CN113293393A - Bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN113293393A
CN113293393A CN202011204109.9A CN202011204109A CN113293393A CN 113293393 A CN113293393 A CN 113293393A CN 202011204109 A CN202011204109 A CN 202011204109A CN 113293393 A CN113293393 A CN 113293393A
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bivo
photoelectrode
sodium phytate
bismuth vanadate
iron oxyhydroxide
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CN113293393B (en
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张晓�
熊贤强
武承林
程高飞
周睿
马博华
陈奕飞
韩得满
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Taizhou University
Taizhou Biomedical Industry Research Institute Co Ltd
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Taizhou University
Taizhou Biomedical Industry Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25BELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01Products
    • C25B1/02Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

Abstract

The invention provides a bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of functional materials. The preparation method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: providing BiVO4Photoelectrode of said BiVO4The photoelectrode comprises a substrate and BiVO loaded on the surface of the substrate4Thin film, BiVO4The film is made of BiVO4Nanoparticle formation; mixing inorganic ferric salt, sodium phytate and water to obtain an inorganic ferric salt-sodium phytate mixed solution; dropping inorganic ferric salt-sodium phytate mixture on BiVO4Drying the surface of the photoelectrode, immersing the surface of the photoelectrode in an alkaline solution for precipitation reaction to obtain bismuth vanadate/phytic acidSodium/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode. BiVO prepared by the method provided by the invention4The sodium phytate/FeOOH composite photoelectrode has better photoelectrocatalysis water decomposition performance.

Description

Bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of functional materials, in particular to a bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Semiconductor photoelectrocatalytic water oxidation, assisted by an applied bias, is considered one of the most promising methods for converting solar energy into hydrogen energy. Many semiconductor materials are used in the photoelectrocatalytic water oxidation technology, such as ZnO, CdS, Fe2O3、g-C3N4、TiO2、WO3、CuWO4Or BiVO4. Among these semiconductor materials, BiVO of monoclinic structure4The material has received extensive attention from researchers due to advantages of a suitable band gap (about 2.4eV), low cost, and ease of synthesis. However, BiVO results from slow water oxidation kinetics of photogenerated carriers at the electrode/electrolyte interface4Applications in the field of photoelectrocatalysis are still limited. Therefore, methods for improving the performance of photoelectrocatalysis have been proposed, wherein, the method of supporting oxygen evolution promoter (such as cobalt phosphate, nickel oxyhydroxide, nickel iron oxide or hydroxide) on the surface of photoelectrode has become a widely used modification method, and the supporting of oxygen evolution promoter can significantly reduce the activation energy of interfacial water oxidation, thereby reducing the overpotential of water decomposition to hydrogen and improving the current density of photoelectrode. But instead of the other end of the tubeIn the method, the interface quality of the photoelectrode and the oxygen evolution promoter is poor, and the photoelectrode activity is influenced by uneven loading of the oxygen evolution promoter or gaps in the interface.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode and a preparation method and application thereof4The surface of the nano particles can obviously enhance BiVO4The interface quality with FeOOH ensures that the BiVO is obtained4the/FeOOH composite photoelectrode has better photoelectrocatalysis water decomposition performance.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a preparation method of a bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode, which comprises the following steps:
providing BiVO4Photoelectrode of said BiVO4The photoelectrode comprises a substrate and BiVO loaded on the surface of the substrate4Film of said BiVO4The film is made of BiVO4Nanoparticle formation;
mixing inorganic ferric salt, sodium phytate and water to obtain an inorganic ferric salt-sodium phytate mixed solution;
dropwise coating the inorganic ferric salt-sodium phytate mixed solution on the BiVO4And drying the surface of the photoelectrode, immersing the surface of the photoelectrode in an alkaline solution to perform precipitation reaction to obtain the bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode.
Preferably, the inorganic iron salt comprises one or more of ferric nitrate, ferric chloride and ferric sulfate.
Preferably, the concentration of the inorganic iron salt in the inorganic iron salt-sodium phytate mixed solution is 1-40 mmol/L, and the concentration of the sodium phytate is 5-40 mmol/L.
Preferably, the dripping amount of the inorganic ferric salt-sodium phytate mixed solution is 15-50 mu L/cm2
Preferably, the alkaline solution comprises a potassium hydroxide solution or a sodium hydroxide solution, and the concentration of the alkaline solution is 0.8-1.2 mol/L.
Preferably, the drying temperature is 55-65 ℃ and the drying time is 3-8 min.
Preferably, the temperature of the precipitation reaction is 20-35 ℃ and the time is 5-60 min.
The invention provides a bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme, which comprises a substrate and a bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite film loaded on the surface of the substrate, wherein the bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite film is formed by a core-shell structure material, and the core of the core-shell structure material is BiVO4Nanoparticles of said BiVO4The surface of the nano-particles is coated with an FeOOH shell layer after being modified by sodium phytate.
Preferably, the BiVO4The particle size of the nano particles is 100-200 nm; the thickness of the FeOOH shell layer is 3-10 nm.
The invention provides application of the bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode in photoelectrocatalysis water oxidation reaction.
The invention provides a preparation method of a bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode, which comprises the following steps: providing BiVO4Photoelectrode of said BiVO4The photoelectrode comprises a substrate and BiVO loaded on the surface of the substrate4Film of said BiVO4The film is made of BiVO4Nanoparticle formation; mixing inorganic ferric salt, sodium phytate and water to obtain an inorganic ferric salt-sodium phytate mixed solution; dropwise coating the inorganic ferric salt-sodium phytate mixed solution on the BiVO4And drying the surface of the photoelectrode, immersing the surface of the photoelectrode in an alkaline solution to perform precipitation reaction to obtain the bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode. The invention uses sodium phytate with strong complexation with iron ions to uniformly load the iron-based oxygen evolution cocatalyst FeOOH on BiVO through simple dripping coating method and precipitation reaction4The photoelectrode surface can effectively improve BiVO4Integrity with FeOOH interface and simultaneously ensures BiVO4The nano particles are tightly connected with the FeOOH layer, so that gaps between the nano particles and the FeOOH layer are effectively avoided, and the transfer resistance and the photocarrier of photogenerated holes are reducedThe recombination velocity of the flow molecules, thereby reducing the overpotential of water decomposition, increasing the photocurrent density and leading the BiVO to be obtained4The sodium phytate/FeOOH composite photoelectrode has better photoelectrocatalysis water decomposition performance.
In addition, the method provided by the invention is simple to operate, the Fe element is abundant in the natural world, and the BiVO can be effectively reduced by taking FeOOH as an oxygen evolution cocatalyst4And (4) modification cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is BiVO of example 14Photoelectrode and BiVO4XRD pattern of/sodium phytate/FeOOH composite photoelectrode;
FIG. 2 is BiVO in example 24Photoelectrode and BiVO4SEM image of/sodium phytate/FeOOH composite photoelectrode;
FIG. 3 is BiVO in example 24TEM image of/sodium phytate/FeOOH composite photoelectrode;
FIG. 4 is BiVO in example 34Photoelectrode and BiVO4Linear scanning voltammetry curve graphs of the/sodium phytate/FeOOH composite photoelectrode in a dark state and under illumination;
FIG. 5 is BiVO of comparative example 14Photoelectrode and BiVO4Linear sweep voltammogram of the/FeOOH composite photoelectrode in a dark state and under illumination.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a preparation method of a bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode, which comprises the following steps:
providing BiVO4Photoelectrode of said BiVO4The photoelectrode comprises a substrate and BiVO loaded on the surface of the substrate4Film of said BiVO4The film is made of BiVO4Nanoparticle formation;
mixing inorganic ferric salt, sodium phytate and water to obtain an inorganic ferric salt-sodium phytate mixed solution;
dropwise coating the inorganic ferric salt-sodium phytate mixed solution on the BiVO4And drying the surface of the photoelectrode, immersing the surface of the photoelectrode in an alkaline solution to perform precipitation reaction to obtain the bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode.
The invention provides BiVO4Photoelectrode of said BiVO4The photoelectrode comprises a substrate and BiVO loaded on the surface of the substrate4Film of said BiVO4The film is made of BiVO4And (4) forming nanoparticles. The substrate is not particularly limited in the invention, and may be any substrate known to those skilled in the art, and may specifically be FTO conductive glass. In the invention, the BiVO4The thickness of the film is preferably 500-1000 nm; the BiVO4The particle size of the nanoparticles is preferably 100 to 200 nm. The invention is to the BiVO4The source of the photoelectrode is not particularly limited, and the photoelectrode is prepared by adopting a method well known by the technical personnel in the field; in the invention, the BiVO4The preparation method of the photoelectrode preferably comprises the following steps:
adjusting the pH value of a potassium iodide aqueous solution to 1.7, and then mixing the potassium iodide aqueous solution with bismuth nitrate to obtain a potassium iodide-bismuth nitrate mixed solution; mixing p-benzoquinone with ethanol to obtain a p-benzoquinone solution;
mixing the potassium iodide-bismuth nitrate mixed solution with a p-benzoquinone solution to obtain an electrolyte solution; under the existence of the electrolyte solution, carrying out constant potential deposition by taking a substrate as a working electrode, an Ag/AgCl electrode as a reference electrode and a platinum mesh as a counter electrode to obtain a BiOI photoelectrode;
mixing vanadium acetylacetonate and dimethyl sulfoxide to obtain vanadyl acetylacetonate solution;
dropwise coating the vanadyl acetylacetonate solution on the surface of the BiOI electrode, and calcining to obtain BiVO4And a photoelectrode.
The pH value of the potassium iodide aqueous solution is adjusted to 1.7, and then the potassium iodide aqueous solution is mixed with bismuth nitrate to obtain a potassium iodide-bismuth nitrate mixed solution. In the invention, the concentration of the potassium iodide aqueous solution is preferably 0.45-0.55 mol/L, and more preferably 0.5 mol/L. In the present invention, the agent for adjusting the pH of the aqueous potassium iodide solution is preferably concentrated nitric acid, and the concentration of the concentrated nitric acid is preferably 68 wt%. In the invention, the concentration of bismuth nitrate in the potassium iodide-bismuth nitrate mixed solution is preferably 0.05-0.07 mol/L, and more preferably 0.06 mol/L.
The invention mixes p-benzoquinone with ethanol to obtain a p-benzoquinone solution. In the present invention, the concentration of p-benzoquinone in the p-benzoquinone solution is preferably 0.25 to 0.35mol/L, and more preferably 0.3 mol/L.
After a potassium iodide-bismuth nitrate mixed solution and a p-benzoquinone solution are obtained, the potassium iodide-bismuth nitrate mixed solution and the p-benzoquinone solution are mixed to obtain an electrolyte solution. In the present invention, the volume ratio of the potassium iodide-bismuth nitrate mixed solution to the p-benzoquinone solution is preferably 5: (1.8-2.2), more preferably 5: 2.
after the electrolyte solution is obtained, the invention preferably performs constant potential deposition in the presence of the electrolyte solution by using a substrate as a working electrode, an Ag/AgCl electrode as a reference electrode and a platinum mesh as a counter electrode to obtain the BiOI photoelectrode. In the invention, the potential of the constant potential deposition is preferably-0.05 to-0.2V, more preferably-0.1V, and the time is preferably 3 to 10min, more preferably 5 min.
After the constant potential deposition, the obtained sample is preferably cleaned to remove surface impurities; in the present invention, the cleaning agent preferably includes deionized water.
The invention mixes vanadium acetylacetonate and dimethyl sulfoxide to obtain vanadyl acetylacetonate solution. In the invention, the concentration of the vanadyl acetylacetonate solution is preferably 0.08-0.12 mol/L, and more preferably 0.1 mol/L.
After a BiOI photoelectrode and a vanadyl acetylacetonate solution are obtained, the method comprises the steps of dropwise coating the vanadyl acetylacetonate solution on the surface of the BiOI photoelectrode, and then calcining to obtain BiVO4And a photoelectrode. In the invention, the preferable dropping amount of the vanadyl acetylacetonate solution is 100-120 mu L/cm2(ii) a The calcination temperature is preferably 440-460 ℃, more preferably 450 ℃, and the time is preferably 1.5-2.5 h, more preferably 2 h; the calcination is preferably carried out in a muffle furnace. In the present invention, during the calcination, the BiOI is decomposed into Bi2O3Decomposition of vanadyl acetylacetonate to V2O5Said Bi2O3And V2O5High-temperature solid-phase reaction is carried out to generate BiVO4
In the invention, the calcination preferably further comprises washing, specifically, the sample obtained after the calcination is placed in 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution and soaked for 30min at room temperature to remove residual V2O5To obtain BiVO4And a photoelectrode.
The invention mixes inorganic molysite, sodium phytate and water to obtain the inorganic molysite-sodium phytate mixed solution. In the present invention, the inorganic iron salt preferably includes one or more of ferric nitrate, ferric chloride and ferric sulfate, and more preferably ferric nitrate, ferric chloride or ferric sulfate. In the invention, the concentration of the inorganic iron salt in the inorganic iron salt-sodium phytate mixed solution is preferably 1-40 mmol/L, and more preferably 5-10 mmol/L; the concentration of the sodium phytate in the inorganic ferric salt-sodium phytate mixed solution is preferably 5-40 mmol/L, and more preferably 20-30 mmol/L.
Obtaining BiVO4After photoelectrode and inorganic iron salt-sodium phytate mixed solution, the invention coats the inorganic iron salt-sodium phytate mixed solution on BiVO4And drying the surface of the photoelectrode, immersing the surface of the photoelectrode in an alkaline solution to perform precipitation reaction to obtain the bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode. In the invention, the dripping amount of the inorganic ferric salt-sodium phytate mixed solution is preferably 15-50 mu L/cm2More preferably 25 to 30. mu.L/cm2. The dropping coating method of the inorganic iron salt-sodium phytate mixed solution is not particularly limited, and the dropping coating method known by the technical personnel in the field is adopted to ensure that the inorganic iron salt-sodium phytate mixed solution is uniformly coated. The drying method is not particularly limited, and a drying method known to those skilled in the art may be used. In the invention, the drying temperature is preferably 55-65 ℃, more preferably 60 ℃, and the drying time is preferably 3-8 min, more preferably 5 min; the drying is preferably carried out in an oven. In the invention, inorganic ferric salt-sodium phytate mixed liquid is dripped on the BiVO4After the surface of the photoelectrode, the phytate ion can be firmly adsorbed on BiVO4BiVO of photoelectrode4The surface of the nano-particles is then complexed with iron ions in the system, and the BiVO is subjected to subsequent precipitation reaction4The FeOOH shell layer is formed on the surface of the nano-particles.
In the invention, the alkaline solution preferably comprises a potassium hydroxide solution or a sodium hydroxide solution, and the concentration of the alkaline solution is preferably 0.8-1.2 mol/L, and more preferably 1 mol/L. In the invention, the temperature of the precipitation reaction is preferably 20-35 ℃, and more preferably 25-30 ℃; the time is preferably 5 to 60min, and more preferably 5 to 10 min. In the invention, in the precipitation reaction process, iron ions react in an alkaline environment to generate FeOOH, and the FeOOH is deposited on BiVO4The FeOOH shell layer is formed on the surface of the nano-particles.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the precipitation reaction is followed by washing, specifically, after the precipitation reaction, the obtained sample is taken out and washed with deionized water to remove impurities on the surface.
The invention provides a bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode prepared by the preparation method in any one of the technical schemes, which comprises a substrate and a bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite film loaded on the surface of the substrate, wherein the bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite film is formed by a core-shell structure material, and the core of the core-shell structure material is BiVO4Nanoparticles of said BiVO4The surface of the nano-particles is coated with an FeOOH shell layer after being modified by sodium phytate. In the invention, the BiVO4The particle size of the nano particles is preferably 100-200 nm; the thickness of the FeOOH shell layer is preferably 3-10 nm.
The invention provides the application of the bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode in the technical scheme in the photoelectrocatalysis water oxidation reaction, and the application is not particularly limited and can be applied by adopting a mode known by a person skilled in the art.
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Mixing potassium iodide and ultrapure water, and adjusting the pH value to 1.7 by using concentrated nitric acid (the concentration is 68 wt%) to obtain a potassium iodide aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.5 mol/L; mixing bismuth nitrate with the potassium iodide aqueous solution, and dissolving by ultrasonic to obtain a potassium iodide-bismuth nitrate mixed solution, wherein the concentration of bismuth nitrate in the potassium iodide-bismuth nitrate mixed solution is 0.06 mol/L;
mixing p-benzoquinone with ethanol, and dissolving the mixture by ultrasonic waves to obtain a p-benzoquinone solution, wherein the concentration of the p-benzoquinone in the p-benzoquinone solution is 0.3 mol/L;
mixing the potassium iodide-bismuth nitrate mixed solution and a p-benzoquinone solution in a volume ratio of 5:2, uniformly stirring, taking the mixed solution as an electrolyte solution, adopting FTO conductive glass as a working electrode, an Ag/AgCl electrode as a reference electrode and a platinum mesh as a counter electrode, performing electrodeposition for 5min under the condition that the potential is-0.1V, and cleaning by using deionized water after the deposition is finished to remove surface impurities to obtain a BiOI photoelectrode;
mixing vanadium acetylacetonate with dimethyl sulfoxide to obtain 0.1mol/L vanadyl acetylacetonate solution, transferring 100 mu L of the vanadyl acetylacetonate solution by using a liquid transfer gun, and dropwise coating the vanadyl acetylacetonate solution on the surface of the BiOI electrode (the dropwise coating amount of the vanadyl acetylacetonate solution is 100 mu L/cm)2) Then calcining the mixture for 2 hours in a muffle furnace at the temperature of 450 ℃, naturally cooling the mixture to room temperature, taking out the photoelectrode, placing the photoelectrode into 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, and soaking the photoelectrode for 30 minutes at the room temperature (25 ℃) to remove residual V2O5To obtain BiVO4A photoelectrode;
mixing ferric nitrate, sodium phytate and water to obtain a ferric nitrate-sodium phytate mixed solution, wherein the concentration of the ferric nitrate in the ferric nitrate-sodium phytate mixed solution is 10mmol/L, and the concentration of the sodium phytate is 20 mmol/L; using a liquid transfer gun to transfer 20 mu L of the ferric nitrate-sodium phytate mixed liquid to be dripped on the BiVO4The surface of the photoelectrode (the dripping amount of the mixed solution of ferric nitrate and sodium phytate is 25 mu L/cm)2) Then drying in an oven at 60 ℃ for 5min, naturally cooling to room temperature, taking out the obtained photoelectrode, soaking in 1mol/L potassium hydroxide solution, reacting at 25 ℃ for 5min, and washing away surface impurities with deionized water after the reaction is finished to obtain the productBiVO4The sodium phytate/FeOOH composite photoelectrode.
FIG. 1 is BiVO of example 14Photoelectrode and BiVO4The XRD pattern of the/sodium phytate/FeOOH composite photoelectrode is shown in figure 1, and BiVO is obtained in the modification process4The crystal form and the grain size of the crystal form are not changed by the load. In addition, no diffraction peak associated with FeOOH was observed, indicating that the supported FeOOH is amorphous.
Example 2
BiVO was prepared according to the method of example 14A photoelectrode;
mixing ferric chloride, sodium phytate and water to obtain a ferric chloride-sodium phytate mixed solution, wherein the concentration of ferric chloride in the ferric chloride-sodium phytate mixed solution is 5mmol/L, and the concentration of sodium phytate is 30 mmol/L; using a liquid transfer gun to transfer 25 mu L of the ferric chloride-sodium phytate mixed liquid drop to be coated on the BiVO4The surface of the photoelectrode (the dripping amount of the mixed solution of ferric chloride and sodium phytate is 25 mu L/cm)2) Then drying in a 60 ℃ oven for 5min, naturally cooling to room temperature, taking out the photoelectrode, soaking in 1mol/L potassium hydroxide solution, reacting for 10min at 25 ℃, and washing away surface impurities by deionized water after the reaction is finished to obtain BiVO4The sodium phytate/FeOOH composite photoelectrode.
FIG. 2 is BiVO in example 24Photoelectrode and BiVO4Scanning electron microscope image of/sodium phytate/FeOOH composite photoelectrode, wherein (a) is BiVO4Photoelectrode, (b) is BiVO4The sodium phytate/FeOOH composite photoelectrode. As can be seen from FIG. 2, BiVO4Is nano-particles, and the surface is smooth; FeOOH is uniformly loaded on BiVO under the action of sodium phytate4The surface of the nano-particles forms a stable core-shell structure, which shows that sodium phytate can be used as a stable binding molecule to firmly adhere FeOOH to BiVO4A nanoparticle surface, wherein the BiVO4The particle size of the nano particles is 100-200 nm, and the thickness of the shell layer is 3-10 nm.
FIG. 3 is BiVO in example 24The transmission electron microscope image of the/sodium phytate/FeOOH composite photoelectrode can further prove BiVO from figure 34The surface of the nano-particles is uniformly loaded with a layer of FeOOH and BiVO4The nano particles are completely wrapped in FeOOH, and the surface has no gap.
Example 3
BiVO was prepared according to the method of example 14A photoelectrode;
mixing ferric sulfate, sodium phytate and water to obtain a ferric sulfate-sodium phytate mixed solution, wherein the concentration of ferric sulfate in the ferric sulfate-sodium phytate mixed solution is 5mmol/L, and the concentration of sodium phytate is 30 mmol/L; transferring 30 mu L of the ferric sulfate-sodium phytate mixed solution by using a liquid transfer gun, and coating the solution on the BiVO4The surface of the photoelectrode (the dripping amount of the mixed solution of ferric sulfate and sodium phytate is 30 mu L/cm)2) Then drying in a 60 ℃ oven for 5min, naturally cooling to room temperature, taking out the photoelectrode, soaking in 1mol/L potassium hydroxide solution, reacting for 5min at 25 ℃, and washing away surface impurities by deionized water after the reaction is finished to obtain BiVO4The sodium phytate/FeOOH composite photoelectrode.
FIG. 4 is BiVO in example 34Photoelectrode and BiVO4Linear sweep voltammetry curve of/sodium phytate/FeOOH composite photoelectrode in dark state and illumination. As can be seen from FIG. 4, BiVO containing sodium phytate interface4BiVO (BiVO) with sodium phytate/FeOOH composite photoelectrode without modification4The photocurrent of the photoelectrode is obviously improved, which shows that BiVO4The interface charge transfer resistance of the/sodium phytate/FeOOH composite photoelectrode is reduced, which proves that BiVO can be improved by adopting sodium phytate4The interface quality of the sodium phytate/FeOOH composite photoelectrode can further promote interface hole transfer, and the photoelectrocatalysis efficiency is favorably improved.
Comparative example 1
A composite photoelectrode was prepared according to the method of example 3, except that sodium phytate was omitted and the final composite photoelectrode was BiVO4the/FeOOH composite photoelectrode.
FIG. 5 is BiVO of comparative example 14Photoelectrode and BiVO4Linear sweep voltammogram of the/FeOOH composite photoelectrode in a dark state and under illumination. As can be seen from FIG. 5, BiVO was observed in the absence of sodium phytate4The current density of the/FeOOH composite photoelectrode is higher than that of BiVO4The photoelectrode is only slightly improved, and the single FeOOH cocatalyst is shownEffective water decomposition is difficult to realize, which again indicates that the existence of sodium phytate has an important promotion effect on realizing efficient water decomposition.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode comprises the following steps:
providing BiVO4Photoelectrode of said BiVO4The photoelectrode comprises a substrate and BiVO loaded on the surface of the substrate4Film of said BiVO4The film is made of BiVO4Nanoparticle formation;
mixing inorganic ferric salt, sodium phytate and water to obtain an inorganic ferric salt-sodium phytate mixed solution;
dropwise coating the inorganic ferric salt-sodium phytate mixed solution on the BiVO4And drying the surface of the photoelectrode, immersing the surface of the photoelectrode in an alkaline solution to perform precipitation reaction to obtain the bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode.
2. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the inorganic iron salt comprises one or more of ferric nitrate, ferric chloride and ferric sulfate.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the concentration of the inorganic iron salt in the mixed solution of the inorganic iron salt and the sodium phytate is 1 to 40mmol/L, and the concentration of the sodium phytate is 5 to 40 mmol/L.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the amount of the inorganic ferric salt-sodium phytate mixed solution is 15 to 50 μ L/cm2
5. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the alkaline solution comprises a potassium hydroxide solution or a sodium hydroxide solution, and the concentration of the alkaline solution is 0.8-1.2 mol/L.
6. The method according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the drying is carried out at a temperature of 55 to 65 ℃ for 3 to 8 min.
7. The method according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the precipitation reaction is carried out at a temperature of 20 to 35 ℃ for 5 to 60 min.
8. The bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises a substrate and the bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite film loaded on the surface of the substrate, wherein the bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite film is formed by a core-shell structure material, and the core of the core-shell structure material is BiVO4Nanoparticles of said BiVO4The surface of the nano-particles is coated with an FeOOH shell layer after being modified by sodium phytate.
9. The bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode of claim 8, wherein the BiVO is4The particle size of the nano particles is 100-200 nm; the thickness of the FeOOH shell layer is 3-10 nm.
10. The use of the bismuth vanadate/sodium phytate/iron oxyhydroxide composite photoelectrode according to claim 8 or 9 in photoelectrocatalytic water oxidation reactions.
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