GPS clock by finely adjusting the voltage at two ends of the voltage-controlled crystal oscillator;
(6) repeating the steps (3), (4) and (5) to correct the clock error so as to keep the system synchronization precision error within 1 ns.
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Application publication date: 20210824 |