CN113292382A - Organic silicon compound fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Organic silicon compound fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113292382A
CN113292382A CN202110537571.9A CN202110537571A CN113292382A CN 113292382 A CN113292382 A CN 113292382A CN 202110537571 A CN202110537571 A CN 202110537571A CN 113292382 A CN113292382 A CN 113292382A
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equal
saline
organic silicon
alkali soil
soil
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宋福如
宋利强
宋志强
宋聚强
康莲薇
侯静
常涛
朱正
曹子库
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Hebei Guigu Fertilizer Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
    • C05B1/04—Double-superphosphate; Triple-superphosphate; Other fertilisers based essentially on monocalcium phosphate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a saline-alkali soil improvement organic silicon compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of compound fertilizers, wherein the saline-alkali soil improvement organic silicon compound fertilizer comprises a base fertilizer, activated humic acid, organic silicon and fulvic acid, wherein nitrogen in the base fertilizer is more than or equal to 15%, phosphorus in the base fertilizer is more than or equal to 15%, potassium in the base fertilizer is more than or equal to 15%, and organic matter in the base fertilizer is more than or equal to 15%, the activated humic acid in the saline-alkali soil improvement organic silicon compound fertilizer is more than or equal to 5%, the organic silicon in the base fertilizer is more than or equal to 1%, and the fulvic acid in the base fertilizer is more than or equal to 1%; the preparation method comprises two steps of preparing a base fertilizer and preparing the organic silicon compound fertilizer aiming at saline-alkali soil with different degrees. The invention can effectively combine harmful ions in soil, reduce the salt content of the soil, granulate the soil, improve the permeability of the soil, improve the microbial community structure of the soil, realize soil fertility enhancement, improve the soil quality of saline-alkali soil and realize the income creating of agricultural products.

Description

Organic silicon compound fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to an organic silicon compound fertilizer for saline-alkali soil improvement and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of compound fertilizers.
Background
At present, the main measures for improving the saline-alkali soil at home and abroad comprise engineering measures, chemical measures, biological measures and the like, wherein the engineering measures are most applied. The engineering measures comprise water conservancy engineering measures and land improvement engineering measures. The hydraulic engineering measures mainly adopt irrigation salt washing, drainage desalination, water saving and salt control and change drainage into storage. The engineering measures are widely applied, but the method has a series of problems of large amount of labor, high investment cost, limited maintenance time or limited water resource shortage and the like, and can not fundamentally reduce the salt content of the soil. The land improvement engineering measures mainly comprise land leveling, soil dressing improvement, improvement cultivation and covering technologies, and normal growth and production of crops are ensured by adjusting water, fertilizer, gas and heat of soil. The method has good effect on inhibiting surface water evaporation and even soil fertility improvement, but cannot be really popularized in large area in production due to overhigh cost and overlow output or resource limitation. The chemical method for improving the saline-alkali soil: (1) inorganic modification (2) organic-inorganic or organic modifiers. The method has quick response and solves the problems that the related industrial chains are multiple and cannot be coordinated and implemented; other forms of contamination are more likely to arise. Therefore, the investment and technical requirements are high, and the large-area land is difficult to repair. Biological measures are as follows: the saline-alkali soil improved by biological measures such as salt-tolerant crop and variety screening has the effects of lasting and stable desalination, and contribution to water and soil conservation and ecological balance. But the treatment period is long, and the political and economic requirements of the current prompt and rapid development are difficult to meet.
According to the invention, after the relevant detection is carried out on the saline-alkali soil, the saline-alkali soil improvement organic silicon compound fertilizer matched with the saline-alkali soil improvement organic silicon compound fertilizer is prepared, so that the harmful ions in the soil can be effectively combined, the salt content of the soil is reduced, the soil can be granulated, the permeability of the soil is improved, the microbial community structure of the soil is improved, the soil fertility enhancement is realized, the soil quality of the saline-alkali soil is improved, and the income of agricultural products is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an organic silicon compound fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil and a preparation method thereof, which can improve the performance of saline-alkali soil, reduce the pH value, improve the water retention property and reduce the salt content of the saline-alkali soil, and realize the income creation of agricultural products.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the organic silicon compound fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil comprises a base fertilizer, activated humic acid, organic silicon and fulvic acid, wherein the nitrogen content in the base fertilizer is more than or equal to 15%, the phosphorus content in the base fertilizer is more than or equal to 15%, the potassium content in the base fertilizer is more than or equal to 15%, the organic matter content in the base fertilizer is more than or equal to 15%, the activated humic acid content in the organic silicon compound fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil is more than or equal to 5%, the organic silicon content in the organic silicon compound fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil is more than or equal to 1%, and the fulvic acid content in the organic silicon compound fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil is more than or equal to 1%.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: when the saline-alkali soil is severe saline-alkali soil, the organic silicon content is more than or equal to 3% and less than or equal to 4%, and the activated humic acid content is more than or equal to 10% and less than or equal to 15%.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: when the saline-alkali soil is moderate saline-alkali soil, the organic silicon content is more than or equal to 2% and less than or equal to 3%, and the activated humic acid content is more than or equal to 8% and less than or equal to 10%.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: when the saline-alkali soil is mild saline-alkali soil, the organic silicon content is more than or equal to 1% and less than or equal to 2%, and the activated humic acid content is more than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 8%.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: when the pH value of the saline-alkali soil is more than or equal to 8.5, the fulvic acid is more than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 10%; when the pH value of the saline-alkali soil is less than 8.5, the fulvic acid is more than or equal to 1% and less than or equal to 5%.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the organic silicon is modified polymethyl siloxane.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the activated humic acid is formed by acidifying natural lignite by hydrogen peroxide, and the acid value is controlled to be 3-4.
A method for preparing the organic silicon compound fertilizer for saline-alkali soil improvement of claim 1 comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a base fertilizer: uniformly mixing the fertilizers to prepare a base fertilizer with nitrogen being more than or equal to 15 percent, phosphorus being more than or equal to 15 percent, potassium being more than or equal to 15 percent and organic matter being more than or equal to 15 percent;
(2) preparing organic silicon compound fertilizer aiming at saline-alkali soil of different degrees: adding organic silicon, activated humic acid and fulvic acid according to the detection result of the soil, fully and uniformly mixing, and performing ball milling to a certain granularity to obtain the organic silicon compound fertilizer for saline-alkali soil of different degrees.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention has more nutrient components, has the characteristics of high slow release performance, biodegradability, no environmental pollution and the like, has relatively low price, can provide sustainable fertility for soil, and can also play the effects of improving the soil quality of saline-alkali soil and realizing the creation of agricultural products.
The organic silicon compound fertilizer contains Si-O-Si bonds and a plurality of free silicon hydroxyl groups, and can generate coordinate bonds, hydrogen bonds and adsorption with ions in saline-alkali soil, so that the activity concentration of the ions in the soil is reduced, the activity of the ions in the soil is reduced, and the effect on improving the saline-alkali soil is very prominent; meanwhile, the complexation and adsorption of Si-O-Si bonds and hydroxyl groups in organic silicon molecules with soil particles can generate aggregation of the soil particles, so that the effective porosity and permeability of the soil are obviously improved, the interaction of nutrient elements in the soil can be effectively reduced, and the rapid growth of the root system of the plant is promoted. The activated humic acid and fulvic acid have certain acidity, the pH value is less than 7, and the proper amount of the activated humic acid and fulvic acid can be added to adjust the pH value of saline-alkali soil and can be combined with organic silicon to improve soil quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing a comparison between the dispersion state of pure soil according to example 1 of the present invention and soil to which a silicone compound fertilizer is added in water.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments:
the organic silicon compound fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil comprises a base fertilizer, activated humic acid, organic silicon and fulvic acid, wherein nitrogen in the base fertilizer is more than or equal to 15%, phosphorus is more than or equal to 15%, potassium is more than or equal to 15%, and organic matter is more than or equal to 15%, and the activated humic acid in the organic silicon compound fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil is more than or equal to 5%, the organic silicon is more than or equal to 1%, and the fulvic acid is more than or equal to 1%. The activated humic acid is formed by acidifying natural lignite by hydrogen peroxide, the acid value is controlled to be 3-4, the salt alkalinity of soil can be effectively reduced, and the activated humic acid is matched with organic silicon to improve soil quality. The organic silicon is modified polymethyl siloxane.
The dosage of the fulvic acid is adjusted according to the pH of the saline-alkali soil. The soil pH determination method comprises the following steps: weighing 20 g of soil sample, adding the soil sample into 20mL of deionized water, fully stirring, oscillating for 30 minutes at constant temperature, centrifuging by a high-speed centrifuge, taking supernatant, and measuring the pH value by using a pH meter. When the pH value of the saline-alkali soil is more than 8.5, the fulvic acid is more than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 10%; when the pH value of the saline-alkali soil is less than 8.5, the fulvic acid is more than or equal to 1% and less than or equal to 5%.
The preparation method of the modified polymethylsiloxane comprises the following steps: (1) taking 16.4kg of CH3SiCl3、3kg(CH3)2SiCl2、0.6kg C8H17(CH3)Si(OCH3)2Uniformly mixing, slowly dripping the mixed monomer into 60L of water under stirring, controlling the temperature of hydrolysis and condensation reaction to be 20-40 ℃, dripping the mixed monomer within 0.5-1h, continuously stirring for reaction for 1h after dripping to obtain the modified methyl silicone resin polycondensate, stopping stirring, standing for 15 min, discharging lower acid water, adding water for washing for 3-4 times, and washing until the PH value is 5-6 to obtain the modified methyl silicone resin polycondensate; (2) adding the modified methyl silicone resin polycondensate into an alkaline hydrolysis reaction kettle, adding 70kg of 30% KOH aqueous solution, supplementing 2.6 liters of water, heating to 70-90 ℃ under stirring, carrying out alkaline hydrolysis treatment for about 2h to obtain a modified oligomeric methyl silicone potassium alcoholate aqueous solution with the solid content of about 36%, and drying to obtain the modified polymethyl siloxane.
The adding amount of the organic silicon is determined according to the type of the saline-alkali soil. The grading indexes of the saline-alkali soil are as follows:
the salt content of the slight saline-alkali soil is 0.1-0.3 per mill; in moderate saline-alkali soil, the salt content of the soil is 0.3-0.6 per mill; the salt content of the soil in the severe saline-alkali soil is more than 0.6 per mill. The salt content is calculated by 30 cm soil plough layer in most of China. When the saline-alkali soil is severe saline-alkali soil, the organic silicon content is more than or equal to 3% and less than or equal to 4%, and the activated humic acid content is more than or equal to 10% and less than or equal to 15%; when the saline-alkali soil is moderate saline-alkali soil, the organic silicon content is more than or equal to 2% and less than or equal to 3%, and the activated humic acid content is more than or equal to 8% and less than or equal to 10%; when the saline-alkali soil is mild saline-alkali soil, the organic silicon content is more than or equal to 1% and less than or equal to 2%, and the activated humic acid content is more than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 8%.
A preparation method of an organic silicon compound fertilizer for saline-alkali soil improvement comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a base fertilizer: uniformly mixing the fertilizers to prepare a base fertilizer with nitrogen being more than or equal to 15 percent, phosphorus being more than or equal to 15 percent, potassium being more than or equal to 15 percent and organic matter being more than or equal to 15 percent;
(2) preparing organic silicon compound fertilizer aiming at saline-alkali soil of different degrees: adding organic silicon, activated humic acid and fulvic acid according to the detection result of the soil, fully and uniformly mixing, and performing ball milling to a certain granularity to obtain the organic silicon compound fertilizer for saline-alkali soil of different degrees.
Example 1
(1) Preparing a base fertilizer: 31kg of urea, 28kg of heavy calcium superphosphate, 23kg of potassium chloride, 2kg of trace elements (including ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulfate, manganese sulfate and borax), 0.03kg of urea nitrogen inhibition stabilizer (HQ and DCD) and 16kg of organic matters are metered and added into a crushing mixer, and the mixture is crushed and mixed at a high speed for 15 to 30 minutes and is uniformly mixed to prepare the base fertilizer containing 15 percent of nitrogen, 15 percent of phosphorus, 15 percent of potassium and 16 percent of organic matters.
(2) Aiming at mild saline-alkali soil with pH less than 8.5, preparing an organic silicon compound fertilizer: 1.2-2.4kg of modified polymethylsiloxane, 6-9.6kg of activated humic acid and 1.2-6kg of fulvic acid are fully and uniformly mixed, ball milling is carried out to ensure that the modified organic silicon, the activated humic acid, the fulvic acid and the base fertilizer are fully and uniformly mixed and interact to prepare the compound fertilizer, and the compound fertilizer is dried to obtain the product.
The saline-alkali soil and the saline-alkali soil added with the organic silicon compound fertilizer are respectively put into pure water, and the dispersion states of the saline-alkali soil and the saline-alkali soil in the water are respectively observed and analyzed by adopting a Leica inverted microscope, and the results are shown in figure 1. The comparison shows that the pure saline-alkali soil is dispersed and settled in water as fine particles, and the upper water is turbid, which is mainly due to the fact that the saline-alkali soil contains higher ion concentration and exists as fine particles under the water solvation effect in the water, and the water becomes turbid. When the organic silicon compound fertilizer is added, the soil particles are agglomerated into large-particle soil particles, and the upper water layer becomes clear, which shows that the organic silicon compound fertilizer can promote the soil aggregation of the saline-alkali soil to form larger soil aggregates.
Example 2
(1) Preparing a base fertilizer: the same procedure as in step (1) of example 1;
(2) aiming at moderate saline-alkali soil with pH value more than 8.5, preparing an organic silicon compound fertilizer: adding 2.4-3.6kg of modified polymethylsiloxane, 9.6-12kg of activated humic acid and 6-12kg of fulvic acid into a base fertilizer, fully and uniformly mixing, performing ball milling to fully and uniformly mix the modified organic silicon, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the base fertilizer and perform interaction to prepare a compound fertilizer, and drying to obtain the product.
The dispersion form of the saline-alkali soil after the application of the organic silicon compound fertilizer in water is very similar to that of the embodiment 1.
Example 3
(1) Preparing a base fertilizer: the same procedure as in step (1) of example 1;
(2) aiming at the severe saline-alkali soil with pH value more than 8.5, preparing an organic silicon compound fertilizer: adding 4.5-6kg of modified polymethylsiloxane, 15-23kg of activated humic acid and 8-15kg of fulvic acid into a base fertilizer, fully and uniformly mixing, performing ball milling to fully and uniformly mix the modified organic silicon, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the base fertilizer, performing interaction to prepare a compound fertilizer, and drying to obtain the product.
The dispersion form of the saline-alkali soil after the application of the organic silicon compound fertilizer in water is very similar to that of the embodiment 1.
Saline-alkali soil samples of examples 1-3 with different degrees and mixed samples added with corresponding organic silicon compound fertilizers are respectively dissolved in water (1: 5 leaching liquor), the conductivity of the samples is respectively measured, and the results are as follows:
Figure BDA0003070388280000061
as can be seen from the table above, after the organic silicon compound fertilizer is added into the saline-alkali soil sample, the conductivity is obviously reduced, the ionic activity in the soil is obviously reduced, and the improvement of the soil quality of the saline-alkali soil is facilitated.
The organic silicon compound fertilizer of the embodiment 3 is applied to a severe saline-alkali soil test field in a three-pit village on a greenling in Zhejiang to plant rice, and the monitoring data of the soil and the yield per mu for three continuous years are shown in the following table:
Figure BDA0003070388280000062
as can be seen from the above table: with the application of the organic silicon fertilizer, the pH value and the full salt value of the soil background are reduced year by year, so that the soil quality is essentially improved; the yield per mu of the rice applying the organic silicon fertilizer is obviously higher than that of the rice applying the base fertilizer, so that the yield increasing effect of the organic silicon fertilizer on crops is better.

Claims (8)

1. An organic silicon compound fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil, which is characterized in that: the organic silicon compound fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil comprises a base fertilizer, activated humic acid, organic silicon and fulvic acid, wherein nitrogen in the base fertilizer is more than or equal to 15%, phosphorus in the base fertilizer is more than or equal to 15%, potassium in the base fertilizer is more than or equal to 15%, organic matter in the base fertilizer is more than or equal to 15%, the activated humic acid in the base fertilizer is more than or equal to 5%, the organic silicon in the base fertilizer is more than or equal to 1%, and the fulvic acid in the organic silicon compound fertilizer for improving the saline-alkali soil is more than or equal to 1%.
2. The organic silicon compound fertilizer for saline-alkali soil improvement according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: when the saline-alkali soil is severe saline-alkali soil, the organic silicon content is more than or equal to 3% and less than or equal to 4%, and the activated humic acid content is more than or equal to 10% and less than or equal to 15%.
3. The organic silicon compound fertilizer for saline-alkali soil improvement according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: when the saline-alkali soil is moderate saline-alkali soil, the organic silicon content is more than or equal to 2% and less than or equal to 3%, and the activated humic acid content is more than or equal to 8% and less than or equal to 10%.
4. The organic silicon compound fertilizer for saline-alkali soil improvement according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: when the saline-alkali soil is mild saline-alkali soil, the organic silicon content is more than or equal to 1% and less than or equal to 2%, and the activated humic acid content is more than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 8%.
5. The organic silicon compound fertilizer for saline-alkali soil improvement according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: when the pH value of the saline-alkali soil is more than or equal to 8.5, the fulvic acid is more than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 10%; when the pH value of the saline-alkali soil is less than 8.5, the fulvic acid is more than or equal to 1% and less than or equal to 5%.
6. The organic silicon compound fertilizer for saline-alkali soil improvement as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that: the organic silicon is modified polymethyl siloxane.
7. The organic silicon compound fertilizer for saline-alkali soil improvement as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that: the activated humic acid is formed by acidifying natural lignite by hydrogen peroxide, and the acid value is controlled to be 3-4.
8. A method for preparing the organic silicon compound fertilizer for saline-alkali soil improvement of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a base fertilizer: uniformly mixing the fertilizers to prepare a base fertilizer with nitrogen being more than or equal to 15 percent, phosphorus being more than or equal to 15 percent, potassium being more than or equal to 15 percent and organic matter being more than or equal to 15 percent;
(2) preparing organic silicon compound fertilizer aiming at saline-alkali soil of different degrees: adding organic silicon, activated humic acid and fulvic acid according to the detection result of the soil, fully and uniformly mixing, and performing ball milling to a certain granularity to obtain the organic silicon compound fertilizer for saline-alkali soil of different degrees.
CN202110537571.9A 2021-05-18 2021-05-18 Organic silicon compound fertilizer for improving saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof Withdrawn CN113292382A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114384038A (en) * 2021-12-09 2022-04-22 河北硅谷肥业有限公司 Quantitative detection method for organic silicon in organic silicon functional fertilizer
CN114375666A (en) * 2022-01-24 2022-04-22 河北硅谷肥业有限公司 Fertilizing method for improving crop yield in saline-alkali soil and fertilizer
CN114478137A (en) * 2022-01-19 2022-05-13 河北硅谷肥业有限公司 Fertilizer for treating farmland soil hardening and fertilizing method

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114384038A (en) * 2021-12-09 2022-04-22 河北硅谷肥业有限公司 Quantitative detection method for organic silicon in organic silicon functional fertilizer
CN114384038B (en) * 2021-12-09 2023-09-01 河北硅谷肥业有限公司 Quantitative detection method for organic silicon in organic silicon functional fertilizer
CN114478137A (en) * 2022-01-19 2022-05-13 河北硅谷肥业有限公司 Fertilizer for treating farmland soil hardening and fertilizing method
CN114375666A (en) * 2022-01-24 2022-04-22 河北硅谷肥业有限公司 Fertilizing method for improving crop yield in saline-alkali soil and fertilizer
CN114375666B (en) * 2022-01-24 2023-10-13 河北硅谷肥业有限公司 Fertilizing method and fertilizer for improving crop yield in saline-alkali soil

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