CN113295356B - Test model and method for suspended tunnel under combined action of earthquake and wave current - Google Patents
Test model and method for suspended tunnel under combined action of earthquake and wave current Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A test model and method of a suspended tunnel under the combined action of earthquake and wave current, the test model comprises a test water tank, a test model pipe body, an anchoring system, a vibration generating and driving system and a sensing measuring instrument, the vibration generating and driving system comprises a small-sized vibrating table, a mechanical transmission device and a sliding type false bottom, the small-sized vibrating table is installed right above the test water tank through a bearing support, and the table surface of the small-sized vibrating table is connected with the sliding type false bottom through the mechanical transmission device; the sliding type false bottom is arranged in the test water tank; the test model pipe body is arranged on the sliding false bottom through the anchoring system; one end of the test model pipe body is stuck with a piece of white background paper; the sensing and measuring instrument comprises a gyroscope, an acceleration sensor and a non-contact strain displacement measuring instrument. The dynamic response test method for the suspended tunnel under the combined action of various seismic loads and wave current loads realizes the dynamic response test of the suspended tunnel under the combined action of various seismic loads and wave current loads, greatly reduces the test cost, and provides reliable basis for the design and construction of the suspended tunnel in the future.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ocean engineering and bridge and tunnel engineering, in particular to a dynamic response test model and method of a suspended tunnel under the combined action of earthquake and wave current.
Background
The floating tunnel is a traffic structure passing through straits, lakes and long and deep water areas, and generally comprises a tubular structure floating in water to a certain depth, an anchor cable rod (or a floating box on water) device anchored on an underwater foundation, an underwater uplift foundation anchored with anchor rods or anchoring devices, and structures connected with both banks. The potential construction area of the suspended tunnel is mainly concentrated in the Pacific earthquake zone. The pipe body and the anchor cable have larger dynamic response under complex factors such as wave current load, earthquake and the like, the normal operation of traffic is influenced, and the research on the dynamic response of the suspended tunnel under the combined action of the earthquake and the wave current is necessary in order to ensure the economy, the safety and the stability of the structure.
At present, most of dynamic response analysis of a suspended tunnel under the combined action of earthquake and wave current is carried out by adopting a theoretical method and finite element software, but the theoretical method and the finite element software analysis can simplify a model too much, so that the error between an analysis result and an actual situation is larger.
The existing experimental research mainly focuses on the traditional wave current water tank, but most of the traditional wave current water tanks cannot realize the simulation of underwater earthquake and cannot realize the excitation of the earthquake and wave current on the pipeline; although large underwater vibration tables capable of realizing underwater earthquake simulation exist at home and abroad, the large underwater vibration tables are long in construction period, extremely high in manufacturing cost, complex in waterproof measure, limited by test sites, long in test preparation period, high in test cost and not beneficial to popularization. The traditional vibration table cannot simulate wave current load, the traditional wave current water tank cannot simulate earthquake load, and the traditional wave current water tank cannot independently solve the experimental research of the suspension tunnel under the joint action of earthquake and wave current.
The structural model test needs to meet a certain similarity relation, the larger the similarity ratio is, the better the model can accurately reflect all the characteristics of the original structure, and the smaller the size of the small vibrating table is, if the model is limited on the table top of the small vibrating table, the scaling is serious, the size effect is obvious, and the test precision is greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that aiming at the defects of the existing suspension tunnel dynamic response test, the dynamic response test model and the dynamic response test method of the suspension tunnel under the combined action of earthquake and wave current are provided, the model and the method are particularly suitable for a small-sized vibrating table, the dynamic response test of the suspension tunnel under the combined action of various earthquake loads and wave current loads can be realized, the test cost is greatly reduced, and a reliable reference basis is provided for the design and construction of the suspension tunnel in the future.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a dynamic response test model of a suspended tunnel under the combined action of earthquake and wave current comprises a test water tank, a test model pipe body, an anchoring system, a vibration generation and transmission system and a sensing and measuring instrument, wherein the anchoring system comprises an anchor cable and a cable strainer, and the cable strainer is arranged on the anchor cable (used for adjusting the tensile stress of the anchor cable); the vibration generation and transmission system comprises a small vibration table, a mechanical transmission device and a sliding type false bottom, wherein the small vibration table is arranged right above the test water tank through a bearing support and comprises a small vibration table base, a small vibration table top and a small vibration table vibration exciter, and the small vibration table top is connected with the sliding type false bottom through the mechanical transmission device; the sliding type false bottom is arranged in the test water tank and comprises a guide rail, a sliding block and a sliding type false bottom surface, the guide rail is fixed at the bottom of the test water tank, the sliding blocks are symmetrically arranged on the guide rail, and the sliding type false bottom surface is connected with the top surface of the sliding block through a bolt; the test model pipe body is arranged on the sliding false bottom through the anchoring system; one end of the test model tube body is pasted with a piece of white background paper (the background paper is fixedly connected with the test model tube body), and the background paper is provided with four characteristic points of fluorescent color, namely target points; the sensing and measuring instrument comprises a gyroscope, a small vibration table top acceleration sensor, a sliding type false bottom acceleration sensor, an acceleration sensor in a tube body and a non-contact type strain displacement measuring instrument, wherein the gyroscope is arranged at the gravity center of the tube body of the test model and used for measuring the rotation angular velocity around the tube shaft; the small vibration table top acceleration sensor is arranged on the small vibration table top and used for accurately measuring the acceleration of the small vibration table top; selecting four different positions of the sliding type false bottom surface as characteristic points, and arranging a sliding type false bottom acceleration sensor on the characteristic points for accurately measuring the acceleration of the four characteristic points of the sliding type false bottom surface; the acceleration sensor in the pipe body is used for measuring the acceleration of the pipe body and recording the dynamic response of the pipe body; the non-contact strain displacement measuring instrument is arranged on one side of the test model pipe body pasted with the background paper and used for sampling the characteristic points at a high speed, and the horizontal direction translation amount and the vertical direction translation amount of the suspension tunnel are obtained by converting visual signals of forward and backward movement and deformation of the characteristic points into digital signals.
Furthermore, the test water tank mainly comprises a water tank, a wave generating and flow generating device and a wave absorbing device, wherein the length of the water tank is far greater than the width and height of the cross section of the water tank, so that the wave reflection effect is reduced; the wave-making flow-making device is arranged at one end of the water tank and is used for simulating the dynamic response of the physical model of the suspension tunnel under the action of wave flow; the wave absorption device is arranged at the other end of the water tank and mainly formed by piling broken stones and used for reducing the reflection effect of the oncoming waves.
Further, the cross section of the test model pipe body is set to be circular.
Further, the mechanical transmission device comprises three mechanical transmission rods with enough rigidity, a mechanical transmission rod vibration table top anchoring point, a mechanical transmission rod false bottom anchoring point and a connecting rod piece, the mechanical transmission rod vibration table top anchoring point, the mechanical transmission rod false bottom anchoring point and the connecting rod piece are symmetrically arranged and installed along the central axis of the table top of the small-sized vibration table and the central axis of the sliding type false bottom, the mechanical transmission device mainly drives the sliding type false bottom through the three mechanical transmission rods with enough rigidity, the starting point is the mechanical transmission rod vibration table top anchoring point, the terminal point is the mechanical transmission rod false bottom anchoring point, the mechanical transmission rods form a whole body through the connecting rod piece (the structure flutter is reduced, the transmission effectiveness is ensured), and the earthquake acceleration signals of the sliding type false bottom are used as earthquake acceleration signals input by the test model pipe body.
Furthermore, the sensing and measuring instrument further comprises an underwater tension sensor, a wave height instrument and a flow rate meter, wherein the underwater tension sensor, the wave height instrument and the flow rate meter are respectively used for acquiring the tension, the wave height and the flow rate parameters of the tested anchor cable.
The invention also provides an analysis method for performing a dynamic response test by adopting the dynamic response test model of the suspended tunnel under the joint action of earthquake and wave current, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: manufacturing a test model pipe body, installing a gyroscope and an acceleration sensor in the pipe body to the gravity center position of the test model pipe body, and arranging four target points on the cross section of one end part of the test model pipe body;
step two: installing a bearing support above a test water tank, installing a small-sized vibrating table at the middle position of the bearing support above the test water tank, installing a sliding type false bottom in the test water tank, enabling the central axis of the sliding type false bottom and the central axis of the table top of the small-sized vibrating table to be on the same straight line, and respectively installing a sliding type false bottom acceleration sensor and a small-sized vibrating table top acceleration sensor on the sliding type false bottom and the table top of the small-sized vibrating table;
step three: connecting the table top of the small-sized vibrating table with the sliding false bottom surface through a mechanical transmission device;
step four: placing a test model pipe body into a test water tank, installing the test model pipe body on a sliding false bottom through an anchoring system, installing the anchoring system, adjusting initial tension through a cable tensioner, and installing other sensing and measuring instruments;
step five: starting the small-sized vibrating table, simulating horizontal seismic signal input, recording data of an acceleration sensor on the table surface of the small-sized vibrating table and a sliding type false bottom acceleration sensor, and verifying the validity of seismic input signals and the reliability of underwater seismic simulation;
step six: and opening the wave-making flow-making device to make waves and flow, simultaneously opening the wave-eliminating device, collecting and sorting dynamic time domain response data obtained by the sensing and measuring instrument, and analyzing the dynamic response of the test model pipe body under the joint action of the earthquake and the wave flow.
Compared with the prior device and method, the invention has the following obvious advantages:
1. the small-sized vibration table and the wave current water tank are universally existed in all colleges and universities, the small-sized vibration table and the wave current water tank are combined by a test model, the small-sized vibration table and the wave current water tank are combined by a mechanical transmission device, acceleration signals of a table top of the small-sized vibration table and a sliding type false bottom surface are monitored by an acceleration sensor in real time, the reliability of underwater seismic signals can be verified, the small-sized seismic vibration table is transmitted to the water bottom in a vibration mode by the aid of the traditional wave current water tank and a specially designed load transmission device (mechanical transmission device), accordingly, underwater seismic and wave current effects are simulated, and the test simulation of coupling dynamics analysis of a suspended tunnel and an anchor cable thereof under the excitation of earthquakes and random wave currents is realized; the device has the advantages of simple structure, clear mechanism, high reliability, convenience in installation and operation and greatly reduced test cost, and can realize dynamic response test of the suspended tunnel under the combined action of various seismic loads and wave current loads;
2. the sliding type false bottom surface can only generate horizontal displacement by arranging the smooth horizontal guide rail, and the displacement in other freedom degree directions is strictly limited, so that the multi-directional movement coupling is prevented, the flutter of the structure caused by manufacturing errors, mounting errors and the like is reduced, and the consistent coordination of the movement of the table top of the small-sized vibrating table and the sliding type false bottom surface is ensured; the sliding type false bottom surface is connected with the top surface of the square sliding block through the bolts by arranging a plurality of groups of square sliding blocks, so that the sliding type false bottom surface can be ensured to be horizontally installed, and enough supporting points are provided through the square sliding blocks, so that the uneven deformation of the sliding type false bottom surface caused by self gravity and the like can be reduced, the friction can be effectively reduced, and the accuracy and effectiveness of the horizontal earthquake simulated by the test can be ensured;
3. according to the invention, the small-sized vibrating table is used for simulating seismic signals, and is installed independently of the wave-making and current-making device, so that the waterproof problem is avoided, and the test safety is improved. Compared with the traditional large underwater vibration table, the test period is shortened, the difficulty of the operation technology is reduced, and the test cost is greatly reduced; the mechanical transmission rod and the sliding type false bottom are used for transmitting seismic signals, so that a test model is not limited to the size limitation of the table top of the vibration table, the size effect caused by severe scale reduction is reduced, and model tests under various scale ratios can be carried out by arranging the mechanical transmission rod and the sliding type false bottom with different sizes; the mechanical transmission device is made of a light hollow steel pipe with enough rigidity, adopts a triangular structure to provide enough stability, is symmetrically arranged along the central axis of the table top of the small-sized vibrating table, avoids the structure from generating vibration and reduces the loss in the process of transmitting seismic signals;
4. the invention adopts the gyroscope and the non-contact strain displacement measuring device, and can accurately measure the motion attitude of the underwater suspension tunnel model. The gyroscope can accurately obtain three rotation time domain responses of the test model tube body, namely pitching, rolling and yawing, by measuring the angular velocity of the model tube body; the non-contact strain displacement measuring device can obtain the translation time domain response of the test model tube body, namely the translation time domain response in the horizontal direction and the translation time domain response in the vertical direction;
5. according to the invention, the initial tensile stress of the anchor cable can be changed by adjusting the tension regulator, so that different initial tensile stresses required by a test can be met; by arranging a plurality of groups of tension sensors, the tension of the anchor cable is monitored in real time, the dynamic response of the anchor cable under the joint action of earthquake and wave current is truly simulated and analyzed, the mechanical behaviors of the pipe section structure and the anchor cable are observed by using a sensing and measuring instrument, and the sensitivity analysis of some key parameters is carried out, so that a reliable reference basis is provided for the design and construction of a future suspension tunnel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a layout diagram of a dynamic response test model of a suspended tunnel under the combined action of earthquake and wave current;
FIG. 2 is a layout view of a test model tube according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a layout view of a compact vibration table according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a sliding false bottom of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a detail view of the sliding false bottom of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a layout diagram of the target of the present invention;
in the figure, 1, a test model pipe body, 2, an anchor rope, 3, a sliding type false bottom surface, 4, a sliding block, 5, a guide rail, 6, a cable tensioner, 7, a mechanical transmission device, 8, a current meter, 9, a wave height instrument, 10, a small vibration table exciter, 11, a small vibration table base, 12, a small vibration table top, 13, a mechanical transmission rod vibration table top anchoring point, 14, a mechanical transmission rod false bottom surface anchoring point, 15, a gyroscope, 16, a small vibration table top acceleration sensor, 17, a sliding type false bottom acceleration sensor, 18, an in-pipe acceleration sensor, 101, a wave generating and flow generating device, 102 and a wave absorbing device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to the figures and examples.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, a dynamic response test model of a suspended tunnel under the combined action of an earthquake and a wave current provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a test water tank, a test model pipe body 1, an anchoring system, a vibration generating and driving system and a sensing measuring instrument.
The test water tank mainly comprises a water tank, a wave-making flow-making device 101 and a wave-absorbing device 102, wherein the length of the water tank is far greater than the width and height of the cross section of the water tank, so that the wave reflection effect can be reduced; the wave-making flow-making device 101 is arranged at one end of the water tank and is used for simulating the dynamic response of the physical model of the suspension tunnel under the action of wave flow; the wave absorbing device 102 is arranged at the other end of the water tank, and the wave absorbing device 102 is mainly formed by piled rubbles and used for reducing the reflection action of the oncoming waves, so that the authenticity of data acquired by the sensing and measuring instrument is improved;
the cross section of the test model tube body 1 is circular, one end of the test model tube body 1 is pasted with a piece of white background paper, and four characteristic points, namely target points, of fluorescent color are arranged on the background paper; because the background paper is fixedly connected with the test model tube body 1, the background paper can be kept in a fixed state in the measuring process, and does not move at all, so that the motion posture of the characteristic point is kept consistent with that of the test model tube body 1.
The anchoring system comprises an anchor cable 2 and a cable tensioner 6, wherein the cable tensioner 6 is installed on the anchor cable 2 and is used for adjusting the initial tension stress of the anchor cable.
The vibration generating and driving system comprises a small-sized vibrating table, a mechanical driving device 7 and a sliding type false bottom, the small-sized vibrating table is arranged right above the test water tank through a bearing support and comprises a small-sized vibrating table base 11, a small-sized vibrating table top 12 and a small-sized vibrating table vibration exciter 10, the small-sized vibrating table top 12 and the small-sized vibrating table vibration exciter 10 are arranged on the small-sized vibrating table base 11, the sliding type false bottom is arranged in the test water tank, and the small-sized vibrating table top 12 is connected with the sliding type false bottom through the mechanical driving device 7; the sliding type false bottom comprises a guide rail 5, a sliding block 4 and a sliding type false bottom surface 3, wherein the guide rail 5 is fixed at the bottom of the test water tank, the sliding blocks 4 are symmetrically arranged on the guide rail 5, and the sliding type false bottom surface 3 is connected with the top surface of the sliding block 4 through a bolt; the test model pipe body 1 is arranged on the sliding false bottom through an anchoring system;
the sensing and measuring instrument comprises a gyroscope 15, a small vibration table top acceleration sensor 16, a sliding type false bottom acceleration sensor 17, an acceleration sensor 18 in the tube body and a non-contact type strain displacement measuring instrument, wherein the gyroscope 15 is arranged at the gravity center of the test model tube body 1, the gyroscope 15 is used for measuring the rotation angular velocity around the tube shaft, the rotation angle around the tube shaft is obtained through derivation, the space attitude at the gravity center position of the test model tube body 1 is calculated, and therefore the rotation quantity of the suspension tunnel model can be calculated; the small-sized vibration table top acceleration sensor 16 is arranged on the small-sized vibration table top 12, and the small-sized vibration table top acceleration sensor 16 is used for accurately measuring the acceleration of the small-sized vibration table top 12; selecting four different positions of the sliding type false bottom surface 3 as characteristic points, arranging a sliding type false bottom acceleration sensor 17 on the characteristic points, and accurately measuring the acceleration of the four characteristic points of the sliding type false bottom surface 3 by using the sliding type false bottom acceleration sensor 17 to verify the consistency of the acceleration of each point of the sliding type false bottom; recording acceleration data of a plurality of groups of sliding type false bottom surfaces 3 under the same seismic signal, comparing, and verifying the repeatability of seismic output; comparing the recorded acceleration data of the table top 12 of the small vibrating table with the acceleration data of the sliding type false bottom surface 3, and verifying the consistency of the earthquake input and the output signal of the small vibrating table; the acceleration sensor 18 in the tube body is used for measuring the motion acceleration of the tube body and recording the dynamic response of the tube body; the non-contact type strain displacement measuring instrument is placed on one side of a test model tube body 1 pasted with background paper, four feature points with fluorescent colors are arranged on the test model tube body, the feature points are sampled at high speed by the non-contact type strain displacement measuring instrument, visual signals of front-back movement and deformation of the feature points are converted into digital signals, the horizontal direction translation amount and the vertical direction translation amount of a suspension tunnel are obtained, the deformation is a deformation body, and the embodiment focuses more on the movement condition.
The mechanical transmission device 7 comprises three mechanical transmission rods with enough rigidity, a mechanical transmission rod vibration table top anchoring point 13, a mechanical transmission rod false bottom anchoring point 14 and a connecting rod piece, the mechanical transmission rod vibration table top anchoring point 13, the mechanical transmission rod false bottom anchoring point 14 and the connecting rod piece are symmetrically arranged and installed along the central axis of a small-sized vibration table top 12 and the central axis of a sliding type false bottom, the mechanical transmission device 7 mainly drives by the three mechanical transmission rods with enough rigidity, the starting point is the mechanical transmission rod vibration table top anchoring point 13, the terminal point is the mechanical transmission rod false bottom anchoring point 14, the mechanical transmission rods form a whole through the connecting rod piece, the structure flutter is reduced, the transmission effectiveness is ensured, and the earthquake acceleration signal of the sliding type false bottom is used as the earthquake acceleration signal input by the test model pipe body.
The sensing and measuring instrument further comprises an underwater tension sensor, a wave height instrument 9 and a flow velocity meter 8, wherein the underwater tension sensor, the wave height instrument 9 and the flow velocity meter 8 are respectively used for acquiring the tension, the wave height and the flow velocity parameters of the tested anchor cable.
The invention adopts the dynamic response test model of the suspension tunnel under the joint action of earthquake and wave current to carry out the analysis method of the dynamic response test, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: manufacturing a test model pipe body 1, installing a gyroscope 15 and an acceleration sensor in the pipe body to the gravity center position of the test model pipe body 1, and arranging four target points on the cross section of one end part of the test model pipe body 1, as shown in fig. 6;
step two: installing a bearing support above a test water tank, installing a small-sized vibrating table at the middle position of the bearing support above the test water tank, installing a sliding type false bottom in the test water tank, enabling the central axis of the sliding type false bottom and the central axis of the table top of the small-sized vibrating table to be on the same straight line, and respectively installing a sliding type false bottom acceleration sensor 17 and a small-sized vibrating table top acceleration sensor 16 on the sliding type false bottom 3 and the table top 12 of the small-sized vibrating table;
step three: the table top 12 of the small-sized vibration table is connected with the sliding false bottom surface 3 through a mechanical transmission device 7;
step four: placing a test model pipe body 1 into a test water tank, installing the test model pipe body 1 on a sliding false bottom through an anchoring system, installing the anchoring system, adjusting initial tension through a cable tensioner 6, and installing other sensing and measuring instruments;
step five: starting the small-sized vibrating table, simulating horizontal seismic signal input, recording data of the acceleration sensor 16 and the sliding type false bottom acceleration sensor 17 on the table surface of the small-sized vibrating table, and verifying the validity of seismic input signals and the reliability of underwater seismic simulation;
step six: and opening the wave-making and flow-making device 101 to make waves and flow, simultaneously opening the wave-absorbing device 102, collecting and sorting dynamic time domain response data obtained by the sensing and measuring instrument, and analyzing the dynamic response of the test model pipe body 1 under the joint action of the earthquake and the wave flow.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A dynamic response test model of a suspended tunnel under the combined action of earthquake and wave current is characterized by comprising a test water tank, a test model pipe body, an anchoring system, a vibration generation and transmission system and a sensing and measuring instrument, wherein the anchoring system comprises an anchor cable and a cable tensioner, and the cable tensioner is installed on the anchor cable; the vibration generation and transmission system comprises a small vibration table, a mechanical transmission device and a sliding type false bottom, wherein the small vibration table is arranged right above the test water tank through a bearing support and comprises a small vibration table base, a small vibration table top and a small vibration table vibration exciter, and the small vibration table top is connected with the sliding type false bottom through the mechanical transmission device; the sliding type false bottom is arranged in the test water tank and comprises a guide rail, a sliding block and a sliding type false bottom surface, the guide rail is fixed at the bottom of the test water tank, the sliding blocks are symmetrically arranged on the guide rail, and the sliding type false bottom surface is connected with the top surface of the sliding block through a bolt; the mechanical transmission device comprises three mechanical transmission rods with enough rigidity, a mechanical transmission rod vibration table surface anchoring point, a mechanical transmission rod false bottom surface anchoring point and a connecting rod piece, the mechanical transmission rod vibration table surface anchoring point and the mechanical transmission rod false bottom surface anchoring point are symmetrically arranged and installed along the central axis of the table surface of the small-sized vibration table and the central axis of the sliding type false bottom, the mechanical transmission device mainly drives the sliding type false bottom by means of the three mechanical transmission rods with enough rigidity, the starting point is the mechanical transmission rod vibration table surface anchoring point, the terminal point is the mechanical transmission rod false bottom surface anchoring point, the mechanical transmission rod forms a whole by means of the connecting rod piece, and the seismic acceleration signal of the sliding type false bottom is used as the seismic acceleration signal input by the test model pipe body; the test model pipe body is arranged on the sliding false bottom through the anchoring system; one end of the test model pipe body is pasted with a piece of white background paper, and four characteristic points of fluorescent color, namely target points, are arranged on the background paper; the sensing and measuring instrument comprises a gyroscope, a small vibration table top acceleration sensor, a sliding type false bottom acceleration sensor, an acceleration sensor in a tube body and a non-contact type strain displacement measuring instrument, wherein the gyroscope is arranged at the gravity center of the tube body of the test model and used for measuring the rotation angular velocity around the tube shaft; the small vibration table top acceleration sensor is arranged on the small vibration table top and used for accurately measuring the acceleration of the small vibration table top; selecting four different positions of the sliding type false bottom surface as characteristic points, and arranging a sliding type false bottom acceleration sensor on the characteristic points for accurately measuring the acceleration of the four characteristic points of the sliding type false bottom surface; the acceleration sensor in the pipe body is used for measuring the motion acceleration of the pipe body and recording the dynamic response of the pipe body; the non-contact strain displacement measuring instrument is arranged on one side of the test model pipe body pasted with the background paper and used for sampling the characteristic points at a high speed, and the horizontal direction translation amount and the vertical direction translation amount of the suspension tunnel are obtained by converting visual signals of forward and backward movement and deformation of the characteristic points into digital signals.
2. The dynamic response test model of the suspended tunnel under the combined action of earthquake and wave current as claimed in claim 1, wherein the test flume mainly comprises a flume, a wave-making flow-making device and a wave-damping device, the length of the flume is far greater than the width and height of the cross section of the flume, and the reflection action of waves is reduced; the wave-making flow-making device is arranged at one end of the water tank and is used for simulating the dynamic response of the physical model of the suspension tunnel under the action of wave flow; the wave absorption device is arranged at the other end of the water tank and mainly formed by piling broken stones and used for reducing the reflection effect of the oncoming waves.
3. The dynamic response test model of the suspended tunnel under the combined action of the earthquake and the wave current as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cross section of the tube body of the test model is circular.
4. The model of claim 1, wherein the sensor measurement instrument further comprises an underwater tension sensor, a wave height meter and a flow velocity meter, and the underwater tension sensor, the wave height meter and the flow velocity meter are respectively used for acquiring the tension, the wave height and the flow velocity parameters of the anchor cable in the test.
5. The analysis method for performing the dynamic response test by adopting the dynamic response test model of the suspension tunnel under the combined action of the earthquake and the wave current as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: manufacturing a test model pipe body, installing a gyroscope and an acceleration sensor in the pipe body to the gravity center position of the test model pipe body, and arranging four target points on the cross section of one end part of the test model pipe body;
step two: installing a bearing support above a test water tank, installing a small-sized vibrating table at the middle position of the bearing support above the test water tank, installing a sliding type false bottom in the test water tank, enabling the central axis of the sliding type false bottom and the central axis of the table top of the small-sized vibrating table to be on the same straight line, and respectively installing a sliding type false bottom acceleration sensor and a small-sized vibrating table top acceleration sensor on the sliding type false bottom and the table top of the small-sized vibrating table;
step three: connecting the table top of the small-sized vibrating table with the sliding false bottom surface through a mechanical transmission device;
step four: placing a test model pipe body into a test water tank, installing the test model pipe body on a sliding false bottom through an anchoring system, installing the anchoring system, adjusting initial tension through a cable tensioner, and installing other sensing and measuring instruments;
step five: starting the small-sized vibrating table, simulating horizontal seismic signal input, recording data of an acceleration sensor on the table surface of the small-sized vibrating table and a sliding type false bottom acceleration sensor, and verifying the validity of seismic input signals and the reliability of underwater seismic simulation;
step six: and opening the wave-making flow-making device to make waves and flow, simultaneously opening the wave-eliminating device, collecting and sorting dynamic time domain response data obtained by the sensing and measuring instrument, and analyzing the dynamic response of the test model pipe body under the joint action of the earthquake and the wave flow.
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