CN113295405A - Double-speed gearbox transmission error measurement test device and test method - Google Patents
Double-speed gearbox transmission error measurement test device and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113295405A CN113295405A CN202110513570.0A CN202110513570A CN113295405A CN 113295405 A CN113295405 A CN 113295405A CN 202110513570 A CN202110513570 A CN 202110513570A CN 113295405 A CN113295405 A CN 113295405A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/021—Gearings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/028—Acoustic or vibration analysis
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide a test device and a test method for measuring transmission errors of a double-speed gear box, and the test device and the test method comprise a driving motor, a load generator, a test gear box and an accompanying test box, wherein the driving motor is connected with the input end of the test box through a first diaphragm coupler and a first torsion meter, the output end of the test box is connected with the accompanying test box through a second diaphragm coupler and a second torsion meter, the accompanying test box is connected with the load generator through a third diaphragm coupler, encoders are respectively arranged on the input end and the output end of the test box, a high-speed-ratio gear pair and a low-speed-ratio gear pair are arranged in the test box, the low-speed-ratio gear pair is the input end of the gear box, and the high-speed-ratio gear pair is the output end of the gear box. The invention can realize the switching of two speed ratios of the gear box and the measurement of transmission errors under rated power, can avoid bearing damage caused by the operation of the gear box at low speed through the encoder, and accurately obtain data such as corner errors, gear transmission errors and the like caused by torque fluctuation during double-speed switching.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a test device and a test method, in particular to a gear box test device and a test method.
Background
In order to meet the requirement of the maximum navigational speed of the ship and take the economy into consideration, a transmission mode that an accelerating unit and a cruising unit run in a combined mode is adopted. The cruise unit usually adopts a diesel engine, the acceleration unit generally adopts a gas turbine, the difference of the rotating speeds of the two units is large (the rotating speed of the diesel engine is low and the rotating speed of the gas turbine is high), and the diesel engine meets the requirements of acceleration and cruise by realizing the parallel operation of the two units through a double-speed gear box.
The double-speed gearbox for ship is a special gearbox capable of realizing two speed ratio transmission, and has the characteristics of large bearing support span, large gear shaft deflection deformation, easy dislocation of gear engagement and the like, so that the gear transmission error is large, and the gear transmission error is a main excitation source of vibration and noise of a gear system. Therefore, the precision degree of measurement of the transmission error directly influences the research and analysis results of the dynamic performance of the transmission, and the vibration reduction and noise reduction effects of the double-speed gearbox are directly related. The existing transmission error measurement test device mainly aims at a single pair of gears, cannot measure a rotation angle error caused by torque fluctuation during double-speed switching, has large difference between a test working condition and an actual working condition, and usually measures the transmission error under a quasi-static condition, namely the rotation speed of two gear shafts in a double-speed box is required to be very low, but a sliding bearing oil film is difficult to form when the gear box operates at a low speed, so that bearing abrasion is easily caused, and the test box is damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a test device and a test method for measuring transmission errors of a two-speed gearbox, which can realize switching of two speed ratios of the gearbox and measurement of the transmission errors under rated power.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the invention relates to a test device for measuring transmission errors of a double-speed gear box, which is characterized in that: including driving motor, load generator, experimental gear box, accompany the examination case, driving motor passes through first diaphragm shaft coupling, the input of proof case is connected to first examination torsion appearance, the output of proof case passes through second diaphragm shaft coupling, the second examination case of accompanying is connected to second examination torsion appearance, accompany the examination case and pass through third diaphragm coupling joint load generator, all install the encoder on the input of proof case and the output, set up high-speed ratio gear pair and low-speed ratio gear pair in the proof case, low-speed ratio gear pair is the input of gear box, high-speed ratio gear pair is the output of gear box.
The test device for measuring the transmission error of the double-speed gearbox can also comprise: the inner ring is connected with the input end of the test box through the adapter flange and the fourth diaphragm coupling, the outer ring of the first encoder is fixed with the test bed through the bracket, the inner ring of the first encoder is in clearance fit with the adapter flange, the adapter flange is connected with the connecting pin, and the connecting pin is in transition fit with the fourth diaphragm coupling; the connection mode of the second encoder and the output end of the test box is the same as the connection mode of the first encoder and the input end of the test box.
A test method for measuring transmission errors of a double-speed gearbox is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) installing a double-speed gearbox transmission error measurement test device and debugging an encoder;
(2) starting a driving motor, adjusting a clutch control valve, keeping a high-speed ratio gear pair in a test gear box to operate, wherein the rotating speeds are respectively 400r/min, 700r/min and 1000r/min, and applying the same load according to test torque at the three rotating speeds;
(3) testing the relative vibration curves of the gear pair at the rotating speeds of 400r/min, 700r/min and 1000r/min respectively, and measuring at least 3 groups of signals at each rotating speed;
(4) processing each group of signals to obtain corresponding frequency spectrums;
(5) averaging the first 6 th order peak values of 3 groups of frequency spectrums at the same rotating speed to serve as the frequency spectrums at the rotating speed;
(6) extrapolating the first 6-order peak values of the relative vibration frequency spectrum of the transmission gear under the speed ratio at 3 rotating speeds, and calculating the first 6-order frequency spectrum peak values of the relative vibration of the pair of gears at an extremely low rotating speed;
(7) respectively carrying out inverse Fourier transform on the frequency spectrums of the relative vibration of the pair of gears at extremely low rotating speed to obtain bearing transmission error curves of the pair of gears;
(8) and (4) switching a clutch control valve, switching to a low-speed-ratio gear pair running mode in the test gearbox, loading, and repeating the steps (3) to (7).
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the free switching between two speed ratios can be realized, the transmission error under each operation mode is measured, and a protection device is arranged at the joint of the encoder to avoid the damage of the encoder caused by overtorque during the test;
(2) during the test, the transmission error can be measured under the condition of avoiding the low-speed running of the gear box, so that the bearing abrasion and the test box damage risk caused by the over-low rotating speed are reduced;
(3) the change rule of key characteristics such as torque, rotating speed, vibration and the like of the whole test gearbox can be measured in various operation modes, and the research and analysis of the transmission dynamic performance are facilitated;
(4) the electric power is adopted for sealing, so that the purposes of loading and energy saving are realized, and the measurement cost is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a layout of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an encoder and its linkage;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
with reference to fig. 1-4, the invention relates to a test device for measuring transmission errors of a double-speed gear box, which comprises a driving motor 1, a torque meter 2 and a diaphragm coupling 3; the device comprises an encoder and a connecting device 4 thereof, a test gear box 5 and a diaphragm coupling 6; the device comprises a torque meter 7, an accompanying test box 8, a diaphragm coupling 9, a load generator 10 and a clutch control valve 11. During testing, the clutch control valve 11 is controlled to be combined with the high-speed ratio gear auxiliary clutch, the driving motor 1 is started, the driving motor transmits power to the test box 5 through the diaphragm coupling 3 and the torque meter 2, the output end of the test box 5 is connected with the diaphragm coupling 6, the torque meter 7 and the accompanying test box 8 and transmits the power to the load generator 10, and electric power generated by the load generator 10 reacts on the driving motor to form a closed power loop. The input shaft and the output shaft of the test box 5 are connected with an encoder and a connecting device 4 thereof far away from the flange. After the measurement of the high-speed ratio transmission error is completed, the clutch control valve 11 is controlled to be combined with the low-speed ratio gear pair clutch to measure the transmission error at the low speed ratio.
In the embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, an inner ring of an encoder 4-1 is connected with an input shaft and an output shaft of a test box through an adapter flange 4-3, a connecting pin 4-6 and a diaphragm coupling 4-4, the inner ring of the encoder is fixed with a test bench through a support 4-5, the inner ring of the encoder is in clearance fit with the adapter flange 4-3 and is connected with the connecting screw 4-2 through glue to position the inner ring of the encoder, the adapter flange 4-3 is also connected with the connecting pin 4-6 through gluing to play a role in overtorque protection, the connecting pin 4-6 is in transition fit with the diaphragm coupling 4-4, and the diaphragm coupling 4-4 is connected with the head of the test box.
In the embodiment, a vibration acceleration sensor is arranged at the foot margin of the speed increasing box, a torsion tester is arranged at the input end and the output end of the test box 2, and temperature sensors are arranged at all sliding bearings.
The test box controls oil pressure through a clutch control valve to realize double-speed-ratio switching, and high-pressure oil and lubricating oil adopt thick oil and are provided by a hydraulic oil station; the monitoring system is respectively connected with the torque meter, the vibration sensor, the hydraulic oil station, the clutch control valve, the encoder and the frequency converter of the driving and loading motor.
The method for measuring the transmission error in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, mainly includes the following steps: (1) and installing a double-speed gearbox testing device and debugging an encoder. (2) And starting a driving motor, adjusting a clutch control valve, keeping the high-speed ratio gear pair to operate, and applying the same load according to test torque at the rotating speeds of 400r/min, 700r/min and 1000 r/min. (3) The relative vibration curves of the gear pair are tested at the rotating speeds of 400r/min, 700r/min and 1000r/min respectively, and at least 3 groups of signals are measured at each rotating speed. (4) And processing each group of signals to obtain a corresponding frequency spectrum. (5) The first 6 th order peaks of the 3 sets of spectra at the same speed were averaged as the spectrum at that speed. (6) Extrapolating the first 6-order peak values of the relative vibration frequency spectrum of the transmission gear under the speed ratio at 3 rotating speeds, and calculating the first 6-order frequency spectrum peak values of the relative vibration of the pair of gears under the extremely low rotating speed. (7) Due to the definition consistency of the transmission error and the relative displacement vibration, the frequency spectrum of the relative vibration of the pair of gears at the extremely low rotating speed is subjected to inverse Fourier transform respectively, and then the bearing transmission error curve of the pair of gears can be obtained. (8) And (4) switching the clutch control valve, switching to a low-speed-ratio gear pair running mode, loading, and repeating the steps (3) to (7).
In order to save energy and reduce test cost, the test device adopts an electric power closed type, and during test, the power transmitted by the test box and the accompanying test box is converted into direct current power by the load generator and then transmitted to the driving motor to form a closed loop, thereby achieving the purposes of loading and energy saving.
In order to ensure that the encoder is not damaged when the system is over-twisted, the adapter flange and the connecting pin are connected in a gluing mode, the connecting screw is additionally arranged, one end of the connecting screw is connected with the inner ring of the encoder, and the other end of the connecting screw is glued with the adapter flange, so that the positioning function and the inner ring protection function are achieved.
In order to meet the key characteristics of torque, rotating speed, vibration and the like of the whole test gearbox measured in each operation mode, a torsion measuring instrument is additionally arranged at the input end and the output end of the accompanying test box at the input end and the output end of the double-speed gearbox, vibration acceleration sensors are additionally arranged at the middle facet, the upper part of a bearing seat and the lower margin of the double-speed gearbox, temperature sensors are additionally arranged at all bearings, and all the sensors are connected to a monitoring system.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a double speed gear box transmission error measurement test device which characterized by: including driving motor, load generator, experimental gear box, accompany the examination case, driving motor passes through first diaphragm shaft coupling, the input of first test case is connected to the first examination of turning round appearance, the output of test case passes through the second diaphragm shaft coupling, the second examination case is accompanied to the connection of second examination appearance, accompany the examination case and pass through third diaphragm coupling joint load generator, install first encoder and second encoder on the input of test case and the output respectively, set up high velocity ratio gear pair and low velocity ratio gear pair in the test case, low velocity ratio gear pair is the input of gear box, high velocity ratio gear pair is the output of gear box.
2. The two-speed gearbox transmission error measurement test device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the inner ring of the first encoder is connected with the input end of the test box through the adapter flange and the fourth diaphragm coupling, the outer ring of the first encoder is fixed with the test bed through the bracket, the inner ring of the first encoder is in clearance fit with the adapter flange, the adapter flange is connected with the connecting pin, and the connecting pin is in transition fit with the fourth diaphragm coupling; the connection mode of the second encoder and the output end of the test box is the same as the connection mode of the first encoder and the input end of the test box.
3. A test method for measuring transmission errors of a double-speed gearbox is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) installing a double-speed gearbox transmission error measurement test device and debugging an encoder;
(2) starting a driving motor, adjusting a clutch control valve, keeping a high-speed ratio gear pair in a test gear box to operate, wherein the rotating speeds are respectively 400r/min, 700r/min and 1000r/min, and applying the same load according to test torque at the three rotating speeds;
(3) testing the relative vibration curves of the gear pair at the rotating speeds of 400r/min, 700r/min and 1000r/min respectively, and measuring at least 3 groups of signals at each rotating speed;
(4) processing each group of signals to obtain corresponding frequency spectrums;
(5) averaging the first 6 th order peak values of 3 groups of frequency spectrums at the same rotating speed to serve as the frequency spectrums at the rotating speed;
(6) extrapolating the first 6-order peak values of the relative vibration frequency spectrum of the transmission gear under the speed ratio at 3 rotating speeds, and calculating the first 6-order frequency spectrum peak values of the relative vibration of the pair of gears at an extremely low rotating speed;
(7) respectively carrying out inverse Fourier transform on the frequency spectrums of the relative vibration of the pair of gears at extremely low rotating speed to obtain bearing transmission error curves of the pair of gears;
(8) and (4) switching a clutch control valve, switching to a low-speed-ratio gear pair running mode in the test gearbox, loading, and repeating the steps (3) to (7).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110513570.0A CN113295405A (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Double-speed gearbox transmission error measurement test device and test method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110513570.0A CN113295405A (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Double-speed gearbox transmission error measurement test device and test method |
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| CN113295405A true CN113295405A (en) | 2021-08-24 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110513570.0A Withdrawn CN113295405A (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Double-speed gearbox transmission error measurement test device and test method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115855485A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-28 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七0三研究所 | Double-machine driving gear transmission device tooth beating vibration simulation test system |
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2021
- 2021-05-11 CN CN202110513570.0A patent/CN113295405A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115855485A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-28 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七0三研究所 | Double-machine driving gear transmission device tooth beating vibration simulation test system |
| CN115855485B (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-09-08 | 中国船舶集团有限公司第七0三研究所 | Double-machine driving gear transmission device clapping tooth vibration simulation test system |
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Application publication date: 20210824 |