CN113295319A - Fluid pressure measuring device based on hydrostatic principle - Google Patents
Fluid pressure measuring device based on hydrostatic principle Download PDFInfo
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- CN113295319A CN113295319A CN202110617930.1A CN202110617930A CN113295319A CN 113295319 A CN113295319 A CN 113295319A CN 202110617930 A CN202110617930 A CN 202110617930A CN 113295319 A CN113295319 A CN 113295319A
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- abdicating
- tube
- transmission gear
- gear
- pipe section
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L7/00—Measuring the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by mechanical or fluid pressure-sensitive elements
- G01L7/18—Measuring the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by mechanical or fluid pressure-sensitive elements using liquid as the pressure-sensitive medium, e.g. liquid-column gauges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L19/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
- G01L19/06—Means for preventing overload or deleterious influence of the measured medium on the measuring device or vice versa
- G01L19/0618—Overload protection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L19/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
- G01L19/08—Means for indicating or recording, e.g. for remote indication
- G01L19/10—Means for indicating or recording, e.g. for remote indication mechanical
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L19/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
- G01L19/16—Dials; Mounting of dials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L7/00—Measuring the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by mechanical or fluid pressure-sensitive elements
- G01L7/18—Measuring the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by mechanical or fluid pressure-sensitive elements using liquid as the pressure-sensitive medium, e.g. liquid-column gauges
- G01L7/182—Measuring the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by mechanical or fluid pressure-sensitive elements using liquid as the pressure-sensitive medium, e.g. liquid-column gauges constructional details, e.g. mounting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L7/00—Measuring the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by mechanical or fluid pressure-sensitive elements
- G01L7/18—Measuring the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by mechanical or fluid pressure-sensitive elements using liquid as the pressure-sensitive medium, e.g. liquid-column gauges
- G01L7/185—Measuring the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by mechanical or fluid pressure-sensitive elements using liquid as the pressure-sensitive medium, e.g. liquid-column gauges with mechanical transmitting or indicating means
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fluid pressure measuring device based on the principle of fluid statics, which effectively solves the problem that the prior fluid pressure gauge has defects in design and causes weak adaptability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pressure measurement equipment, in particular to a fluid pressure measurement device based on the hydrostatic principle.
Background
The fluid pressure gauge is used for measuring the pressure of fluid, the traditional fluid pressure gauge is divided into a liquid type pressure gauge and a metal pressure gauge, the liquid type pressure gauge is a pressure gauge which is manufactured by utilizing the principle that the pressure generated by the self weight of a liquid column is balanced with the measured pressure based on the hydrostatic principle, and the measuring tube of the liquid type pressure gauge is limited in height and cannot enable the liquid column to rise infinitely, so that the liquid type pressure gauge can only be used for measuring smaller pressure, and when large pressure needs to be measured, the metal pressure gauge in the liquid type pressure gauge needs to be used.
Common metal pressure gauge is the spring manometer, it utilizes the change of spring intraductal pressure to make the pipe free end produce the displacement, its displacement passes through the pointer deflection on drive dial of drive mechanism to this realization pressure measurement effect, but the spring pipe receives self elasticity limit influence, elastic deformation is less, it is little to measure fluid pressure value span, based on this, some devices make the improvement to above-mentioned problem, utilize spiral spring's elasticity and rack and pinion's transmission, realize the measurement of large-span pressure value, but above-mentioned device still has following drawback:
1. when the elastic coefficient of the coil spring is selected to be relatively small, to realize a large-span pressure measurement, the coil spring needs to be designed to be very long so as to bear the pressure of the measured fluid, and thus, a large design space is occupied.
2. When the elastic coefficient of the coil spring is selected to be relatively large, the length of the coil spring can be greatly shortened, but when the pressure value of the measured fluid is small, the deformation amount of the coil spring is correspondingly small, and when the deformation amount of the coil spring is smaller than the gear side clearance between the gear and the rack, the rack which slightly moves along with the coil spring cannot push the gear to rotate, and at the moment, the device cannot measure the pressure of the measured fluid.
3. Because the transmission of the gear and the rack is adopted, enough space for avoiding the rack is required to be reserved when the device is designed, so that the occupied space of the device is further increased, and the adaptability of the device to various application environments is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a fluid pressure measuring device based on the hydrostatic principle, which can measure a smaller pressure by using the hydrostatic principle and a larger pressure by using the linear spring principle, and has the advantages of small overall occupied space and wide application range.
The technical scheme includes that the fluid pressure measuring device based on the hydrostatic principle comprises a pressure measuring pipe, wherein the pressure measuring pipe comprises a U-shaped pipe and a abdicating pipe, the U-shaped pipe consists of a transition pipe section and two vertical measuring pipe sections, the two measuring pipe sections are communicated through the transition pipe section, the abdicating pipe is coaxial with and communicated with any measuring pipe section, a positioning shaft is arranged on the transition pipe section and is arranged along the radial direction, a partition door matched with the transition pipe section is rotatably connected to the positioning shaft, a gear mechanism is arranged on the transition pipe section, a connecting rod is hinged between the partition door and the gear mechanism, a pressure bearing plate is hermetically and slidably matched in any measuring pipe section, a plurality of annular teeth are arranged below the pressure bearing plate and are uniformly distributed along the vertical direction on the pressure bearing plate, the plurality of annular teeth are matched with the gear mechanism, and an indicating liquid arranged below the pressure bearing plate is filled in the U-shaped pipe, when the pressure bearing plate moves downwards under the pressure of the measured fluid, the annular gear drives the gear mechanism to operate, and the gear mechanism drives the partition door to rotate through the connecting rod and enables the partition door to block the transition pipe section;
the sealing sliding fit in the abdicating pipe is provided with a transmission plate, the transmission plate and the abdicating pipe are connected with a transmission spring, when the bearing plate contacts with the transmission plate and pushes the transmission plate to move downwards, the transmission spring gives vertical upward elasticity to the transmission plate, the abdicating pipe is rotatably connected with a belt wheel, a silk ribbon is connected between the belt wheel and the transmission plate, the belt wheel and the abdicating pipe are connected with a torsional spring, the abdicating pipe is fixedly connected with a dial, the dial is rotatably installed with a pointer matched with scales on the dial, and a transmission mechanism is connected between the pointer and the belt wheel.
Preferably, the positioning shaft is arranged along the front-back direction, the gear mechanism comprises an incomplete gear which is arranged in the transition pipe section and is in limited rotary connection with the transition pipe section, the axis of the incomplete gear is arranged along the front-back direction, the free end of the head tooth of the incomplete gear extends into any one measuring pipe section, the head tooth of the incomplete gear is made of an elastomer material, the tail tooth of the incomplete gear is made of an elastomer material, an eccentric shaft is arranged on the incomplete gear, one end of the connecting rod is in rotary connection with the eccentric shaft, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with the partition door.
Preferably, the lateral wall of the tube of stepping down on open and be circular-arc and with the coaxial groove of stepping down of tube, the pressure release hole below is arranged in to the groove of stepping down, the tube of stepping down is through groove of stepping down and external intercommunication, it is connected with the moving axis along vertical setting to rotate on the tube of stepping down, fixedly connected with arranges the outside of the tube of stepping down in on the moving axis and with the assorted shutter of groove of stepping down, it has the spout that sets up along the tube axis direction of stepping down to open on the tube of stepping down lateral wall, there is the slider of sliding fit in the spout through spring coupling on the tube of stepping down, both ends stretch into the outer and inner both sides of the tube of stepping down respectively about the slider, the slider is arranged in and is connected with the first helical rack that sets up along the tube axial on the tip of the tube of stepping down outside, the meshing has the second helical rack along horizontal setting on the first helical rack, horizontal sliding connection between second helical rack and the tube of stepping down, be connected with the straight rack that length direction is unanimous on the second helical rack, the meshing has solid cover on the straight rack on the moving axis.
Preferably, the transmission mechanism comprises a main shaft coaxially connected to the belt wheel, a first transmission gear is sleeved on the main shaft, a second transmission gear which is rotatably connected to the abdicating pipe and has a reference circle diameter smaller than that of the first transmission gear is meshed on the first transmission gear, a third transmission gear is coaxially connected on the second transmission gear, a fourth transmission gear which is rotatably sleeved on the main shaft and has a reference circle diameter smaller than that of the third transmission gear is meshed on the third transmission gear, a fifth transmission gear which is sleeved on the main shaft is coaxially connected on the fourth transmission gear, a sixth transmission gear which is rotatably connected to the abdicating pipe and has a reference circle diameter smaller than that of the fifth transmission gear is meshed on the fifth transmission gear, a seventh transmission gear is coaxially connected on the sixth transmission gear, an eighth transmission gear which is rotatably sleeved on the main shaft and has a reference circle diameter smaller than that of the seventh transmission gear is meshed on the seventh transmission gear, the dial is coaxial with the eighth transmission gear, the pointer consists of a main pointer and an auxiliary pointer, the main pointer is connected with the main shaft, and the auxiliary pointer is connected with the eighth transmission gear.
Preferably, the scale on the dial consists of a main scale and an auxiliary scale, the main scale is matched with the main pointer, the auxiliary scale is matched with the auxiliary pointer, the main scale comprises a plurality of main scale marks which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the dial, the auxiliary scale comprises a plurality of auxiliary scale marks which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the dial, and the division value of the main scale is equal to the measuring range of the auxiliary scale.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages;
1. when the pressure of the measured fluid is small, namely the input pressure enables the deformation of the transmission spring to be smaller than the tooth side clearance between the meshing gears, the pipe can realize the pressure measuring effect by utilizing the hydrostatic principle so as to make up the defect that a linear spring type pressure gauge cannot measure the tiny fluid pressure; when the pressure of the fluid to be measured is large, namely the input pressure exceeds the measuring range of the U-shaped pipe 1, the pressure measuring effect can be achieved through the matching of the transmission spring and the transmission plate, so that the defect that the U-shaped pipe liquid pressure gauge cannot measure large fluid pressure is overcome.
2. The design of the connecting wire belt between the transmission plate and the belt wheel ensures that the device does not need to design a longer abdicating space, thereby reducing the occupied space of the device.
3. When the pressure of the measured fluid far exceeds the range of the dial, the pressure relief function of the pressure relief hole is opened, and the pressure bearing plate still needs to bear the very high impact load of the measured fluid.
4. The main scale and the auxiliary scale are used together, so that the artificial estimation error is avoided, and the accuracy of the device is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an isometric view of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an isometric cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a in fig. 3 according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of B of fig. 3 according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a portion of the transmission mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a view showing a structure of a slider to protective door part according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the dial portion of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a front sectional view of the incomplete gear and the fixed shaft of the present invention coupled together.
Figure 10 is a perspective view of a pressure bearing column portion of the present invention.
The attached drawings are marked as follows: 1-U-shaped pipe, 2-abdicating pipe, 3-transition pipe, 4-measuring pipe, 5-partition door, 6-positioning shaft, 7-connecting rod, 8-bearing plate, 9-bearing column, 10-annular tooth, 11-driving plate, 12-annular baffle, 13-driving spring, 14-supporting frame, 15-belt wheel, 16-ribbon, 17-circular baffle, 18-torsion spring, 19-dial, 20-incomplete gear, 21-fixed shaft, 22-limiting groove, 23-limiting block, 24-head tooth, 25-tail tooth, 26-eccentric shaft, 27-pressure relief hole, 28-abdicating groove, 29-moving shaft, 30-protective door, 31-sliding groove, 32-sliding block, 33-first oblique rack, etc, 34-a second helical rack, 35-a straight rack, 36-a driving gear, 37-a first transmission gear, 38-a second transmission gear, 39-a third transmission gear, 40-a fourth transmission gear, 41-a fifth transmission gear, 42-a sixth transmission gear, 43-a seventh transmission gear, 44-an eighth transmission gear, 45-a main pointer, 46-an auxiliary pointer, 47-a main shaft, 48-a sleeve, 49-a main scale mark, 50-an auxiliary scale mark, 51-a scale and 52-a sealing gasket.
Detailed Description
The following description of the present invention will be made in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings 1 to 10.
Embodiment 1. a fluid pressure measuring device based on the hydrostatic principle, including a pressure measuring tube, the pressure measuring tube includes a U-shaped tube 1 and a abdicating tube 2, the U-shaped tube 1 is composed of a transition tube section 3 and two vertical measuring tube sections 4, the two measuring tube sections 4 are arranged in parallel and respectively arranged at the left and right sides of the transition tube section 3, the left and right ends of the transition tube section 3 correspond to the two measuring tube sections 4 one by one, the end of the transition tube section 3 is communicated with the lower end of the corresponding measuring tube section 4, i.e. the two measuring tube sections 4 are communicated through the transition tube section 3, the abdicating tube 2 is coaxial with the measuring tube section 4 at the right side of the transition tube section 3, the inner diameter of the abdicating tube 2 is equal to the inner diameter of the measuring tube section 4 at the right side of the transition tube section 3, the outer diameter of the abdicating tube 2 is equal to the outer diameter of the measuring tube section 4 at the right side of the transition tube section 3, the abdicating tube 2 is communicated with the measuring tube at the right side of the transition tube section 3, the transition pipe section 3 is provided with a positioning shaft 6 arranged in the transition pipe section 3, the positioning shaft 6 is arranged along the radial direction of the transition pipe section 3, the transition pipe section 3 is internally provided with a horizontal partition door 5, the diameter of the partition door 5 is equal to the inner diameter of the transition pipe section 3, the outer edge surface of the partition door 5 is provided with a through hole along the radial direction of the partition door 5, the through hole is arranged along the front-back direction, the positioning shaft 6 is arranged in the through hole in a penetrating way, the positioning shaft 6 is rotationally connected with the partition door 5 along the axis of the positioning shaft 6, the partition door 5 is matched with the transition pipe section 3, the transition pipe section 3 is provided with a gear mechanism, a connecting rod 7 is hinged between the partition door 5 and the gear mechanism, a circular bearing plate 8 is hermetically and slidably matched in the measurement pipe section 4 on the right side of the transition pipe section 3, the bearing plate 8 is coaxial with the measurement pipe section 4 on the right side of the transition pipe section 3, and a bearing column 9 arranged below the bearing plate 8 is coaxially arranged on the bearing plate 8, the side wall of the pressure bearing column 9 is provided with a plurality of ring-shaped teeth 10 which are uniformly distributed along the vertical direction, the ring-shaped teeth 10 are coaxial with the pressure bearing column 9, the plurality of ring-shaped teeth 10 are matched with the gear mechanism, the indicating liquid which is arranged below the pressure bearing plate 8 is filled in the U-shaped pipe 1, the liquid level of the indicating liquid is flush with the lower end face of the pressure bearing plate 8, when the pressure bearing plate 8 is subjected to the pressure of the fluid to be measured and moves downwards in the measuring pipe section 4 on the right side of the transition pipe section 3, the indicating liquid in the measuring pipe section 4 on the right side of the transition pipe section 3 is pressed downwards by the pressure bearing plate 8, so that the liquid level of the indicating liquid in the measuring pipe section 4 on the right side of the transition pipe section 3 moves downwards, the indicating liquid in the other measuring pipe section 4 moves upwards under the action of the pressure, the liquid levels of the indicating liquid in the two measuring pipe sections 4 generate a height difference, simultaneously, the pressure bearing plate 8 drives the pressure bearing column 9 to move downwards, the ring-shaped teeth 9 drive the ring-shaped teeth 10 to move downwards, when the ring-shaped teeth 10 are contacted with the gear mechanism, the annular gear 10 drives the gear mechanism to operate, and the gear mechanism drives the partition door 5 to rotate through the connecting rod 7, so that the partition door 5 blocks the transition pipe section 3;
a circular transmission plate 11 is hermetically and slidably matched in the abdicating pipe 2, the transmission plate 11 is coaxial with the abdicating pipe 2 and is arranged at the upper end of the abdicating pipe 2, an annular baffle plate 12 is coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the abdicating pipe 2, a vertical transmission spring 13 is connected between the transmission plate 11 and the annular baffle plate 12, when the measured fluid pressure is large, so that the pressure bearing column 9 moves to be contacted with the transmission plate 11, the pressure bearing plate 8, the pressure bearing column 9 and the annular teeth 10 just plug the communication part between the measurement pipe section 4 at the right side of the transition pipe section 3 and the transition pipe section 3, at the moment, the partition door 5 plugs the transition pipe section 3, most of the indicating liquid enters the measurement pipe section 4 at the left side of the transition pipe section 3 and is plugged in the measurement pipe section 4 at the left side of the transition pipe section 3 by the partition door 5, when the pressure bearing plate 8 continues to push the transmission plate 11 to move downwards through the pressure bearing column 9 under the pressure of the measured fluid, the transmission spring 13 gives a vertical upward elastic force to the transmission plate 11, the pressure bearing plate 8, the pressure bearing column 9 and the annular tooth 10 gradually open the communication position between the measurement pipe section 4 and the transition pipe section 3 on the right side of the transition pipe section 3, the measured fluid enters the communication section between the measurement pipe section 4 and the transition pipe section 3 on the right side of the transition pipe, the measured fluid extrudes a small part of the indicating liquid on the right side of the partition door 5, but because the partition door 5 seals the transition pipe section 3, the pressure transmitted by the measured fluid to the indicating liquid can only act on the partition door 5 and is offset by the supporting force provided by the partition door 5, therefore, the pressure of the measured fluid can not act on the indicating liquid on the left side of the partition door 5 (namely the indicating liquid in the measurement pipe section 4 on the left side of the transition pipe section 3), the problem that the indicating liquid in the measurement pipe section 4 on the left side of the transition pipe section 3 continuously rises when the transmission plate 11 is moved downwards under the pressure is avoided, and the indicating liquid is prevented from overflowing from the measurement pipe section 4 during measurement, the abdicating tube 2 is connected with a support frame 14 arranged below the annular baffle 12, the support frame 14 is rotatably connected with a belt wheel 15 with an axis arranged along the front and back direction, a vertical silk ribbon 16 is connected between the belt wheel 15 and the transmission plate 11, the front end and the back end of the belt wheel 15 are respectively provided with a coaxial circular baffle 17, the distance between the two circular baffles 17 is equal to the width of the silk ribbon 16, the silk ribbon 16 passes through the central hole of the annular baffle 12, a torsion spring 18 arranged along the front and back direction is connected between the belt wheel 15 and the support frame 14, the elasticity of the torsion spring 18 and the elasticity of the transmission spring 13 are balanced, the stiffness coefficient of the transmission spring 13 is far larger than that of the torsion spring 18, the abdicating tube 2 is fixedly connected with a dial 19, the dial 19 is coaxial with the belt wheel 15, a pointer matched with the scale on the dial 19 is rotatably arranged, a transmission mechanism is connected between the pointer and the belt wheel 15, when the transmission plate 11 is pressed and moved downwards, the silk ribbon 16 between the transmission plate 11 and the annular baffle 12 becomes soft, meanwhile, the belt wheel 15 rotates under the action of the torsion force of the torsion spring 18 and winds the silk ribbon 16 on the belt wheel 15, the belt wheel 15 drives the pointer to rotate through the transmission mechanism, and the value pointed by the pointer shows the pressure of the measured fluid.
Embodiment 2, on the basis of embodiment 1, the positioning shaft 6 is arranged along the front-back direction, the gear mechanism includes an incomplete gear 20 disposed in the transition pipe section 3, the axis of the incomplete gear 20 is arranged along the front-back direction, the incomplete gear 20 is disposed at the upper right side of the transition pipe section 3, the transition pipe section 3 is provided with a fixed shaft 21 penetrating in an inner hole of the incomplete gear 20, a side wall of the fixed shaft 21 is provided with a limit groove 22 with an arc-shaped path, the arc-shaped path of the limit groove 22 is coaxial with the fixed shaft 21, the incomplete gear 20 is provided with a limit block 23 disposed in the limit groove 22 and slidably matched with the limit groove 22, so as to form a limit rotational connection between the incomplete gear 20 and the transition pipe section 3, at this time, the limit block 23 is located at the initial end position of the limit groove 22, the toothed portion of the incomplete gear 20 is disposed above the incomplete gear 20, and the right end of the initial tooth 24 of the incomplete gear 20 extends into the measurement pipe section 4 on the right side of the transition pipe section 3, the head tooth 24 of the incomplete gear 20 is made of an elastomer material, the tail tooth 25 of the incomplete gear 20 is made of an elastomer material, an eccentric shaft 26 is arranged on the front end face of the incomplete gear 20, the axis of the eccentric shaft 26 is parallel to the axis of the incomplete gear 20, one end of the connecting rod 7 is rotatably connected with the eccentric shaft 26 (namely, one end of the connecting rod 7 is hinged with the incomplete gear 20), the other end of the connecting rod 7 is hinged with the partition door 5 through a shaft arranged along the front-back direction, at the moment, the connecting rod 7 faces to the radial direction of the incomplete gear 20, when the annular tooth 10 is contacted with the gear mechanism (namely, the annular tooth 10 is contacted with the head tooth 24 of the incomplete gear 20), the annular tooth 10 starts to be meshed with the incomplete gear 20, the downward movement of the annular tooth 10 drives the incomplete gear 20 to rotate, the incomplete gear 20 drives the connecting rod 7 to do plane motion, the connecting rod 7 drives the partition door 5 to rotate, when the pressure bearing column 9 is contacted with the transmission plate 11, the connecting rod 7 faces the radial direction of the incomplete gear 20 again, the partition door 5 is changed into a vertical state at the moment and blocks the transition pipe section 3, the free end of the tail tooth 25 extends into the measuring pipe section 4 on the right side of the transition pipe section 3 at the moment, the limiting block 23 slides to the tail end of the stroke, the plurality of annular teeth 10 all move to the lower part of the tail tooth 25 at the moment, and the bearing plate 8 is positioned above the tail tooth 25; when the bearing plate 8 continues to push the transmission plate 11 downwards through the bearing columns 9, the limit block 23 slides to the stroke end, namely the incomplete gear 20 rotates to the limit position, so the bearing plate 8 cannot push the end teeth 25 to rotate, only the end teeth 25 can be pressed and the end teeth 25 can be contracted, after the bearing plate 8 passes over the end teeth 25, the end teeth 25 are reset under the action of self elasticity, when the bearing plate 8 moves upwards and resets, the bearing plate 8 firstly contacts with the end teeth 25 and pushes the end teeth 25 to rotate, the end teeth 25 push the incomplete gear 20 to rotate reversely, simultaneously, a plurality of annular teeth 10 are meshed with teeth on the incomplete gear 20 for transmission, when the incomplete gear 20 resets, namely the incomplete gear 20 reversely rotates to the limit position, the free end (namely the right end) of the head tooth 24 of the incomplete gear 20 reenters the measurement pipe section 4 on the right side of the transition pipe section 3, and at the annular tooth 10 below the head tooth 24 presses the head tooth 24 and forces the head tooth 24 to contract, after the ring tooth 10 has completely passed over the leading tooth 24, the leading tooth 24 is reset by its own elastic force.
Embodiment 3, on the basis of embodiment 1, the sidewall of the abdicating tube 2 is provided with a pressure relief hole 27 near the bottom end of the abdicating tube 2, when the measured fluid pressure exceeds the measuring range of the dial 19, the pressure-bearing plate 8 will cross the pressure relief hole 27 under the action of the measured fluid pressure, so that the measured fluid pressure is released from the pressure relief hole 27 to prevent the device from being damaged by high pressure.
Embodiment 6, on the basis of embodiment 5, the scale on the dial 19 is composed of a main scale and an auxiliary scale, the main scale is matched with the main pointer 45, the auxiliary scale is matched with the auxiliary pointer 46, the main scale comprises a plurality of main scale marks 49 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the dial 19, the auxiliary scale comprises a plurality of auxiliary scale marks 50 uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the dial 19, the main scale is close to the axis of the dial 19 relative to the auxiliary scale, the division value of the main scale is equal to the range of the auxiliary scale, the main pointer 45 points to the 0 scale mark of the main scale in the initial state, and the auxiliary pointer 46 points to the 0 scale mark of the auxiliary scale in the initial state.
When the belt wheel 15 rotates, the main shaft 47 is driven to rotate, the main shaft 47 drives the main pointer 45 to rotate, meanwhile, the main shaft 47 drives the first transmission gear 37 to rotate, the first transmission gear 37 drives the second transmission gear 38 to rotate, the second transmission gear 38 drives the third transmission gear 39 to rotate, the third transmission gear 39 drives the fourth transmission gear 40 to rotate, the fourth transmission gear 40 drives the fifth transmission gear 41 to rotate, the fifth transmission gear 41 drives the sixth transmission gear 42 to rotate, the sixth transmission gear 42 drives the seventh gear 43 to rotate, the seventh gear 43 drives the eighth transmission gear 44 to rotate, the eighth transmission gear 44 drives the sleeve 48 to rotate, the sleeve 48 drives the auxiliary pointer 46 to rotate, when the rotation angle of the main pointer 45 is equal to the included angle between two adjacent main scale marks 49, the rotation angle of the auxiliary pointer 46 is equal to 360 degrees, that is, the auxiliary pointer 46 rotates by one circle, when the main pointer 45 is located between two adjacent main scale marks 49 during reading, firstly, the magnitude of the main scale mark 49 with smaller number in the two main scale marks 49 is read, then, the magnitude of the auxiliary scale mark 50 indicated by the auxiliary pointer 46 is read, and the two magnitudes are added to obtain the measured value of the measured fluid pressure.
In embodiment 8, on the basis of embodiment 1, a sealing gasket 52 is coaxially arranged on the outer edge of the partition door 5.
Example 9, on the basis of example 1, the ribbon 16 is a thin ribbon, and the material of the ribbon 16 may be polypropylene material, nylon yarn, etc., which is designed to minimize systematic errors in the apparatus.
In embodiment 10, in addition to embodiment 2, the material of the first tooth 24 of the incomplete gear 20 may be specifically butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, etc., and the material of the last tooth 25 of the incomplete gear 20 may be specifically butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, etc.
When the device is used, the measuring pipe section 4 on the right side of the transition pipe section 3 is vertically placed and connected to a measured part, measured fluid flows into the measuring pipe section 4 on the right side of the transition pipe section 3 from the measured part, when the pressure of the measured fluid is lower, the transmission spring 13 deforms slightly, due to the fact that tooth side gaps exist between meshed gears, when the slight deformation of the transmission spring 13 is smaller than the tooth side gaps, the pointer cannot rotate, the dial 19 cannot test the fluid pressure, the measured fluid pushes the pressure bearing plate 8 to move downwards, the liquid level of indicating liquid in the two measuring pipe sections 4 has a height difference, and the slight pressure of the measured fluid can be measured by the height difference; when the pressure of the measured fluid exceeds the range of the U-shaped pipe 1, the pressure bearing plate 8 pushes the transmission plate 11 to move downwards under the action of higher pressure, at the moment, the partition door 5 seals the transition pipe section 3, so that mutual interference between two measurement modes (namely the measurement of the U-shaped pipe 1 and the measurement of the transmission spring 13) is avoided, the pointer rotates due to the downward movement of the transmission plate 11, and when the transmission plate 11 stops moving downwards, the reading on the dial 19 is read, so that the measured value of the pressure of the measured fluid can be obtained.
In the invention, when the U-shaped pipe 1 is used for measuring input pressure, because friction force exists between the pressure bearing plate 8 and the corresponding measuring pipe section, the friction force between the pressure bearing plate 8 and the measuring pipe section 4 on the right side of the transition pipe section 3 can be reduced to the minimum by reducing the thickness of the pressure bearing plate 8, the roughness of the contact surface and other process measures, and further the system error of the device is reduced; correction values may also be introduced to eliminate systematic errors introduced by the device itself.
When the transmission spring 13 is used for measurement, friction force exists between the bearing plate 8 and the abdicating pipe 2, between the transmission plate 11 and the abdicating pipe 2, between the meshing gears, between the gears and the main shaft, and between the belt wheel 15 and the support frame 14, so that the friction force can be reduced by adopting some modes, such as reducing the area of a contact surface, reducing the roughness of the contact surface, adding lubricating oil to lubricate the contact position (under the condition that the condition allows), and further reducing the system error of the device; correction values may also be introduced to eliminate systematic errors introduced by the device itself.
When the fluid pressure measurement is performed by the transmission spring 13 after the system error caused by the device itself is reduced or eliminated, the elastic force of the transmission spring 13 is equal to the sum of the pressure of the measured fluid and the torsion force of the torsion spring 18.
Because the radius of the pulley 15 is constant, there is a linear relationship between the length of the wire wound on the pulley 15 and the torsion angle of the torsion spring 18, the length of the wire wound on the pulley 15 is the downward moving amount of the transmission plate 11, the downward moving amount of the transmission plate 11 is the variation amount of the transmission spring 13, the elastic force of the transmission spring 13 and the variation amount of the transmission spring 13 have a linear relationship, so the elastic force of the transmission spring 13 and the torsion angle have a linear relationship, and the torsion force of the torsion spring 18 and the torsion angle have a linear relationship, so the difference between the elastic force of the transmission spring 13 and the torsion force of the torsion spring 18 and the torsion angle also have a linear relationship, so the pressure of the measured fluid and the torsion angle of the torsion spring 18 have a linear relationship, and the rotation angle of the torsion spring 18 has a linear relationship, therefore, the pressure of the measured fluid and the rotation angle of the pointer have a linear relationship, the device of the invention can measure the pressure of the fluid.
While the invention has been described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments thereof; for those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains and related technologies, the extension, operation method and data replacement should fall within the protection scope of the present invention based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A fluid pressure measuring device based on the hydrostatic principle comprises a pressure measuring pipe and is characterized in that the pressure measuring pipe comprises a U-shaped pipe (1) and a yielding pipe (2), the U-shaped pipe (1) is composed of a transition pipe section (3) and two vertical measuring pipe sections (4), the two measuring pipe sections (4) are communicated through the transition pipe section (3), the yielding pipe (2) is coaxial with and communicated with any measuring pipe section (4), a positioning shaft (6) which is arranged in the transition pipe section (3) and arranged along the radial direction is arranged on the transition pipe section (3), a partition door (5) matched with the transition pipe section (3) is rotatably connected onto the positioning shaft (6), a gear mechanism is installed on the transition pipe section (3), a connecting rod (7) is hinged between the partition door (5) and the gear mechanism, and a bearing plate (8) is hermetically and slidably matched in any measuring pipe section (4), the pressure bearing plate (8) is provided with a plurality of annular teeth (10) which are arranged below the pressure bearing plate (8) and are uniformly distributed along the vertical direction, the annular teeth (10) are matched with the gear mechanism, the U-shaped pipe (1) is internally provided with indicating liquid which is arranged below the pressure bearing plate (8), when the pressure bearing plate (8) is moved downwards under the pressure of a measured fluid, the gear mechanism drives the gear mechanism to operate, the gear mechanism drives the partition door (5) to rotate through the connecting rod (7) and enables the partition door (5) to block the transition pipe section (3);
let tube (2) inner seal sliding fit have driving plate (11), driving plate (11) and let be connected with between tube (2) transmission spring (13), when bearing plate (8) and driving plate (11) contact and promote driving plate (11) and move down, transmission spring (13) give driving plate (11) vertical ascending elasticity, it is connected with band pulley (15) to rotate on tube (2) to let, be connected with silk ribbon (16) between band pulley (15) and driving plate (11), be connected with torsional spring (18) between band pulley (15) and the tube (2) of letting, fixedly connected with calibrated scale (19) on tube (2) of letting, rotate on calibrated scale (19) and install the scale assorted pointer on calibrated scale (19), be connected with drive mechanism between pointer and band pulley (15).
2. The hydrostatic principle-based fluid pressure measuring device of claim 1, wherein the positioning shaft (6) is arranged in a front-rear direction, the gear mechanism comprises an incomplete gear (20) which is arranged in the transition pipe section (3) and is in limited rotational connection with the transition pipe section (3), an axis of the incomplete gear (20) is arranged in the front-rear direction, a free end of a head tooth (24) of the incomplete gear (20) extends into any one of the measuring pipe sections (4), the head tooth (24) of the incomplete gear (20) is made of an elastomer material, a tail tooth (25) of the incomplete gear (20) is made of an elastomer material, an eccentric shaft (26) is arranged on the incomplete gear (20), one end of the connecting rod (7) is rotationally connected with the eccentric shaft (26), and the other end of the connecting rod (7) is hinged with the partition door (5).
3. The hydrostatic-principle-based fluid pressure measuring device of claim 1, wherein the side wall of the abdicating tube (2) is provided with a pressure relief hole (27).
4. The fluid pressure measuring device based on the hydrostatic principle according to claim 3, wherein the side wall of the abdicating tube (2) is provided with an abdicating groove (28) which is arc-shaped and coaxial with the abdicating tube (2), the abdicating groove (28) is arranged below the pressure relief hole (27), the abdicating tube (2) is communicated with the outside through the abdicating groove (28), the abdicating tube (2) is rotatably connected with a moving shaft (29) which is vertically arranged, the moving shaft (29) is fixedly connected with a protective door (30) which is arranged at the outer side of the abdicating tube (2) and is matched with the abdicating groove (28), the side wall of the abdicating tube (2) is provided with a sliding groove (31) which is arranged along the axial direction of the abdicating tube (2), the abdicating tube (2) is connected with a sliding block (32) which is slidably matched in the sliding groove (31) through a spring, and the left and right ends of the sliding block (32) respectively extend into the inner and left sides of the abdicating tube (2), the end part of the sliding block (32) arranged on the outer side of the abdicating pipe (2) is connected with a first helical rack (33) axially arranged along the abdicating pipe (2), the first helical rack (33) is meshed with a second helical rack (34) transversely arranged, the second helical rack (34) is transversely connected with the abdicating pipe (2) in a sliding manner, the second helical rack (34) is connected with a straight rack (35) with the same length direction, and the straight rack (35) is meshed with a driving gear (36) fixedly sleeved on the moving shaft (29).
5. The fluid pressure measuring device based on the hydrostatic principle according to claim 1, wherein the transmission mechanism includes a main shaft (47) coaxially connected to the belt wheel (15), a first transmission gear (37) is sleeved on the main shaft (47), a second transmission gear (38) rotatably connected to the abdicating tube (2) and having a reference circle diameter smaller than that of the first transmission gear (37) is engaged on the first transmission gear (37), a third transmission gear (39) is coaxially connected to the second transmission gear (38), a fourth transmission gear (40) rotatably sleeved on the main shaft (47) and having a reference circle diameter smaller than that of the third transmission gear (39) is engaged on the third transmission gear (39), a fifth transmission gear (41) sleeved on the main shaft (47) is coaxially connected to the fourth transmission gear (40), a rotation connection is engaged on the abdicating tube (2) and having a reference circle diameter smaller than that of the fifth transmission gear (41) (41) The indicating device comprises a sixth transmission gear (42), a seventh transmission gear (43) is coaxially connected to the sixth transmission gear (42), an eighth transmission gear (44) which is rotatably sleeved on a main shaft (47) and has a reference circle diameter smaller than that of the seventh transmission gear (43) is meshed to the seventh transmission gear (43), a dial (19) and the eighth transmission gear (44) are coaxial, the pointer consists of a main pointer (45) and an auxiliary pointer (46), the main pointer (45) is connected with the main shaft (47), and the auxiliary pointer (46) is connected with the eighth transmission gear (44).
6. A hydrostatic-principle-based fluid pressure measuring device according to claim 5, wherein the scale on the scale disk (19) is composed of a main scale, which is associated with the main pointer (45), and an auxiliary scale, which is associated with the auxiliary pointer (46), the main scale including a plurality of main scale marks (49) uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the scale disk (19), the auxiliary scale including a plurality of auxiliary scale marks (50) uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the scale disk (19), the division value of the main scale being equal to the range of the auxiliary scale marks.
7. The hydrostatic-principle-based fluid pressure measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the measuring pipe section (4) of the U-shaped pipe (1) is provided with a scale (51) arranged along the axial direction of the measuring pipe section (4).
8. Hydrostatic-principle-based fluid pressure measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the partition door (5) has a sealing gasket (52) coaxially provided on its outer edge.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB191002482A (en) * | 1910-02-01 | 1910-06-30 | Horace Leonard Short | Improvements in Pressure Gauges, particularly suitable for Indicating Low Pressures such as Accumulate in Airship and Balloon Envelopes and the like. |
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| CN113295319B (en) | 2023-01-10 |
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