CN113290847A - Cylindrical coordinate type multi-nozzle FDM3D printer and printing method thereof - Google Patents
Cylindrical coordinate type multi-nozzle FDM3D printer and printing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113290847A CN113290847A CN202110649495.0A CN202110649495A CN113290847A CN 113290847 A CN113290847 A CN 113290847A CN 202110649495 A CN202110649495 A CN 202110649495A CN 113290847 A CN113290847 A CN 113290847A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/227—Driving means
- B29C64/232—Driving means for motion along the axis orthogonal to the plane of a layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/227—Driving means
- B29C64/241—Driving means for rotary motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
Abstract
A column coordinate type multi-nozzle 3D printer and a printing method thereof comprise a base, wherein a vertical movement mechanism is vertically arranged in the middle of the base, a leveling mechanism is arranged above the base and surrounds the vertical movement mechanism, a rotary movement mechanism is arranged at the top of the leveling mechanism, an annular printing platform is connected to the rotary movement mechanism through a bearing, a radial movement mechanism is connected to the vertical movement mechanism above the annular printing platform, and a nozzle is arranged on the radial movement mechanism; through control annular print platform rotation, change the shower nozzle work area that corresponds that prints the place, change the shower nozzle print area that corresponds that prints the place, realize that many of single material work piece print jointly and many shower nozzles of many material work pieces are printed in coordination, the simple structure of rectangular coordinate formula X-Y-Z motion is compared to post coordinate formula r-phi-Z motion, and it is bigger to print the space, the shaping speed is faster, the suitability of 3D printer has been improved effectively, very big promotion printing efficiency, and manufacturing cost has been reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a cylindrical coordinate type multi-nozzle FDM3D printer and a printing method thereof.
Background
The FDM3D printer uses ABS, PLA or nylon as material, uses a displacement device to control a spray head to move along a planned path, and builds a solid model by stacking and shaping the molten material layer by layer through a nozzle on a printing platform.
Print inefficiency, the cooperation that can't satisfy many materials is the important problem of current F4M type printer, it is a fine solution to set up many shower nozzles, in order to further improve printing efficiency, promote printing quality, some FDM3D printers that have two and above shower nozzles have begun to appear, but the drive mechanism of traditional triaxial linkage lathe is generally adopted to current many shower nozzles printer, receive the restriction of platform displacement scope or shower nozzle displacement scope, it can lead to the whole volume of 3D printer to increase to set up a plurality of shower nozzles, and the cost is improved.
At present, an FDM (frequency division multiplexing) 3D printer usually adopts a coordinate type mechanical structure, and a rectangular coordinate type (X-Y-Z) motion mechanism and a cylindrical coordinate type (r-phi-Z) motion mechanism are complex in structure and low in printing efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a cylindrical coordinate type multi-nozzle FDM3D printer and a printing method thereof, which can change the printing area of a corresponding nozzle where a printing piece is located by controlling an annular printing platform to rotate, realize the common printing of multiple pieces of single-material workpieces and the multi-nozzle collaborative printing of multiple-material workpieces, meet the requirements of composite material printing or batch printing of the workpieces, effectively improve the applicability of the 3D printer and reduce the production cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a many shower nozzles FDM3D printer of post coordinate formula, includes base 01, install perpendicular motion 04 in the middle of the base 01 perpendicularly, the base 01 top is around perpendicular motion 04, installs levelling mechanism 03, and levelling mechanism 03 top is equipped with rotary motion mechanism 02, and annular print platform 05 passes through the bearing and connects on rotary motion 02, and annular print platform 05 top is connected with radial motion 06 on the perpendicular motion 04, and shower nozzle 07 is installed on radial motion 06.
The rotary motion mechanism 02 comprises a platform base 0206, a rotary driving motor 0205 is installed on a chassis of the platform base 0206 near the edge, a power output shaft of the rotary driving motor 0205 is connected with the axis of a first gear 0201, the first gear 0201 is meshed with a second gear 0202, the inner ring of the second gear 0202 is connected with the top of the platform base 0206 through a bearing 0204, a gasket 0203 is arranged between the top surface of the second gear 0202 and the bottom surface of the annular printing platform 05, and the annular printing platform 05 and the gasket 0203 are connected onto the second gear 0202 through bolts.
The vertical motion mechanism 04 comprises a top platform 0402, a vertical driving motor 0401 is arranged above the top platform 0402, a power output shaft of the vertical driving motor 0401 penetrates through the top platform 0402 and is connected with the top end of a lead screw 0404 through a coupler 0403, the bottom end of the lead screw 0404 is connected with a second bearing seat 0409 arranged at the top end of a base 01, the periphery of the second bearing seat 0409 is connected with a guide shaft 0405 between the base 01 and the top platform 0402 through guide shaft seats 0408 which are evenly distributed, a lifting platform 0410 is respectively connected with the lead screw 0404 through lead screw nuts 0407 and is connected with the guide shaft 0405 through a linear bearing 0406, and a z-direction limit switch 0411 is fixed on the guide shaft 0405.
The radial movement mechanism 06 comprises a radial driving motor 0601 fixed on the peripheral edge of the lifting platform 0410 through bolts and a connecting end of a projecting arm 0602, a first belt wheel 0604 is fixed on a power output shaft of the radial driving motor 0601, a second belt wheel 0605 is fixed at the projecting end of the projecting arm 0602, a spray head 07 is connected on the projecting arm 0602 in a sliding manner, a transmission belt 0603 is connected among the first belt wheel 0604, the second belt wheel 0605 and the spray head 07, and an r-direction limit switch 0606 is fixed on the side surface of the projecting arm 0602 close to the lifting platform 0410.
The radial driving motors 0601 and the extension arms 0602 arranged on the peripheral edge of the lifting platform 0410 are provided with a plurality of groups which are uniformly distributed.
The electric signal connections of the rotary driving motor 0205 and the controller thereof, the vertical driving motor 0401 and the controller thereof, the radial driving motor 0601 and the controller thereof, the spray head 07 and the controller thereof, the z-direction limit switch 0411 and the r-direction limit switch 0606 are all controlled by an external control system.
A method for printing a plurality of single-material workpieces based on a cylindrical coordinate type multi-nozzle 3D printer specifically comprises the following steps:
1) inputting a three-dimensional model of a workpiece into three-dimensional slicing software in advance, slicing the three-dimensional model in layers, and planning a printing path;
2) the same printing wire is arranged on the spray head 07;
3) adjusting the leveling mechanism 03 to enable the upper surface of the upper annular printing platform 05 to be parallel to the platform where the spray head 07 is located;
4) according to the printing setting, the nozzle 07 is heated until the printing wire is preheated to the set temperature;
5) checking an r axis: starting the radial movement mechanism 06, the radial drive motor 0601 drives the first belt wheel 0604, the second belt wheel 0605 and the transmission belt 0603 to rotate, and further drives each group of the nozzles 07 to move along the extension arm 0602 to the r-axis negative direction until the nozzles 07 contact the r-direction limit switch 0606, the r sends a trigger signal to the limit switch 0606, the radial drive motor 0601 stops working, and the r-direction position of each group of the nozzles 07 at present is recorded as the initial position of the r direction;
6) and (3) checking the z axis: a vertical driving motor 0401 of the vertical motion mechanism 04 rotates to drive a lead screw 0404 to rotate, and then a lead screw nut 0407 drives a lifting platform 0410 to move along the z-axis negative direction, the spray head 07 moves along with the lifting platform 0410 along a guide shaft 0405 towards the z-axis negative direction until a linear bearing 0406 contacts a z-direction limit switch 0411, the z-direction limit switch 0411 sends a trigger signal, the vertical driving motor 0401 stops working, and the current z-direction position of the spray head 07 is recorded as the initial position in the z direction;
7) start first layer slice printing: the radial movement mechanism 06 operates synchronously according to the control signal, and simultaneously the rotary movement mechanism 02 moves the annular printing platform 05 according to the control signal, so that each group of nozzles 07 moves in the printing plane in which the nozzles are located according to the same path, and each nozzle 07 operates simultaneously, so that printing wires melted at high temperature are extruded from the nozzles of the nozzles 07, and the extruded materials are bonded on the annular printing platform 05 to form a first layer of a plurality of groups of printing workpieces;
8) after the single-layer printing is finished, the vertical movement mechanism 04 operates, each spray head 07 is lifted for a certain distance according to a control signal, the next layer of printing is carried out, and the extruded material is bonded on the first layer of printing material to form a second layer of a plurality of groups of printing workpieces;
9) and repeating the circulation until the whole workpiece is printed.
A single-piece composite material workpiece printing method based on a cylindrical coordinate type multi-nozzle 3D printer specifically comprises the following steps:
1) inputting a three-dimensional model of a composite material workpiece into three-dimensional slicing software in advance, slicing the three-dimensional model in a layered manner, distributing different materials to different spray heads for printing according to the material distribution of the workpiece, and planning a printing path;
2) installing a wire to be printed on a spray head according to a workpiece material to be printed;
3) adjusting the leveling mechanism 03 to enable the upper surface of the upper annular printing platform 05 to be parallel to a platform where the plurality of groups of nozzles 07 are located;
4) according to the printing setting, the nozzle 07 is heated until the printing wire is preheated to the set temperature;
5) checking an r axis: starting the radial movement mechanism 06, the radial drive motor 0601 drives the first belt wheel 0604, the second belt wheel 0605 and the transmission belt 0603 to rotate, and further drives each group of the nozzles 07 to move along the extension arm 0602 to the r-axis negative direction until the nozzles 07 contact the r-direction limit switch 0606, the r sends a trigger signal to the limit switch 0606, the radial drive motor 0601 stops working, and the r-direction position of each group of the nozzles 07 at present is recorded as the initial position of the r direction;
6) and (3) checking the z axis: a vertical driving motor 0401 of the vertical motion mechanism 04 rotates to drive a lead screw 0404 to rotate, and then a lead screw nut 0407 drives a lifting platform 0410 to move along the z-axis negative direction, the spray head 07 moves along with the lifting platform 0410 along a guide shaft 0405 towards the z-axis negative direction until a linear bearing 0406 contacts a z-direction limit switch 0411, the z-direction limit switch 0411 sends a trigger signal, the vertical driving motor 0401 stops working, and the current z-direction position of the spray head 07 is recorded as the initial position in the z direction;
7) start first layer slice printing: the radial movement mechanism 06 moves a single head 07 in the radial direction according to the control signal, the remaining heads 07 are kept in a standby state, the rotary movement mechanism 02 moves the annular printing platform 05 according to the control signal, so that the currently operating nozzle 07 moves along the planned path in the printing plane, meanwhile, the sprayer 07 operates, so that printing wires molten at high temperature are extruded from a nozzle of the sprayer 07, the extruded materials are bonded on the annular printing platform 05, after single-layer printing of the first material of the composite material workpiece is completed, the annular printing platform 05 moves by a certain angle according to the control signal, the printed part on the annular printing platform 05 is conveyed to the position below the corresponding sprayer 07 of the second material to be printed continuously, and the sprayers 07 provided with different materials print the part corresponding to the first layer of the workpiece in sequence according to the planned printing path;
8) after the single-layer printing is finished, the vertical movement mechanism 04 operates to lift each spray head for a certain distance to print the next layer, and the extruded material is bonded on the printing material of the first layer to form a second layer of the printing workpiece;
9) the cycle is repeated until printing is completed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention designs a plurality of spray head assemblies which are respectively provided with an independent r-direction displacement mechanism and a shared phi-direction and z-direction displacement mechanism, can realize multi-spray head cooperative printing by means of specially set slice model data, meets the requirements of composite material printing or batch printing of workpieces, effectively improves the applicability of a 3D printer, and reduces the production cost.
The annular printing platform 05 is adopted, and no matter which angle the annular printing platform 05 turns to, the annular printing platform can be used as an initial angle, so that when returning to an initial point before printing, only the original point needs to be returned on the z axis and the r axis, the original point does not need to be returned on XYZ three-coordinate like a traditional printer, and the printing efficiency is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial sectional view of the rotary motion mechanism 02 and the leveling mechanism 03 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the vertical movement mechanism 04 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the radial movement mechanism 06 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an exploded view of the rotary motion mechanism 02 of the present invention.
In the figure: 01. a base; 02. a rotational movement mechanism; 0201. a first gear; 0202. a second gear; 0203. a gasket; 0204. a bearing; 0205. a rotary drive motor; 0206. a platform base; 03. a leveling mechanism; 0301. knurling a knob; 0302. a flange screw nut; 0303. adjusting the screw rod; 0304. a first bearing housing; 04. a vertical movement mechanism; 0401. a vertical drive motor; 0402. a top platform; 0403. a coupling; 0404. a lead screw; 0405. a guide shaft; 0406. a linear bearing; 0407. a lead screw nut; 0408. a guide shaft support; 0409. a second bearing housing; 0410. a lifting platform; 0411. a z-direction limit switch; 05. an annular printing platform; 06. a radial movement mechanism; 0601. a radial drive motor; 0602. a reach arm; 0603. a drive belt; 0604. a first pulley; 0605. a second pulley; 0606. an r-direction limit switch; 07. and (4) a spray head.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a cylindrical coordinate type multi-nozzle FDM3D printer comprises a base 01, wherein a vertical movement mechanism 04 is vertically installed in the middle of the base 01, a leveling mechanism 03 is installed above the base 01 and surrounds the vertical movement mechanism 04, a rotary movement mechanism 02 is arranged at the top of the leveling mechanism 03, an annular printing platform 05 is connected to the rotary movement mechanism 02 through a bearing, a radial movement mechanism 06 is connected to the vertical movement mechanism 04 above the annular printing platform 05, and a nozzle 07 is installed on the radial movement mechanism 06.
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the rotary motion mechanism 02 includes a platform base 0206, a rotary driving motor 0205 is mounted near the edge on the chassis of the platform base 0206, a power output shaft of the rotary driving motor 0205 is connected with the axle center of a first gear 0201, the first gear 0201 is meshed with a second gear 0202, the inner ring of the second gear 0202 is connected with the top of the platform base 0206 through a bearing 0204, a gasket 0203 is arranged between the top surface of the second gear 0202 and the bottom surface of the annular printing platform 05, and the annular printing platform 05 and the gasket 0203 are connected to the second gear 0202 through bolts.
As shown in fig. 2, the leveling mechanism 03 includes a plurality of first bearing seats 0304 uniformly fixed on the base 01 through bolts, the first bearing seats 0304 are connected with the bottom end of the adjusting screw 0303 in a matching manner, the adjusting screw 0303 is connected with the flange screw nut 0302 in a matching manner, the flange screw nut 0302 is fixed on the platform base 0206 through bolts, and the knurled knob 0301 is fixed on the top end of the adjusting screw 0303 through fastening bolts.
As shown in fig. 3, the vertical movement mechanism 04 includes a top platform 0402, a vertical driving motor 0401 is disposed above the top platform 0402, a power output shaft of the vertical driving motor 0401 passes through the top platform 0402 and is connected with a top end of a lead screw 0404 through a shaft coupling 0403, a bottom end of the lead screw 0404 is connected with a second bearing seat 0409 disposed at a top end of the base 01, a periphery of the second bearing seat 0409 is connected with a guide shaft 0405 between the base 01 and the top platform 0402 through guide shaft seats 0408 which are evenly distributed, the lifting platform 0410 is respectively connected with the lead screw 0404 through a lead screw nut 0407 and is connected with the guide shaft 0405 through a linear bearing 0406, and the z-direction limit switch 0411 is fixed on the guide shaft 0405.
As shown in fig. 4, the radial movement mechanism 06 includes a radial driving motor 0601 fixed to the peripheral edge of the lifting platform 0410 by bolts and a connecting end of a projecting arm 0602, a first pulley 0604 is fixed to a power output shaft of the radial driving motor 0601, a second pulley 0605 is fixed to an extending end of the projecting arm 0602, the nozzle 07 is slidably connected to the projecting arm 0602, a driving belt 0603 is connected between the first pulley 0604, the second pulley 0605 and the nozzle 07, and r is fixed to the side surface of the projecting arm 0602 near the lifting platform 0410 towards a limit switch 0606.
The radial driving motors 0601 and the extension arms 0602 arranged on the peripheral edge of the lifting platform 0410 are provided with a plurality of groups which are uniformly distributed.
The electric signal connections of the rotary driving motor 0205 and the controller thereof, the vertical driving motor 0401 and the controller thereof, the radial driving motor 0601 and the controller thereof, the spray head 07 and the controller thereof, the z-direction limit switch 0411 and the r-direction limit switch 0606 are all controlled by an external control system.
A method for printing a plurality of single-material workpieces based on a cylindrical coordinate type multi-nozzle 3D printer specifically comprises the following steps:
1) inputting a three-dimensional model of a workpiece into three-dimensional slicing software in advance, slicing the three-dimensional model in layers, and planning a printing path;
2) the same printing wire is arranged on the spray head 07;
3) adjusting the leveling mechanism 03 to enable the upper surface of the upper annular printing platform 05 to be parallel to the platform where the spray head 07 is located;
4) according to the printing setting, the nozzle 07 is heated until the printing wire is preheated to the set temperature;
5) checking an r axis: starting the radial movement mechanism 06, the radial drive motor 0601 drives the first belt wheel 0604, the second belt wheel 0605 and the transmission belt 0603 to rotate, and further drives each group of the nozzles 07 to move along the extension arm 0602 to the r-axis negative direction until the nozzles 07 contact the r-direction limit switch 0606, the r sends a trigger signal to the limit switch 0606, the radial drive motor 0601 stops working, and the r-direction position of each group of the nozzles 07 at present is recorded as the initial position of the r direction;
6) and (3) checking the z axis: a vertical driving motor 0401 of the vertical motion mechanism 04 rotates to drive a lead screw 0404 to rotate, and then a lead screw nut 0407 drives a lifting platform 0410 to move along the z-axis negative direction, the spray head 07 moves along with the lifting platform 0410 along a guide shaft 0405 towards the z-axis negative direction until a linear bearing 0406 contacts a z-direction limit switch 0411, the z-direction limit switch 0411 sends a trigger signal, the vertical driving motor 0401 stops working, and the current z-direction position of the spray head 07 is recorded as the initial position in the z direction;
7) start first layer slice printing: the radial movement mechanism 06 operates synchronously according to the control signal, and simultaneously the rotary movement mechanism 02 moves the annular printing platform 05 according to the control signal, so that each group of nozzles 07 moves in the printing plane in which the nozzles are located according to the same path, and each nozzle 07 operates simultaneously, so that printing wires melted at high temperature are extruded from the nozzles of the nozzles 07, and the extruded materials are bonded on the annular printing platform 05 to form a first layer of a plurality of groups of printing workpieces;
8) after the single-layer printing is finished, the vertical movement mechanism 04 operates, each spray head 07 is lifted for a certain distance according to a control signal, the next layer of printing is carried out, and the extruded material is bonded on the first layer of printing material to form a second layer of a plurality of groups of printing workpieces;
9) and repeating the circulation until the whole workpiece is printed.
A single-piece composite material workpiece printing method based on a cylindrical coordinate type multi-nozzle 3D printer specifically comprises the following steps:
1) inputting a three-dimensional model of a composite material workpiece into three-dimensional slicing software in advance, slicing the three-dimensional model in a layered manner, distributing different materials to different spray heads for printing according to the material distribution of the workpiece, and planning a printing path;
2) installing a wire to be printed on a spray head according to a workpiece material to be printed;
3) adjusting the leveling mechanism 03 to enable the upper surface of the upper annular printing platform 05 to be parallel to a platform where the plurality of groups of nozzles 07 are located;
4) according to the printing setting, the nozzle 07 is heated until the printing wire is preheated to the set temperature;
5) checking an r axis: starting the radial movement mechanism 06, the radial drive motor 0601 drives the first belt wheel 0604, the second belt wheel 0605 and the transmission belt 0603 to rotate, and further drives each group of the nozzles 07 to move along the extension arm 0602 to the r-axis negative direction until the nozzles 07 contact the r-direction limit switch 0606, the r sends a trigger signal to the limit switch 0606, the radial drive motor 0601 stops working, and the r-direction position of each group of the nozzles 07 at present is recorded as the initial position of the r direction;
6) and (3) checking the z axis: a vertical driving motor 0401 of the vertical motion mechanism 04 rotates to drive a lead screw 0404 to rotate, and then a lead screw nut 0407 drives a lifting platform 0410 to move along the z-axis negative direction, the spray head 07 moves along with the lifting platform 0410 along a guide shaft 0405 towards the z-axis negative direction until a linear bearing 0406 contacts a z-direction limit switch 0411, the z-direction limit switch 0411 sends a trigger signal, the vertical driving motor 0401 stops working, and the current z-direction position of the spray head 07 is recorded as the initial position in the z direction;
7) start first layer slice printing: the radial movement mechanism 06 moves a single head 07 in the radial direction according to the control signal, the remaining heads 07 are kept in a standby state, the rotary movement mechanism 02 moves the annular printing platform 05 according to the control signal, so that the currently operating nozzle 07 moves along the planned path in the printing plane, meanwhile, the sprayer 07 operates, so that printing wires molten at high temperature are extruded from a nozzle of the sprayer 07, the extruded materials are bonded on the annular printing platform 05, after single-layer printing of the first material of the composite material workpiece is completed, the annular printing platform 05 moves by a certain angle according to the control signal, the printed part on the annular printing platform 05 is conveyed to the position below the corresponding sprayer 07 of the second material to be printed continuously, and the sprayers 07 provided with different materials print the part corresponding to the first layer of the workpiece in sequence according to the planned printing path;
8) after the single-layer printing is finished, the vertical movement mechanism 04 operates to lift each spray head for a certain distance to print the next layer, and the extruded material is bonded on the printing material of the first layer to form a second layer of the printing workpiece;
9) the cycle is repeated until printing is completed.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the printing platform 05 and the rotary motion mechanism 02 are supported by the leveling mechanism 03 and mounted on the base 01 together, a knurled knob 0301 of the leveling mechanism 03 is rotated manually, the adjusting screw rod 0303 rotates along with the knurled knob, the flange screw nut 0302 matched with the adjusting screw rod 0303 can move up and down in a certain range, the spatial position of the upper surface of the printing platform 05, namely the printing plane, can be changed by changing the height of the flange screw nut 0302 of the leveling mechanism, the upper surface of the printing platform 05 is parallel to the plane where the multiple groups of spray heads 07 are located, and the requirement of cooperative printing is met.
A vertical driving motor 0401 of the vertical movement mechanism 04 operates, and drives a lead screw 0404 to rotate through a coupler 0403, so that a lead screw nut 0407 matched with the lead screw mechanism 0407 moves up and down, and then the lifting platform 0410 is driven to move along a guide shaft in the z-axis direction, and the z-direction displacement of the spray head 07 relative to the annular printing platform 05 is realized;
a radial drive motor 0601 of the radial movement mechanism 06 drives the transmission belt 0603 to drive the spray head 07 to slide on the extension arm 0602, so that the spray head 07 can move in the R direction relative to the annular printing platform 05;
a rotary driving motor 0205 of the rotary motion mechanism 02 drives the first gear 0201 to rotate and drives the second gear 0202 meshed with the first gear 0201 to rotate in the opposite direction so as to realize the rotation of the annular printing platform 05 connected to the second gear 0202, namely the spray head moves in the phi direction relative to the annular printing platform 05;
the rotary motion mechanism 02, the vertical motion mechanism 04 and the radial motion mechanism 06 are mutually matched, so that the spray head 07 can move according to a planned path in a designated space, meanwhile, the spray head 07 heats the printing wire to melt the printing wire and then extrudes the printing wire from a nozzle, and the printing materials are stacked layer by layer in the space to form an entity to finish printing.
When a large batch of monochromatic printing pieces need to be printed, a plurality of nozzle assemblies work simultaneously, and a printer prints a plurality of same printing pieces simultaneously; the annular printing platform 05 can be regarded as a plurality of fan-shaped printing areas which are displaced along the phi direction together and respectively correspond to a plurality of printing nozzles, and a plurality of workpieces are printed independently;
when a single multi-material printing piece needs to be printed, the multiple nozzle assemblies work alternately to cooperatively print one printing piece, and the printing piece is moved to the position below the corresponding nozzle to be printed by rotating the annular printing platform;
while the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art; the above examples are provided only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a many shower nozzles of post coordinate formula FDM3D printer, includes base (01), its characterized in that: vertical motion mechanism (04) is installed perpendicularly in the middle of base (01), base (01) top is around vertical motion mechanism (04), install levelling mechanism (03), levelling mechanism (03) top is equipped with rotary motion mechanism (02), annular print platform (05) are connected on rotary motion mechanism (02) through the bearing, annular print platform (05) top is connected with radial motion mechanism (06) on vertical motion mechanism (04), shower nozzle (07) are installed on radial motion mechanism (06).
2. The cylindrical coordinate type multi-nozzle FDM3D printer of claim 1, wherein: the rotary motion mechanism (02) comprises a platform base (0206), a rotary driving motor (0205) is installed on a chassis of the platform base (0206) near the edge, a power output shaft of the rotary driving motor (0205) is connected with the axis of a first gear (0201), the first gear (0201) is meshed with a second gear (0202), the inner ring of the second gear (0202) is connected with the top of the platform base (0206) through a bearing (0204), a gasket (0203) is arranged between the top surface of the second gear (0202) and the bottom surface of the annular printing platform (05), and the annular printing platform (05) and the gasket (0203) are connected onto the second gear (0202) through bolts.
3. The cylindrical coordinate type multi-nozzle FDM3D printer of claim 1, wherein: leveling mechanism (03) include a plurality of first bearing frame (0304) of evenly fixing on base (01) through the bolt, first bearing frame (0304) and accommodate the lead screw (0303) bottom match and are connected, accommodate the lead screw (0303) and flange screw-nut (0302) looks adaptation is connected, flange screw-nut (0302) pass through the bolt fastening on platform base (0206), annular knurl knob (0301) pass through holding bolt fastening at the top of accommodate the lead screw (0303).
4. The cylindrical coordinate type multi-nozzle FDM3D printer of claim 1, wherein: the vertical motion mechanism (04) comprises a top platform (0402), a vertical driving motor (0401) is arranged above the top platform (0402), a power output shaft of the vertical driving motor (0401) penetrates through the top platform (0402) and is connected with the top end of a lead screw (0404) through a shaft coupling (0403), the bottom end of the lead screw (0404) is connected with a second bearing seat (0409) arranged at the top end of a base (01), the periphery of the second bearing seat (0409) is connected with a guide shaft (0405) through guide shaft seats (0408) which are evenly distributed between the base (01) and the top platform (0402), a lifting platform (0410) is respectively connected with the lead screw (0404) through a lead screw nut (0407) in an adaptive manner and is connected with the guide shaft (0405) through a linear bearing (0406), and a z-direction limit switch (0411) is fixed on the guide shaft (0405).
5. The cylindrical coordinate type multi-nozzle FDM3D printer of claim 1, wherein: the radial motion mechanism (06) comprises a radial driving motor (0601) and a connecting end of a projecting arm (0602), wherein the radial driving motor (0601) is fixed on the peripheral edge of the lifting platform (0410) through a bolt, a first belt wheel (0604) is fixed on a power output shaft of the radial driving motor (0601), a second belt wheel (0605) is fixed at the projecting end of the projecting arm (0602), a spray head (07) is connected onto the projecting arm (0602) in a sliding manner, a transmission belt (0603) is connected between the first belt wheel (0604), the second belt wheel (0605) and the spray head (07), and r is fixed on the side face of the projecting arm (0602) close to the lifting platform (0410) towards a limit switch (0606).
6. The cylindrical coordinate type multi-nozzle FDM3D printer of claim 5, wherein: the radial driving motors (0601) and the extension arms (0602) arranged on the peripheral edge of the lifting platform (0410) are provided with multiple groups which are uniformly distributed.
7. The cylindrical coordinate type multi-nozzle FDM3D printer of claim 2, 4 or 5, wherein: the electric signal connections of the rotary driving motor (0205) and the controller thereof, the vertical driving motor (0401) and the controller thereof, the radial driving motor (0601) and the controller thereof, the spray head (07) and the controller thereof, the z-direction limit switch (0411) and the r-direction limit switch (0606) are all controlled by an external control system.
8. A method for printing a plurality of single-material workpieces based on a cylindrical coordinate type multi-nozzle 3D printer is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) inputting a three-dimensional model of a workpiece into three-dimensional slicing software in advance, slicing the three-dimensional model in layers, and planning a printing path;
2) the same printing wire is arranged on the spray head (07);
3) adjusting the leveling mechanism (03) to enable the upper surface of the upper annular printing platform (05) to be parallel to a platform where the spray head (07) is located;
4) heating the spray head (07) according to the printing setting until the printing wire is preheated to the set temperature;
5) checking an r axis: starting the radial movement mechanism (06), driving the first belt wheel (0604), the second belt wheel (0605) and the transmission belt (0603) to run by the radial driving motor (0601), and further driving each group of spray heads (07) to move towards the negative direction of the r axis along the extension arm (0602) until the spray heads (07) contact the r-direction limit switch (0606), sending trigger signals to the limit switch (0606) by the r, stopping the radial driving motor (0601), and recording the r-direction position of each current group of spray heads (07) as the initial position of the r direction;
6) and (3) checking the z axis: a vertical driving motor (0401) of a vertical movement mechanism (04) rotates to drive a lead screw (0404) to rotate, and then a lead screw nut (0407) drives a lifting platform (0410) to move along the negative direction of a z axis, a spray head (07) moves along the negative direction of the z axis along a guide shaft (0405) along the lifting platform (0410) until a linear bearing (0406) contacts a z-direction limit switch (0411), the z-direction limit switch (0411) sends a trigger signal, the vertical driving motor (0401) stops working, and the z-direction position of the current spray head (04007) is recorded as the initial position of the z direction;
7) start first layer slice printing: the radial movement mechanism (06) synchronously operates according to the control signal, and simultaneously the rotary movement mechanism (02) moves the annular printing platform (05) according to the control signal, so that all groups of spray heads (07) move in the printing plane according to the same path, all spray heads (07) operate simultaneously, so that printing wires molten at high temperature are extruded from nozzles of the spray heads (07), the extruded materials are bonded on the annular printing platform (05), and a first layer of a plurality of groups of printing workpieces is formed;
8) after the single-layer printing is finished, the vertical movement mechanism (04) operates, each spray head (07) is lifted for a certain distance according to a control signal, the next layer of printing is carried out, and the extruded material is bonded on the first layer of printing material to form a second layer of a plurality of groups of printing workpieces;
9) and repeating the circulation until the whole workpiece is printed.
9. A single-piece composite material workpiece printing method based on a cylindrical coordinate type multi-nozzle 3D printer is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) inputting a three-dimensional model of a composite material workpiece into three-dimensional slicing software in advance, slicing the three-dimensional model in a layered manner, distributing different materials to different spray heads for printing according to the material distribution of the workpiece, and planning a printing path;
2) installing wires to be printed on the four groups of spray heads according to workpiece materials to be printed;
3) adjusting the leveling mechanism (03) to enable the upper surface of the upper annular printing platform (05) to be parallel to a platform where the plurality of groups of spray heads (07) are located;
4) heating the spray head (07) according to the printing setting until the printing wire is preheated to the set temperature;
5) checking an r axis: starting the radial movement mechanism (06), driving the first belt wheel (0604), the second belt wheel (0605) and the transmission belt (0603) to run by the radial driving motor (0601), and further driving each group of spray heads (07) to move towards the negative direction of the r axis along the extension arm (0602) until the spray heads (07) contact the r-direction limit switch (0606), sending trigger signals to the limit switch (0606) by the r, stopping the radial driving motor (0601), and recording the r-direction position of each current group of spray heads (07) as the initial position of the r direction;
6) and (3) checking the z axis: a vertical driving motor (0401) of a vertical movement mechanism (04) rotates to drive a lead screw (0404) to rotate, and then a lead screw nut (0407) drives a lifting platform (0410) to move along the negative direction of a z axis, a spray head (07) moves along the negative direction of the z axis along a guide shaft (0405) along the lifting platform (0410) until a linear bearing (0406) contacts a z-direction limit switch (0411), the z-direction limit switch (0411) sends a trigger signal, the vertical driving motor (0401) stops working, and the z-direction position of the current spray head (04007) is recorded as the initial position of the z direction;
7) start first layer slice printing: the radial movement mechanism (06) moves the single spray head (07) along the radial direction according to the control signal, the rest spray heads (07) are kept in a standby state, the rotary motion mechanism (02) moves the annular printing platform (05) according to the control signal, so that the current working spray head (07) moves according to the planned path in the printing plane, meanwhile, the spray head (07) operates to extrude the printing wire materials melted at high temperature from a nozzle of the spray head (07), the extruded materials are bonded on the annular printing platform (05), after the single-layer printing of the first material of the composite material workpiece is completed, the annular printing platform (05) moves by a certain angle according to the control signal, the printed part on the annular printing platform (05) is conveyed to the position below the corresponding spray head (07) of the second material to be printed continuously, and the spray heads (07) provided with different materials sequentially print the part corresponding to the first layer of the workpiece according to the planned printing path;
8) after the single-layer printing is finished, the vertical movement mechanism (04) operates to lift each spray head for a certain distance to print the next layer, and the extruded material is bonded on the printing material of the first layer to form a second layer of the printing workpiece;
9) the cycle is repeated until printing is completed.
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| CN202110649495.0A CN113290847A (en) | 2021-06-10 | 2021-06-10 | Cylindrical coordinate type multi-nozzle FDM3D printer and printing method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210824 |