CN113292276A - Environment-friendly gangue brick processing method - Google Patents

Environment-friendly gangue brick processing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113292276A
CN113292276A CN202110517730.9A CN202110517730A CN113292276A CN 113292276 A CN113292276 A CN 113292276A CN 202110517730 A CN202110517730 A CN 202110517730A CN 113292276 A CN113292276 A CN 113292276A
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China
Prior art keywords
coal gangue
box body
gangue
powder
screening
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Pending
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CN202110517730.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
林建新
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lixin Ruji Nanyang Wall Material Co ltd
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Lixin Ruji Nanyang Wall Material Co ltd
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Priority to CN202110517730.9A priority Critical patent/CN113292276A/en
Publication of CN113292276A publication Critical patent/CN113292276A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/24Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
    • B28B11/243Setting, e.g. drying, dehydrating or firing ceramic articles
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/12Waste materials; Refuse from quarries, mining or the like
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/02Treatment
    • C04B20/026Comminuting, e.g. by grinding or breaking; Defibrillating fibres other than asbestos
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/02Selection of the hardening environment
    • C04B40/0263Hardening promoted by a rise in temperature
    • C04B40/0268Heating up to sintering temperatures
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an environment-friendly gangue brick processing method, which comprises the steps of drying gangue; screening coal gangue, namely screening coal gangue particles which can be directly mixed and also screening unusable impurities; crushing the coal gangue, namely, further crushing the screened coal gangue particles to form coal gangue powder, and crushing the coal gangue powder into particles with the sizes meeting the screening standard; preparing concrete slurry, adding water glass, a hardening agent and acid-resistant powder, mixing with the coal gangue powder, and stirring to obtain the concrete slurry; pouring concrete slurry into the brick mold; and firing the brick mold after the backward flow at high temperature. The method solves the problems that the coal gangue contains heavy metals with lower concentration, and the content of some heavy metals is far beyond the background value of soil, so that certain environmental risk still exists in the accumulation or backfill disposal process.

Description

Environment-friendly gangue brick processing method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of gangue bricks, in particular to an environment-friendly gangue brick processing method.
Background
The coal gangue is associated and symbiotic with coal in the coal forming process, and is solid waste generated in the coal mining and cleaning processes, the gangue discharge amount of a coal mine accounts for about 10-25% of the total coal mining amount, and the coal gangue becomes industrial solid waste with the largest accumulated amount and occupied area in China. Currently, the total inventory of national coal gangue is about 45 hundred million tons, and still increases year by year. The coal gangue contains combustible substances such as residual coal, carbonaceous mudstone and the like, and after long-term open-air accumulation, spontaneous combustion often occurs, and a large amount of gases such as CO, CO2, SO2 and the like and other organic harmful gases are discharged, SO that the pollution to the atmosphere, soil and water resources is caused, and geological disasters are easily caused. Meanwhile, the coal gangue contains heavy metals with lower concentration, such as: the content of Cd, Cu, Ni, Hg, Pb, Sn and other heavy metals far exceeds the background value of soil, so that certain environmental risk still exists in the accumulation or backfill disposal process. However, the coal gangue has the properties of coal, rock and chemical raw materials, is an available resource, and if the coal gangue can be comprehensively utilized, the environment of a mining area can be improved, resources can be saved, the occupied area can be reduced, and the sustainable development of the mining area is promoted. Therefore, the multi-channel, large-scale resource and safe consumption of the coal gangue is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an environment-friendly gangue brick processing method, which aims to solve the problems that the gangue contains heavy metals with lower concentration, such as: the content of Cd, Cu, Ni, Hg, Pb, Sn and other heavy metals far exceeds the background value of soil, so that the heavy metals still have certain environmental risk in the process of accumulation or backfill disposal.
An environment-friendly gangue brick processing method comprises the steps of
Drying the coal gangue;
screening coal gangue, namely screening coal gangue particles which can be directly mixed and also screening unusable impurities;
crushing the coal gangue, namely, further crushing the screened coal gangue particles to form coal gangue powder, and crushing the coal gangue powder into particles with the sizes meeting the screening standard;
preparing concrete slurry, adding water glass, a hardening agent and acid-resistant powder, mixing with the coal gangue powder, and stirring to obtain the concrete slurry;
pouring concrete slurry into the brick mold;
and firing the brick mold after the backward flow at high temperature.
As an embodiment of the invention, the acid-resistant powder comprises one or more of quartz powder, porcelain powder and silica gel powder.
As an embodiment of the invention, the coal gangue crushing comprises crushing the coal gangue blocks,
further ball-milling the coal gangue particles with the particle size of less than 0.15mm to prepare coal gangue micropowder, wherein the specific surface area of the coal gangue micropowder is more than or equal to 350m2/kg, and meanwhile, the superfine coal gangue micropowder with the particle size of less than 50 mu m accounts for more than 90 percent of the total mass and is used as a cementing material for preparing alkali-activated coal gangue concrete;
further screening coal gangue particles with the particle size of more than 0.15mm and less than 0.5mm, preparing the coal gangue particles into continuous gradation, and using the continuous gradation as fine aggregate for preparing alkali-activated coal gangue concrete;
and further screening the coal gangue blocks with the particle size of more than 0.5mm and less than 30mm, and preparing the coal gangue blocks into continuous gradation, wherein the coal gangue blocks are used as coarse aggregates for preparing alkali-activated coal gangue concrete.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the high temperature firing of the brick mold after the back pouring includes pouring concrete slurry into the brick mold
Transporting the mold to a drying room;
the drying temperature in the drying room is 650-750 ℃;
and (5) drying and cooling.
As an example of the invention, the block is cooled after firing and then packaged after cooling.
A drying room for drying gangue bricks in a mould, which comprises
The heater is arranged in the box body;
the switch door is hinged to the outer end of the lower surface of the box body, and one side of the switch door is an inclined surface;
the winding disc is externally connected with a motor and is arranged in the box body;
the driving roller is rotatably arranged in the box body;
the driven roller is rotatably arranged at the upper part in the box body;
one end of the steel cable is fixedly connected with the winding disc, and the other end of the steel cable bypasses the driving roller and the driven roller and is connected with the switch door;
one end of the conveying belt is arranged in the box body, the other end of the conveying belt extends out of the box body, and the mold is placed on the surface of the conveying belt;
the heating member, the heating member is located the box.
As an embodiment of the invention, the lower part of the side surface of the box body is provided with a discharge hole, and the other end of the conveyor belt extends out of the discharge hole.
As an embodiment of the invention, the conveyor belt extends out of the discharge opening part and is connected with the box body through a fixed rod.
As an embodiment of the invention, a driving shaft is connected to the part, located in the box body, of the conveyor belt, so that the conveyor belt is driven to rotate to convey materials.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the alkali-activated coal gangue concrete prepared by using coal gangue as a main raw material has the characteristics of obvious early strength and high strength, and the blending of the slag micro powder and the ground hydrated lime powder further activates the polymerization reaction activity of the coal gangue raw material, promotes the polymerization reaction and the formation of a polymerization product, improves the polymerization reaction efficiency, and thus obviously enhances the compression strength and the rupture strength of the alkali-activated coal gangue concrete.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a mold according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a front view of a drying room according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more apparent, the present disclosure is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
It is to be noted that unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in one or more embodiments of the present specification should have the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in one or more embodiments of the specification is not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather is used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
An environment-friendly gangue brick processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps
Drying the coal gangue;
screening coal gangue, namely screening coal gangue particles which can be directly mixed and also screening unusable impurities;
crushing the coal gangue, namely, further crushing the screened coal gangue particles to form coal gangue powder, and crushing the coal gangue powder into particles with the sizes meeting the screening standard;
preparing concrete slurry, adding water glass, a hardening agent and acid-resistant powder, mixing with the coal gangue powder, and stirring to obtain the concrete slurry;
pouring concrete slurry into the brick mold;
and firing the brick mold after the backward flow at high temperature.
The acid-resistant powder comprises one or more of quartz powder, porcelain powder and silica gel powder.
The coal gangue crushing comprises crushing a coal gangue block,
further ball-milling the coal gangue particles with the particle size of less than 0.15mm to prepare coal gangue micropowder, wherein the specific surface area of the coal gangue micropowder is more than or equal to 350m2/kg, and meanwhile, the superfine coal gangue micropowder with the particle size of less than 50 mu m accounts for more than 90 percent of the total mass and is used as a cementing material for preparing alkali-activated coal gangue concrete;
further screening coal gangue particles with the particle size of more than 0.15mm and less than 0.5mm, preparing the coal gangue particles into continuous gradation, and using the continuous gradation as fine aggregate for preparing alkali-activated coal gangue concrete;
and further screening the coal gangue blocks with the particle size of more than 0.5mm and less than 30mm, and preparing the coal gangue blocks into continuous gradation, wherein the coal gangue blocks are used as coarse aggregates for preparing alkali-activated coal gangue concrete. And re-crushing the coal gangue blocks with the particle size of more than 30 mm.
The high-temperature baking of the brick mold after the backward flow comprises
Pouring concrete slurry into a brick mold
Transporting the mold to a drying room;
the drying temperature in the drying room is 650-750 ℃;
and (5) drying and cooling.
And (5) cooling the bricks after firing, and packaging the bricks after cooling.
As shown in figures 1 to 2, the drying room is used for drying coal gangue bricks in a mould 1 and comprises
A box body 131, wherein a heater is arranged in the box body 131;
the switch door 133, the switch door 133 is hinged to the outer end of the lower surface of the box body 131, and one side of the switch door 133 is an inclined surface;
the winding disc 139 is externally connected with a motor, and the winding disc 139 is arranged in the box body 131;
the driving roller 137 is rotatably arranged in the box body 131;
a driven roller 136 rotatably provided at an upper portion in the case 131;
one end of the steel cable is fixedly connected with the winding disc 139, and the other end of the steel cable is connected with the switch door 133 by bypassing the driving roller 137 and the driven roller;
one end of the conveyor belt 33 is arranged in the box body, the other end of the conveyor belt extends out of the box body 131, and the mold 1 is placed on the surface of the conveyor belt 33;
and the heating member 3, wherein the heating member 3 is arranged in the box body 131.
The lower part of the side surface of the box 131 is provided with a discharge hole 1311, and the other end of the conveyor belt 33 extends out of the discharge hole 1311.
The part of the conveyor belt 33 extending out of the discharge port 1311 is connected with the box 131 through a fixing rod 35.
The part of the conveyor belt 33, which is located in the box 131, is connected with a driving shaft 31 to drive the conveyor belt 33 to rotate so as to convey the materials.
The coal gangue is associated and symbiotic with coal in the coal forming process, and is solid waste generated in the coal mining and cleaning processes, the gangue discharge amount of a coal mine accounts for about 10-25% of the total coal mining amount, and the coal gangue becomes industrial solid waste with the largest accumulated amount and occupied area in China. Currently, the total inventory of national coal gangue is about 45 hundred million tons, and still increases year by year. The coal gangue contains combustible substances such as residual coal, carbonaceous mudstone and the like, and after long-term open-air accumulation, spontaneous combustion often occurs, and a large amount of gases such as CO, CO2, SO2 and the like and other organic harmful gases are discharged, SO that the pollution to the atmosphere, soil and water resources is caused, and geological disasters are easily caused. Meanwhile, the coal gangue contains heavy metals with lower concentration, such as: the content of Cd, Cu, Ni, Hg, Pb, Sn and other heavy metals far exceeds the background value of soil, so that certain environmental risk still exists in the accumulation or backfill disposal process. However, the coal gangue has the properties of coal, rock and chemical raw materials, is an available resource, and if the coal gangue can be comprehensively utilized, the environment of a mining area can be improved, resources can be saved, the occupied area can be reduced, and the sustainable development of the mining area is promoted. Therefore, the multi-channel, large-scale resource and safe consumption of the coal gangue is urgent.
Through this application, place the gangue fragment of brick and transmit and convey on conveyer belt 33 surface, do not need artifical transport, before drying, put down switch door 133, put the gangue fragment of brick in the transport vechicle, enter into box 131 with the transport vechicle through the inclined plane in, heating element 3 heats the gangue fragment of brick in the box and dries, after the heating, start winding dish 139, tighten up the back with the cable wire, the cable wire tightens up the back, again will slowly receive switch door 133, the conveyer belt transports the gangue fragment of brick to discharge gate 1311, the transport vechicle takes out the gangue fragment of brick at discharge gate 1311 and packs, this moment at the removal transport vechicle, the gangue fragment of brick who loads the transport vechicle surface unloads and gets rid of.

Claims (9)

1. An environment-friendly gangue brick processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps
Drying the coal gangue;
screening coal gangue, namely screening coal gangue particles which can be directly mixed and also screening unusable impurities;
crushing the coal gangue, namely, further crushing the screened coal gangue particles to form coal gangue powder, and crushing the coal gangue powder into particles with the sizes meeting the screening standard;
preparing concrete slurry, adding water glass, a hardening agent and acid-resistant powder, mixing with the coal gangue powder, and stirring to obtain the concrete slurry;
pouring concrete slurry into the brick mold;
and firing the brick mold after the backward flow at high temperature.
2. The environment-friendly coal gangue brick processing method as defined in claim 1, wherein the acid-resistant powder comprises one or more of quartz powder, porcelain powder and silica gel powder.
3. The environment-friendly coal gangue brick processing method as defined in claim 1, wherein the coal gangue crushing comprises crushing coal gangue blocks,
further ball-milling the coal gangue particles with the particle size of less than 0.15mm to prepare coal gangue micropowder, wherein the specific surface area of the coal gangue micropowder is more than or equal to 350m2/kg, and meanwhile, the superfine coal gangue micropowder with the particle size of less than 50 mu m accounts for more than 90 percent of the total mass and is used as a cementing material for preparing alkali-activated coal gangue concrete;
further screening coal gangue particles with the particle size of more than 0.15mm and less than 0.5mm, preparing the coal gangue particles into continuous gradation, and using the continuous gradation as fine aggregate for preparing alkali-activated coal gangue concrete;
and further screening the coal gangue blocks with the particle size of more than 0.5mm and less than 30mm, and preparing the coal gangue blocks into continuous gradation, wherein the coal gangue blocks are used as coarse aggregates for preparing alkali-activated coal gangue concrete.
4. The environment-friendly coal gangue brick processing method as defined in claim 3, wherein the high-temperature firing of the poured brick mold comprises
Pouring concrete slurry into a brick mold
Transporting the mold to a drying room;
the drying temperature in the drying room is 650-750 ℃;
and (5) drying and cooling.
5. The environment-friendly coal gangue brick processing method as defined in claim 4, wherein the bricks are cooled after firing and packed after cooling.
6. A drying room is used for drying gangue bricks in a mold and is characterized by comprising a box body, wherein a heater is arranged in the box body;
the switch door is hinged to the outer end of the lower surface of the box body, and one side of the switch door is an inclined surface;
the winding disc is externally connected with a motor and is arranged in the box body;
the driving roller is rotatably arranged in the box body;
the driven roller is rotatably arranged at the upper part in the box body;
one end of the steel cable is fixedly connected with the winding disc, and the other end of the steel cable bypasses the driving roller and the driven roller and is connected with the switch door;
one end of the conveying belt is arranged in the box body, the other end of the conveying belt extends out of the box body, and the mold is placed on the surface of the conveying belt;
the heating member, the heating member is located the box.
7. The environment-friendly coal gangue brick processing method as defined in claim 6, wherein a discharge port is formed at the lower part of the side surface of the box body, and the other end of the conveyor belt extends out of the discharge port.
8. The environment-friendly coal gangue brick processing method as defined in claim 7, wherein the conveyor belt extends out of the discharge port part and is connected with the box body through a fixing rod.
9. The environment-friendly coal gangue brick processing method as defined in claim 8, wherein a driving shaft is connected to the inner part of the box body of the conveyor belt to drive the conveyor belt to rotate so as to convey the material.
CN202110517730.9A 2021-05-12 2021-05-12 Environment-friendly gangue brick processing method Pending CN113292276A (en)

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CN202110517730.9A CN113292276A (en) 2021-05-12 2021-05-12 Environment-friendly gangue brick processing method

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110517730.9A CN113292276A (en) 2021-05-12 2021-05-12 Environment-friendly gangue brick processing method

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114685145A (en) * 2022-04-08 2022-07-01 重庆交通职业学院 Resource treatment method for coal gangue

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101445343A (en) * 2008-12-18 2009-06-03 张云松 Sintered coal gangue slag concrete porous brick
CN105000832A (en) * 2015-06-16 2015-10-28 镇江港和新型建材有限公司 Coal gangue concrete and preparing method thereof
CN206222878U (en) * 2016-11-17 2017-06-06 重庆德环科技有限公司 A kind of high-efficiency ceramic bottle flash drying machine
CN207135869U (en) * 2017-08-01 2018-03-27 重庆辰央农业科技有限公司 A kind of foster feed for sheep conveyer
CN109369079A (en) * 2018-11-26 2019-02-22 安徽理工大学 A method of alkali-activated carbonatite coal gangue concrete is prepared by primary raw material of gangue
CN212205537U (en) * 2020-03-27 2020-12-22 山西义诺电子材料有限公司 Drying device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101445343A (en) * 2008-12-18 2009-06-03 张云松 Sintered coal gangue slag concrete porous brick
CN105000832A (en) * 2015-06-16 2015-10-28 镇江港和新型建材有限公司 Coal gangue concrete and preparing method thereof
CN206222878U (en) * 2016-11-17 2017-06-06 重庆德环科技有限公司 A kind of high-efficiency ceramic bottle flash drying machine
CN207135869U (en) * 2017-08-01 2018-03-27 重庆辰央农业科技有限公司 A kind of foster feed for sheep conveyer
CN109369079A (en) * 2018-11-26 2019-02-22 安徽理工大学 A method of alkali-activated carbonatite coal gangue concrete is prepared by primary raw material of gangue
CN212205537U (en) * 2020-03-27 2020-12-22 山西义诺电子材料有限公司 Drying device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114685145A (en) * 2022-04-08 2022-07-01 重庆交通职业学院 Resource treatment method for coal gangue
CN114685145B (en) * 2022-04-08 2022-10-11 重庆交通职业学院 Resource treatment method for coal gangue

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Application publication date: 20210824