CN113291978A

CN113291978A - Intelligent braking device for hoisting of crane

Info

Publication number: CN113291978A
Application number: CN202110588457.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘广宇; 王梦瑜; 左蓉
Original assignee: Tianjin Binhai New Area Inspection And Testing Center
Current assignee: Tianjin Binhai New Area Inspection And Testing Center
Priority date: 2021-05-28
Filing date: 2021-05-28
Publication date: 2021-08-24
Anticipated expiration: 2041-05-28
Also published as: CN113291978B

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent braking device for hoisting of a crane, which comprises a crane hanger and a sling mechanism, wherein a bearing roller is arranged between a pair of bearing walls of the crane hanger through a bearing assembly and is in transmission connection with a hoisting driving mechanism, the bearing roller is connected with a reverse self-locking mechanism through a transmission mechanism, the intelligent braking device comprises a transmission rod, the inner end of the transmission rod is in transmission connection with the bearing roller, the outer end of the transmission rod is provided with a convex plate wheel, n convex plates are uniformly and radially arranged on the circumference of the convex plate wheel in a radial direction, and n limiting plates are sequentially hinged to the inner wall of a cylindrical frame sleeved at the outer end of the transmission rod, so that each limiting plate can enter between adjacent convex plates at corresponding positions in an inclined state. According to the invention, the linear driving mechanism controls the reverse self-locking mechanism under the stalling state of the hoisting driving mechanism, so that each limiting plate enters each convex plate gap to safely brake the hoisting device, the safety threat is effectively reduced, and the hoisting device is moved more stably and smoothly.

Description

Intelligent braking device for hoisting of crane

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of crane braking, in particular to an automatic and intelligent braking device for crane hoisting.

Background

The crane is a multi-action crane which can vertically lift and horizontally carry heavy objects within a certain range, and the crane is characterized by making intermittent motion and mainly used for lifting and loading and unloading materials. The double-beam crane is widely applied to places such as workshops, stock yards, warehouses and the like, the lifting height of the double-beam crane is higher than that of a beam section by the crane with the same height relative to a single-beam crane, the lifting height of the double-beam crane is much larger than that of the single-beam crane, the working level is higher, but the existing double-beam crane still has some defects, such as: when the lifting device fails during working, the lifting device is not conveniently and safely braked, so that the rolling device is easily failed, and the safety threat is caused by the fact that materials fall out of control; in the process of driving the crane, the crane is not convenient to position, the crane is easy to shift in movement, and the crane is not stable and smooth enough to move; when the end beam collides in the driving process, the end beam cannot play a good buffering role, and the practicability of the end beam is reduced.

The heavy object at the tail end of the sling needs to be controlled and moved in multiple dimensions in a suspended state, each dimension movement needs to be simultaneously braked by a brake mechanism in a matched mode, the heavy object is vertically lifted by a single point, and the lifted object is easy to lose inertia out of control in the lifting process; the braking effect of the crane is poor, the brake brakes instantaneously, so that the brake loss is large, and the working efficiency of the crane is reduced due to the fact that the swing radian of the hoisted object is large due to the instantaneous braking force; in the prior art, more braking technologies are embodied in metering and braking between a track and a track wheel, and are rarely used for braking of a hoisting mechanism. The brake slip amount of the crane is an important index in the safety performance detection of the crane, and the brake slip amount of the crane needs to be measured frequently in actual production so as to ensure safe production. According to the national standard, if the brake slip amount exceeds the range allowed by the standard, the crane needs to be repaired. However, the existing crane braking glide quantity detector has complex structure composition, installation and use and high price, and cannot be widely applied.

The crane among the prior art often adopts self electric braking in the use, when needs are brakied at any moment, must effectual braking, is used for preventing dropping of article simultaneously (the article of hoisting when cutting off the power supply suddenly will drop in the twinkling of an eye for instance), and this kind of braking mode has certain drawback, because the crane is when hoist and mount the heavy object, because of the heavy object has great inertia factor, current crane braking system's effect is relatively poor at present.

The part is to hoisting machine's braking technique for CN 110562855A's a safe braking double-beam crane as publication number, including the end beam, the inboard rotation of end beam is connected with the walking wheel, the right-hand member of end beam upper surface passes through the first girder of bolt fixedly connected with, the right side of coiling case passes through bolt fixedly connected with second motor, the outside of coiling post is provided with wire rope through winding mode, the middle part fixedly connected with electric telescopic handle of box upper surface, the inboard hinged joint of box lower extreme has the braking plate, one side hinged joint that the pivot was kept away from to the braking plate has the connecting plate, the upper end of connecting rod passes through bolt fixedly connected with clamp plate, one side that the braking plate is close to the pivot is provided with the piece of stopping. Although the braking mode aiming at the double-beam crane can brake the hoisting device, the reliability is not strong, and the braking failure can be caused by the failure of a pressure plate in a braking system. The publication number is CN 102285591A discloses a hoist braking glide quantity detector, including the rated load that hangs on the hoist lifting hook, fix the measurement baffle on the rated load, attached pressure sensor on hoist arresting gear, the braking signal acquisition circuit that links to each other with pressure sensor through flexible wire and place the range sensor of measuring the baffle below, braking glide quantity calculation module and print and report the module, braking signal acquisition circuit and range sensor are connected through wired connection or wireless communication mode, range sensor, braking glide quantity calculation module and print and report the module and link to each other in proper order, the side at the rated load is fixed to the measurement baffle, range sensor is perpendicular to the measurement baffle. This scheme needs real-time measurement baffle to be fixed in rated load's side, just can avoid damaging range sensor because of rated load falls. The successful implementation of this solution relies on reliable operation of the detection element, and brake failure problems may occur over long periods of use.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides an intelligent braking device for crane hoisting, aiming at the current situation that the existing crane hoisting braking field is relatively short of a reliable hoisting braking scheme and various defects still exist in the existing hoisting braking scheme, and aiming at solving the braking problem of any position of a hoisting starting point, midway and a destination of a crane in the prior art and the problem that an object hoisted by a sudden power failure can instantly fall off and the like.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an intelligent braking device for hoisting a crane and a control system thereof, the system comprises a crane hanger and a sling mechanism, wherein a bearing roller is arranged between a pair of bearing walls of the crane hanger through a bearing assembly, one end of the bearing roller is in transmission connection with a hoisting driving mechanism, the sling mechanism (a winch, a sling and a hook) is arranged on the bearing roller, the bearing roller is simultaneously connected with a reverse self-locking mechanism through a transmission mechanism, the reverse self-locking mechanism comprises a transmission rod which is arranged on the bearing walls in a penetrating way and can rotate, the inner end of the transmission rod is in transmission connection with the bearing roller through the transmission mechanism, the outer end of the transmission rod is provided with a convex plate wheel, n convex plates are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the convex plate wheel along the radial direction, meanwhile, the system also comprises a cylindrical frame sleeved on the outer end of the transmission rod, n pin shafts are arranged on the circumferential surface of the inner wall of the cylindrical frame, and n limiting plates are sequentially hinged with the n pin shafts, and the round pin axle of each limiting plate is gone up and is installed balanced spring (two torsional springs, or two shell fragments) respectively for each limiting plate satisfies the condition along the centre of a circle of radial directional cylinder frame respectively under natural state: the distance between each limiting plate and the circle center of the cylindrical frame is smaller than the radius of the convex plate wheel, or when each limiting plate is in contact with the adjacent convex plate, the distance between the contact points on two sides is larger than the distance between the roots of the adjacent convex plates, so that each limiting plate can enter the space between the adjacent convex plates in the corresponding position only in an inclined state, a linear driving mechanism for driving each limiting plate to simultaneously enter and separate from the gap between the adjacent convex plates is further arranged, a controller containing an SIM chip is installed on a lifting hook or a lifting frame of the sling mechanism, the controller detects the position information and the state change information of the SIM chip, and when the corresponding information exceeds the limit of the change range, the controller sends a braking signal to the control system, and the linear driving mechanism is controlled by the control system to enable each limiting plate and each convex plate to relatively move and be mutually linked. Wherein, n is an integer greater than 2.

The cylindrical frame is a movable frame, the movable frame is sleeved on a guide seat on the outer side of the bearing wall and can translate along the axial direction, or the inner end of the movable frame is connected with an inserted rod, the inserted rod penetrates through a corresponding guide hole in the bearing wall and can translate along the axial direction, a linear driving mechanism is installed on the bearing wall, a telescopic rod of the linear driving mechanism is connected with the movable frame, and under the action of the linear driving mechanism, the movable frame translates along the axial direction, so that each limiting plate can move into each convex plate gap simultaneously, or move out each convex plate gap simultaneously.

The cylindrical frame is a fixed frame, the transmission rod comprises a spline shaft and a spline sleeve, the spline shaft and the spline sleeve can translate along the axial direction and rotate synchronously after being sleeved, the convex plate wheel is sleeved on the spline sleeve or sleeved on the spline shaft, a shifting fork for driving the spline sleeve or the spline shaft to move along the axial direction is arranged, a linear driving mechanism is arranged on the bearing wall, a telescopic rod of the linear driving mechanism is connected with the shifting fork, and under the action of the linear driving mechanism, the transmission rod is adjusted in a telescopic mode along the axial direction, so that the limiting plates can move into gaps of the convex plates simultaneously or move out of gaps of the convex plates simultaneously.

One side at each flange is provided with outside convex guide portion respectively for each flange removes and links up the messenger each other to each limiting plate, and the guide portion can insert each limiting plate earlier and stir each limiting plate along clockwise or anticlockwise, makes each limiting plate be in and gets into in each flange clearance under the state of empting.

And the tail ends of the convex plates are respectively hinged with rollers through pin shafts.

N radial through holes are uniformly distributed on the circumferential surface of the inner wall of the cylindrical frame, n fixed seats are sleeved in the corresponding through holes through inserted rods at the rear ends of the fixed seats, and the n pin shafts are respectively positioned on the n fixed seats. The outer end of each limiting plate is provided with an arc surface, the bottoms of the n fixed seats are respectively provided with an arc groove, and each arc surface is respectively sleeved in the corresponding arc groove in a matching manner.

The opposite sides of the two bearing walls are respectively fixedly connected with an air cylinder through bolts, notches are formed in one side, close to the two air cylinders, of the two bearing walls respectively, the output ends of the air cylinders penetrate through the bearing walls through the notches, and the extending portions of the air cylinders are fixedly connected with the lower portions of the movable frames.

One side at each flange is provided with outside convex guide bar respectively, and the end of each pole of drawing forth is fixed as an organic whole through the support ring, has the clearance between the adjacent guide bar, and in each limiting plate inserted corresponding clearance respectively, each guide bar can each limiting plate stir along clockwise or anticlockwise, and still keep clockwise or anticlockwise the state of empting after bearing roller stall to bear the weight of the rod and stop to get into in each flange clearance after the back through removing the limiting plate.

The cylindrical frame is a fixed frame and is fixed on the bearing wall, n flat holes along the axial direction are uniformly distributed on the circumferential surface of the inner wall of the cylindrical frame, n fixed seats are fixedly arranged in the corresponding through holes through inserted rods at the rear ends of the fixed seats, an outer sleeve is sleeved outside the cylindrical frame, the outer ends of the n inserted rods are fixed on the inner wall of the outer sleeve, n pin shafts are respectively positioned on the n fixed seats, n limiting plates are hinged in the fixed seats through corresponding pin shafts, a linear driving mechanism is arranged on the outer end wall of the fixed cylindrical frame or the bearing wall, the telescopic end of the linear driving mechanism is connected with the outer sleeve, and when the telescopic end of the linear driving mechanism stretches, the inner sleeve can be driven to slide along the axial direction in the cylindrical frame, so that the limiting plates can simultaneously move into gaps of the convex plates or simultaneously move out of the gaps of the convex plates.

The cylindrical frame is a fixed frame and is fixed on a bearing wall, an inner sleeve is sleeved in the circumferential frame, a convex-concave connection structure is arranged between the inner wall of the cylindrical frame and the inner sleeve along the axial direction, the cylindrical frame and the inner sleeve can only slide axially but cannot rotate, n fixing seats are uniformly sleeved on the inner wall of the inner sleeve, n pin shafts are respectively positioned on the n fixing seats, n limiting plates are hinged in the fixing seats through corresponding pin shafts, a through hole is formed in the outer end wall of the fixed cylindrical frame, a linear driving mechanism is arranged, the inner end of the linear driving mechanism penetrates into the cylindrical frame and is fixedly connected with the inner sleeve, and the inner end of the linear driving mechanism can drive the inner sleeve to slide axially in the cylindrical frame when stretching, so that the limiting plates can move into the gaps of the convex plates simultaneously or move out of the gaps of the convex plates simultaneously.

Based on the structure, one realization mode that n fixed seats are uniformly sleeved on the inner wall of the inner sleeve is as follows: n radial through holes are uniformly distributed on the circumferential surface of the inner wall of the inner sleeve, and n fixed seats are sleeved in the corresponding through holes through inserted rods at the rear ends of the fixed seats. In this mode, each of the fixing bases is fixed to the inner wall of the inner sleeve. Another implementation mode that n fixed seats are uniformly sleeved on the inner wall of the inner sleeve is as follows: the inner sleeve is internally provided with an annular inner boss, the annular inner boss is evenly provided with n axial supports, n fixing seats are respectively sleeved on the annular inner boss section between the adjacent supports and can slide along the annular inner boss section, and a thrust spring is connected between each fixing seat and each support. Under the effect of thrust spring for realize the cushioning effect behind each flange and each limiting plate linking up, there are inertial impact problem and drawback because of the state change is too fast under solving the hoist and mount heavy object scram state.

The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

1. the intelligent braking device for hoisting of the crane comprises a reverse self-locking mechanism, wherein each limiting plate can enter between adjacent convex plates at corresponding positions only in an inclined state through the design, and a mechanism for driving each limiting plate to simultaneously enter and separate from gaps of each convex plate is further arranged. When condition 1 is satisfied: each limiting plate is less than the radius of convex plate wheel apart from the distance of the centre of a circle of the cylindrical frame, or satisfies condition 2: when the distance between the contact points on the two sides of each limiting plate is larger than the distance between the roots of the adjacent convex plates when the limiting plates are contacted with the adjacent convex plates, the linear driving mechanism controls the reverse self-locking mechanism under the stop state of the hoisting driving mechanism, so that each limiting plate enters the gap of each convex plate.

The controller that contains the SIM chip can brake the judgement to be convenient for to hoisting accessory to provide control system braking signal, carry out safety braking, avoid the material to fall out of control, effectually reduced the security threat, make hoisting accessory remove more steady smooth and easy moreover, the effectual practicality that improves the hoist.

2. In the invention, all the limiting plates must be kept in a clockwise or anticlockwise state when the limiting plates enter the convex plate gaps, otherwise, all the limiting plates cannot enter the convex plate gaps. The transmission rod and the convex plate shaft which rotate anticlockwise, and all the limit plates also rotate anticlockwise to change into inclination. At the moment, each limiting plate does not influence the transmission rod and the lug plate shaft to rotate anticlockwise, but can prevent the transmission rod and the lug plate shaft from rotating clockwise, and when the transmission rod and the lug plate shaft rotate clockwise, each limiting plate can be supported on the side wall of the corresponding lug plate, so that the transmission rod and the lug plate shaft are restrained from rotating. Similarly, the clockwise rotation of the transmission rod and the cam shaft causes the rotation of the respective stopper plates to be tilted while maintaining the clockwise rotation. At the moment, each limiting plate does not influence the clockwise rotation of the transmission rod and the convex plate shaft, but can prevent the transmission rod and the convex plate shaft from rotating anticlockwise, and when the transmission rod and the convex plate shaft rotate anticlockwise, each limiting plate can be supported on the side wall of the corresponding convex plate, so that the transmission rod and the convex plate shaft are restrained in rotation. Therefore, no matter the carrying rod is used for carrying heavy objects or lifting heavy objects below, the carrying rod can rotate clockwise and anticlockwise only in a single direction, the carrying rod is automatically locked reversely, and the locking structure of the convex plate by utilizing the limiting plates can ensure the shape of the locking block so as to ensure the reliability and safety of hoisting and braking.

Multiple synchronous braking is realized to many each limiting plate and to each flange, improves the reliability of braking, and is effectual to the transmission rod braking, and each part atress is even in the braking process, prevents to take place because of local braking part because of the too big quick loss of atress leads to the braking inefficacy and influences the condition of arrestment mechanism life-span. The brake components are combined, and the overall braking performance is not influenced when any brake component is damaged or fails.

3. In the invention, in order to ensure that each limit plate can rotate in the same direction with the transmission rod and the convex plate shaft, one side of each convex plate is further provided with a guide part protruding outwards respectively, so that each convex plate moves towards each limit plate and is mutually connected, the guide parts can be firstly inserted into each limit plate and stir each limit plate clockwise or anticlockwise, and each limit plate enters the gap of each convex plate in a toppling state.

4. When the intelligent braking device for hoisting by the crane is used, firstly, the two moving frames are respectively far away from the two rotating rods, then the hook can be descended to hoist the articles, then the moving frames are moved to enable the convex plates on the rotating rods to be respectively positioned between any two limiting plates in the moving frames, as the limiting plates are connected through the twisting rotating shaft, the rotating rods rotate clockwise in the process of rising the articles and can not be prevented from rotating, at the moment, the other ends of the rotating rods rotate in the annular grooves, when the articles fall due to sudden power failure, the rotating rods can rotate anticlockwise under the driving of the rotating plates, the limiting plates are clamped on the convex plates to limit the rotating rods, and further limit the bearing rollers, compared with the prior art which adopts self electric braking to place the articles to fall, the problem that articles lifted by the crane can drop instantly when power is cut off suddenly is solved, and the bearing roller can be limited by limiting the rotating rod when the articles drop, so that the phenomenon that the articles drop continuously is avoided, the braking effect of the crane is enhanced, and the protection of operators is improved.

Through set up bearing groove and fly leaf in the bottom of couple, and then can bear the weight of article to utilizing the fly leaf when article drop to further strengthen the braking effect of hoist, improved operating personnel's protection greatly.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is one of the installation structures of the hoisting brake device in the hoisting equipment.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged structural view of a portion B in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an unlocking state of the reverse self-locking mechanism.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the latched state of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is one of the schematic sectional structures of a-a in fig. 4.

FIG. 6 is a second schematic view of the cross-sectional structure A-A in FIG. 4.

Fig. 7 is a first dimension ratio condition between the limit plate and the convex plate.

Fig. 8 shows a second dimension ratio condition between the limit plate and the convex plate.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of an unlocking state of another reverse self-locking mechanism.

Fig. 10 is a second structure diagram of the installation of the hoisting brake device in the hoisting equipment.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure C-C of fig. 10.

In the figure: 1. a base; 2. a load-bearing wall; 3. a fixing plate; 4. a carrier roller; 5. a sling; 6. a base plate; 7. a limiting frame; 8. a rotating plate; 9. a bump; 10. a tooth block; 11. a tooth socket; 12. a bearing groove; 13. a movable plate; 14. an annular groove; 15. a ring gear; 16. a gear; 17. rotating the rod; 17 a, a spline shaft; 18. moving the frame; 18 a, a fixed frame; 19. a convex plate; 20. a limiting plate; 21. a slot; 22. inserting a rod; 23. a cylinder; 24. a notch; 25. hooking; 26. a spline housing; 27. a pressure bearing; 28. a shifting fork; 29. a fixed seat; 30. positioning the plug; 31. an inner pin shaft; 32. a connecting rod; 33. a camshaft; 34. a guide portion.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1: the intelligent braking device for hoisting of the crane shown in the figure 1 comprises a crane hanger, a sling mechanism, a control cabinet and other components, and further comprises a set of mechanism for effectively braking a bearing rod.

Specifically, as in fig. 1, the hanger includes lower and upper floors and at least one pair of load-bearing walls. Between a pair of bearing walls of the crane hanger, a bearing roller is mounted through a bearing assembly, and one end of the bearing roller is in transmission connection with a hoisting driving mechanism (not shown in the figure). The sling mechanism arranged on the bearing roller comprises a winch, a lifting rope, a lifting hook mechanism and the like, and can be realized by adopting any form of the existing hoisting equipment. The bearing roller is connected with the reverse self-locking mechanism through a transmission mechanism, and as can be seen from figure 1, a set of reverse self-locking mechanism is respectively arranged on the left bearing wall and the right bearing wall.

As shown in fig. 2, the reverse self-locking mechanism on either side includes a transmission rod which is installed through the bearing wall and can rotate. The inner end of the transmission rod is in transmission connection (such as gear connection) with the bearing roller through the transmission mechanism, and the outer end of the transmission rod is provided with a convex plate wheel. As shown in fig. 3-5, 6 convex plates are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the convex plate wheel along the radial direction.

Simultaneously, still include the cylinder frame of a suit in the transfer line outer end, in this embodiment, the cylinder frame is for removing the frame. The movable frame is sleeved on a guide seat on the outer side of the bearing wall and can axially translate, or as shown in fig. 1, the inner end of the movable frame is connected with an inserted bar, and the inserted bar penetrates through a corresponding guide hole on the bearing wall and can axially translate.

The bearing wall is provided with a linear driving mechanism, for example, one side of each of the two bearing walls opposite to each other is fixedly connected with a cylinder through a bolt, notches are formed in one side of each of the two bearing walls close to the two cylinders respectively, the output end of each cylinder penetrates through the bearing wall through the notches, and the extending part of each cylinder is fixedly connected with the lower part of the corresponding movable frame.

The telescopic rod of the linear driving mechanism is connected with the movable frame, and under the action of the linear driving mechanism, the movable frame is translated along the axial direction, so that the limiting plates are moved into the gaps of the convex plates at the same time as shown in figure 4, or moved out of the gaps of the convex plates at the same time as shown in figure 3.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, 6 pins are disposed on the circumferential surface of the inner wall of the cylindrical frame, the 6 pins are sequentially hinged with 6 limiting plates, and balancing springs, such as bidirectional torsion springs (2 torsion springs of the same type are sleeved on the pins, but the torsion directions of the two torsion springs are opposite) or double elastic pieces (one elastic piece is supported on each of the two sides of each limiting plate) are respectively mounted on the pins of each limiting plate, so that each limiting plate respectively points to the center of the cylindrical frame along the radial direction in a natural state.

The following adjustment satisfies one condition that each limit plate can enter between the adjacent convex plates at the corresponding position only in an inclined state, and a mechanism for driving each limit plate to simultaneously enter and separate from the gap of each convex plate is also arranged. Condition 1: the distance from the limiting plates to the circle center of the cylindrical frame is smaller than the radius of the cam wheel, as shown in fig. 7. Condition 2: when each limiting plate is in contact with the adjacent convex plate, the distance between the contact points on the two sides is greater than the distance between the roots of the adjacent convex plates, as shown in fig. 8.

Meanwhile, a controller containing an SIM chip is installed on a lifting hook or a lifting frame of the sling mechanism, the SIM chip has the function of detecting the position change and the state change of the SIM chip, the controller sets a parameter range according to a program by detecting the position information and the state change information of the SIM chip, the reasonable state change range of the sling is filtered, when the corresponding information exceeds the limit of the change range, the controller sends a braking signal to the control system, and the control system controls the linear driving mechanism to enable each limiting plate and each convex plate to move relatively and be connected with each other. It can be seen that, in the normal hoisting operation process (vertical hoisting of hoisting equipment), each limiting plate should break away from each convex plate, and the reverse self-locking mechanism is unlocked in the rest time to contact the connection of each limiting rod to each convex plate, so that the problems of noise, resistance and part abrasion caused by the connection are reduced as much as possible.

The intelligent crane hoisting brake device can start the reverse self-locking mechanism (or not) as required during operation, and can determine the working time of the linear driving mechanism according to the starting or stopping signal of the hoisting driving mechanism when the reverse self-locking mechanism is started, and each limit plate can temporarily separate from the limit of each convex plate under the non-braking state of the operation of the sling mechanism. And under the stalling state of the hoisting driving mechanism, the linear driving mechanism controls the reverse self-locking mechanism, so that each limiting plate enters each convex plate gap. According to the two conditions, it can be determined that all the limiting plates must be kept in a clockwise or anticlockwise state when entering the convex plate gaps, otherwise, all the limiting plates cannot enter the convex plate gaps. Both states are shown in fig. 5 and 6, respectively. As can be seen from fig. 5, the counterclockwise rotation of the transmission lever and the cam shaft, and the rotation of the respective stopper plates also maintain the counterclockwise direction while changing to the inclination. At the moment, each limiting plate does not influence the transmission rod and the lug plate shaft to rotate anticlockwise, but can prevent the transmission rod and the lug plate shaft from rotating clockwise, and when the transmission rod and the lug plate shaft rotate clockwise, each limiting plate can be supported on the side wall of the corresponding lug plate, so that the transmission rod and the lug plate shaft are restrained from rotating. As can be seen from fig. 6, the clockwise rotation of the transmission rod and the cam shaft causes the rotation of the respective stopper plates to be tilted while maintaining the clockwise rotation. At the moment, each limiting plate does not influence the clockwise rotation of the transmission rod and the convex plate shaft, but can prevent the transmission rod and the convex plate shaft from rotating anticlockwise, and when the transmission rod and the convex plate shaft rotate anticlockwise, each limiting plate can be supported on the side wall of the corresponding convex plate, so that the transmission rod and the convex plate shaft are restrained in rotation. Therefore, no matter the carrying rod is used for carrying heavy objects or lifting heavy objects below, the carrying rod can rotate clockwise and anticlockwise only in a single direction, the carrying rod is automatically locked reversely, and the locking structure of the convex plate by utilizing the limiting plates can ensure the shape of the locking block so as to ensure the reliability and safety of hoisting and braking.

In the embodiment, a sim chip is installed on the lifting appliance and used for sensing the state change amplitude of the lifting appliance, and when a change signal which is greatly influenced by inertia factors exists, the control system automatically controls the linear driving mechanism to enable the reverse self-locking mechanism to be actively connected to the braking assembly, namely, the limiting rods are controlled to move into gaps of the convex plates. The reverse self-locking mechanism is unlocked in other time to contact the connection of each limit rod to each convex plate, so that the problems of noise, resistance and part abrasion caused by the connection are reduced as much as possible. In order to ensure that each limiting plate can rotate with the syntropy of transfer line and flange axle, when transfer line and flange rotate clockwise promptly, each limiting plate also slopes clockwise, when transfer line and flange anticlockwise rotate, each limiting plate also anticlockwise slopes, this embodiment still further is provided with outside convex guide portion respectively in one side of each flange for each flange removes and links up the messenger to each limiting plate each other, the guide portion can insert each limiting plate earlier and stir each limiting plate along clockwise or anticlockwise, make each limiting plate be in and fall and get into in each flange clearance under the state.

Example 2: the same points are not repeated in embodiment 1, but the configurations of the cylindrical frame and the linear driving mechanism of the reverse self-locking mechanism are changed.

In particular, the cylindrical frame is designed as a fixing frame, which is fixed on the outside of the carrier wall. As shown in fig. 9, the transmission rod of the reverse self-locking mechanism includes a spline shaft and a spline housing, which are sleeved together and can axially translate and synchronously rotate.

The spline shaft is positioned at the outer end or the spline housing is positioned at the outer end, and the convex plate wheel is sleeved on the spline housing positioned at the outer end or the spline shaft. Meanwhile, a shifting fork for driving the spline housing or the spline shaft to move along the axial direction is arranged, as shown in fig. 9, the shifting fork is sleeved outside the spline shaft but is not contacted, and a thrust bearing is connected between the shifting fork and the end wall of the spline housing.

The bearing wall is provided with a linear driving mechanism, a telescopic rod of the linear driving mechanism is connected with the shifting fork, and under the action of the linear driving mechanism, the transmission rod is adjusted in a telescopic mode along the axial direction, so that the limiting plates are moved into the gaps of the convex plates at the same time or moved out of the gaps of the convex plates at the same time.

The inner wall circumference of the cylindrical frame is uniformly distributed with 6 radial through holes, 6 fixed seats are sleeved in the corresponding through holes through inserted rods at the rear ends of the fixed seats, and the 6 pin shafts are respectively positioned on the 6 fixed seats. The outer end of each limiting plate is provided with an arc surface, the bottoms of the 6 fixing seats are respectively provided with an arc groove, and each arc surface is respectively sleeved in the corresponding arc groove in a matching manner.

It can be seen that, in the embodiment, the linear driving mechanism is used for driving the axial length between the spline shaft and the spline housing to change, so that the position of the convex plate wheel is changed, and each convex plate is moved to enter the gap of each limiting plate. In this way, there is no need to shift the position of the cylindrical sleeve.

Example 3: on the basis of embodiment 1 or 2, the connection relation between the convex plate and the limiting plate is designed.

Specifically, be provided with outside convex guide bar respectively in one side of each flange, the end of each pole of drawing forth is fixed as an organic whole through the support ring, has the clearance between the adjacent guide bar, and in each limiting plate inserted corresponding clearance respectively, each guide bar can each limiting plate stir along clockwise or anticlockwise, and still keep clockwise or anticlockwise the state of empting after bearing roller stall to bear the weight of the rod and stop to get into in each flange clearance after the back through removing the limiting plate.

Example 4: the same points are not repeated in embodiment 1, but the configurations of the cylindrical frame and the linear driving mechanism of the reverse self-locking mechanism are changed.

The design cylinder frame is fixed frame, by being fixed in the bearing wall, evenly distributed has n along axial flat hole on the inner wall periphery of cylinder frame, n fixing base is solid in corresponding through-hole through the inserted bar cover of its rear end, the cover is equipped with the outer tube outside the cylinder frame simultaneously, the outer end of n inserted bar is fixed in the outer tube inner wall, n round pin axle is located n fixing base respectively, n limiting plate articulates in its fixing base through corresponding round pin axle, install sharp actuating mechanism on fixed cylinder frame outer end wall or bearing wall, this sharp actuating mechanism's flexible end is connected the outer tube, the flexible end of sharp actuating mechanism can drive interior sleeve pipe along the endwise slip in the cylinder frame when flexible, and then make each limiting plate immigrate each flange clearance simultaneously, perhaps shift out each flange clearance simultaneously.

Example 5: the same points are not repeated in embodiment 1, but the configurations of the cylindrical frame and the linear driving mechanism of the reverse self-locking mechanism are changed.

Example 6: referring to fig. 5, 10 and 11, another crane hoisting intelligent braking device comprises a base 1, wherein both sides of the top of the base 1 are fixedly connected with bearing walls 2, a bearing roller 4 is rotatably connected between the two bearing walls 2, the middle part of the bearing roller 4 is wound and connected with a sling 5, one end of the sling 5 is fixedly connected with a hook 25, both ends of the bearing roller 4 are sleeved with rotating plates 8, the two rotating plates 8 are respectively provided with an annular groove 14, the inner side of the annular groove 14 is connected with a rotating rod 17 through a latch in a meshing manner, one end of the rotating rod 17 penetrates through the bearing walls 2, the extending end of the rotating rod 17 is fixedly connected with a plurality of convex plates 19, one side of the bearing wall 2 close to the convex plates 19 is provided with a movable frame 18, the inner wall of the movable frame 18 is rotatably connected with a plurality of limiting plates 20 matched with the convex plates 19 through a torsion spring rotating shaft, and specifically, through the spacing to the bull stick 17 when article drop, and then can carry on spacingly to bearing roller 4, avoid the continuation of article to drop, strengthen the braking effect to the hoist, and then improved the protection to operating personnel.

The scheme has the following working processes:

at first two remove frame 18 and keep away from two dwang 17 respectively, at this moment can descend couple 25, be used for hoisting up article, remove frame 18 and remove after that, make flange 19 on the dwang 17 be located respectively between two arbitrary limiting plates 20 in removing frame 18, because limiting plate 20 connects through twisting the pivot, so rise the in-process at article and rotate dwang 17 clockwise, will not obstruct the rotation and rotate, the other end of dwang 17 will rotate in ring channel 14 this moment, when the outage article falls suddenly, dwang 17 will carry out anticlockwise rotation under the drive of dwang 8, limiting plate 20 will carry out the block in flange 19, be used for spacing dwang 17, and then can carry out spacingly to carrier roller 4.

According to the working process, the following steps are known:

through the spacing to the bull stick 17 when article drop, and then can carry on spacingly to bearing roller 4, avoid the continuation of article to drop, strengthen the braking effect to the hoist, and then improved the protection to operating personnel.

Further, the equal fixedly connected with bottom plate 6 in 2 relative one sides in upper portion of two bearing walls, the equal fixedly connected with spacing frame 7 in bottom of two bottom plates 6, and two spacing frames 7 are located the top of two rotor plates 8 respectively, the equal fixedly connected with lug 9 in inner wall both sides of spacing frame 7, and the equal fixedly connected with tooth piece 10 in one side that two lugs 9 are relative, and tooth's socket 11 that cooperation tooth piece 10 used is all seted up to rotor plates 8's both sides, it is concrete, utilize tooth piece 10 inboard at tooth's socket 11, and then can further strengthen bearing roller 4's stability, thereby improve braking effect.

Further, the bottom of bearing roller 4 is equipped with fixed plate 3, and the both sides of fixed plate 3 equally divide do not with two bearing wall 2 between fixed connection, bearing groove 12 has been seted up on fixed plate 3, and the inboard both sides of bearing groove 12 all are equipped with fly leaf 13, and one side of two fly leaves 13 all is connected through rotating between the inner wall of torsional spring pivot and bearing groove 12, distance between two fly leaves 13 is greater than the diameter of couple 25, specifically, utilize fly leaf 13 to bear the weight of the article that drops, further improve the protection effect to operating personnel.

Furthermore, one end of each of the two rotating rods 17 penetrates through the side walls of the two bearing walls 2 through a bearing sleeve.

Further, two dwang 17 all cup jointed gear 16 on being located the inboard part of two ring channels 14 respectively, and fixedly connected with cooperation gear 16 on the inner wall of ring channel 14 uses ring gear 15, is connected through latch meshing between ring gear 15 and the gear 16, and is concrete, utilizes to be connected through latch meshing between ring gear 15 and the gear 16, can be better carry on spacingly to rotor plate 8.

Further, the upper portion and the lower portion of the opposite side of the two movable frames 18 are fixedly connected with the insertion rod 22, the bearing wall 2 is provided with an insertion slot 21 matched with the insertion rod 22 for use, and specifically, the insertion rod 22 is inserted into the inner side of the insertion slot 21 to limit the movable frames 18.

Further, one side that two bearing walls 2 are relative all through bolt fixedly connected with cylinder 23, and the notch 24 has all been seted up to one side that is close to two cylinders 23 on two bearing walls 2 respectively, and the output of cylinder 23 passes through bearing wall 2 through notch 24, and fixed connection between the extension of cylinder 23 and the lower part of removing frame 18, and is concrete, utilizes cylinder 23 control to remove the displacement of frame 18.

Furthermore, a plurality of limiting plates 20 inside the two movable frames 18 are distributed in an annular array along the rotating rod 17.

In summary, the tooth block 10 is located inside the tooth groove 11, so that the stability of the carrier roller 4 can be further enhanced, the braking effect is improved, the gear ring 15 and the gear 16 are connected through the engagement of the teeth, the rotating plate 8 can be better limited, the movable frame 18 can be limited by inserting the insertion rod 22 into the slot 21, and the displacement of the movable frame 18 is controlled by the air cylinder 23.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. For example, the linear driving mechanism may also be an electric push rod or cam mechanism, and other mechanisms that reciprocate the moving frame or fork in the axial direction. For example, rollers are respectively hinged at the tail ends of the convex plates through pin shafts. And other structures and driving mechanisms for driving the cam wheels to move toward or away from each other with respect to the respective retainer plates.

Claims

1. An intelligent braking device for hoisting of a crane comprises a crane hanger, a sling mechanism and a control system, and is characterized in that a bearing roller is arranged between a pair of bearing walls of the crane hanger through a bearing assembly, one end of the bearing roller is in transmission connection with a hoisting driving mechanism, the sling mechanism is arranged on the bearing roller, the bearing roller is simultaneously connected with a reverse self-locking mechanism through a transmission mechanism, the reverse self-locking mechanism comprises a transmission rod which is arranged on the bearing walls in a penetrating manner and can rotate, the inner end of the transmission rod is in transmission connection with the bearing roller through the transmission mechanism, a convex plate wheel is arranged at the outer end of the transmission rod, n convex plates are uniformly arranged on the circumference of the convex plate wheel along the radial direction, a cylindrical frame sleeved at the outer end of the transmission rod is further comprised, n pin shafts are arranged on the circumference surface of the inner wall of the cylindrical frame, and n limiting plates are sequentially hinged with the n pin shafts, and the round pin axle of each limiting plate is gone up and is installed balanced spring respectively for each limiting plate is respectively along the centre of a circle of radial directional cylinder frame under natural state, satisfies the condition: the distance between each limiting plate and the circle center of the cylindrical frame is smaller than the radius of the convex plate wheel, or when each limiting plate is in contact with the adjacent convex plate, the distance between the contact points on two sides is larger than the distance between the roots of the adjacent convex plates, so that each limiting plate can enter the space between the adjacent convex plates in the corresponding position only in an inclined state, a linear driving mechanism for driving each limiting plate to simultaneously enter and separate from the gap between the adjacent convex plates is further arranged, a controller containing an SIM chip is installed on a lifting hook or a lifting frame of the sling mechanism, the controller detects the position information and the state change information of the SIM chip, and when the corresponding information exceeds the limit of the change range, the controller sends a braking signal to the control system, and the linear driving mechanism is controlled by the control system to enable each limiting plate and each convex plate to move relatively and be connected with each other.

2. The intelligent braking device for crane hoisting according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical frame is a movable frame, the movable frame is sleeved on a guide seat outside the bearing wall and can axially translate, or the movable frame is sleeved on an inner end of the movable frame and is connected with an insertion rod, the insertion rod penetrates through a corresponding guide hole in the bearing wall and can axially translate, a linear driving mechanism is installed on the bearing wall, a telescopic rod of the linear driving mechanism is connected with the movable frame, and the movable frame axially translates under the action of the linear driving mechanism, so that the limiting plates are simultaneously moved into the convex plate gaps, or simultaneously moved out of the convex plate gaps.

3. The intelligent braking device for crane hoisting according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical frame is a fixed frame, but the transmission rod comprises a spline shaft and a spline housing, the spline shaft and the spline housing can translate and rotate synchronously along the axial direction after being sleeved with each other, the cam wheel is sleeved on the spline housing or sleeved on the spline shaft, a shifting fork for driving the spline housing or the spline shaft to move along the axial direction is arranged, a linear driving mechanism is arranged on the bearing wall, a telescopic rod of the linear driving mechanism is connected with the shifting fork, and under the action of the linear driving mechanism, the transmission rod is adjusted in a telescopic manner along the axial direction, so that the limiting plates can be moved into the gaps of the cam plates simultaneously or moved out of the gaps of the cam plates.

4. The intelligent braking device for crane hoisting according to claim 1, wherein one side of each convex plate is provided with a guide part protruding outwards, so that each convex plate moves towards each limiting plate and is connected with each other, the guide parts can be inserted into each limiting plate firstly and poked clockwise or anticlockwise to each limiting plate, and each limiting plate enters each convex plate gap in an inclined state.

5. The intelligent braking device for crane hoisting according to claim 1, wherein the tail end of each convex plate is hinged with a roller through a pin shaft.

6. The intelligent braking device for crane hoisting according to claim 1, wherein n radial through holes are uniformly distributed on the circumferential surface of the inner wall of the cylindrical frame, n fixed seats are sleeved in the corresponding through holes through insertion rods at the rear ends of the fixed seats, and the n pin shafts are respectively positioned on the n fixed seats.

7. The intelligent braking device for crane hoisting according to claim 6, wherein the outer end of each limiting plate is provided with an arc surface, the bottoms of the n fixed seats are respectively provided with an arc groove, and each arc surface is respectively matched and sleeved in the corresponding arc groove.

8. The intelligent braking device for crane hoisting according to claim 2, wherein the opposite sides of the two bearing walls are fixedly connected with cylinders through bolts, the sides of the two bearing walls, which are respectively close to the two cylinders, are provided with notches, the output ends of the cylinders penetrate through the bearing walls through the notches, and the extending parts of the cylinders are fixedly connected with the lower parts of the movable frames.

9. The intelligent braking device for crane hoisting according to claim 4, wherein one side of each convex plate is provided with a guide rod protruding outwards, the tail end of each leading-out rod is fixed into a whole through a support ring, gaps exist between adjacent guide rods, each limiting plate is inserted into the corresponding gap, each guide rod can be shifted clockwise or anticlockwise by each limiting plate, and the bearing roller still keeps a clockwise or anticlockwise tilting state after stopping rotating, so that the bearing roller can enter the gaps of each convex plate through moving the limiting plate after stopping rotating.

10. The intelligent brake device for crane hoisting according to claim 1, the cylindrical frame is a fixed frame and is fixed on the bearing wall, n axial flat holes are uniformly distributed on the circumferential surface of the inner wall of the cylindrical frame, n fixed seats are sleeved in the corresponding through holes through inserted rods at the rear ends of the fixed seats, meanwhile, an outer sleeve is sleeved outside the cylindrical frame, the outer ends of the n insertion rods are fixed on the inner wall of the outer sleeve, the n pin shafts are respectively positioned on the n fixed seats, the n limiting plates are hinged in the fixed seats through the corresponding pin shafts, a linear driving mechanism is arranged on the outer end wall of the fixed cylindrical frame or on the bearing wall, the telescopic end of the linear driving mechanism is connected with the outer sleeve, and the inner sleeve can be driven to slide along the axial direction in the cylindrical frame when the telescopic end of the linear driving mechanism is telescopic, so that the limiting plates can move into the convex plate gaps simultaneously or move out of the convex plate gaps simultaneously.