CN113292321B - Steel ladle low-carbon working lining brick - Google Patents

Steel ladle low-carbon working lining brick Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113292321B
CN113292321B CN202110698054.XA CN202110698054A CN113292321B CN 113292321 B CN113292321 B CN 113292321B CN 202110698054 A CN202110698054 A CN 202110698054A CN 113292321 B CN113292321 B CN 113292321B
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powder
corundum
aluminum
lining brick
brick
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CN113292321A (en
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侯会峰
黄奥
侯振东
王俊超
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Zhengzhou Zhendong Technology Co ltd
Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
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Zhengzhou Zhendong Technology Co ltd
Wuhan University of Science and Engineering WUSE
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    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
    • C04B35/101—Refractories from grain sized mixtures
    • C04B35/103—Refractories from grain sized mixtures containing non-oxide refractory materials, e.g. carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/02—Linings
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Abstract

The invention discloses a ladle low-carbon working lining brick, which is prepared from 50-70 wt% of corundum particles, 2-10 wt% of magnesia particles, 15-22 wt% of corundum fine powder, 2-6 wt% of magnesium oxide micropowder, 1-5 wt% of active alumina micropowder, 0.5-3 wt% of graphite powder, 0.2-0.5 wt% of silicon carbide powder, 1-3 wt% of lanthanum oxide powder, 0.4-0.7 wt% of metal aluminum powder, 0.2-0.5 wt% of metal titanium powder and 4-9 wt% of aluminum calcium slag powder as raw materials: firstly, mixing all raw materials except the aluminum calcium slag powder, then dry-pressing the mixture into a green brick, putting the green brick into a graphite crucible with the length, width and height of an inner cavity being 5% larger than the green brick, and wrapping heat-insulating fiber cotton outside the graphite crucible; pouring molten aluminum-calcium slag powder into a graphite crucible, quickly covering a fiberboard cover, naturally cooling to room temperature, and removing the graphite crucible to obtain the finished product of the low-carbon working lining brick for the steel ladle. The low-carbon working lining brick for the steel ladle prepared by the invention does not need to use a resin bonding agent, is environment-friendly and does not cause pollution to the environment.

Description

Steel ladle low-carbon working lining brick
Technical Field
The invention relates to a refractory material, in particular to a ladle low-carbon working lining brick.
Background
With the development of external refining and continuous casting technologies, the ladle is gradually changed from the original molten steel container with single function into external molten steel refining equipment with complex function. The extension of the residence time of the molten steel in the ladle and the increase of the tapping temperature make the working environment of the ladle more severe. In order to adapt to the change of the working environment of the steel ladle, the domestic steel ladle generally adopts carbon composite refractory materials such as aluminum-magnesium-carbon bricks and the like. When in use, the ladle using the alumina-magnesia carbon brick and the like as the lining is found to have high thermal conductivity, fast temperature drop of molten steel and no contribution to smooth continuous casting production on the one hand, and on the other hand, the carbon-containing product has obvious recarburization effect on the molten steel and is not suitable for smelting low-carbon steel and clean steel. Therefore, in recent years, the steel-clad carbon composite lining material has been gradually reduced in carbon.
The low-carbon composite refractory material is highly concerned in various fields due to the superiorities of reducing self thermal conductivity and total carbon content, effectively reducing recarburization on molten steel and the like, and becomes a new development focus of the carbon composite refractory material for the steel ladle.
At present, when ultra-low carbon steel such as silicon steel, bridge steel, automobile plate steel and the like is smelted, the ultra-low carbon steel must be refined in a VD furnace under a vacuum condition, argon blowing and stirring are carried out on the bottom of a steel ladle, and thermodynamic and kinetic conditions, desulfurization, alloying, temperature rise and the like need to be strengthened through steps of LF furnace arc heating, furnace reducing atmosphere, white slag refining, gas stirring and the like, so that the slag alkalinity range is large, the temperature of molten steel and slag is higher, the detention time of the molten steel in the steel ladle is prolonged, the thermal shock property is strong, the stirring force is large, and the factors can aggravate the damage of a lining of the steel ladle. The research shows that: the simple reduction of the carbon content in the carbon composite refractory material can cause the deterioration of the slag resistance, the thermal shock resistance and the scour resistance of the material; meanwhile, the existing ladle low-carbon composite refractory material not only needs to use resin as a bonding agent (which can cause environmental pollution), but also has weak slag resistance, thermal shock resistance and scouring resistance, has a short service life (generally about 115 times), and cannot completely meet the requirements of ladle refining production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ladle low-carbon working lining brick which can meet the requirement of ladle refining production, does not need resin bonding agent and is environment-friendly.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention can adopt the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a ladle low-carbon working lining brick, which is prepared from raw materials of corundum particles, magnesia particles, corundum fine powder, magnesia micro powder, activated alumina micro powder, graphite powder, silicon carbide powder, lanthanum oxide powder, metal aluminum powder, metal titanium powder and aluminum calcium slag powder according to the following mass percentage formula and method:
the raw material formula is as follows:
50-70 wt% of corundum particles, 2-10 wt% of magnesia particles, 15-22 wt% of corundum fine powder, 2-6 wt% of magnesium oxide micro powder, 1-5 wt% of active alumina micro powder, 0.5-3 wt% of graphite powder, 0.2-0.5 wt% of silicon carbide powder, 1-3 wt% of lanthanum oxide powder, 0.4-0.7 wt% of metal aluminum powder, 0.2-0.5 wt% of metal titanium powder and 4-9 wt% of aluminum calcium slag powder;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, premixing magnesium oxide micro powder, active aluminum oxide micro powder, graphite powder, silicon carbide powder, lanthanum oxide powder, metal aluminum powder and metal titanium powder uniformly in raw materials, and then mixing the mixture with corundum particles, magnesia particles and corundum fine powder uniformly to obtain a mixture;
secondly, pressing the mixture into a green brick under the pressure of 50MPa, and then putting the green brick into a graphite crucible, wherein the length, width and height of an inner cavity of the graphite crucible are 5% larger than those of the green brick; and wrapping heat-insulating cellucotton outside the graphite crucible;
and thirdly, pouring molten liquid aluminum-calcium slag powder into the graphite crucible, quickly covering the graphite crucible with a fiberboard cover, naturally cooling to room temperature, and removing the graphite crucible to obtain the finished product of the steel ladle low-carbon working lining brick.
The temperature of the molten aluminum calcium slag powder is 1500-1600 ℃.
The thickness of parcel thermal-insulated cellucotton outside graphite crucible is 12~15mm, the thickness of fibreboard lid is 12~15 mm.
The corundum is sintered corundum or fused corundum, wherein Al2O3The content is more than 99 wt%; the particle size of the corundum particles is 5-0.15 mm, and the particle size of the corundum fine powder is less than 0.088 mm.
The magnesite is sintered magnesite or fused magnesite, wherein the content of MgO is more than 97wt%, and the particle size of the magnesite particles is 5-0.15 mm.
The MgO content in the magnesium oxide micro powder is more than 99wt%, and the particle size is less than 0.007 mm.
Al in the active alumina micro powder2O3The content is more than 99wt%, and the grain diameter is less than 0.008 mm.
The purities of the graphite powder, the silicon carbide powder, the lanthanum oxide powder, the metal aluminum powder and the metal titanium powder are all more than 98wt%, and the particle sizes of the graphite powder, the silicon carbide powder, the lanthanum oxide powder, the metal aluminum powder and the metal titanium powder are less than 0.15 mm.
Al in the aluminum-calcium slag powder2O3SiO in an amount of 23 to 45 wt%2Content < 5 wt.%, Fe2O3Content < 2.5 wt.%, TiO2The content is less than 3wt%, and the MgO content is less than 2 wt%.
The heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation cellucotton and the fiberboard cover is 0.05-0.1W/m.K.
The invention has the advantages that:
the invention melts the aluminum calcium slag powder into liquid state and then pours the liquid state on the green brick formed by dry pressing the mixture, because the viscosity of the slag is lower, the slag can be evenly wrapped outside the green brick under the restriction of the inner cavity of the graphite crucible, the high temperature slag firstly melts the metal aluminum powder in the green brick to ensure that the metal aluminum powder expands and flows or is plastically strained to promote the dispersion uniformity of the slag, and the metal aluminum powder gradually forms Al @ Al by utilizing the oxidation reaction and the non-wetting property of the slag2O3The balls are uniformly dispersed in the matrix of the refractory material and react with metallic titanium to form TiAl @ Al of a part of titanium-containing aluminum alloy2O3A ball; meanwhile, the slag reacts with the lanthanum oxide, the active alumina micro powder and the magnesium oxide micro powder to gradually form a composite ceramic bonding phase of lanthanum hexaluminate, calcium hexaluminate and aluminum-magnesium spinel; moreover, the graphite and the TiAl alloy can further form a TiAl C phase; in addition, certain temperature distribution and change can be generated in the graphite crucible in the slag pouring process, so that the mixture forms a gradient structure with rigidity and flexibility, and the metal-ceramic composite toughening is combined, so that the hot surface of the brick body in service at high temperature has good slag resistance and steel slag scouring resistance, and the whole brick also has good strength and thermal shock resistance. The volume density of the finished brick body is tested>3.10g/cm3Apparent porosity<3 percent of thermal rupture strength at 1400 ℃ for 0.5h>10MPa, and the service life of the ladle working lining can be greatly prolonged by using the brick as the ladle lining brick. The brick is applied to a large-scale refining ladle as a working lining brick, and the average service life of the ladle can be longer than 130 times.
Meanwhile, the steel ladle low-carbon working lining brick prepared by the invention does not need to use a resin bonding agent, is environment-friendly and does not cause pollution to the environment.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in greater detail below with reference to specific implementations to facilitate understanding for those skilled in the art.
The ladle low-carbon working lining brick prepared by the invention uses the following raw materials:
1. corundum particles, corundum fine powder: the corundum is sintered corundum or fused corundum, wherein Al2O3The content is more than 99 wt%; the grain size of the corundum particles is 5-0.15 mm, and the grain size of the corundum fine powder is less than 0.088 mm.
2. Magnesia particles: the magnesite is sintered magnesite or fused magnesite, wherein the content of MgO is more than 97wt%, and the particle size of magnesite particles is 5-0.15 mm.
3. Magnesium oxide micro powder: the MgO content in the magnesia micro powder is more than 99wt%, and the grain diameter is less than 0.007 mm.
4. Activated alumina micropowder: al in active alumina micropowder2O3The content is more than 99wt%, and the grain diameter is less than 0.008 mm.
5. Graphite powder, silicon carbide powder, lanthanum oxide powder, metal aluminum powder and metal titanium powder: the purity is more than 98wt%, and the grain diameter is less than 0.15 mm.
6. Aluminum calcium slag powder: al is required in the aluminum calcium slag powder2O3SiO in an amount of 23 to 45 wt%2Content < 5wt%, Fe2O3Content < 2.5 wt.%, TiO2The content is less than 3wt%, and the MgO content is less than 2 wt%.
Example 1 preparation of work lining brick applied to 120t refining ladle
Raw material formula 1:
63.6 wt% of corundum particles, 2wt% of magnesite particles, 18wt% of corundum fine powder, 5wt% of magnesium oxide micro powder, 1 wt% of activated alumina micro powder, 0.5 wt% of graphite powder, 0.2 wt% of silicon carbide powder, 1 wt% of lanthanum oxide powder, 0.5 wt% of metal aluminum powder, 0.2 wt% of metal titanium powder and 8wt% of aluminum calcium slag powder.
During preparation, firstly, uniformly premixing the magnesium oxide micro powder, the activated aluminum oxide micro powder, the graphite powder, the silicon carbide powder, the lanthanum oxide powder, the metal aluminum powder and the metal titanium powder in the raw materials, and then uniformly mixing the mixture with the corundum particles, the magnesia particles and the corundum fine powder to obtain a mixture; then, dry-pressing the mixture under the pressure of 50MPa to form a green brick, putting the green brick into a graphite crucible with the length, width and height of an inner cavity being 5 percent larger than the size of the green brick, and wrapping heat-insulating fiber cotton with the thickness of 12-15 mm outside the graphite crucible; and finally, melting the aluminum calcium slag powder into a liquid state at the temperature of 1500-1600 ℃, pouring the liquid state into a graphite crucible, quickly covering a fiberboard cover with the thickness of 12-15 mm, and naturally cooling to room temperature, and removing the graphite crucible to obtain the finished product of the low-carbon steel ladle working lining brick.
The volume density of the ladle low-carbon working lining brick prepared in the example 1 is tested to be 3.17g/cm3The apparent porosity is 2.3 percent, the thermal rupture strength is 12MPa at 1400 ℃ for 0.5h, the average service life of the ladle can reach 142 times when the refractory material is applied to a 120t refined steel ladle.
Example 2 preparation of work lining brick applied to 120t refining ladle
Raw material formula 2:
59.5wt% of corundum particles, 5wt% of magnesite particles, 15wt% of corundum fine powder, 6wt% of magnesium oxide micro powder, 5wt% of activated alumina micro powder, 1.5 wt% of graphite powder, 0.3 wt% of silicon carbide powder, 3wt% of lanthanum oxide powder, 0.4 wt% of metal aluminum powder, 0.3 wt% of metal titanium powder and 4wt% of aluminum calcium slag powder.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
The volume density of the ladle low-carbon working lining brick prepared in the example 2 is 3.15g/cm3The apparent porosity is 1.9 percent, the hot breaking strength is 11MPa at 1400 ℃ multiplied by 0.5h, the average service life of the ladle can reach 150 times when the ladle is applied to a 120t refined steel ladle.
Example 3 preparation of working lining brick for 150t refining ladle
The raw material formula is as follows:
53.8wt% of corundum particles, 7wt% of magnesite particles, 22wt% of corundum fine powder, 2wt% of magnesium oxide micro powder, 3wt% of activated alumina micro powder, 3wt% of graphite powder, 0.5 wt% of silicon carbide powder, 1.5 wt% of lanthanum oxide powder, 0.7 wt% of metal aluminum powder, 0.5 wt% of metal titanium powder and 6wt% of aluminum calcium slag powder.
The preparation method is the same as example 1.
Tested, the ladle prepared in example 2The volume density of the low-carbon working lining brick is 3.11g/cm3The apparent porosity is 1.5 percent, the hot breaking strength is 13.5MPa at 1400 ℃ for 0.5h, and the average service life of the ladle can reach 135 times when the hot breaking strength is applied to 150t refined steel ladles.
In actual preparation, the used raw materials are properly adjusted within the range disclosed by the invention, and the requirements of refining production of various types of steel ladles can be met.

Claims (10)

1. A ladle low-carbon work lining brick is characterized in that: the corundum particle-activated alumina composite material is prepared from raw materials including corundum particles, magnesia particles, corundum fine powder, magnesium oxide micro powder, activated alumina micro powder, graphite powder, silicon carbide powder, lanthanum oxide powder, metal aluminum powder, metal titanium powder and aluminum calcium slag powder according to the following mass percentage formula and method:
the raw material formula is as follows:
50-70 wt% of corundum particles, 2-10 wt% of magnesia particles, 15-22 wt% of corundum fine powder, 2-6 wt% of magnesium oxide micro powder, 1-5 wt% of active alumina micro powder, 0.5-3 wt% of graphite powder, 0.2-0.5 wt% of silicon carbide powder, 1-3 wt% of lanthanum oxide powder, 0.4-0.7 wt% of metal aluminum powder, 0.2-0.5 wt% of metal titanium powder and 4-9 wt% of aluminum calcium slag powder;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, premixing magnesium oxide micro powder, active aluminum oxide micro powder, graphite powder, silicon carbide powder, lanthanum oxide powder, metal aluminum powder and metal titanium powder uniformly in raw materials, and then mixing the mixture with corundum particles, magnesia particles and corundum fine powder uniformly to obtain a mixture;
secondly, dry-pressing the mixture into a green brick under the pressure of 50MPa, and then putting the green brick into a graphite crucible, wherein the length, width and height of an inner cavity of the graphite crucible are 5% larger than those of the green brick; and wrapping heat-insulating cellucotton outside the graphite crucible;
and thirdly, pouring molten liquid aluminum-calcium slag powder into the graphite crucible, quickly covering the graphite crucible with a fiberboard cover, naturally cooling to room temperature, and removing the graphite crucible to obtain the finished product of the steel ladle low-carbon working lining brick.
2. The ladle low carbon work lining brick of claim 1, wherein: the aluminum-calcium slag powder is melted into a liquid state at the temperature of 1500-1600 ℃.
3. The ladle low carbon work lining brick of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the heat insulation cellucotton wrapped outside the graphite crucible is 12-15 mm, and the thickness of the fiberboard cover is 12-15 mm.
4. The ladle low carbon work lining brick of claim 1, wherein: the corundum is sintered corundum or fused corundum, wherein Al 2O 3The content is more than 99 wt%; the grain size of the corundum particles is 5-0.15 mm, and the grain size of the corundum fine powder is less than 0.088 mm.
5. The ladle low carbon work lining brick of claim 1, wherein: the magnesite is sintered magnesite or fused magnesite, wherein the content of MgO is more than 97wt%, and the particle size of the magnesite particles is 5-0.15 mm.
6. The ladle low carbon work lining brick of claim 1, wherein: the MgO content in the magnesium oxide micro powder is more than 99wt%, and the particle size is less than 0.007 mm.
7. The ladle low carbon work lining brick of claim 1, wherein: al in the active alumina micro powder2O 3The content is more than 99wt%, and the grain diameter is less than 0.008 mm.
8. The ladle low carbon work lining brick of claim 1, wherein: the purities of the graphite powder, the silicon carbide powder, the lanthanum oxide powder, the metal aluminum powder and the metal titanium powder are all more than 98wt%, and the particle sizes of the graphite powder, the silicon carbide powder, the lanthanum oxide powder, the metal aluminum powder and the metal titanium powder are less than 0.15 mm.
9. The ladle low carbon work lining brick of claim 1, wherein: al in the aluminum-calcium slag powder2O 3SiO in an amount of 23 to 45 wt%2Content < 5wt%, Fe 2O3Content < 2.5 wt.%, TiO2The content is less than 3wt%, and the MgO content is less than 2 wt%.
10. The ladle low carbon work lining brick of claim 1, wherein: the heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulation cellucotton and the fiberboard cover is 0.05-0.1W/m.K.
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