CN1009801B - Transportation and accident lifesaving apparatus for high building - Google Patents
Transportation and accident lifesaving apparatus for high buildingInfo
- Publication number
- CN1009801B CN1009801B CN87105370A CN87105370A CN1009801B CN 1009801 B CN1009801 B CN 1009801B CN 87105370 A CN87105370 A CN 87105370A CN 87105370 A CN87105370 A CN 87105370A CN 1009801 B CN1009801 B CN 1009801B
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- pedal
- chain
- plate
- guide
- chain bar
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B50/00—Energy efficient technologies in elevators, escalators and moving walkways, e.g. energy saving or recuperation technologies
Abstract
The present invention relates to a vertical transportation and calamity rescuing device for a high-layer building, which is composed of a rescuing ladder mechanism of a circulation chain, a self-feedback mechanism of falling speed, an automatic suspension mechanism and a motor transmission mechanism, wherein the self-feedback mechanism is switched on after the present invention is operated during power failure. The device can be used as a lift when the power of the device is switched on, and can be used as a rescuing ladder under the gravity action of a load when the power is switched off. Therefore, the present invention can make people and objects transported to the bottom layer from the high layer of the building.
Description
The present invention relates to skyscraper lifesaving, conveying arrangement.More particularly, relate to a kind of circulation ladder that can be used as when electricity is arranged and use, and the gravity that can rely on load when the not having electricity conveying arrangement with a plurality of cycle pedals of transportation downwards automatically.
In skyscraper, be extensive use of single cage elevator at present as apparatus of transport.This elevator can only use when electricity is arranged, and when the elevator operation was cut off the power supply midway, the personnel of closing in elevator have to wait for incoming call or rescue.When disaster and wartime such as presence of fire or earthquakes, because power interruption, elevator can not move, and makes that personnel can not in time withdraw in the skyscraper, often brings about frightful disaster.Though at present disaster life that adopts in the skyscraper and method have a variety ofly, effect is all undesirable, and not only efficient is low, and also extreme difference of safety.
The objective of the invention is, design a kind of later-model skyscraper lifesaving, conveying arrangement.The most outstanding characteristics of this device are: having under the normal circumstances of power supply, so it uses as a kind of circulation ladder; When running into disaster or other emergency situation power supplys and be cut off, thereby this device can convert to automatically and can rely on load gravity automatic lowering to evacuate the personnel in the skyscraper and the lifesaving appliance of article rapidly safely.
The objective of the invention is to realize: a sealing Chain bar formula safety ladder mechanism is set between the vertical wall in skyscraper by following technical measures, Chain bar by two groups of synchronized operations is formed, some lifesaving pedal gears that even installation can be swung on it, the floor height that the distance of each pedal gear and adjacent pedal gear equals to build.When running to a side, pedal gear is outwards swung 90 degree so that load people and article, when running to opposite side, presses close to the Chain bar thereby pedal gear is subjected to gravity own to moving 90 degree of backswing.For making sealing Chain bar formula safety ladder mechanism reliability service, also installed by fixed guide group and the guiding mechanism formed with the guide block of chain movement, and ended loose mechanism by the guiding that some jockey sprockets and tightening device are formed.When descending at safety ladder mechanism non-transformer and by gravity, for making the descending speed held stationary, also be provided with a descending speed self-feed back control mechanism that constitutes by centrifugal pendulum group and friction disc group, when safety ladder mechanism descends by load gravity, descending speed self-feed back mechanism automatically with safety ladder mechanism connection, play speed governing effect to the latter.When this device electricity consumption operation, safety ladder mechanism breaks away from descending speed self-feed back mechanism and is connected with a motor transmission mechanism.For convenience operation also is provided with automatic pause mechanism, so that pedal gear is by the operation of load gravity in the convenient safety ladder mechanism, can suspend at bottom as required, evacuation personnel and goods and materials.Among the present invention, two kinds of pedal gear design plans have been proposed, and the design plan of cooresponding automatic pause mechanism has been proposed respectively.In a kind of therein scheme, the block mechanism that can stretch out to both sides behind a pair of stand under load is arranged in each pedal gear, it cooperates with the pause mechanism that is installed in bottom wall partition, makes pedal gear realize suspending, and time out is by the damping mechanism adjustment on the pedal gear.Adopted pedal gear relatively simple for structure in the another kind of scheme; and in bottom wall partition, be provided with the automatic pause mechanism that forms by damper, leverage etc.; and be provided with the elimination interference mechanism, unnecessary interference takes place between relative section in pedal gear and the automatic pause mechanism to eliminate.
Briefly introduce accompanying drawing of the present invention below, and be described in detail characteristics of the present invention in conjunction with these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 a is the front elevation of safety ladder mechanism among the present invention, and Fig. 1 b is the lateral plan of safety ladder mechanism.
Fig. 2 be among Fig. 1 along the cutaway view of a-a line, it reflects the connection and the position relation of bird's wing shape chain sheet, guide block, guide rail.
Fig. 3 is guide block and guide rail mated condition scheme drawing.
Fig. 4 is the profile of tooth contrast scheme drawing of the hinge wheel gear teeth and conventional sprocket teeth in the safety ladder mechanism.
Fig. 5 is that guiding is ended loose structural scheme of mechanism on the safety ladder.
Fig. 6 is a descending speed self-feed back control mechanism scheme drawing among the present invention.
Fig. 7 is that centrifugal swing ball and first order throw of lever and positioning plate position concern scheme drawing in the descending speed self-feed back control mechanism.
Fig. 8 is the cross-sectional side scheme drawing of first kind of lifesaving pedal gear.
Fig. 9 is the positive cross-sectional schematic of first kind of lifesaving pedal gear, and among the figure, the active block stop in the pedal gear is in the state of stretching out.
Figure 10 is the principle of work scheme drawing of time out control mechanism in the pedal gear shown in Fig. 9.
Figure 11 is when adopting second kind of pedal gear scheme, automatic pause, time out self-feed back mechanism and the scheme drawing of eliminating interference mechanism.
Figure 12 is when adopting second kind of pedal gear scheme, eliminates the working process scheme drawing of interference mechanism.
Figure 13 is when adopting a kind of first kind of device with pedal scheme, the automatic pause mechanism and the scheme drawing of power cutoff mechanism automatically.
Referring to each accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 has shown the scheme drawing of circulation link chain formula safety ladder mechanism (20) among the present invention.Between the vertical wall of this arrangement of mechanism in skyscraper in (500), comprise a last transmission shaft (21) and a lower drive shaft (23) that is installed in the building bottom that is installed in top of building, all fixedly mounted hinge wheel (25) near the place, two ends on the every transmission shaft with special tooth profile with axle, the hinge wheel of homonymy is aimed at mutually on the upper and lower transmission shaft, and meshes with two closed chains (27) respectively.A plurality of device with pedal of swinging (50) are installed in respectively on the bird's wing shape chain sheet (28) of middle part thickening of closed chain, move with chain.The distance of each device with pedal and adjacent device with pedal equals the floor height of building.Be parked in when concordant with certain layer of passage ground when a certain pedal like this, other pedals of homonymy align with each floor ground respectively.When each device with pedal runs to and imports and exports first side that communicates with each floor, device with pedal by its gravity pendulum to level attitude, be that the pedal plane is vertical with the sense of motion of chain (27).When device with pedal runs to when importing and exporting distance opposite side far away with each floor, device with pedal again by its gravity to the bottom to its pedal plane hanging position substantially parallel with the chain movement direction.
Intensity for the gear teeth that improve hinge wheel 25 has adopted cases of otherwise standard design.As shown in Figure 4, (a), (b) be the profile of tooth of standard sprocket tooth for the profile of tooth of hinge wheel among the present invention.The design's characteristics are, make the inclined-plane (A) with constant slope near the flank of tooth top, and this inclined-plane has just stopped before extending to the sprocket wheel pitch diameter, in addition, in tooth root portion one inclined-plane (B) is arranged also, reduced tooth root portion stress concentration, these measures can improve the load-carrying capacity of the gear teeth.
In order to improve the load-carrying capacity of chain sheet, the chain sheet of all installation pedals is all made the bird's wing shape of middle part thickening, has shown half (with second half symmetry) of bird's wing shape chain sheet 28 among Fig. 2.
The last transmission shaft (21) of safety ladder mechanism (20) links to each other with a motor tractor (not shown) by first magnetic clutch (22), and under the energising situation, this first clutch is in attracting state.Lower drive shaft (23) links to each other with descending speed self-feed back control mechanism (70) by second clutch (24), and under the energising situation, this second clutch is in disengaged condition.
Stable in order to guarantee safety ladder, also be provided with guiding mechanism, this guiding mechanism comprises a plurality of T shape guide blocks (35), and they are installed on the horizontal Beam (31), and horizontal Beam (31) is fixed on the bird's wing shape chain sheet (28) with device with pedal.Guide block has two guide blocks to the direction protrusion that deviates from pedal and between two chains on the every horizontal Beam.The holder Beam (33) of one group of vertical distribution has been installed on the sidewall of first side between the vertical wall of above-mentioned safety ladder operation, on the holder Beam two groups of vertical guide rails (34) of being made up of a plurality of guide rail section with vertical T slot has been installed.When guide block (35) ran to first side, guide block entered in the T shape guide groove of guide rail (34) and is led by the latter.For making guide block enter guide-track groove easily, the corresponding end face of guide block (35) and guide rail (34) is all made the targeting part of constant slope, as shown in Figure 3.Guide block and the guide-track groove that matches with it also can make the shape that other matches, and for example, guide block makes short cylindrical shape, and guide rail then makes the tubular of longitudinal opening.
In second side of chain-type life saving service operation, installed and a plurality ofly have guiding simultaneously and make the guiding of chain tension end loose mechanism.As Fig. 1 b and shown in Figure 5, each guiding is ended loose mechanism (40) and is installed in rotation on a pair of axle (45) that can be on being fixed between wall the plain bearing housing (49) that slides in a pair of horizontal slideway (47) on the sidewall by one, two jockey sprockets (41) that are fixed on this, plain bearing housing (49) is subjected to the preload effect of spring (43) in slideway (47).Two jockey sprockets respectively with hinge wheel up and down in same vertical guide, and be meshed with pairing chain.Because the effect of spring (43), jockey sprocket can make chain keep tensioning state, can the smooth operation of chain be play the guiding role simultaneously.Guiding like this is ended loose mechanism and can be arranged a plurality ofly, but is respectively arranging one near upper and lower transmission shaft place at least.The direction of tensile force is outside, and selects corresponding compression spring (43) in view of the above for use.
The front was narrated, when outage, safety ladder mechanism can automatically convert to can be under the load action of gravity lifesaving appliance of conveying personnel and article downwards, first clutch (22) on the last transmission shaft (21) that connect with motor drawing device this moment is thrown off, and second clutch (24) adhesive on the safety ladder mechanism lower drive shaft (23) engages a safety ladder mechanism and a descending speed self-feed back mechanism (70).When on each pedal when non-loaded, safety ladder mechanism (20) and the system that descending speed self-feed back control mechanism (70) is formed are in state of equilibrium, like this, as long as go on a people on a certain pedal, under his body weight effect, total system just can get into smooth reposefully.
Descending speed self-feed back arrangement of mechanism is at architecture bottom layer below ground place.It comprises a vertically arranged rotating vertical shaft (71), a sleeve (73) that can rotate with this vertical shaft is arranged on it, sleeve top has one not only can rotate but also can go up the pivoting friction dish assembly (75) that slides at vertical shaft (71) vertically with vertical shaft (71), but the movable friction plate (77) of an annular is equipped with in its upper surface, but movable friction plate is relative with a fixed friction sheet (76) that is installed on fixed friction dish assembly (74) lower surface that is enclosed within vertical shaft top loosely.Friction lining adopts the friction material of high resistance to abrasion.A plurality of supporting plates (79) that pivoting friction dish assembly (75) evenly is installed on the sleeve (73) when falling are held.Evenly arranged the centrifugal swing ball-leverage of many covers on sleeve (73) circumference, (having adopted four among Fig. 6).Leverage shown in the figure is three grades of amplifying types, can certainly adopt one-level or other multiple stages.First order throw of lever (81) lower end is connected with centrifugal swing ball (85), and the outer end of third stage lever (83) contacts with pivoting friction dish lower surface.When the pivoting friction dish by supporting plate (79) when holding, centrifugal swing ball (85) is in the sagging position of nature.When centrifugal swing ball rotates with empty axle, because centrifugal action, swing ball is slightly upwards swing outwards, upwards promote pivoting friction dish assembly (75) by lever group (80), rotating speed is during to certain value, but the fixed friction sheet (74) on the movable friction plate (77) on the pivoting friction dish assembly and the fixed friction dish assembly thus wipe contact restriction vertical shaft rotating speed increases, behind vertical shaft rotating speed decline certain value, to returning, the pivoting friction dish falls under its deadweight effect and disengages with the fixed friction sheet swing ball again.The vertical shaft upper end links to each other with safety ladder mechanism lower drive shaft (23) with second clutch (24) to (85,86) by a finishing bevel gear cuter.This finishing bevel gear cuter is the speedup transmission to making the drive path from the lower drive shaft to the vertical shaft.So when but centrifugal swing ball and lever group made movable friction plate contact with the fixed friction sheet to make the vertical shaft rotating speed adjusted, safety ladder motion of mechanism speed was also adjusted.
Because the vertical shaft rotating speed changes, and situation about suspending suddenly when having high speed rotating, because the centrifugal pendulum ball weight is bigger, when high speed revolution suspends, very big circumference force of inertia is arranged, make the amount of deflection of the centrifugal swing ball and first throw of lever generation, and cause parts to damage than the big circumference direction.In order to prevent this from occurring, for each centrifugal swing ball and first throw of lever are provided with a centrifugal globe positioning plate.Centrifugal globe positioning plate (90) (as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7) is fixed on the lower surface of sleeve (73), and its effect is the fixing shaft orientation relation of vertical shaft (71) and sleeve (73), prevents the relative changing of the relative positions.(90 outer end is the prong of a vertically extending rectangle to positioning plate, and a groove (92) that width is narrower is arranged above it.First throw of lever (81) passes through from groove (92), and centrifugal swing ball (85) is positioned at the rectangle prong.The relation of prong width and notch (92) width is: when swing ball because circumference force of inertia and during in the circumferencial direction displacement, swing ball (85) contacts with centrifugal globe positioning plate (90) prior to first throw of lever (81).Thereby avoid first throw of lever to produce high camber and destroy.Fig. 7 expresses centrifugal swing ball and first throw of lever produce circumferential displacement under the effect of circumference force of inertia scheme drawing.Dotted line is depicted as the normal position placed in the middle of centrifugal swing ball (85) and first throw of lever (81), solid line is illustrated in and produces the circumferencial direction amount of deflection under the effect of circumference force of inertia, as can be seen from the figure, centrifugal swing ball (85) elder generation and positioning plate (90) contacts side surfaces, thus make positioning plate bear the major part of circumference force of inertia.
In like manner, as shown in FIG., in order to absorb by second and the circumference force of inertia of third stage throw of lever when velocity of rotation is suddenlyd change, first and second grades of throw of lever hinge-points, second and third stage lever hinge-point place be provided with throw of lever positioning plate (91) respectively.Throw of lever positioning plate (91) is fixed on sleeve (73) periphery wall, and the hinge-point of throw of lever is positioned at the rectangular indentation of throw of lever.
Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 have represented first kind of organization plan of device with pedal (50).Bearing (52) is fixed on the crossbeam (31) that is installed on the black wing shape chain sheet (28), one side of pedal base (51) is hinged in bearing (52) by axle (55), and the opposite side of pedal base (52) is hinged with the treadmill (53) that is positioned at its top by bearing pin (56).In bearing (52) top one accessory pedal (57) is arranged, the one side is hinged on the chain sheet, overlaps with treadmill (53) when another side puts down.Treadmill (53) is gone up away from its hinged bearing pin one side the one wedge shape jacking block (60) with symmetrical inclined-plane is housed, under it, have one to be installed in the restraint flat board (53) on the pedal base (52) and the limiting stopper (61) of wedge shape jacking block (60) dropping distance.One is installed in that pedal base (52) is gone up and the moving part (630) that has its part to stretch out to both sides is positioned between pedal base (52) and the treadmill (53) when being subjected to inclined-plane, wedge shape jacking block both sides pushing tow.The every side of this moving part comprise two parallel, by a lever (631,631), this lever (631) 631 with end cap guiding of two parallel oil cylinders (63B)) again respectively as the piston rod of two oil cylinders.One end of lever (631,631) is connected with the roller mount (633) of a band roller (632), and the other end connects a link stopper (634), and the outer downside of link stopper (634) is equipped with trundle (636).When the load of an about body weight for humans was arranged on the treadmill, treadmill was to lower swing, and the wedge shape jacking block (60) on it promotes roller (632)-roller mount (633)-lever (631,631)-link stopper (634) to both sides and stretches out to both sides.When load on the treadmill disappears, make link stopper, lever by a Bringing-back mechanism, roller mount, roller and treadmill reset.The hydraulic fluid port at each oil cylinder (638) two ends links to each other by damper tube (640), and unidirectional damping device (641) is arranged in the damper tube.As shown in figure 10, the plate washer (642) of the energy unidirectional blocking damper tube passage that can swing is arranged, a damping hole (644) on the plate washer in the unidirectional damping device.When link stopper (634) was protruding, the plate washer (642) in the unidirectional damping device was opened, and fluid flows to another chamber from a chamber of oil cylinder (638) at an easy rate.When link stopper (634) bounces back under the Bringing-back mechanism effect, plate washer (642) sealing, fluid can only flow through from the damping hole (644) on the plate washer (642), has postponed the link stopper retraction like this, has realized the function that device with pedal is suspended.Bringing-back mechanism is to be positioned between roller mount (633) and the oil cylinder (638) and to be enclosed within compression spring (637) on the lever (631).
With the automatic pause mechanism of first kind of device with pedal mating reaction as shown in figure 13.Arranged the cantilevered elastic plate (100) of an outstanding slightly sidewall in outer end on sidewall between the building wall, the link stopper (634) on device with pedal (50) is when stretching out, and elastic plate (100) can stop device with pedal to continue to move downward.When link stopper (634) was withdrawn, device with pedal (50) can continue motion.Elastic plate is positioned at below the building ground floor, and when treadmill flushed with subterranean room ground, the top of elastic plate just contacted with trundle (636) on the link stopper that stretches out.A spring bumper (101) has been installed in the foundation structure below the elastic plate outer end, and it can play buffer action.
When device of the present invention uses as lifesaving appliance, because power supply is cut off, so when people or weight are gone on the Active foot plate of a certain device with pedal, because its action of gravity, this device with pedal of manned (or thing) is moved downward, if when descending speed was too high, descending speed self-feed back control mechanism worked, the restriction descending speed improves.Simultaneously by load is arranged thereon, the treadmill of this device with pedal is pressed downward, so promoting link stopper mechanism, stretches out laterally the wedge shape jacking block on the treadmill, when this pedal is reduced to ground floor, link stopper that stretches out and cantilevered elastic plate (100) are collided, force the latter to be bent downwardly, run into spring bumper (101) then again, make steadily stop motion of device with pedal.At this moment, people on the device with pedal or thing can be withdrawn safety ladder rapidly, after people on the pedal or thing are withdrawn, since the effect of Bringing-back mechanism (637), link stopper (634) withdrawal.At this moment, if on top certain one deck pedal load is arranged, then safety ladder continues operation, arrives bottom up to this layer pedal, repeats fwd then and suspends process.Like this, as long as on the pedal people or weight are arranged, life saving service just can ceaselessly turn round, up to everyone or article have been evacuated.
Link stopper end face when an electromagnet apparatus (103), its plane of action being installed and being parked in this layer in the sidewall of cantilevered elastic plate (100) top is relative.When this device uses as elevator, but be loaded with the device with pedal upward movement of people or weight, also can move downward.When moving downward, if desired when certain layer suspends, as long as connect the circuit of electromagnet apparatus (103), it just can be with the link stopper sucking-off on the device with pedal on the other side, thereby makes whole safety ladder mechanism temporarily out of service.When upwards moving, can utilize the control setup of motor driving system that safety ladder mechanism is suspended as elevator.
When Figure 11 represents to adopt second kind of device with pedal, the scheme drawing of corresponding automatic pause mechanism and time out feedback control strategies.Second kind of device with pedal simplified greatly than the structure of first kind of device with pedal, only kept bearing and Active foot plate, and time out self-feed back mechanism is moved on to interior and automatic pause mechanism merging between the bottom wall.In addition, at Active foot plate (53 ') dual-side, the positioning plate (54 ') that extends is vertically upward arranged, the outer downside of Active foot plate (53 ') has roller (636 ').When device with pedal drops to bottom, can cooperate with the second kind of automatic pause mechanism that is located at bottom.
Second kind of automatic pause mechanism and time out self-feed back mechanism are as shown in figure 11.A cantilevered elastic plate (100 ') similar to cantilevered elastic plate in first kind of automatic pause mechanism is wherein arranged, and the front end of this plate and a cross section are roughly the L shaped long-armed top of turning beam (104) and are hinged.Smooth fillet surface is made by the end and the interior corner of turning beam (104).The outer corner of turning beam (104) is hinged by the right-hand member of a connecting rod (127) with the piston rod (118) that is arranged in the damping oil cylinder (116) in the sidewall.The hydraulic fluid port at damped cylinder (116) two ends communicates by oil pipe (119) and adjustable dash pot valve (120).There is one can move back and forth to change the damping panel (121) of damping in the adjustable dash pot valve (120) along flowing to vertical direction with fluid.The end that the afterbody and that damping panel (121) exposes is loaded on the leverage on the wall (123) between wall is hinged, and the other end of leverage (123) and elastic plate (100 ') are hinged at the place, outer end near elastic plate (100 ').When elastic plate not during flexural deformation, damping panel (121) is in extreme lower position, and the shock damping action of dash pot valve this moment (120) is the strongest.When elastic plate (100 ') was crooked, damping panel (121) was raised, and shock damping action weakens.Protruding dish of piston rod (118) left end and damped cylinder (116) end face, between a compression spring (112) that is enclosed within on the piston rod is arranged, relative this piston rod outer end is provided with a group of magnets of being made up of permanent magnet and electromagnet (110) in the building sidewall in addition, wherein electromagnet sleeve is in the permanent magnet outside, and the two end face, when piston rod movement arrives end position, a little gap is arranged between its end face and the group of magnets end face.This spring (112) and this permanent magnet provide a starting force that makes the constant that piston is moved to the left.The working process of entire mechanism is such: when device with pedal (50 ') when moving down, turn beam and be in virgin state shown in Figure 12, when the roller (636) on the Active foot plate (53 ') is collided with the smooth transition curved surface that turns beam (104) top, turning beam (104) rotates counterclockwise around the hinged point of itself and elastic plate (100 '), make device with pedal (50 ') be in as shown in figure 11 halted state, the abducted beam of roller (636) (104) on Active foot plate this moment (53 ') is held.Then, under the permanent magnet effect in compression spring (112) and group of magnets (110) piston (117) is moved to the left, the fluid in the left chamber of damped cylinder (116) begins to be passed through the right chamber that oil pipe (119) and dash pot valve (120) are pressed into damped cylinder (116).Owing to dash pot valve opening minimum this moment, shock damping action is the strongest, so the moving velocity of piston (117) is very slow.Device with pedal (50 ') still is in halted state substantially.When piston gradually in the process that moves to left, turning beam (104) clockwise rotates gradually, simultaneously because the effect of device with pedal (50 '), the outer end of turning beam (104) and elastic plate (100 ') is to moving down, the damping panel (121) of dash pot valve (120) is upwards carried, shock damping action weakens, and piston (116) moving velocity is accelerated.When roller (636 ') when turning that smooth end is tangent beam (104) galianconism outside, device with pedal (50 ') is no longer hindered, the halted state end.Time out length mainly is subjected to the influence of dash pot valve damping amount.
But when the present invention uses as elevator, when the manned or thing of device with pedal moves from bottom to top, the positioning plate on it (54 ') will be collided with the bottom surface of turning beam (104), and the operation of whole device is obstructed, and we claim this situation to be " interference ".In order to eliminate the possibility that this " interference " takes place, be provided with one " elimination interference mechanism " among the present invention, see Figure 11 and Figure 12.
As shown in figure 11, between wall in the sidewall, elastic plate (100 ') top is provided with a travel switch (124), the lever (125) of control the trip switch.The middle part of lever (125) is hinged on sidewall, the one end contacts with the contact of travel switch (124), can depress or unclamp travel switch, the other end outside of lever contacts with turning the long-armed upper end of beam (104) smooth protrusion curved head, and is subjected to the outside impetus of a compression spring (126).When turning beam when being in the initial position, lever (125) is lifted, and travel switch (124) is decontroled.The trip switch is connected in the circuit of the enough big electromagnet of suction in the controlling magnet group (110).Because be provided with the elimination interference mechanism that this electromagnet, travel switch (124) and lever (125) are formed, interference is eliminated.
Introduce principle of work and the working process of eliminating interference mechanism below.As shown in figure 12, be in (I) when position shown in the dotted line when turning beam (104), lever (125) is in (II) position shown in the dotted line, and travel switch (124) is connected the circuit of the electromagnet in the magnet (110), and electromagnet and permanent magnet hold piston rod (118) left together.When the cylindrical tip that device with pedal (50 ') moves upward to positioning plate (54 ') was positioned at (III) position shown in the solid line, the position of turning beam (104) is no change still.Device with pedal (50 ') continue to rise, and withstands to turn beam (104) and make it to rotate counterclockwise, and promotes lever (125) and decontrol travel switch (124), makes the electromagnet outage, and its suction disappears, and piston (117) piston rod (118) moves right simultaneously.When roller (636 ') moves to (IV) when position shown in the dotted line, turn beam (104) and be in (V) position (being position shown in Figure 11), lever (125) is in (VI) position shown in the solid line, and this moment, electromagnet still cut off the power supply.Be in (VII) when position when roller (636 ') continues to rise to, make piston rod (118) produce a little displacement to the right.When roller (636 ') rises to (VIII) position, because the effect of spring (112) is turned beam (104) and got back to (V) position (being the state among Figure 12) shown in the solid line.Therefore, solenoid circuit is switched on again, piston rod (118) inhaled rapidly again to and remain on left end.Like this, next pedal just not can with turn beam (104) collision and produce " interference " phenomenon.If pedal moves downwards, just tripping magnet circuit again, each component locations variation relation is opposite with said sequence, also can not produce interference.
In addition, in this mechanism, same position installed with first kind of automatic pause mechanism in the duplicate travel switch of travel switch (102) (102 '), its effect and function and travel switch (102) are identical, no longer describe in detail.
Structure of the present invention and operation principle below have been described in detail by reference to the accompanying drawings. In sum, the present invention has many advantages. Wherein most importantly: when electricity, it can be used as means of transport, and because a plurality of device with pedal are arranged, so the conevying efficiency height, and when running into fire, earthquake, during the unexpected stormses such as wartime attack from the air, although power interruptions, this device still can lean on the gravity of load to continue operation, the personnel's material safety in the building is evacuated. These characteristics are significant. This device is concrete when using also can flexible arrangement, as to high-rise building, and the transportation system that this identical installation composition of available multi-section structure joins, also can walk abreast two these devices of cover are set, one interplanting upwards promotes usefulness, and downward means of transport is made in another set of not electricity consumption, greatly improves Ferry Status.
Certainly, the design of the concrete structure of each several part and layout still can be done many little variations among the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art can realize these variations fully. But changing, these can not break away from proposed requirement scope in claims of the present invention.
Claims (36)
1, skyscraper lifesaving, the conveying arrangement in a kind of be installed between the interior of building vertical wall comprises that a cover is arranged in the motor transmission mechanism of building top layer, and this device comprises:
A circulation Chain bar formula safety ladder mechanism, in this mechanism comprises between the vertical wall that is arranged in the high-rise, evenly be equipped with on it spacing identical with story height can put some lifesaving pedal gears from pressing close to Chain bar position to level, also comprise the guiding mechanism formed by the guide block of fixed guide group and circulating motion and end loose mechanism by the guiding that some guiding Chain wheels and tightening device are formed, this safety ladder mechanism links by first clutch and motor tractor, and this first clutch is in attracting state under the energising situation; It is characterized in that:
The descending speed self-feed back mechanism of a safety ladder by gravity that constitutes by centrifugal pendulum group and friction disc group, this mechanism links by the motion of second clutch and above-mentioned safety ladder, and be arranged in the architecture bottom layer below ground, under the energising situation, this second clutch is in releasing orientation.The motion of above-mentioned safety ladder mechanism and above-mentioned descending speed self-feed back control mechanism connect and the safety ladder pedal on when non-loaded, this circulation Chain formula safety ladder is in state of equilibrium;
An automatic pause mechanism that is arranged in architecture bottom layer, when above-mentioned safety ladder descended by gravity, this mechanism and lifesaving pedal gear interacted and safety ladder are suspended;
Automatically an auto-power-off device that cuts off the above-mentioned first and second clutch control power supplys when needed.
2, device as claimed in claim 1, circulation Chain bar formula safety ladder mechanism wherein comprises a rotating transmission shaft of going up that is installed in top of building, a rotating lower drive shaft that is installed in the building bottom, these two axles are arranged in parallel, on every axle, fixedly mounted a Chain wheel respectively near each end place, Chain wheel on two axles is aimed at respectively, and two closed Chain bars are installed respectively, the device with pedal that a plurality of its spacings equal the building floor height is installed on the Chain sheet of sealing Chain bar equably swingably, when running to, these device with pedal are positioned at when importing and exporting the first close side with each floor, pedal plane vertical with Chain bar sense of motion (being basic horizontal), when running to opposite side (second side), sagging about 90 degree make the pedal plane substantially parallel with Chain bar sense of motion to pedal owing to deadweight.
3, device as claimed in claim 1, guiding mechanism in the circulation Chain bar formula safety ladder mechanism wherein comprises two groups of guide blocks that connect with the two groups of corresponding Chain sheet of Chain bar indirect securement respectively, these guide blocks rectangular distribution and oppositely stretch out on the Chain bar with pedal, when guide block with Chain bar circulating motion when entering above-mentioned first side, guide block enters in the guide-track groove that is fixed on the wall partition and along guide-track groove and moves.
4, device as claimed in claim 3, the guide rail that is installed on the wall partition wherein is made up of plurality of segments.
5, device as claimed in claim 4, guide-track groove wherein are hollow T shape or the tubular that longitudinal opening is arranged.
6, device as claimed in claim 4, the two ends of guide-track groove are wherein made the guiding groove on band inclined-plane.
7, device as claimed in claim 3, guide block wherein have and the matched protrusion shape of described guide-track groove.
8, device as claimed in claim 7, the end face of guide block is wherein made the ramped shaped that enters guide-track groove easily.
9, device as claimed in claim 3, guide block wherein are installed in and are fixed on the Chain bar of both sides on the crossbeam on the cooresponding Chain sheet.
10, device as claimed in claim 1, guiding wherein end loose mechanism and are arranged on above-mentioned second side.
11, device as claimed in claim 10 respectively is provided with a pair of guiding at approaching upper and lower transmission shaft place at least and ends loose mechanism.
12, device as claimed in claim 10, guiding wherein end loose mechanism comprise one can with described Chain bar correct engagement can with its guiding Chain that rotates wheel, the bearing seat that can laterally slide along fixed rack that this Chain wheel shaft is installed on it, thus one applies unidirectional action power from a lateral axis bearing and this guiding Chain is taken turns withstand on this Chain bar so that make the slack-free spring installation of this Chain bar.
13, device as claimed in claim 1, descending speed self-feed back control mechanism wherein comprises a vertically arranged rotating vertical shaft, its upper end links by Yi Dui Cone gear change transmission device and described second clutch, below vertical shaft Shang Duan Cone gear, have one be enclosed within on the vertical shaft and concentric with it fixed disc, the fixed friction sheet of annular is housed on the lower surface of disk, on vertical shaft, also can overlap the pivoting friction dish assembly that can rotate with vertical shaft vertically slidably, but the movable friction plate that matches with described fixed friction sheet is equipped with in its upper surface, this rotating friction plate upward movement can meet Chain with this fixed friction sheet friction, the distance that moves downward is limited by the supporting plate of one group of circumference uniform distribution, said descending speed self-feed back mechanism also comprises the centrifugal swing ball-lever group system that is fixed on the sleeve that vertical shaft rotates, and has a lever in each lever group at least.Each lever group one end free sagging spherical weight when static is connected, keep in touch in the lower surface of the other end and above-mentioned pivoting friction dish assembly, when centrifugal globe rotates with vertical shaft, because centrifugal action, spherical biological upwards puts, makes the other end of lever group upwards to promote the pivoting friction dish, when rotating speed reaches certain value, but movable friction plate contacts with the fixed friction sheet, thereby the restriction rotating speed improves, and when rotating speed was low, above-mentioned two groups of friction linings were disconnected from each other.
14, device as claimed in claim 13, the supporting plate of circumference uniform distribution wherein is fixed on the said sleeve.
15, device as claimed in claim 13 wherein has four groups of centrifugal swing balls-lever group circumference uniform distribution at least.
16, device as claimed in claim 13, centrifugal swing ball-lever group wherein is made up of a centrifugal swing ball and three grades of lever enlargers.
17, device as claimed in claim 13 also comprises the one group of centrifugal swing ball positioning plate that is arranged on the described rotational sleeve, this positioning plate front be "
" the shape opening, centrifugal globe is arranged in this opening and with wooden partition one little gap is arranged, and when only suspending in the centrifugal swing ball high speed rotating suddenly, can stop centrifugal pendulum circumferentially moving under the effect of circumferencial direction force of inertia in this positioning plate.
18, device as claimed in claim 13, wherein every grade of throw of lever all has structure and the identical throw of lever positioning plate of described centrifugal swing ball positioning plate.
19, device as claimed in claim 1, lifesaving pedal gear wherein comprises a pedal base on the hinged bearing on the crossbeam that is fixed on the described Chain bar in inboard, one at outside and the hinged treadmill of this pedal base away from this hinged place, there is a wedge shape jacking block with symmetrical inclined-plane in central authorities in the treadmill lower inside, a pair of by the moving part that can stretch out to both sides respectively of this wedge shape jacking block control, when the weight that has on the treadmill greater than a body weight for humans, this moving part can stretch out to both sides, this moving part of control stretches out time out control mechanism and Bringing-back mechanism that makes this moving part withdrawal after load sheds on the treadmill of time.
20, device as claimed in claim 19 has the limiting stopper that limits this wedge shape jacking block displacement relative with this wedge shape jacking block on the pedal base wherein.
21, device as claimed in claim 19, moving part wherein comprise one with this wedge shape jacking block on a roller that the inclined-plane cooperates, the parallel pin that is fixedly connected with the roller mount of this roller of end one to one, one and this pin other end bonded assembly block.
22, device as claimed in claim 21, wherein roller is equipped with in the lower end of said block.
23, device as claimed in claim 19, time out control mechanism wherein comprises two parallel oil cylinders that the work that is fixed on the pedal base is integral, described pin respectively as they piston rod and from oil cylinder, pass, on described pin, be equipped with and the close mobile piston of this cylinder cavity liquid, when this moving part moves between its end point of travel, this piston moves between the hydraulic fluid port at oil cylinder two ends with this pin, each oil cylinder respectively has a damper tube that this two ends hydraulic fluid port is coupled together, a unidirectional damping device is arranged in each damper tube, make when described block outwards moves, fluid in the cylinder cavity freely flows into the other end from an end, and when block bounced back under described Bringing-back mechanism effect, the fluid in the damper tube must flow by a damping hole.
24, device as claimed in claim 23, unidirectional damping device wherein is the baffle plate that can unidirectionally open that is contained in the damper tube, a damping hole is arranged on it, when described block outwards moves, oily stream in the damped pipe of this baffle plate is opened, and when described block retraction movement, the oily stream in the then damped pipe of this baffle plate is closed, and fluid can only be flow through from the damping hole on this baffle plate.
25, device as claimed in claim 19, wherein said Bringing-back mechanism are to be enclosed within on the described pin respectively and the compression spring between said time out control mechanism and said roller mount.
26; as claim 1 or 19 described devices; wherein said automatic pause mechanism comprises that an end is arranged in the cantilevered elasticity plate parts on the sidewall between the vertical wall that is lower than the building ground floor; its free end protrudes in sidewall between wall and can block described block on the described device with pedal that is in the state of stretching out in the landing; one is arranged in sidewall surfaces between this wall; electromagnet mechanism above the described elastic plate part; when pedal upper surface flushes with passage ground; this electromagnet is relative with this block, comprises that also one is arranged in below the described cantilevered elastic plate part free end and the plate face when not being out of shape keeps the shock absorber of certain distance.
27, device as claimed in claim 26, wherein said shock absorber are the compressed spring type shock absorbers.
28, device as claimed in claim 26, auto-power-off device wherein is one and is arranged between vertical wall in the sidewall, the travel switch of described cantilevered elastic plate part top, under the not distortion situation of described elastic plate part, the control end of the trip switch is depressed above the elastic plate by this, described first and second power-transfer clutchs are near power supply, and described elastic plate elastic bending is when producing certain amount of deflection, the action of this control end is decontroled the travel switch control end, thereby cuts off the power supply of described first and second power-transfer clutchs.
29, device as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pedal gear comprises a hinged bearing on the crossbeam that is fixed on the described Chain bar in inboard, one at outside and the hinged Active foot plate of this bearing away from this hinged place, there is the postive stop baffle that extends substantially vertically upward with Active foot plate these Active foot plate both sides, and the outer inferior horn of this Active foot plate is equipped with rotating roller.
30, as claim 1 or 29 described devices; wherein said automatic pause mechanism comprises that one can stop the turn beam, one of pedal travel to be fixed on the cantilevered elastic plate in the sidewall between vertical wall; a damper of forming by damping oil cylinder and dash pot valve, a damper regulation mechanism and an elimination interference mechanism that prevents to turn beam and pedal gear interference of forming by leverage.
31, device as claimed in claim 30, the beam that turns wherein has and is substantially L shaped cross section, the curved surface that becomes smooth transition of the upper surface of its two arms outer end and galianconism, this turns the long-armed at free hinge ending connection close and its upper end and above-mentioned cantilevered elastic plate of beam, making this turn beam can rotate around this hinge-point, this corner of turning beam is hinged by piston rod one end in a connecting rod and the damped cylinder, and when this turned the beam rotation, this piston rod can parallel motion.
32, device as claimed in claim 30, wherein said damped cylinder two ends communicate by oil pipe and a dash pot valve, a damping panel is arranged in this dash pot valve, and this damping panel can move along the direction perpendicular to oil stream to change the size of damping, and the motion of this damping panel is to this rod control.
33, device as claimed in claim 30, wherein said leverage one end links to each other with this damping panel, and the other end is being hinged with this cantilevered elastic plate near this place, cantilevered elastic plate outer end.
34, device as claimed in claim 30, a compression spring that is enclosed within on this piston rod is arranged between the shoulder of another overhanging end of wherein said damped cylinder piston rod and the resistance cylinders, this piston rod other end direction be provided with one relative to this overhanging end end face a permanent magnet and the group of magnets that electromagnet is formed, when piston rod when the group of magnets direction moves to end position, a little gap is arranged between them.
35, device as claimed in claim 30, wherein said elimination interference mechanism comprises the control mechanism of an electromagnet that is oppositely arranged with another overhanging end face of this damped cylinder and this electromagnet, this control mechanism comprises that is arranged on the travel switch in the sidewall between wall, the hinged control stalk on sidewall between wall in centre, travel switch can be depressed or decontrol to the one end, the other end is subjected to the long-armed upper end control of described rotary planker and swings, when described piston cylinder piston is positioned to the sidewall retracted position, owing to effect the trip switch of rotary planker is depressed by this control stalk and is connected the electromagnet power supply loop, when this piston is positioned at when stretching out the position outside sidewall, thereby this rotary planker is controlled this control stalk and the trip switch is decontroled the electric power loop that cuts off this electromagnet.
36, device as claimed in claim 30, auto-power-off device wherein is one and is arranged in the travel switch in the sidewall, above the described cantilevered elastic plate between vertical wall, under the not distortion situation of described elastic plate, the trip switch makes the power connection of described first second clutch, and when described elastic plate elastic bending produces certain amount of deflection, thereby make the trip switch motion cut off the power supply of described first and second power-transfer clutchs.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN87105370A CN1009801B (en) | 1987-08-04 | 1987-08-04 | Transportation and accident lifesaving apparatus for high building |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN87105370A CN1009801B (en) | 1987-08-04 | 1987-08-04 | Transportation and accident lifesaving apparatus for high building |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1037317A CN1037317A (en) | 1989-11-22 |
| CN1009801B true CN1009801B (en) | 1990-10-03 |
Family
ID=4815303
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN87105370A Expired CN1009801B (en) | 1987-08-04 | 1987-08-04 | Transportation and accident lifesaving apparatus for high building |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1009801B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8627828B2 (en) | 2003-11-07 | 2014-01-14 | U.S. Smokeless Tobacco Company Llc | Tobacco compositions |
| AU2004289248B2 (en) | 2003-11-07 | 2012-05-03 | U.S. Smokeless Tobacco Company Llc | Tobacco compositions |
| CN101088574A (en) * | 2006-06-13 | 2007-12-19 | 孔令生 | Fast escape passage |
| CN103170070A (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2013-06-26 | 孔令生 | High-rise building fire escape system |
| CN104140033B (en) * | 2013-05-11 | 2016-05-18 | 解宏 | Staircase voluntarily |
| CN104291198A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2015-01-21 | 宁波合力伟业消防科技有限公司 | Straight-moving-type downward escalator |
| CN105709345A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2016-06-29 | 朱建瑜 | High-rise circulatory rapid escape device |
| CN106081487B (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2019-04-16 | 深圳市劲拓自动化设备股份有限公司 | A kind of vertical reflow ovens |
| CN106241203B (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2019-04-19 | 深圳市劲拓自动化设备股份有限公司 | A kind of vertical reflow ovens |
| CN107137831A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-08 | 江汉大学 | One kind drop building escape device |
| CN107789754B (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2019-12-10 | 广东爱得威建设(集团)股份有限公司 | Intelligent escape system based on high-rise building and control method thereof |
| CN108189730B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-10-11 | 南理工泰兴智能制造研究院有限公司 | A kind of large-tonnage plate self unloading machine |
| CN110697544A (en) * | 2019-10-04 | 2020-01-17 | 张女儿 | Circulating elevator with cleaning device |
| CN110626918A (en) * | 2019-10-04 | 2019-12-31 | 张女儿 | Circulating elevator and wire hoisting device for same |
| CN110683448A (en) * | 2019-10-04 | 2020-01-14 | 张女儿 | Elevator capable of raising vertically halfway without stopping |
| CN110980475B (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2021-06-18 | 上海爱登堡电梯江苏有限公司 | Automatic lift prevents falling fire ladder |
| CN111762648A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-13 | 王秋俐 | Mechanical high-rise escape and daily use system |
-
1987
- 1987-08-04 CN CN87105370A patent/CN1009801B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1037317A (en) | 1989-11-22 |
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