CN113295203A - Passive wireless high-speed rail track board real-time online monitoring system device - Google Patents
Passive wireless high-speed rail track board real-time online monitoring system device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113295203A CN113295203A CN202110511947.9A CN202110511947A CN113295203A CN 113295203 A CN113295203 A CN 113295203A CN 202110511947 A CN202110511947 A CN 202110511947A CN 113295203 A CN113295203 A CN 113295203A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
Abstract
The invention provides a passive wireless real-time online monitoring system device for a high-speed rail plate, which comprises a monitoring module, a wireless signal host and a wireless access host, wherein the monitoring module is implanted into concrete of the rail plate when the rail plate is produced and manufactured in a factory, and is provided with a stress sensitive element used for measuring a physical parameter wireless signal host of the rail plate; the wireless signal host computer carries out wireless charging for the monitoring module assembly, the monitoring module assembly passes through the wireless signal host computer and gives wireless access host computer with data transmission, the monitoring module assembly antenna of monitoring module assembly includes 915M antenna and 2.4G antenna, is used for the directional radio magnetic wave who receives the wireless signal host computer and send respectively, and realizes the wireless communication of monitoring module assembly and wireless signal host computer. The invention solves the potential safety hazard problem of high-speed rail operation caused by the need of field installation and wiring of the traditional sensor, realizes complete wireless operation and meets the actual engineering requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a novel sensing system of the Internet of things, in particular to a passive wireless real-time online monitoring system device for a high-speed rail track board.
Background
The CRTS type plate-type ballastless track is a main ballastless track form in China at present, and with the successive opening and operation of Jingjin intercity high-speed railways, Wuguang high-speed railways, Shanghai Hangzhou high-speed railways and Jingghai high-speed railways, the high-speed railway ballastless track technology in China is gradually serialized, modernized and standardized. The ballastless track structure of the high-speed railway is the same as the structure of a common track and comprises a steel rail, a sleeper, a fastener, a track bed, turnouts and the like. The materials with distinct mechanical properties bear the acting force from the train wheels, the work of the materials is closely related, and the change of the performance, the strength and the structure of any one rail part influences the working conditions of other parts and directly influences the running quality of the train. The rail directly bears the huge power transmitted by the rolling stock and transmits the power to the sleeper; the sleeper distributes the vertical force, the horizontal force and the longitudinal horizontal force transmitted by the steel rail on a track bed after bearing the vertical force, the horizontal force and the longitudinal horizontal force, and keeps the normal geometric position of the steel rail; various acting forces between the wheel rails are transmitted to the track bed after vibration isolation, vibration reduction and attenuation of the sleepers and the fasteners, and the acting forces are diffused and transmitted to the roadbed. Therefore, the method has great significance for monitoring the working state of the track slab in real time, and can represent the working state of the track slab and the roadbed, predict faults and ensure the high-speed rail operation safety by measuring physical parameters such as temperature, humidity, vibration frequency, vibration amplitude, relative displacement, internal stress and the like of the track slab and analyzing and calculating static data and dynamic data.
The traditional monitoring means basically adopts a mode of a sensor and a data acquisition device to carry out data acquisition, then bar data are transmitted back to a server end in a wired or wireless mode, no matter which mode, the data acquisition of the sensor needs wired power supply, the data are acquired in a wired communication mode and then transmitted back to a gateway, however, high-speed rails have high safety requirements, any visible line, equipment and instrument cannot be installed in the range of the anti-collision wall of the high-speed rail, the high challenge is provided for the engineering of the traditional sensor, a plurality of sensor devices can only be detached after being operated for a period of time, and potential safety hazards are avoided.
In view of the above, there is a need for a new wireless, ultra-micro power consumption sensor and wireless communication device to ensure that equipment other than rail systems cannot be installed within the safe areas of high-speed rail tracks.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a passive wireless real-time online monitoring system device for a high-speed rail track plate, which solves the problem of monitoring a ballastless track and the problems of data acquisition and transmission, and adopts the following technical scheme:
a passive wireless real-time online monitoring system device for a high-speed rail plate comprises a monitoring module, a wireless signal host and a wireless access host, wherein the monitoring module is implanted into concrete of the rail plate when the rail plate is produced and manufactured in a factory, and is provided with a stress sensitive element and the wireless signal host which is used for measuring physical parameters of the rail plate; the wireless signal host computer carries out wireless charging for the monitoring module assembly, the monitoring module assembly passes through the wireless signal host computer and gives wireless access host computer with data transmission, the monitoring module assembly antenna of monitoring module assembly includes 915M antenna and 2.4G antenna, is used for the directional radio magnetic wave who receives the wireless signal host computer and send respectively, and realizes the wireless communication of monitoring module assembly and wireless signal host computer.
The monitoring module comprises a monitoring module shell, wherein a control chip, a monitoring module antenna and a stress sensitive element which are respectively connected with the control chip are arranged in the monitoring module shell, and the control chip comprises a monitoring module control unit, and a module electric energy management control unit, a sensor signal processing unit and a wireless radio frequency communication unit which are respectively connected with the monitoring module control unit; the module electric energy management control unit is connected with a 915M antenna of the monitoring module antenna, the wireless radio frequency communication unit is connected with a 2.4G antenna of the monitoring module antenna, and the sensor signal processing unit is connected with the stress sensitive element.
The stress sensing element is integrated with a plurality of passive sensor sensing structural parts, including temperature, humidity, bridge type deformation, a vibrating wire type strain gauge, a piezoelectric type vibration sensor and an MEMS accelerometer.
The module electric energy management control unit receives the wireless electromagnetic waves by using the wireless energy acquisition circuit, rectifies and limits the amplitude after voltage doubling amplification, and stores the electric energy in the capacitor.
The wireless signal host comprises a signal host antenna, a signal host electric energy management control unit, a signal host control unit, a wireless radio frequency energy charging unit and a signal host wireless communication unit, wherein the signal host control unit is respectively connected with the signal host electric energy management control unit and the signal host wireless communication unit, the signal host electric energy management control unit is connected with the wireless radio frequency energy charging unit, and the wireless radio frequency energy charging unit is connected with the signal host antenna.
The signal host antenna comprises two groups of antennas, namely a 915Mhz antenna and a 2.4Ghz antenna, wherein the 915Mhz antenna can directionally radiate wireless electromagnetic waves and is received and stored by the monitoring module; the 2.4G antenna and the signal host wireless communication unit connected with the antenna can realize wireless communication between the monitoring module and the wireless signal host and wireless communication between the wireless signal hosts.
The wireless access host comprises an access host antenna, an access host electric energy management control unit, an access host control unit, a remote wireless communication unit and a local wireless communication unit, wherein the access host control unit is respectively connected with the access host electric energy management control unit, the remote wireless communication unit and the local wireless communication unit, and the access host electric energy management control unit is connected with the access host antenna.
The access host antenna comprises a mobile communication 4G antenna and a 2.4G antenna, the 4G antenna can realize remote communication to upload data and is connected with the remote wireless communication unit; the 2.4G antenna is connected with the local wireless communication unit, wireless communication between the wireless access host and the wireless signal host is achieved, and local micro-power networking can be achieved through the local wireless communication unit.
The wireless access host can be communicated with the wireless signal host in a micro-power networking mode and also can be communicated with a cloud server, one wireless access host can be used for networking 500 wireless signal hosts, and the wireless access host can cover the signal hosts within a distance of 1000 meters through a multi-hop technology and a data forwarding mechanism.
The wireless signal host and the wireless access host are both provided with an electric energy management control unit, the electric energy management control unit comprises a solar cell panel, an electric energy management unit and a rechargeable battery, and the solar cell panel is connected with the rechargeable battery through the electric energy management unit.
The passive wireless real-time online monitoring system device for the high-speed rail track slab can upload the measured data of the physical parameters of the track slab to the cloud server in a wireless mode, is low in power consumption, realizes complete wireless, meets the actual engineering requirements, does not influence the safety of the high-speed rail track line, is reasonable in structure, accurate in data transmission, saves the time of manual inspection, and improves the safety and usability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the monitoring module;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the wireless signal host;
fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of the access host;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the communication logic structure of the wireless signal host and the monitoring module;
FIG. 5 is a hardware installation topology of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a power management control unit;
the reference numbers in the figures: 1-monitoring a module housing; 2-monitoring the module antenna; 3-module electric energy management control unit; 4-a sensor signal processing unit; 5-a stress sensitive element; 6-a wireless radio frequency communication unit; 7-monitoring module control unit; 10-a monitoring module; 11-signal host antenna; 12-a signal host power management control unit; 13-signal host control unit; 14-a wireless radio frequency charging unit; 15-a signal host wireless communication unit; 20-a wireless signal host; 21-access to the host antenna; 22-access to a host electric energy management control unit; 23-access to a host control unit; 24-a remote wireless communication unit; 25-a local wireless communication unit; 30-a wireless access host; 40-a cloud server; 41-an anti-collision wall; 42-concrete sealing layer; 43-concrete foundation; 44-a track slab; 50-electric energy management control unit; 51-solar panel; 52-a power management unit; 53-rechargeable battery.
Detailed Description
Real-time on-line monitoring system device of passive wireless high-speed rail board, including monitoring module 10, wireless signal host computer 20 and wireless access host computer 30, monitoring module 10 just implants the concrete inside of track board 44 when no-za track board 44 is manufactured to factory production, monitoring module 10 sends wireless host computer 20 to the measured data of the physical parameter of track board 44, wireless signal host computer 20 carries out wireless charging for monitoring module 10 to wireless access host computer 30 is sent to the measured data that will receive, wireless access host computer 30 can send the cloud end server 40 after gathering measured data.
As shown in fig. 1, the monitoring module 10, or referred to as a concrete embedded passive wireless sensor, includes a monitoring module housing 1, the monitoring module housing 1 is made of high-strength engineering plastic, and a buffer material for arranging other modules is placed inside the monitoring module housing 1.
The monitoring module comprises a monitoring module shell 1, a monitoring module antenna 2, a stress sensitive element 5 and a control chip, wherein the control chip is arranged on a circuit board and is respectively connected with the monitoring module antenna 2 and the stress sensitive element 5. The stress sensitive element 5 can be integrated with a plurality of passive sensor sensitive structural parts, including temperature, humidity, bridge type deformation, vibrating wire strain gauges, piezoelectric vibration sensors and MEMS accelerometers.
The control chip comprises four functional modules: the module electric energy management control unit 3, the sensor signal processing unit 4, the wireless radio frequency communication unit 6 and the monitoring module control unit 7, and four functional modules thereof are all designed with ultra-micro power consumption. The monitoring module antenna 2 is connected with the module electric energy management control unit 3, the module electric energy management control unit 3 provides electric energy for other units of the control chip and the stress sensitive element 5, the stress sensitive element 5 is connected with the sensor signal processing unit 4, and the monitoring module control unit 7 is connected with the sensor signal processing unit 4 and the wireless radio frequency communication unit 6 respectively.
The monitoring module antenna 2 comprises a 915M antenna and a 2.4G antenna, the 915M antenna can directionally receive radio magnetic waves sent by the wireless signal host 20, the radio magnetic waves are received by a wireless energy acquisition circuit of the module electric energy management control unit 3, and the radio magnetic waves are rectified and limited after being subjected to voltage doubling amplification in the module electric energy management control unit 3 and are finally stored by a capacitor. The sensor signal processing unit 4, the wireless radio frequency communication unit 6 and the monitoring module control unit 7 are powered by the capacitors, and after the sensor signal processing unit 4 is powered on, the stress sensitive element 5 is controlled to work to collect track slab data.
The 2.4G antenna is connected with the wireless radio frequency communication unit 6, and the wireless radio frequency communication unit 6 can realize wireless communication between the monitoring module 10 and the wireless signal host 20 through the 2.4G antenna. The sensor signal processing unit 4 performs low-noise amplification, high-order band-pass filtering and shaping processing on the signal of the stress sensitive element 5, and finally converts the signal into a digital signal through analog-to-digital conversion. The sensor signal processing unit 4 sends the digital signals to the monitoring module control unit 7, the monitoring module control unit 7 encrypts the digital signals to realize data encryption of 2.4G communication, wherein an encryption algorithm supports AES and national passwords SM2 and SM4, and then the monitoring module control unit 7 sends the encrypted digital signals to the wireless signal host 20 through the wireless radio frequency communication unit 6 and the 2.4G antenna.
As shown in fig. 2, the wireless signal host 20 is a long-distance wireless communication device, and includes a signal host antenna 11, a signal host power management control unit 12, a signal host control unit 13, a wireless rf charging unit 14, and a signal host wireless communication unit 15, where the signal host control unit 13, the signal host power management control unit 12, and the signal host wireless communication unit 15 are respectively connected, the signal host power management control unit 12 is connected with the wireless rf charging unit 14, and the wireless rf charging unit 14 is connected with the signal host antenna 11.
The signal host antenna 11 comprises two groups of antennas, namely a 915Mhz antenna and a 2.4Ghz antenna, wherein the transmitting power of the antennas is respectively 30dbm and 0dbm, and the receiving sensitivity is respectively-20 dbm and-91 dbm. The frequency of the electromagnetic wave supplying energy is 915Mhz, and the frequency of the wireless communication module is 2.4 Ghz. The 915Mhz antenna is capable of radiating radio-electromagnetic waves directionally and is received and stored by the monitoring module 10. The 2.4G antenna and the wireless communication unit 15 of the signal host connected with the antenna can realize wireless communication between the monitoring module 10 and the wireless signal host 20. The signal host control unit 13 sends the received encrypted digital signal to the wireless access host 30, and the communication distance between the wireless signal hosts 20 is 200 meters at most, so the wireless signal hosts 20 are long-distance communication realized by a multi-hop technology and a data forwarding mechanism. As can be seen, the wireless signal host 20 implements encryption of communication with the monitoring module 10 and encryption of communication data between the wireless signal host 20.
The signal host power management control unit 12 is configured to control the wireless power output of the wireless rf charging unit 14, a power amplification circuit is built in the wireless rf charging unit 14, and is configured to provide power to the 915Mhz antenna of the signal host antenna 11, and the 915Mhz antenna is a high-gain directional antenna, so that the 915Mhz antenna can provide wireless electromagnetic wave power to the monitoring module 10 embedded in the track plate 44. In practical use, the sensing distance between the wireless signal host 20 and the monitoring module 10 is 12 meters, and the sensing distance between the monitoring module 10 and the track slab 44 is 8 meters after the monitoring module is embedded in the concrete.
As shown in fig. 3, the wireless access host 30 is a wireless communication device, and includes an access host antenna 21, an access host power management control unit 22, an access host control unit 23, a remote wireless communication unit 24, and a local wireless communication unit 25, where the access host control unit 23 is connected to the access host power management control unit 22, the remote wireless communication unit 24, and the local wireless communication unit 25, and the access host power management control unit 22 is connected to the access host antenna 21.
The access host antenna 21 comprises a mobile communication 4G antenna and a 2.4G antenna, the 4G antenna can realize data uploading in northbound remote communication, and the remote wireless communication unit 24 is in a 4G/CAT1 standard and is connected with the 4G antenna to realize data communication to a cloud server. The 2.4G antenna and the local wireless communication unit 25 can realize wireless communication between the wireless access host 30 and the wireless signal host 20, and the local wireless communication unit 25 can realize local micro-power networking. The access host control unit 23 implements data encryption for local and remote wireless communications.
As shown in fig. 4, a micropower wireless networking communication protocol is adopted between the wireless signal host 20 and the monitoring module 10, the communication protocol is divided into 4 layers, a physical layer, a link layer, a network layer and a transmission layer, the physical layer adopts a GFSK modulation mode and has a communication rate of 1MBPS, the link layer follows the ieee802.15.4 technical standard, the network layer is an autonomously developed micropower wireless networking communication protocol, and the transmission layer is a real data channel.
In the high-speed rail specification, the distance between the wireless signal host 20 and the monitoring module 10 is 1 meter as short as possible and 5-6 meters as long as possible, and no equipment or lines are allowed in the distance range, so that the safety hazard problem is solved. In addition, the monitoring module 10 is characterized in that the track plate 44 is prefabricated in the concrete during the factory production, so that the safety of the high-speed rail line is not affected.
The communication between the wireless signal host and the wireless signal host, and the communication between the wireless signal host 20 and the wireless access host 30 also conform to the micropower wireless networking protocol, and the northbound communication of the wireless access host 30 adopts the 4G/5G remote communication technical standard.
As shown in fig. 5, the wireless access host 30 may perform micro-power networking communication with the wireless signal host 20, or may communicate with the cloud server 40, and one wireless access host 30 may perform networking on 500 wireless signal hosts 20, and may cover signal hosts within a distance of 1000 meters through a multi-hop technology and a data forwarding mechanism.
As shown in fig. 6, a crash wall 41 is arranged on the outermost side of the track, a concrete sealing layer 42 is arranged between a concrete base 43 and the crash wall 41, and a track plate 44 is laid on the concrete base 43. The monitoring module 10 is built in the concrete of the track slab 44, the monitoring module 10 has no battery, the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the wireless signal host 20 is required to provide energy, the energy is received by the monitoring module antenna 2 of the monitoring module 10, the frequency selection and the voltage multiplication amplification are carried out under the action of the module electric energy management control unit 3, the energy is rectified and limited, and finally the energy is driven to the storage capacitor, then the data acquisition and the communication are started under the control of the monitoring module control unit 7, when the electric energy consumption of the capacitor is below a certain threshold value, the monitoring module control unit 7 disconnects the data acquisition and the communication, and a charging cycle is restarted.
Through the wireless signal host 20 and the monitoring module 10, the high-speed rail forbidden zone can be completely wireless, and in addition, the monitoring module 10 is already internally provided with concrete when the track slab is produced in a factory, so that no external equipment is added in the high-speed rail forbidden zone, the complete wireless is realized, and the actual engineering requirements are met.
In the invention, in a control chip of the monitoring module 10, all units of the monitoring module 10 are welded on a PCB (printed circuit board), a module electric energy management control unit 3 is a wireless energy acquisition chip with the model of RK100, the chip has the functions of carrying out voltage doubling amplification, rectification, amplitude limiting and shaping on a tiny electromagnetic signal received by an antenna and finally driving a ceramic capacitor to charge, in addition, the RK100 chip can also continuously monitor the voltage of the ceramic capacitor, and when the voltage exceeds a certain threshold value, a power switch of a sensor signal processing unit 4 is turned on to realize data acquisition; the sensor signal processing unit 4 is a signal conditioning chip AD698, the chip comprises analog processing circuits such as a low-noise signal amplifier, a high-order band-pass filter, a voltage comparator and the like, and the analog processing circuits are characterized in that the power consumption is lower than that of a general circuit by more than 20 percent, so that the aim of reducing the energy consumption is fulfilled; the main chip of the wireless radio frequency communication unit 6 is a 2.4G communication chip with the model of Si24R1, the physical layer and the link layer of the chip are based on the IEEE802.15.4 technical standard, the network layer adopts a self-developed micropower communication networking protocol DEPLUS4.0, the wireless radio frequency communication unit 6 and the signal host wireless communication unit 15 are used in pairs and communicate and follow the same protocol; the monitoring module control unit 7 main chip is a micro-power consumption processor, model STM8L151, the maximum 24MHz of working frequency and the standby power consumption lower than 0.8 uA.
In the wireless signal host 20, a main chip of a signal host control unit 13 is a micro-power consumption processor, the model of the micro-power consumption processor is STM8L151, the maximum working frequency is 24MHz, and the standby power consumption is lower than 0.8 uA; the wireless radio frequency charging unit 14 comprises a radio frequency signal source chip ADF4351 and a radio frequency power amplification chip YP3236, the ADF4351 is communicated with the signal host control unit 13 through an SPI bus, a carrier frequency of 600MHz-1.2GHz (default 915MHz) can be generated, power amplification is carried out through the YP3236, 25dbm is output, and the antenna radiation is carried out; the main chip of the signal host wireless communication unit 15 is a 2.4G communication chip with the model of Si24R1, the physical layer and the link layer of the chip are based on the IEEE802.15.4 technical standard, and the network layer adopts a self-developed micropower communication networking protocol DEPLUS 4.0.
In the wireless access host 30, the access host control unit 23 is a self-developed core control board, a core control board processor is T3, a memory is 1GB, and an operating system LINUX4.19 kernel version; the remote wireless communication unit 24 is a 3GPP 4G/CAT 1-based remote communication module in the communication industry standard, and the uplink and downlink communication rate can reach 10 Mbps; the main chip of the local wireless communication unit 25 is a 2.4G communication chip with the model of Si24R1, the physical layer and the link layer of the chip are based on the IEEE802.15.4 technical standard, the network layer adopts a self-developed micropower communication networking protocol DEPLUS4.0, and the local wireless communication unit can communicate with a signal host of an accessory, collect data of a monitoring module and finally upload the data to a remote server through the remote wireless communication unit 24.
As shown in fig. 7, the wireless signal host 20 includes a signal host power management control unit 12, the wireless access host 30 includes an access host power management control unit 22, which correspond to the power management control unit 50, the power management control unit 50 includes a solar panel 51, a power management unit 52 and a rechargeable battery 53, and the solar panel 51 is connected to the rechargeable battery 53 through the power management unit 52. The electric energy management unit 52 is a set of solar charging control circuit, and mainly functions to convert solar energy into electric energy and charge the electric energy to the lithium iron phosphate battery to supply power to the signal host or the access host, and the control circuit also has functions of charging protection, power switch control and the like.
The solar panel 51 is required to provide electric energy, the rechargeable battery 53 is charged under the control of the electric energy management unit 52, when the electric energy management control unit 50 reaches a certain electric quantity, network communication is automatically started, a network command is received, an instruction for acquiring data of the monitoring module 10 is executed, the data is transmitted to the wireless access host 30 through a communication link between the wireless signal hosts 20, and finally the data is transmitted to the cloud server 40.
The passive wireless real-time online monitoring system device for the high-speed rail track slab can upload the measured data of the physical parameters of the track slab to the cloud server in a wireless mode, is low in power consumption, realizes complete wireless, meets the actual engineering requirements, does not influence the safety of the high-speed rail track line, is reasonable in structure, accurate in data transmission, saves the time of manual inspection, and improves the safety and usability.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a real-time on-line monitoring system device of passive wireless high-speed rail railway board which characterized in that: the system comprises a monitoring module, a wireless signal host and a wireless access host, wherein the monitoring module is implanted into the concrete of the track slab when the track slab is produced and manufactured in a factory, and is provided with a stress sensitive element used for measuring a physical parameter wireless signal host of the track slab; the wireless signal host computer carries out wireless charging for the monitoring module assembly, the monitoring module assembly passes through the wireless signal host computer and gives wireless access host computer with data transmission, the monitoring module assembly antenna of monitoring module assembly includes 915M antenna and 2.4G antenna, is used for the directional radio magnetic wave who receives the wireless signal host computer and send respectively, and realizes the wireless communication of monitoring module assembly and wireless signal host computer.
2. The passive wireless real-time online monitoring system device for the high-speed rail track board according to claim 1, wherein: the monitoring module comprises a monitoring module shell, wherein a control chip, a monitoring module antenna and a stress sensitive element which are respectively connected with the control chip are arranged in the monitoring module shell, and the control chip comprises a monitoring module control unit, and a module electric energy management control unit, a sensor signal processing unit and a wireless radio frequency communication unit which are respectively connected with the monitoring module control unit; the module electric energy management control unit is connected with a 915M antenna of the monitoring module antenna, the wireless radio frequency communication unit is connected with a 2.4G antenna of the monitoring module antenna, and the sensor signal processing unit is connected with the stress sensitive element.
3. The passive wireless real-time online monitoring system device for the high-speed rail track board according to claim 1, wherein: the stress sensing element is integrated with a plurality of passive sensor sensing structural parts, including temperature, humidity, bridge type deformation, a vibrating wire type strain gauge, a piezoelectric type vibration sensor and an MEMS accelerometer.
4. The passive wireless real-time online monitoring system device for the high-speed rail track board according to claim 1, wherein: the module electric energy management control unit receives the wireless electromagnetic waves by using the wireless energy acquisition circuit, rectifies and limits the amplitude after voltage doubling amplification, and stores the electric energy in the capacitor.
5. The passive wireless real-time online monitoring system device for the high-speed rail track board according to claim 1, wherein: the wireless signal host comprises a signal host antenna, a signal host electric energy management control unit, a signal host control unit, a wireless radio frequency energy charging unit and a signal host wireless communication unit, wherein the signal host control unit is respectively connected with the signal host electric energy management control unit and the signal host wireless communication unit, the signal host electric energy management control unit is connected with the wireless radio frequency energy charging unit, and the wireless radio frequency energy charging unit is connected with the signal host antenna.
6. The passive wireless real-time online monitoring system device for the high-speed rail track board according to claim 5, wherein: the signal host antenna comprises two groups of antennas, namely a 915Mhz antenna and a 2.4Ghz antenna, wherein the 915Mhz antenna can directionally radiate wireless electromagnetic waves and is received and stored by the monitoring module; the 2.4G antenna and the signal host wireless communication unit connected with the antenna can realize wireless communication between the monitoring module and the wireless signal host and wireless communication between the wireless signal hosts.
7. The passive wireless real-time online monitoring system device for the high-speed rail track board according to claim 1, wherein: the wireless access host comprises an access host antenna, an access host electric energy management control unit, an access host control unit, a remote wireless communication unit and a local wireless communication unit, wherein the access host control unit is respectively connected with the access host electric energy management control unit, the remote wireless communication unit and the local wireless communication unit, and the access host electric energy management control unit is connected with the access host antenna.
8. The passive wireless real-time online monitoring system device for the high-speed rail track board according to claim 7, wherein: the access host antenna comprises a mobile communication 4G antenna and a 2.4G antenna, the 4G antenna can realize remote communication to upload data and is connected with the remote wireless communication unit; the 2.4G antenna is connected with the local wireless communication unit, wireless communication between the wireless access host and the wireless signal host is achieved, and local micro-power networking can be achieved through the local wireless communication unit.
9. The passive wireless real-time online monitoring system device for the high-speed rail track board according to claim 1, wherein: the wireless access host can be communicated with the wireless signal host in a micro-power networking mode and also can be communicated with a cloud server, one wireless access host can be used for networking 500 wireless signal hosts, and the wireless access host can cover the signal hosts within a distance of 1000 meters through a multi-hop technology and a data forwarding mechanism.
10. The passive wireless real-time online monitoring system device for the high-speed rail track board according to claim 1, wherein: the wireless signal host and the wireless access host are both provided with an electric energy management control unit, the electric energy management control unit comprises a solar cell panel, an electric energy management unit and a rechargeable battery, and the solar cell panel is connected with the rechargeable battery through the electric energy management unit.
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