CN113294062B - Waterproof construction method for window - Google Patents
Waterproof construction method for window Download PDFInfo
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- CN113294062B CN113294062B CN202110557879.XA CN202110557879A CN113294062B CN 113294062 B CN113294062 B CN 113294062B CN 202110557879 A CN202110557879 A CN 202110557879A CN 113294062 B CN113294062 B CN 113294062B
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Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B1/00—Border constructions of openings in walls, floors, or ceilings; Frames to be rigidly mounted in such openings
- E06B1/56—Fastening frames to the border of openings or to similar contiguous frames
- E06B1/60—Fastening frames to the border of openings or to similar contiguous frames by mechanical means, e.g. anchoring means
- E06B1/6015—Anchoring means
- E06B1/6038—Anchoring means specially adapted for being embedded in the wall
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/7654—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising an insulating layer, disposed between two longitudinal supporting elements, e.g. to insulate ceilings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B1/00—Border constructions of openings in walls, floors, or ceilings; Frames to be rigidly mounted in such openings
- E06B1/56—Fastening frames to the border of openings or to similar contiguous frames
- E06B1/58—Fastening frames to the border of openings or to similar contiguous frames by filling up the joints, e.g. by cementing
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B1/00—Border constructions of openings in walls, floors, or ceilings; Frames to be rigidly mounted in such openings
- E06B1/62—Tightening or covering joints between the border of openings and the frame or between contiguous frames
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/90—Passive houses; Double facade technology
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a waterproof construction method for a window, which belongs to the field of building construction and comprises the following steps: fixing the window and forming a gap; an elastic support rod is plugged into the gap to form an outer filling space; filling flexible sealing material in the outer filling space; the cohesiveness waterproof layer completely seals the gap; and extending the heat-insulating layer of the outer wall to the surface of the adhesive waterproof layer, and the like, wherein an elastic support rod and a flexible sealing material which are not dry-bonded and cracked are adopted in a gap between the window and the concrete wall, and the cracking defect of the heat-insulating layer is eliminated by using the adhesive waterproof layer, so that the problem that the sealing material is dry-bonded and cracked is maximally inhibited in the waterproof construction of the window, and the waterproof effect is improved. On the other hand, through the effects of flexible support, flexible filling and flexible bonding, the impact on the concrete wall body in the installation process of the window is effectively reduced, and the concrete wall body and the outer side heat insulation layer are protected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of building construction, in particular to a waterproof construction method for a window.
Background
In the installation of the window in the commercial housing building and the installation and construction of the window, the combination of the frame made of the metal material and the wall made of the concrete material is the most common. Due to the fact that the difference of the material characteristics of metal and concrete is large, the two ends of the gap are difficult to be completely combined together by the material for filling the gap, and the gap is not completely blocked. The window is generally used for separating indoor and outdoor connections, the incomplete plugging of the gap between the window and the concrete wall body can cause outdoor moist moisture to permeate into the indoor space, and even if the gap is a very fine crack, a leakage channel can be formed after a long time, so that the indoor concrete wall body is affected with damp, and indoor decoration is damaged. For example, wall paper, putty, etc. on the wall, once the wall is affected with damp, the decoration at the position is easy to go moldy, change color and even fall off, which brings great trouble to the daily life of the residents. Once such leakage occurs, it is difficult to repair the leakage from the indoor rear surface alone, the repair cost is high, and the leakage cannot be fundamentally solved, so that it is very important to perform a good waterproof construction when installing a window.
The traditional waterproof construction method comprises the following steps: the space between the window and the concrete wall is filled with waterproof mortar, and then the outer surface is coated with waterproof paint. This method has a drawback in that the waterproof mortar is easily shrunk to form minute cracks after it is solidified, and a leakage path is inevitably formed. When the waterproof coating is coated, the interior of the waterproof mortar is not completely dried, so that the waterproof coating cannot completely eliminate possible generated micro cracks. Moreover, the waterproof coating is located on the surface of the outer wall, and is directly exposed to sunlight, high temperature and humidity, which is not beneficial to the service life of the waterproof coating to a certain extent. Meanwhile, rigid connection is formed between the window and the wall body in the waterproof mode, and the rigid connection has the defect that impact force on the window can be directly transmitted to the concrete wall body during waterproof construction, so that the vibration of the wall body easily causes the heat insulation layer attached to the outer wall to fall off, and even destroys other constructed waterproof layers. In addition to the combination of waterproof mortar and waterproof paint, the existing method also adopts a waterproof process of filling with a polyurethane foaming agent, but the polyurethane foaming agent also has the problem of unavoidable shrinkage, which results in poor continuity effect of the polyurethane foaming agent and the polyurethane foaming agent cannot be secondarily constructed and filled. Because secondary construction cannot be carried out, the polyurethane foaming agent cannot be damaged after being formed, otherwise, the polyurethane foaming agent cannot be repaired, and the requirement on a cross construction operation site is high. As the expanded polyurethane foaming agent is cured, the volume of the expanded polyurethane foaming agent shrinks, and the volume of the shrunk polyurethane foaming agent decreases, so that new gaps are exposed in the gaps which are completely filled, and the waterproof effect cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, the existing waterproof construction methods for windows have defects, and a filling material which can fully combine gaps formed by two different materials, namely a window frame and concrete, and can avoid dry shrinkage and cracking is needed to realize a better waterproof effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome at least one defect of the prior art, and provides a waterproof construction method for a window, which is used for solving the problem of poor effect of the existing waterproof construction method between a metal window and a concrete wall body and achieving the technical effects of eliminating cracking of the traditional filling material after drying and improving the waterproof quality.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the waterproof construction method of the window comprises a concrete wall body with a reserved hole and an insulating layer on the outer side and the window with a window frame, and comprises the following steps: s1, placing the window in the reserved hole of the window, connecting the window frame around the window with the concrete wall through a fixing piece to form fixation, and generating a certain gap between the periphery of the window frame and the concrete wall; s2, inserting an elastic support rod from the outer side of the concrete wall, wherein the elastic support rod is supported between the window frame and the concrete wall, and a circle of flexible support is formed in the gap; the elastic supporting rod is abutted against the fixing piece; the gap is divided into an outer filling space and an inner filling space by the elastic support rod; s3, filling flexible sealing material into the outer filling space through the gap, so that the flexible sealing material is filled into the outer filling space and is bonded with the elastic support rod into a whole; s4, after the surface of the flexible sealing material is dried, covering a cohesive waterproof layer from the window frame to the concrete wall, and completely closing the gap by the cohesive waterproof layer; and S5, after the adhesive waterproof layer is covered, extending the heat-insulating layer of the outer wall to the surface of the adhesive waterproof layer, wherein the extending part of the heat-insulating layer completely covers the position of the gap and is adhered to the adhesive waterproof layer into a whole.
The elastic support rod and the flexible sealing material which can not be dried and cracked are adopted in the gap between the window frame and the concrete wall, the elastic support rod plays a role of flexible support in the gap, construction is convenient, and the injection amount of the flexible sealing material can be further controlled in the gap. If the elastic support rod is lacked, the filling amount of the flexible sealing material in the gap is not easy to control, and the flexible sealing material is easily filled insufficiently or excessively in actual construction. The leakage is easily caused due to the insufficient filling, and the waterproof effect of the whole structure is greatly weakened; excessive filling can cause excess flexible sealing material to spill directly from the inside of the window, resulting in waste. And the elastic support rod can also provide an extrusion surface for the flexible sealing material, so that the flexible sealing material can be further compacted in subsequent construction. The adhesive waterproof layer mainly plays a role in waterproofing, and due to good adhesion, a protective layer which completely shields the flexible sealing material can be formed on the surface of the gap, so that the waterproof effect of the structure is further improved. Further through the combination of flexible support, flexible filling and cohesiveness waterproof layer, the impact of the construction process to the concrete wall body in the window waterproof construction is effectively reduced, and the concrete wall body and the outer side heat-insulating layer thereof are protected.
According to the technical scheme, the elastic supporting rod is a polymer foam round rod, and the diameter of the polymer foam round rod is larger than the gap and clings to the fixing piece. The polymer foam round bar has the advantages of good rebound resilience, aging resistance, corrosion resistance, low cost and the like as a novel building material, is more suitable for being used in a waterproof sealing environment compared with a common elastic supporting bar, has a diameter larger than that of a round bar in a gap, and is more convenient to construct compared with a square shape or a plate material.
In the technical scheme, in step S2, before the elastic support rod is inserted into the gap from the outside of the concrete wall, the method further comprises the following steps: and pre-cleaning the gap, and smearing an interface treating agent in the gap. The cross-section treating agent is coated to isolate dust on the surface of the concrete wall and enhance the adhesion of the weather-resistant sealant and a wall base layer when the subsequent weather-resistant sealant is filled. The interface with dust affects the effect of the flexible sealing material, so that the sealing effect is improved, and the combination of the flexible sealing material and the interface treating agent is better than the direct combination with the concrete surface.
The technical scheme is that one surface of the adhesive waterproof layer is provided with glue, and the other surface of the adhesive waterproof layer is provided with sand; one side with the adhesive is used for bonding a flexible sealing material; and the surface with the sand is used for bonding the heat-insulating layer. The surface of the flexible sealing material which is conventionally flattened and dried, or the surface of the window frame provides a good attachment carrier for the adhesive waterproof layer no matter the surface of the concrete coated with the interface treating agent, so that the adhesive waterproof layer can be stably attached to the surfaces of the concrete coated with the interface treating agent, the flexible sealing material and the window frame through the surface with the adhesive, and the stable attachment and combination of the heat-insulating layer are further realized through the surface with the sand of the adhesive waterproof layer.
In the technical scheme, in step S4, before the step of covering the adhesive waterproof layer from the window frame to the concrete wall, the method further comprises the following steps: and (3) coating waterproof paint for enhancing the waterproof effect of the gap on the surface of the flexible sealing material after surface drying. The waterproof sealing performance of the flexible sealing material on the surface of the gap is further improved, and the overall sealing performance is better.
In the technical scheme, in the step S2, after the gap is divided into an outer filling space and an inner filling space by the elastic support rod, the method further includes the following steps: filling adhesive filling agents into the inner filling space from the inner side of the concrete wall until the inner filling space is filled; the adhesive filler wraps the fixing piece and is connected with the elastic supporting rod. The bonding filler is used for filling the inner filling space, so that the gap is completely filled, the window frame is further fixed, the fixation of the window is stabilized to a certain degree, and the waterproof effect is enhanced.
In the technical scheme, in the step S5, the heat-insulating layer completely covers the surface of the adhesive waterproof layer, and a connecting plane is formed between the window frame and the concrete wall. Make the heat preservation of gap top and the former heat preservation of outer wall form an organic whole when pleasing to the eye, further prevent outdoor high temperature to the influence of seal structure in the gap.
The technical scheme is that the adhesive waterproof layer is a butyl adhesive tape. The butyl adhesive tape eliminates the problem of dry cracking of the heat-insulating layer, and enables the heat-insulating layer to be further connected with the flexible sealing material in the gap, the window frames on two sides of the gap and the concrete wall.
The technical scheme is that the flexible sealing material is a silicone weather-resistant sealant, and the waterproof coating is a polyurethane waterproof coating. The polyurethane waterproof coating not only has good combination effect with the butyl adhesive tape, but also can be combined with silicone weather-resistant sealant friendly. The polyurethane waterproof coating can be formed by additionally arranging a layer of waterproof layer with good adhesion property on the flexible sealing material and the surfaces of two sides of a gap, combining the silicone weather-resistant sealant with the surfaces of a window frame and a concrete wall body, and finally further combining the silicone weather-resistant sealant with a butyl rubber belt to form double-layer waterproof for covering the gap.
The technical scheme is that the heat-insulating layer is a vitrified micro bubble material layer. The vitrified micro bubbles can be well combined with the butyl adhesive tape into a whole, and the self characteristics of the butyl adhesive tape are utilized to make up for the defects of the vitrified micro bubbles.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the elastic support rod which does not need to be dried and the flexible sealing material which can not crack are used for gap filling, so that the problem that the traditional filling material is dried and shrunk to form tiny cracks to cause water failure is avoided; and through the combination of the adhesive waterproof layer and the heat-insulating layer, the problem of dry-junction cracking of the heat-insulating layer is solved, so that a stable and effective waterproof structure is formed in the gap and outside the gap. And the flexible support is formed in the gap by combining the elastic support rod and the flexible sealing material. The problem of when concrete wall and window frame rigid connection easily with impact force transmission to the heat preservation or other waterproof layers in the concrete wall outside, lead to the heat preservation to drop or other waterproof layers destroyed is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the construction method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an overall longitudinal cross-section of the invention after its practice.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary view of an overall longitudinal cross-section of the invention after practice.
Description of reference numerals: the concrete wall comprises a concrete wall body 001, a heat insulation layer 002, a flexible sealing material 003, an adhesive waterproof layer 004, an elastic support rod 005, a fixing member 006, an adhesive filling agent 007, a window frame 008, an outer filling space 100 and an inner filling space 200.
Detailed Description
The drawings are only for purposes of illustration and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. For the purpose of better illustrating the following embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the waterproof construction method for a window in this embodiment includes a concrete wall 001 with a reserved opening and an insulating layer 002 on the outer side of the window, and a window with a window frame 008, and includes the following steps: s1, placing the window in the reserved hole of the window, connecting the window frame 008 around the window with the concrete wall 001 through the fixing piece 006 to form fixation, and generating a certain gap between the periphery of the window frame 008 and the concrete wall 001; s2, inserting an elastic support rod 005 from the outer side of the concrete wall 001, wherein the elastic support rod 005 is supported between the window frame and the concrete wall 001, and a circle of flexible support is formed in a gap; the elastic support rod 005 abuts against the fixing member 006; the gap is partitioned into an outer filling space 100 and an inner filling space 200 by an elastic support rod 005. S3, after the window frame is completely fixed, filling flexible sealing material 003 into the outer filling space 100 through the gap, so that the flexible sealing material 003 fills the outer filling space 100 and is bonded with the elastic supporting rod 005 into a whole; s4, after the surface of the flexible sealing material 003 is dried, covering the adhesive waterproof layer 004 on the concrete wall 001 from the window frame 008, and completely closing the gap of the adhesive waterproof layer 004; and S5, after covering the adhesive waterproof layer 004, extending the heat-insulating layer 002 of the outer wall to the surface of the adhesive waterproof layer 004, completely shielding the position of the gap by the extending part of the heat-insulating layer 002, and bonding the heat-insulating layer 002 and the adhesive waterproof layer 004 into a whole.
The fixing member 006 is fixed to the window frame 008. The existing windows are generally divided into two types, one type is only a main frame, and only the main frame is installed when the window is installed, and glass is installed subsequently; in another example, the window has a main frame and a sub-frame, and the main frame is installed first when the glass is installed on the sub-frame and the window is installed. Then, whether the glass is subsequently installed in the window frame or the glass with the auxiliary frame touches the window frame 008 installed on the reserved opening of the window during installation, so that the position is changed, and the position of the window frame 008 is deflected.
As shown in figure 2, the reserved holes of different windows are matched according to different windows, and the sizes of gaps on the periphery of the windows are various. In the actual construction process, the width of the gap is generally uniformly distributed around the window frame, or at least two opposite gaps are consistent in width. In the present embodiment, if the gap is controllable, the width of the gap should be controlled to be between 15mm and 30mm, and the width of the gap is uniform.
In the indoor waterproof construction, outdoor water is mainly prevented from permeating into the indoor space, so that the elastic support rod 005 is plugged into the gap from the outer side of the concrete wall 001, and the elastic support rod 005 forms a first seal in the gap. The elastic support rod 005 has the advantages that the elastic support rod can take effect immediately without any curing, the problem that fine cracks are formed after the traditional cement mortar or foaming agent is dried is avoided, and the construction period is shortened to a certain extent. Since the elastic support rod 005 is completely sealed in the gap, it is friendly to the elastic support rod 005, and it is less likely that the elastic support rod 005 is aged or deteriorated.
The elastic support rods 005 provide a sufficient supporting force to the window frame 008 immediately after the insertion, so that the force of the window frame 008 to the fixing member 006 can be shared after the filling is completed. Especially after elastic support rod 005 contradicts mounting 006, mounting 006 bears the weight of window frame most preferentially to shift to elastic support rod 005 on, make in the follow-up construction, more laborsaving when mounting 006 adjusts.
As shown in fig. 3, due to the existence of the elastic support, the impact on the concrete wall 001 during the subsequent installation of the window is greatly reduced, the impact force is effectively avoided to cause the vibration of the heat-insulating layer 002 on the outer side of the concrete wall 001 to fall off or damage the waterproof layer on other positions of the concrete wall 001, and the heat-insulating layer 002 on the outer side and other original structures are protected. And further avoided window frame material, main body concrete material and outer wall insulation material three because of the material is different, received expend with heat and contract with cold and warp easily oppression or pull other materials, lead to the deformation of window waterproof layer to be destroyed, realized that the window limit waterproof layer effectively protects.
The outer filling space 100 refers to a space formed by extending one surface of the elastic support rod 005 facing the outer side of the concrete wall 001, two side surfaces in the gap, and one surface of the window frame 008 facing the outer side of the concrete wall 001 to shield the gap; the inner filling space 200 generally refers to a space formed by extending a surface of the elastic support rod 005 facing the inner side of the concrete wall 001, two side surfaces in the gap, and a surface of the window frame 008 facing the inner side of the concrete wall 001 toward the concrete wall 001 to shield the gap. The outer filling space 100 is communicated with the outer side of the concrete wall 001, and the inner filling space 200 is communicated with the inner side of the concrete wall 001. The flexible sealing material 003 is filled into the filling space 100 from the outside of the concrete wall 001, and the flexible sealing material 003 is selected so that the flexible sealing material 003 forms an elastic structure after being solidified, and has a certain flexible supporting function; meanwhile, the flexible sealing material 003 is more easily bonded to the elastic support rods 005 to fill up the gaps and holes that may exist in the elastic support rods 005. The flexible sealing material 003 simultaneously fixes the elastic support rods 005 to isolate the elastic support rods 005 from the outside, and positions and protects the elastic support rods 005 to form a second seal in the gap.
The flexible sealing material 003 has ductility, and after curing, although the volume is shrunk, the flexible sealing material is stretched to a certain extent due to the self elasticity, so that the problem of cracking is avoided. And meanwhile, the flexible sealing material 003 enables elastic connection to be formed between the window frame 008 and the concrete wall 001. In the construction process, the window frame 008 is stressed and cannot transmit impact force and vibration to the concrete wall 001 like rigid connection, so that impact on the concrete wall 001 in the construction process is prevented, and the heat insulation layer 002 outside the concrete wall 001 and other existing structures are protected.
Extend to the heat preservation 002 on the outer wall and shelter from the gap, effectively reduce outdoor illumination and high temperature to the influence of sealing material, help prolonging the life-span of the sealing material in the gap to waterproof effect is provided to a certain extent. However, most of the heat insulation layer 002 is a rigid material, cracks are easily formed in the drying process, and the waterproof effect of the heat insulation layer 002 is insufficient, and the adhesion force between the flexible sealing material 003 and the surface of the window frame 008 is poor, so that the stable effect is difficult to form, and therefore, an adhesive waterproof layer 004 needs to be introduced between the heat insulation layer 002 and the flexible sealing material 003 as well as the window frame 008. The adhesive waterproof layer 004 can be combined with the concrete wall 001, the surface-dried flexible sealing material 003 and the window frame 008 to form a third seal through the self-adhesion property. The slight elasticity of the adhesive waterproof layer 004 itself can satisfy the requirement that the flexible sealing material 003 is not easily detached due to slight deformation after being completely cured. The adhesive waterproof layer 004 has elasticity and ductility, is not easily cracked, and does not interfere with the cushioning effect of the elastic support rods 005 and the flexible sealing material 003 in the gap.
Crucially, the bonding waterproof layer 004 can be combined with the heat-insulating layer 002, thereby eliminating the problem of cracking and water seepage caused in the process of drying and bonding the heat-insulating layer 002, and enabling the heat-insulating layer 002 to smoothly extend and stably attach to the surfaces of the flexible sealing material 003 and the window frame 008. Elastic support rods 005 and flexible sealing materials 003 which can not crack in a dry bonding mode are adopted in gaps between the window frame and the concrete wall 001, the cracking defect of the heat insulation layer 002 is eliminated by the aid of the adhesive waterproof layer 004, the problem that the sealing materials crack in a dry bonding mode in waterproof construction of the window is suppressed to the maximum extent, and accordingly the waterproof effect is improved. On the other hand, through the effect of flexible support, flexible packing and flexible bonding, effectively reduced the impact of work progress to concrete wall 001 among the window waterproof construction, realized the protection to concrete wall 001 and outside heat preservation 002 thereof.
The elastic support rod 005 is a polymer foam round rod, and the diameter of the polymer foam round rod is larger than the gap and clings to the fixing member 006. The high molecular foam round rod can be a polyethylene foam rod or a polyethylene closed-cell foam rod. In the gap, a whole high polymer foam round bar is connected with one another at the head to form a circle, and the diameter of the high polymer foam round bar is generally 1.2-2 times of that of the gap. Through the extrusion in the outside lateral gap at concrete wall 001, fill in the gap with the polymer foam pole, the mounting 006 is hugged closely to the one side that the polymer foam pole is oriented inwards, can carry out local parcel to mounting 006 even.
The first department of meeting of polymer foam pole can be through the adhesive further adhesion, promotes the sealed effect of polymer foam pole, and whole piece polymer foam pole can also make things convenient for the construction except can providing sealed effect. The diameter of the round bar is 1.0-1.15 times of the gap, so that the supporting force of the high polymer foam round bar on the window frame 008 in the gap can be guaranteed. Further, the polymer foam round bar is tightly attached to the fixing member 006 to ensure that the inner filling interval and the outer filling interval are accurately divided. The polymer foam round bar as a novel building material has the advantages of good resilience, aging resistance, corrosion resistance, low cost and the like, is more suitable for being used in waterproof sealing environment compared with a common elastic supporting bar 005, and is more convenient to construct compared with a square or plate for filling compared with a round bar with the diameter larger than a gap.
In step S2, before the elastic support rod 005 is inserted into the gap from the outside of the wall 001, the method further includes the following steps: and pre-cleaning the gap, and smearing an interface treating agent in the gap. During pre-cleaning, the part of obvious bulges need to be leveled by sweeping away residual gravels. And then smearing the interface treatment agent on one surface of the concrete wall 001 in the gap or on two surfaces of one sides of the concrete wall 001 and the window frame 008 in the gap. After the interface treating agent is dried, the elastic support rod 005 is inserted.
When cement mortar is used for filling or foaming agent is used for filling in the prior art, the cement mortar or the foaming agent needs to be combined with the concrete wall 001, so that the interface treating agent is not suitable for use. After the interface treating agent is adopted, the surface in the gap is smoother, and particles are not easy to fall off. Compared with the uneven concrete surface, the elastic support rod 005 can form better support in a flatter gap after the interface treatment agent is coated, so that the sealing effect is improved, and the combination of the flexible sealing material 003 and the interface treatment agent is better than the direct combination with the concrete surface.
One side of the adhesive waterproof layer 004 is provided with glue, and the other side is provided with sand; one side with the adhesive is used for bonding a flexible sealing material 003; the sanded side is used to bond the insulation layer 002. The main function of the adhesive waterproof layer 004 is to combine with the heat-insulating layer 002 into a whole, so that the defect of leakage caused by tiny cracks formed in the extended heat-insulating layer 002 in the drying process is overcome; on the other hand, the adhesion effect of the heat-insulating layer 002 on the surface of the non-concrete wall 001 is improved. In order to form an integral body with the insulating layer 002 on the outer side of the concrete wall 001, the selected insulating layer 002 is generally made of mixed concrete insulating mortar so as to ensure that the extended insulating layer 002 can be well combined with the original insulating layer 002 on the outer side of the concrete wall 001. However, the waterproof construction of the window is not the adhesion of a single material surface, and the adhesion of the concrete wall 001 surface, the insulation layer 002 concrete on the surface of the flexible sealing material 003 and the surface of the window frame 008 needs to be considered while the original insulation layer 002 is combined. In the process of the surfaces of the three materials, the adhesive waterproof layer 004 with the glue is adopted to solve the problem. The surface of the flexible sealing material 003 which is conventionally flattened and surface-dried, or the surface of the window frame 008, no matter the surface of the concrete coated with the interface treating agent, provides a good adhesion carrier for the surface with glue of the adhesive waterproof layer 004, so that the surface with glue of the adhesive waterproof layer 004 can be stably adhered to the connected surface of the three.
Meanwhile, the adhesive waterproof layer 004 can completely cover the edge of the flexible sealing material 003 which cannot be eliminated, wherein the edge refers to the boundary between the flexible sealing material 003 and the concrete wall and between the flexible sealing material 003 and the window frame 008, and the covering greatly enhances the sealing effect on the gap. And the flexible sealing material 003 is completely blocked, so that the premature aging caused by direct sunlight and large-area air contact is avoided. Compare towards the bonding surface in the gap, the one side that adopts the area sand with the combination of heat preservation 002 is based on the material characteristic consideration of heat preservation 002, and the weight of the heat preservation 002 that the vast majority combines with the concrete is great, adheres to the rough surface that relies on the concrete surface to a great extent moreover, if adopt ordinary level and smooth bonding surface, heat preservation 002 drops easily. In order to simulate the rough surface of the concrete wall 001, the adhesive waterproof layer 004 has the surface with sand to realize stable adhesion to the heat-insulating layer 002, and realize stable adhesion and combination to the heat-insulating layer 002.
In step S4, before the adhesive waterproof layer 004 is coated on the concrete wall 001 from the window frame 008, the method further includes the following steps: and (3) coating waterproof paint for enhancing the bonding effect of the flexible sealing material 003 and the adhesive waterproof layer 004 on the surface of the flexible sealing material 003 after surface drying. The waterproof coating can further protect the edge of the flexible sealing material 003, prevent the edge from cracking due to tilting, and add one more waterproof layer for the whole waterproof structure, thereby improving the waterproof effect. A layer of waterproof coating is coated on the surface of the surface-dried flexible sealing material by coating the surface-dried flexible sealing material on the surface of the surface-dried flexible sealing material, and after the waterproof coating is dried on the surface, the adhesive waterproof layer 004 is adhered. In the actual construction process, flexible seal material 003 all is located the gap, so flexible seal material 003 does not form the connection with the different materials of gap both sides from the surface, and flexible seal material surface after the surface is dried scribbles to gap both sides and is used for water proof coating, has further promoted the waterproof sealing performance of flexible seal material on the gap surface, makes the fixed effect of holistic sealing performance better. In step S2, after the gap is divided into an outer filling space and an inner filling space by the elastic support rod, the method further includes the following steps: the adhesive filler 007 is filled into the inner filling space 200 from the inner side of the concrete wall 001 until the inner filling space 200 is filled; the adhesive filler 007 wraps around the fixing member 006 and connects the elastic support rods 005. The cementitious filler 007 can be concrete mortar, a foam filler or a flexible sealing material 003, and the concrete mortar filled is stronger and more durable in view of durability and consistency with the concrete wall 001. After the concrete mortar wraps the fixing member 006, the fixing member 006 is more stable. If the outer side of the concrete wall 001 is considered to be waterproof enough, concrete mortar can be adopted under the condition that the waterproof requirement is not high. The filling by adopting the foaming filling agent has certain sealing and waterproof effects, can effectively shorten the construction period and is convenient for subsequent construction; the use of the flexible encapsulant 003 is advantageous in that it further bonds and secures the resilient support rods 005, which is not available with the first two adhesive fillers 007. On the other hand, the flexible sealing material 003 forms a waterproof structure in the inner filling space 200, so that the waterproof effect is better than that of the foaming filler. The space 200 is filled with the adhesive filler 007, so that the gap is completely filled, the window frame 008 is further fixed, the fixation of the window is stabilized to a certain extent, and the waterproof effect is enhanced.
In step S5, the insulating layer 002 completely covers the surface of the adhesive waterproof layer 004, and a connection plane is formed between the window frame 008 and the concrete wall 001. After the adhesive waterproof layer 004 is covered, the heat-insulating layer 002 is firstly bonded to the part between the gap and the outer side of the concrete wall 001, then bonded to the surface of the flexible sealing material 003 in the gap, and finally bonded to the surface of the window frame 008. The heat preservation layer 002 is preferentially adhered by a single frame, so that the leakage problem possibly occurring at the joint of a plurality of frames during adhesion is avoided. The cementitious waterproofing layer 004 is bonded to form a generally right angle at the edge where the gap is attached to the concrete wall 001. After heat preservation 002 combines with cohesiveness waterproof layer 004, the right angle department is filled, forms a connection plane between window frame 008 and the heat preservation 002 in the concrete wall 001 outside, makes heat preservation 002 of gap top and the former heat preservation of outer wall form an organic whole when pleasing to the eye, further prevents outdoor high temperature to seal structure's in the gap influence.
The adhesive waterproof layer 004 is butyl tape. The butyl adhesive tape is a novel adhesive waterproof material with good adhesive property, waterproof property, sealing property and cracking adaptability, and can be a butyl rubber waterproof adhesive tape or other butyl waterproof sealing adhesive tapes. One side of the heat insulation layer 002 is provided with glue, the other side of the heat insulation layer 002 is provided with sand, the heat insulation layer 002 can be combined with the heat insulation layer 002, the problem that the heat insulation layer 002 is dry and cracked is solved by utilizing the characteristics of good cracking adaptability and good extensibility of the heat insulation layer 002, and the heat insulation layer 002 can be further connected with flexible sealing materials 003 in gaps, window frames 008 on two sides of the gaps and a concrete wall 001. The concave-convex feeling of the sand surface enhances the bonding force with the heat-insulating vitrified microsphere material. Meanwhile, the sand surface adopts special mineral particles as a protective layer, so that the influence of exposed sunlight ultraviolet rays on a waterproof result is resisted, the weather resistance of a waterproof structure is improved, and the condition that the vertical surface and the top layer of vitrified micro bubbles are easy to fall off by gravity when being constructed and pasted in a wet form is effectively avoided.
The advantage that adopts butyl sticky tape sand face to the outside is that the sand face of butyl sticky tape has special mineral granule protective layer, can prevent effectively that sunshine from shining the ultraviolet ray and destroying the influence to the waterproof layer, and special mineral granule layer effectively resists the construction tool simultaneously and destroys the waterproof layer. The sand surface of the butyl adhesive tape is combined with the vitrified micro bubbles, and the special butyl polymer adhesive layer of the butyl adhesive tape is combined with the vitrified micro bubbles into a whole, so that the vitrified micro bubbles are prevented from falling off when the construction is carried out on the vertical surface and the top surface of the window.
The flexible sealing material 003 is a silicone weather-resistant sealant, and the waterproof coating is a polyurethane waterproof coating. The silicone weather-resistant sealant is one of flexible sealing materials 003, and can form an elastic silicone rubber material after being cured, so that the silicone weather-resistant sealant enhances the supporting effect on the window frame 008 in a gap on one hand, and can be suitable for a sealing waterproof filling material for the window gap on the other hand. Since the silicone weather-resistant sealant needs to react with moisture in the air for curing, at least the surface of the silicone weather-resistant sealant needs to be dried before the subsequent step of covering the surface of the silicone weather-resistant sealant. The polyurethane waterproof coating is a polymer cement waterproof coating, and can be formed by additionally arranging a waterproof layer with good adhesion property on the flexible sealing material and the surfaces of two sides of a gap, combining a silicone weather-resistant sealant with the surfaces of a window frame and a concrete wall body, and finally further combining the silicone weather-resistant sealant with a butyl adhesive tape to form a double-layer waterproof layer covering the gap.
The heat-insulating layer 002 is a vitrified micro bubble material layer. The vitrified microsphere refers to vitrified microsphere thermal insulation mortar, which is internally mixed with concrete and/or lightweight aggregate and can be adhered to a concrete wall. In the extending process, firstly, the original heat-insulating layer 002 is paved with the vitrified microsphere heat-insulating mortar, then, the heat-insulating layer 002 is extended along the concrete wall 001 and the butyl adhesive tape, and a vitrified microsphere material layer is formed after the vitrified microsphere heat-insulating mortar is dried and solidified. The advantage of using the layer of vitrified small ball material is that the vitrified small ball can be well combined with the butyl adhesive tape into a whole, and the self characteristics of the butyl adhesive tape are utilized to make up the defects of the vitrified small ball.
Example 2
In the embodiment, a window reserved hole is formed in a concrete wall 001 with a heat insulation layer 002, so that the window reserved hole is matched with the size of a window frame 008 of a window to be installed. When the center of the window frame 008 coincides with the center of the reserved hole of the window, the widths of the gaps around the window frame 008 are the same and are 15 mm.
The screw fixing pieces 006 are fixed to the periphery of the reserved hole of the window, then the window frame 008 is fixed to the concrete wall 001, and the center of the window frame 008 and the center of the reserved hole of the window are overlapped and tightened as much as possible. Cleaning the formed gap and the surface nearby the gap, removing the fallen sand and stone dust, leveling the obviously protruded position, and finally coating an interface treating agent. After the interface treating agent is dried and solidified, a polyethylene closed-cell foam round bar with the length of 20mm is selected, the length of the polyethylene closed-cell foam round bar is more than 10 percent of the perimeter of the window frame 008, and the polyethylene closed-cell foam round bar is plugged into the gap from the lower part clockwise from the outer side. After the polyethylene closed-cell foam round bars are encircled into a circle, the redundant parts are cut off, and the polyethylene closed-cell foam round bars are connected into a whole by adopting an adhesive. The polyethylene closed cell foam round bar is pressed according to the required two-side filling space, and the specific two-side filling space can be limited and divided by touching all the fixing pieces 006.
After the polyethylene closed-cell foam round bar reaches the designated position, the silicone weather-resistant sealant is filled in the outer filling space 100 through an extrusion tool until the outer filling space 100 is filled, and then the surface of the silicone weather-resistant sealant is flattened and compressed by taking the surface connected with the window frame 008 as reference, so that the redundant silicone weather-resistant sealant is removed. And after the surface of the silicone weather-resistant sealant is dried, coating a polyurethane waterproof coating on the surface of the silicone weather-resistant sealant until the surface of the silicone weather-resistant sealant is completely covered.
After the polyurethane waterproof coating is dried and solidified, selecting a butyl waterproof sealing adhesive tape with a width of 100mm, one surface of which is provided with sand and the other surface of which is provided with adhesive, and covering and adhering the surface with sand from one end of each gap to the other end outwards. The part of the butyl waterproof sealing adhesive tape on the surface of the window frame 008 is 40mm, the rest part is firstly bonded with the polyurethane waterproof coating above the gap and then extends to the concrete wall 001, and the butyl waterproof sealing adhesive tapes at the initial positions of the gaps are mutually overlapped.
Firstly, on the outer wall, the edge of the heat-insulating layer 002 close to one side of the window frame 008 starts to be paved with vitrified micro-bead mortar. And then the glass bead mortar is spread along the concrete wall 001 and the butyl waterproof sealing adhesive tape in an extending way, so that the surface of the butyl waterproof sealing adhesive tape is completely covered by the glass bead mortar, and a plane is formed between the window frame 008 and the original external wall heat-insulating layer 002. Finally, the inner filling space 200 is filled with a polyurethane foaming agent from the inside of the concrete wall 001, and the inner filling space 200 is filled with the polyurethane foaming agent.
It is worth noting that if the polyurethane waterproof coating is not adopted, an APC-special sealant can be adopted, the bonding performance of the APC-special sealant and the butyl waterproof sealing adhesive tape is good, the APC-special sealant is adopted to replace the polyurethane waterproof coating, the waterproof performance can be further improved, and the APC-special sealant can be bonded with the butyl waterproof sealing adhesive tape after the surface is dried.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the specific embodiments of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention claims should be included in the protection scope of the present invention claims.
Claims (10)
1. A waterproof construction method for a window comprises a concrete wall body with a reserved hole of the window and an insulating layer on the outer side of the concrete wall body and the window with a window frame, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, placing the window in a reserved hole of the window, connecting window frames around the window with a concrete wall through fixing pieces, and forming a certain gap between the periphery of the window frames and the concrete wall;
s2, an elastic support rod is plugged into the gap from the outer side of the concrete wall body, the elastic support rod is supported between the window frame and the concrete wall body, and a circle of flexible support is formed in the gap; the elastic supporting rod is abutted against the fixing piece; the gap is divided into an outer filling space and an inner filling space by the elastic support rod;
s3, filling flexible sealing materials into the outer filling space through the gaps, so that the flexible sealing materials are filled in the outer filling space and are bonded with the elastic support rod into a whole;
s4, after the surface of the flexible sealing material is dried, covering a bonding waterproof layer from the window frame to the concrete wall body, and completely sealing the gap by the bonding waterproof layer;
and S5, after the adhesive waterproof layer is covered, extending the heat insulation layer of the outer wall to the surface of the adhesive waterproof layer, wherein the extending part of the heat insulation layer completely shields the position of the gap and is adhered with the adhesive waterproof layer into a whole.
2. The waterproof construction method for the window according to claim 1, wherein the elastic support rod is a circular polymer foam rod, and the circular polymer foam rod has a diameter larger than the gap and is tightly attached to the fixing piece.
3. The waterproof construction method for window according to claim 1, wherein before inserting the elastic support rod into the gap from the outside of the concrete wall in step S2, the method further comprises the following steps:
and pre-cleaning the gap, and smearing an interface treating agent in the gap.
4. The waterproof construction method for a window according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive waterproof layer is provided with glue on one side and sand on the other side; one side with the adhesive is used for bonding a flexible sealing material; and the surface with the sand is used for bonding the heat-insulating layer.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein before the step of covering the concrete wall with the adhesive waterproof layer from the window frame in step S4, the method further comprises the steps of:
and (3) coating a waterproof coating for enhancing the waterproof effect between the flexible sealing material and the adhesive waterproof layer on the surface of the flexible sealing material after surface drying.
6. The waterproof construction method for a window according to claim 1, wherein the step S2, after the gap is divided into an outer filling space and an inner filling space by the elastic support rod, further comprises the steps of:
filling adhesive filling agents into the inner filling space from the inner side of the concrete wall until the inner filling space is filled; the adhesive filler wraps the fixing piece and is connected with the elastic supporting rod.
7. The waterproof construction method for windows according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, the insulating layer completely covers the surface of the adhesive waterproof layer and forms a connection plane between the window frame and the concrete wall.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein the adhesive waterproof layer is butyl tape.
9. The waterproof construction method for window according to claim 5, wherein said flexible sealing material is silicone weather-resistant sealant, and said waterproof paint is polyurethane waterproof paint.
10. The waterproof construction method for the window according to claim 1, wherein the insulating layer is made of glass beads.
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