Fire pump with adjustable partition tongue and adjusting method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fire pumps, in particular to a fire pump with an adjustable isolating tongue and an adjusting method thereof.
Background
The fire-fighting system is an important implementation of life and property safety of people, and is widely applied to various places such as shopping malls, office buildings, factories, residential buildings and the like. The fire pump is an essential important component of a fire-fighting system, and when a fire disaster occurs, the fire pump is started in an emergency, and a large amount of water is supplied for fire extinguishing. People generally adopt a centrifugal pump as a fire pump, when the fire pump is designed, the highest efficiency point of the fire pump is usually taken as a rated flow point of the fire pump, and meanwhile, the rated flow point is taken as a standard working condition for operation to develop a hydraulic model and structural design, and a series of performance indexes such as the lift, the efficiency, the necessary cavitation allowance, the vibration intensity and the like of the fire pump under the rated flow point are fully ensured.
However, when the fire pump is actually used, the first principle of the fire pump is to save lives and properties of people and quickly deliver water to extinguish fire at all costs, so that the fire pump often has to work in an off-rated flow range when the fire pump is in a fire extinguishing site. Especially, the fire pump is often used for delivering water to a high building or the like to extinguish fire, and in order to provide a sufficiently high lift, an outlet pipeline valve of the fire pump needs to be controlled to be in a small opening degree so that the fire pump can work at a low-flow working point which is far away from a rated flow point. When the fire pump operates at a small flow point, compared with a rated flow point, the flow is rapidly reduced due to the fact that the cross section area of a flow channel through which water flows in the fire pump is unchanged, the flow form inside the fire pump is deteriorated, more unsteady-state flow phenomena such as boundary layer separation, vortex and jet flow are generated, impact load of the water flow on an impeller and a shell of the fire pump is aggravated, hydraulic efficiency is reduced, vibration intensity of a rotor component is increased, safety and stability performance of operation of the fire pump are remarkably reduced, and great hidden danger is brought to fire fighting work.
A large number of research documents show that the unsteadiness of the internal flow of centrifugal pumps such as fire pumps depends to a large extent on the dynamic and static interference behavior between the rotating impeller and the fixed volute partition tongue, i.e. the optimal impeller and partition tongue spacing is corresponded to at various operating flow rates. However, in various known technical solutions, the relative position of the diaphragm and the impeller of the fire pump cannot be adjusted, which causes that the fire pump cannot simultaneously ensure the operation stability under the rated flow condition and the low flow condition.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a fire pump with an adjustable partition tongue and an adjustment scheme thereof, and ensure stability, reliability, wide applicability and controllable cost, aiming at the defects of the prior known technical scheme and considering various operating condition requirements such as rated flow and small flow of the fire pump, so as to improve the stability and reliability of the fire pump under the small flow operating condition.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a fire pump with an adjustable isolating tongue and an adjusting method thereof.
According to one aspect of the present invention, the technical solution to the above problem is:
a fire pump with an adjustable partition tongue is characterized by comprising a volute provided with the partition tongue and an impeller positioned in the volute; the device is characterized in that a through hole which is communicated with the inside and the outside of the volute is arranged in the isolating tongue, and an adjusting device is arranged in the through hole; the adjusting device is connected with a switching device; the switching device is connected with a plurality of pressure sampling pipes; each pressure sampling pipe is provided with a gate valve and is communicated with the volute at different positions to obtain different pressures.
Furthermore, the adjusting device consists of an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder and a telescopic bag which is arranged between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder and provided with an opening at the outer side of the volute, wherein flange plates are arranged at the outer side of the volute of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, a gasket for compressing the telescopic bag is arranged between the flange plates of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the flange plates of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are fastened and sealed by bolts and gaskets.
Furthermore, one end of the adapter is provided with a flange, the other end of the adapter is in a closed state, the flange of the adapter and the flange of the adjusting device are sealed through bolts, and a sealing gasket is arranged between the flange of the adapter and the flange of the adjusting device.
Furthermore, a connecting line between the closest point on the partition tongue to the center of the impeller and the center of the impeller is taken, the rotating direction of the impeller is taken as an angle increasing direction, and an included angle between the connecting line between the pressure taking position of the pressure taking pipe on the volute and the center of the impeller and the connecting line between the closest point on the partition tongue to the center of the impeller and the center of the impeller is larger than 270 degrees.
Furthermore, the outer cylinder and the pressure tapping pipe of the adjusting device are connected and sealed with the volute in a welding mode, and the pressure tapping pipe and the switching device are connected and sealed in a welding mode.
Furthermore, the diameter of the through hole of the isolating tongue is between 5 and 15mm, the through hole of the isolating tongue is in clearance fit with the outer cylinder of the adjusting device and the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder of the adjusting device, the clearance between the through hole of the isolating tongue and the outer cylinder of the adjusting device is between 0.02mm and 0.2mm, and the clearance between the outer cylinder of the adjusting device and the inner cylinder is between 0.5mm and 2 mm.
Further, the initial thickness of the flexible bag when the flexible bag is not acted by external pressure is 0.4 mm-1.5 mm, and the flexible bag is made of rubber or latex materials which can be stretched and expanded under pressure and can be shaped and customized.
Furthermore, each pressure taking pipe takes pressure from different positions of the volute, and the pressure taken at each volute pressure taking position is different and is greater than or equal to the pressure at the position of the diaphragm.
According to another aspect of the invention, the adjusting method for the fire pump with the adjustable partition tongue is characterized in that only the gate valves of 1 pressure sampling pipe are opened and the other gate valves are kept in a closed state during each adjustment.
Furthermore, the pressure tapping pipe gate valve that corresponds under the different flows of fire pump is confirmed through experimental test in advance, gets to satisfy lift and efficiency requirement and the scheme that main shaft bearing vibration intensity is minimum under this flow and opens the scheme for pressure tapping pipe gate valve.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the expansion degree of the telescopic bag is adjusted through arranging the telescopic bag at the partition tongue of the volute of the fire pump and adjusting the expansion degree of the telescopic bag through different pressure levels, so that the partition tongue adjustment in the operation process of the fire pump is realized, the size and the extension size of the partition tongue can be adjusted as required, the distance between the partition tongue and the impeller is changed, the flow cross section of a flow passage in the volute of the fire pump is further changed, the efficiency of the fire pump under a small-flow working condition is finally improved, and the operation stability of the fire pump under the small-flow working condition is obviously improved.
2. The invention takes pressure from different positions of the fire pump volute, realizes a series of size adjustment of the telescopic bag by the pressure difference between the pressure taking pipe inside the telescopic bag and the volute tongue outside the telescopic bag, does not need to use extra external facilities, does not consume extra external power, and has the advantages of simple structure, stability and reliability.
3. The fire pump with the adjustable partition tongue can be transformed on the basis of the original fire pump, the transformation is simple and easy to implement, the influence on the original pump is small, the corresponding adjusting method is simple, reliable, safe and stable, and the shape of the telescopic bag is easy to customize according to the appearance of the partition tongue of the original pump so as to achieve the effects of smooth modeling transition and small influence on the hydraulic performance of the pump.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the fire pump with adjustable isolation tongue of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the fire pump adjusting device with an adjustable partition tongue according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the components of the fire pump adjusting device and the communicating device with adjustable isolation tongues of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the fire pump with the adjustable partition tongue comprises a volute 1 provided with a partition tongue 3, and an impeller 2 positioned in the volute 1; it is characterized in that a through hole which is communicated with the inside and the outside of the volute is arranged in the partition tongue 3, and an adjusting device 4 is arranged in the through hole; the adjusting device 4 is connected with a switching device 5; the switching device 5 is connected with a plurality of pressure sampling pipes 7; each pressure sampling pipe 7 is provided with a gate valve 6 and is communicated with different positions of the volute to obtain different pressures.
As shown in fig. 2, the adjusting device 4 is composed of an outer cylinder 43, an inner cylinder 42 and a telescopic bag 42 which is arranged between the outer cylinder 43 and the inner cylinder 42 and is provided with an opening at the outer side of the volute 1, a flange is arranged at the outer side of the volute of the outer cylinder 43 and the inner cylinder 42, a first gasket 45 for compressing the telescopic bag 42 is arranged between the flange of the outer cylinder 43 and the flange of the inner cylinder, and the flange of the outer cylinder 43 and the flange of the inner cylinder are fastened and sealed by a bolt 47 and the first gasket 45.
As shown in fig. 3, a flange is provided at one end of the adapter, and the other end is in a closed state, the flange of the adapter and the flange of the adjusting device are sealed by a bolt 8 and a nut 9, and a second gasket 47 for sealing is provided therebetween.
As shown in fig. 1, the impeller in fig. 1 rotates counterclockwise, a connection line between the nearest point Z on the separation tongue from the center of the impeller and the center O of the impeller is taken, the rotation direction of the impeller is taken as an angle increasing direction, and included angles between connection lines between the positions A, B and C of the pressure tapping pipe on the volute, the center of the impeller, and the connection line between the nearest point on the separation tongue from the center of the impeller and the center of the impeller, namely < ZOA, < ZOB and < ZOC, are all greater than 270 °.
The outer cylinder 43 and the pressure tapping pipe 7 of the adjusting device 4 are connected and sealed with the volute 1 in a welding mode, and the pressure tapping pipe 7 and the switching device 5 are connected and sealed in a welding mode.
The diameter of the through hole of the isolating tongue 3 is between 5mm and 15mm, the isolating tongue through hole is in clearance fit with the outer cylinder 43 of the adjusting device 4 and the outer cylinder 43 and the inner cylinder 42 of the adjusting device 4, the clearance between the isolating tongue through hole and the outer cylinder 43 of the adjusting device 4 is between 0.02mm and 0.2mm, and the clearance between the outer cylinder 43 and the inner cylinder 42 of the adjusting device 4 is between 0.5mm and 2 mm.
The initial thickness of the flexible bag 41 when not under the external pressure is 0.4 mm-1.5 mm, and the flexible bag 41 is made of rubber or latex material which can be stretched and expanded under pressure and can be shaped and customized.
Each pressure taking pipe 7 takes pressure from different positions of the volute 1, and the pressure taken at each volute pressure taking position is different and is greater than or equal to the pressure at the position of the diaphragm.
The adjusting method of the fire pump with the adjustable partition tongue is characterized in that only the gate valves 6 of 1 pressure sampling pipe 7 are opened and other gate valves are kept in a closed state during each adjustment.
The pressure pipe gate valve that corresponds under the different flow is opened, confirms through experimental test in advance, gets to satisfy lift and efficiency requirement and the scheme that main shaft bearing vibration intensity is minimum under this flow and opens the scheme for pressure pipe gate valve.
Examples
A fire pump driven by a motor and having a rated flow, a rated lift and a rated rotation speed of 600m3H, 100m and 1480 r/min. The original pump has lower efficiency and violent vibration under the working condition of small flow, and has larger potential safety hazard. Working condition with 0.3 times rated flow, namely flow 180m3For example, when the bearing operates in a per hour mode, the measured lift is 162m, the efficiency is 53 percent, and the vibration intensity of the horizontal radial direction and the vertical radial direction of the bearing at the driving end is 7.5mm/s and 6.8mm/s respectively. The fire pump is transformed into a form with adjustable partition tongue, the shape of the telescopic bag is approximate to an ellipsoid shape so as to keep a smooth transition effect with the original partition tongue structure, A, B, C pressure taking holes are newly arranged, the angle ZOA, the angle ZOB and the angle ZOC are respectively 285 degrees, 300 degrees and 330 degrees, and when the fire pump with adjustable partition tongue is used for a fire pump with 180m3When the flow is operated under the flow working condition,/h, the pressure taking pipe valve corresponding to the pressure taking hole A is opened, other pressure taking pipe valves are maintained to be in a closed state, the measured lift is 160m, the efficiency is 59%, and the horizontal radial vibration intensity and the vertical radial vibration intensity of the bearing at the driving end are respectively 5.7mm/s and 4.3 mm/s. The fact shows that after the fire pump is transformed into a mode that the isolating tongue is adjustable, the lift value under the working condition of low flow rate is almost unchanged, but the efficiency value is obviously increased, and the vibration intensity of the bearing is obviously reduced. The operation efficiency and the stability of the fire pump with the adjustable separation tongue in the embodiment are greatly improved.
According to the fire pump with the adjustable partition tongue and the adjusting method thereof, the unsteady state phenomenon and the influence on the operation stability of the fire pump when the fire pump operates at a small flow are fully considered, the size and the extension size of the partition tongue of the telescopic bag which can be adjusted along with the internal and external pressure difference are designed, the expansion degree of the telescopic bag can be changed according to the requirements of different flow points so as to adjust the distance between the partition tongue and an impeller and the flow passage area in a volute, the flow state when the fire pump operates at a small flow point is effectively improved, the operation stability indexes such as the efficiency of the fire pump and the vibration intensity of a bearing are improved, and the influence on other performance indexes such as the lift of the fire pump is very small. Meanwhile, the internal and external pressure difference of the telescopic bag is adjusted by obtaining different pressures from different positions of the fire pump volute, so that the device does not depend on other external facilities and power, and is reliable, stable and good in economical efficiency. Therefore, the fire pump with the adjustable partition tongue and the adjusting method thereof provided by the embodiment not only realize partition tongue adjustment under a low-flow working condition of the fire pump so as to improve the efficiency and the operation stability of the fire pump, but also have a series of outstanding advantages of simple structure, stability, reliability, convenience in operation, low cost, convenience in modification on the basis of an original pump of the fire pump and the like.