CN113288536A

CN113288536A - Head and neck brake device after oral flap transplantation and wearing method

Info

Publication number: CN113288536A
Application number: CN202110399752.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘雪利; 翁小玲; 侯雅蓉; 张珍女; 谭婧宜; 刘菲菲
Original assignee: Stomatological Hospital Of Southern Medical University
Current assignee: Stomatological Hospital Of Southern Medical University
Priority date: 2021-04-14
Filing date: 2021-04-14
Publication date: 2021-08-24
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-14
Also published as: CN113288536B

Abstract

The invention discloses a head and neck brake device after an oral flap transplantation, which comprises a head restraint device, a neck restraint device and a brake connecting piece, wherein the head restraint device is connected with the neck restraint device through a brake connecting piece; the head restraint device is a head sleeve made of hard materials, the head sleeve is worn on the head of a patient and keeps rotating synchronously with the head of the patient, the neck restraint device is an annular neck guard made of hard materials, the neck restraint device is worn on the neck of the patient and keeps rotating synchronously with the neck of the patient, the width of the neck restraint device is larger than the length of the neck of the patient, the bottom end of the neck restraint device is abutted against the clavicle of the patient, and the top end of the neck restraint device is connected with the bottom end of the head restraint device through a braking connecting piece. The synchronous constraint effect of the head and the neck of the patient is realized by connecting and fixing the two restraint devices. Particularly, a positioner is added to connect and fix the head, neck and back of the patient. The patient can sit, stand or walk when wearing the brake device, complications caused by long-term bed rest are avoided, the nursing difficulty is reduced, and the patient can keep good mental state to accelerate recovery.

Description

Head and neck brake device after oral flap transplantation and wearing method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a head and neck brake device used after an oral flap transplantation and a wearing method.

Background

Oral cancer is one of the common head and neck tumors. Worldwide, oral and pharyngeal cancer occurs at a high rate, and is localized at the 6 th site of the malignant tumor of the whole body. After the oral malignant tumor resection, the facial morphology, swallowing, chewing and speech of the patient are affected to a certain extent. With the rapid development of flap surgery, the malignant tumor operation in the oral cavity is developed from the previous operation of simply removing the diseased tissue to the simultaneous repair and functional reconstruction of the defective tissue, so as to better recover the function and appearance of the patient and improve the life quality of the patient. Free skin flaps have been widely used at home and abroad and have become the main means for immediate restoration of postoperative defects of tumors.

Clinically, after the arteriovenous anastomosis operation of a free flap and an oral cavity, the head and the neck need to be kept relatively still for 4 to 5 days in order to prevent the rupture of an anastomotic orifice. At present, postoperative recovery treatment is mainly performed by leaving a patient in bed and fixing the head and neck. Because the patient lies in bed for a long time, the patient is very easy to generate complications such as lower limb venous thrombosis, pneumonia, constipation and the like, the rehabilitation progress of the patient is influenced, the hospitalization time of the patient is prolonged, and the hospitalization cost of the patient is increased. Meanwhile, the patient is extremely uncomfortable due to long-time bed rest, negative psychological mood is generated, and nursing difficulty and nursing workload are increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a head and neck braking device after an oral flap transplantation and a wearing method thereof, so that a patient can get out of bed to move when wearing the braking device after the operation, complications are reduced, a good mood is kept, and the nursing difficulty is reduced.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a head and neck brake device after an oral flap transplantation comprises a head restraint device, a neck restraint device and a brake connecting piece; the head restraint device is a head sleeve made of hard materials, the head sleeve is worn on the head of a patient and keeps rotating synchronously with the head of the patient, the neck restraint device is an annular neck guard made of hard materials, the neck restraint device is worn on the neck of the patient and keeps rotating synchronously with the neck of the patient, the width of the neck restraint device is larger than the length of the neck of the patient, the bottom end of the neck restraint device is abutted against the clavicle of the patient, and the top end of the neck restraint device is connected with the bottom end of the head restraint device through a braking connecting piece.

Through the scheme, the invention at least obtains the following technical effects:

the head of the patient is hooped by the head restraint device, the synchronous rotating effect of the head restraint device and the head of the patient is achieved, the neck of the patient is hooped by the neck restraint device, and the synchronous rotating effect of the neck restraint device and the neck of the patient is achieved. After the head restraint device and the neck restraint device are fixedly connected through the braking connecting piece, the relative static effect of the head restraint device and the neck restraint device can be realized, and the effect of keeping the head and the neck of a patient relatively static is further promoted. In addition, through the neck restraint ware of widening, make its bottom support in patient's clavicle department, can produce the effect of spacing support, further reduce patient's neck home range, more be favorable to patient's neck to keep quiescent condition for postoperative recovery speed. And the brake device is completely separated from the external fixing device, so that the patient can get out of bed to move when wearing the brake device, and complications caused by long-time lying are avoided. Can also automatically treat the metabolism problem and reduce the nursing workload. Meanwhile, the patient can keep good mental state and accelerate recovery by getting out of bed.

Preferably, the device also comprises a positioner, wherein the positioner consists of a positioning plate, two positioning rods and two straps; the both ends of two braces are fixed in the both sides of locating plate respectively, and the patient passes through the braces to be fixed in back department with the locating plate bearing, and two locating levers are parallel to each other and are fixed in the locating plate top side by side, and head restraint ware and neck restraint ware are connected with two locating levers through setting element and two locating levers respectively.

Preferably, the braking connecting piece is a snap fastener combination; the primary and secondary buckle combination is composed of a primary buckle and a secondary buckle, the bottom end of the head restraint device is provided with a plurality of secondary openings in a winding manner, the bottom end of the neck restraint device is provided with a plurality of secondary buckles in a winding manner, and the plurality of secondary buckles are buckled on the plurality of secondary openings in a one-to-one correspondence manner to connect and fix the head restraint device and the neck restraint device.

Preferably, the head restraint is provided with a facial opening to expose the face of the patient.

Preferably, ear openings are formed at both sides of the head restraint to expose the external ear of the patient.

Preferably, the head restraint device is provided with two oppositely-opened turnover parts corresponding to the back pillow part of the patient, and the two turnover parts are connected through a magic tape; the two ends of the neck restraint device are connected with the back neck of the patient through magic tapes.

Preferably, the inner layers of the head restraint device and the neck restraint device are both provided with a silica gel layer.

Preferably, the head restraint device is provided with a first through groove in the region corresponding to the chin of the patient, a first zipper is arranged on the silica gel layer in the first through groove, and the first through groove is controlled to be communicated with the inner cavity of the head restraint device through the first zipper; the neck restraint device is provided with a second through groove in the area corresponding to the two sides of the neck of the patient, the silicone layer in the second through groove is provided with a zipper, and the second through groove is controlled to be communicated with the inner cavity of the neck restraint device through the second zipper.

The invention also aims to provide a head and neck braking device after the oral flap transplantation and a wearing method thereof, so that a patient can get out of bed to move when wearing the braking device after the operation, complications are reduced, a good mood is kept, and the nursing difficulty is reduced.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a method for wearing a head and neck braking device after an oral flap transplantation adopts the head and neck braking device after the oral flap transplantation in the scheme, and implements the following method:

s1: sleeving the head restraint device on the head of the patient and fixing the head restraint device so that the head restraint device and the head of the patient keep synchronous rotation;

s2: the neck restraint device with proper width is selected to be enclosed on the neck of the patient, so that the neck restraint device and the neck of the patient keep synchronous rotation, and the bottom of the neck restraint device is ensured to be abutted against the clavicle of the patient to form a supporting and limiting effect;

s3: the top of the neck restraint device is fixedly connected with the bottom of the head restraint device through a braking connecting piece, so that the head restraint device and the neck restraint device are connected into a whole and are relatively static;

s4: the two arms of the patient pass through the two braces to carry the positioner on the back, and the two positioning rods are positioned at the back neck and the back occiput of the patient;

s5: the head restraint device and the neck restraint device are respectively connected and fixed on the two positioning rods through the positioning piece.

S6: the wearing of the head and neck brake is completed.

the head and the neck of patient are fixed respectively through head restraint ware and neck restraint ware earlier, and head restraint ware and neck restraint ware can realize preliminary braking effect through the fixed back of braking connecting piece, restriction patient's neck's action. And then a positioner is arranged on the back of the patient, two parallel positioning rods extend to the brain of the patient, and then the head restraint device and the neck restraint device are fixed on the two positioning rods. The head and neck of the patient are connected with the shoulder and back of the patient, so that the head and neck of the patient are restrained by the two positioning rods and cannot rotate completely.

Preferably, the head restraint and the neck restraint are partially cut to form openings for facilitating the insertion of medical lines.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the head and the neck of the patient are fixed by the head restraint device and the neck restraint device respectively, and then the synchronous constraint effect of the head and the neck of the patient is realized by connecting and fixing the two restraint devices. Particularly, a positioner fixed on the back of the patient is added, so that the head, the neck and the back of the patient are connected and fixed. The patient can be seated, stood or walked when wearing the brake device by constraining the movement of the head and the neck of the patient from multiple directions, thereby avoiding complications caused by long-term bed rest, reducing the nursing difficulty and keeping the good mental state of the patient for accelerated rehabilitation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a side view of a whipstock provided in an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a rear view of a whipstock according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a head and neck brake assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a head and neck braking device provided with a first through groove and a second through groove in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a side view of a whipstock with a locator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a rear view of a whipstock with a locator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the wearing of the whipstock with the positioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Legend:

1 a head restraint; 2 a neck restraint; 3, braking the connecting piece; 4, a locator; 5, magic tape;

11 face opening; 12 ear openings; 13 a folded part; 14 a first through slot; 15 a first zipper;

21 a second through groove; 22 a second zipper;

31, buckling; 32, a female buckle;

41, positioning a plate; 42 positioning the rod; 43 strap; 44 positioning elements.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the present embodiment provides a head and neck braking device after an oral flap transplantation, which comprises a head restraint 1, a neck restraint 2 and a braking connector 3. The head of the patient is tightened by the head restraint device 1, the synchronous rotating effect of the head restraint device 1 and the head of the patient is realized, the neck of the patient is tightened by the neck restraint device 2, and the synchronous rotating effect of the neck restraint device 2 and the neck of the patient is realized. After the head restraint device 1 and the neck restraint device 2 are fixedly connected through the braking connecting piece 3, the relative static effect of the head restraint device 1 and the neck restraint device 2 can be realized, and the effect of keeping the head and the neck of a patient relatively static can be further facilitated. Through the neck restraint ware 2 of widening, make its bottom support in patient's clavicle department, can produce the effect of spacing support, further reduce patient's neck home range, more be favorable to patient's neck to keep quiescent condition for postoperative recovery speed. The brake does not need external instrument support, and the patient can walk out of the bed when wearing the brake.

Head restraint ware 1 is the headgear form, and the outside adopts hard material to make the skeleton and realizes the effect of restraining, can select to make the keel structure of fretwork with hard plastic, steel, timber etc. has sufficient structural strength in order to restrict the rotation of head. And cover the silica gel layer in inside, the affinity of silica gel material to human skin is higher difficult for arousing patient's skin allergy symptom, and the comfort level is higher, alleviates the uncomfortable sense of patient when wearing. Meanwhile, the silica gel layer can be filled in the gap to enhance the restraint effect and reduce the local compression effect of the head restraint device 1 on the head of the patient.

As shown in fig. 2, the head restraint 1 is provided with two folded portions 13 opposite to each other at the back of the patient, and the opening formed by opening the two folded portions 13 is communicated with the opening at the bottom of the head restraint 1 corresponding to the neck of the patient, so as to form a passage for the head of the patient to enter and exit. The head of the patient can extend into the head restraint 1 from the opening for wearing. After the head restraint device 1 is adjusted to the comfortable state of the patient, the two turning parts 13 are closed and are adhered and sealed by the magic tape 5, the tightness degree of the head restraint device 1 is adjusted by the adhering position of the magic tape 5, and the head restraint device 1 can be worn.

As shown in fig. 1, the head restraint 1 is provided with a face opening 11 at a position corresponding to the face of the patient, so that the entire face of the patient can be exposed without affecting the visual field, respiration, speech communication, and diet when the brake is worn.

As shown in fig. 1, the head restraint 1 is provided with ear openings 12 at positions corresponding to both ears of the patient, so that the external ear part of the patient is exposed and the external ear contour is prevented from being pressed for a long time and damaged. According to the treatment condition and the facial contour of the patient, the ear opening 12 can be closed by a medical elastic bandage, so that the restraint effect of the head restraint 1 is enhanced.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the neck restraint device 2 is an annular neck guard formed by joining and enclosing two ends, the exterior of the neck restraint device is also made of hard materials to form a skeleton to realize the restraint effect, and the neck restraint device can be made of hard plastics, steel materials, wood and the like to form a hollow keel structure and has enough structural strength to limit the rotation of the head and the neck. And the silica gel layer is covered in the inner part to reduce the uncomfortable feeling of the patient when the patient wears, the filling gap enhances the restraint effect and reduces the local compression effect of the neck restraint device 2 on the neck of the patient.

As shown in fig. 3 and 7, the braking connector 3 is a combination of snap buttons 32, and can be replaced by a connection mode such as a magic tape 5, a zipper, and sewing with needle and thread. Can ensure the stable connection of the head restraint device 1 and the neck restraint device 2 and is convenient for assembly/disassembly. In this embodiment, taking the combination of snap fasteners 32 as an example, the combination of snap fasteners 32 is composed of a male fastener 31 and a female fastener 32, six male fasteners 31 are fixedly installed around the edge of the bottom opening of the head restraint 1, six female fasteners 32 are installed at corresponding positions on the top end of the neck restraint 2, after the head restraint 1 and the neck restraint 2 are worn, the female fasteners 32 are correspondingly fastened to the male fasteners 31 one by one, so as to complete the connection and fixation of the head restraint 1 and the neck restraint 2, and the head and the neck of the patient keep relatively still.

It is worth mentioning that, as shown in fig. 4, in the process of postoperative recovery, various medical pipelines are often arranged to be connected with the neck or chin of the patient due to different conditions of the patient, and therefore, a window is reserved at the insertion position of the medical pipeline which is commonly used by the brake. A first through groove 14 is formed in the position, corresponding to the chin of a patient, of the head restraint device 1, a gap is cut on a silica gel layer exposed in the first through groove 14, a first zipper 15 is installed, and whether the first through groove 14 is communicated with the inside of the head restraint device 1 or not is controlled through opening and closing of the first zipper 15. The neck restraint device 2 is provided with a second through groove 21 corresponding to the positions of the necks of two sides of a patient, a gap is cut on the silica gel layer exposed in the second through groove 21, a second zipper 22 is installed, and the second through groove 21 is controlled to be communicated with the inside of the restraint device through the second zipper 22. Thus, when the medical pipeline needs to be threaded, only the first zipper 15 and the second zipper 22 need to be operated, and the operation steps are simplified.

Example 2:

in the embodiment, on the basis of the embodiment 1, the positioner 4 is added, the head, the neck and the back of the patient are connected, and the constraint effect on the head and the neck of the patient is enhanced by the back-based positioner 4. The patient can better keep the relative static effect of the head and the neck in the process of getting off the bed to move, and the postoperative recovery is prevented from being influenced.

As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the positioner 4 is composed of a positioning plate 41, two positioning rods 42 and two straps 43; two ends of the two straps 43 are fixed on two sides of the positioning plate 41 respectively, the patient carries the positioning plate 41 on the back through the straps 43 to fix, the two positioning rods 42 are parallel to each other and fixed on the top of the positioning plate 41 in parallel, and the head restraint device 1 and the neck restraint device 2 are connected with the two positioning rods 42 through the positioning pieces 44 respectively. The patient's arms are passed through the two straps 43 and the positioning plate 41 is carried behind the body in the manner of a schoolbag. And is firmly connected with the neck restraint device 2 and the head restraint device 1 through two positioning rods 42 fixed on the positioning plate 41. The positioning member 44 may be a clamp, a bolt, a threaded sleeve, or any other structure that is easy to operate and has a good fixing effect.

Example 3:

the embodiment provides a method for wearing a head and neck brake after an oral flap transplantation based on embodiment 2, and as shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the method comprises the following implementation steps:

the method comprises the following steps: the magic subsides 5 of pillow portion are torn and are opened two and turn over a 13 with head restraint ware 1 back, and patient's head stretches into wherein, and facial correspondence face opening 11, two outer auricles stretch out from both sides ear opening 12, and the back is accomplished in the adjustment, will turn over two and turn over a 13 upset and close and laminate magic subsides 5, and the tight dynamics of cramp of ware 1 is restrained to the pasting position adjustment head that pastes 5 through the magic, ensure that patient's head can't shift in head restraint ware 1.

Step two: according to the length of patient's neck, select the neck restraint 2 of suitable width, enclose close with patient's neck, support the bottom of neck restraint 2 in collar bone department, both ends are around 5 laminating of magic subsides with back neck department, and the tightness dynamics of 2 is restrained to the stick position adjustment neck through 5 magic subsides equally, ensure that patient's neck can't shift in 2 in the neck restraint.

Step three: the female buckles 32 at the top of the neck restraint device 2 are correspondingly buckled with the male buckles 31 at the bottom of the head restraint device 1 one by one, so that the joint limiting of the head and the neck of the patient is completed, and the head and the neck of the patient keep relatively still.

Step four: the patient inserts both arms into the two straps 43 of the positioner 4, and the two straps 43 are lifted to the shoulder positioning plates 41 to be fixed on the back. The two positioning rods 42 stand on the hindbrain of the patient, and the two positioning rods 42 are synchronous with the shoulder and the back of the patient.

Step five: the four positioning members 44 are respectively fixed on the head restraint device 1 and the neck restraint device 2 in a group of two by two, and the other ends of the four positioning members 44 are fixed on the two positioning rods 42 in a group of two by two. The head restraint 1 and the neck restraint 2 are respectively fixedly connected with two positioning rods 42.

Step six: the wearing of the head and neck brake is completed.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment 1, if the insertion position of the medical line is not reserved in advance in the brake apparatus, or there is an error between the position where the medical line needs to be inserted and the positions of the first through groove 14 and the second through groove 21, the head restraint device 1 and the neck restraint device 2 may be temporarily provided with the slots by cutting to lay the medical line.

The incision site of the operation varies depending on the symptoms of the patients. Often a sutured wound is left behind on the patient's cheekboo face, chin, or neck after surgery. In order to avoid the brake device covering the wound to influence the recovery speed, the head restraint device 1 or the neck restraint device 2 can be cut, the groove is cut corresponding to the position of the wound, and the wound is exposed to keep ventilation and dryness.

Various technical features in the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined as long as there is no conflict or contradiction in the combination between the features, but is limited to the space and is not described one by one.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes and modifications of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the claims and the equivalent technology of the present invention if they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a neck brake utensil after oral cavity skin flap is transplanted which characterized in that: comprises a head restraint device, a neck restraint device and a braking connecting piece; the head restraint device is a head sleeve made of hard materials, the head sleeve is worn on the head of a patient and keeps rotating synchronously with the head of the patient, the neck restraint device is an annular neck guard made of hard materials, the neck restraint device is worn on the neck of the patient and keeps rotating synchronously with the neck of the patient, the width of the neck restraint device is larger than the length of the neck of the patient, the bottom end of the neck restraint device is abutted against the clavicle of the patient, and the top end of the neck restraint device is connected with the bottom end of the head restraint device through a braking connecting piece.

2. The head and neck braking device after oral flap transplantation as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a positioner, wherein the positioner is composed of a positioning plate, two positioning rods and two straps; the both ends of two braces are fixed in the both sides of locating plate respectively, and the patient passes through the braces to be fixed in back department with the locating plate bearing, and two locating levers are parallel to each other and are fixed in the locating plate top side by side, and head restraint ware and neck restraint ware are connected with two locating levers through setting element and two locating levers respectively.

3. The head and neck brake device after oral flap transplantation as claimed in claim 2, wherein said brake connector is a snap fastener combination; the primary and secondary buckle combination is composed of a primary buckle and a secondary buckle, the bottom end of the head restraint device is provided with a plurality of secondary openings in a winding manner, the bottom end of the neck restraint device is provided with a plurality of secondary buckles in a winding manner, and the plurality of secondary buckles are buckled on the plurality of secondary openings in a one-to-one correspondence manner to connect and fix the head restraint device and the neck restraint device.

4. The head and neck brake device after oral flap transplantation as claimed in claim 2, wherein said head restraint is provided with a facial opening to expose the patient's face.

5. The head and neck braking device after oral flap transplantation as claimed in claim 2, wherein the head restraint has ear openings on both sides to expose the external ear of the patient.

6. The head and neck brake device after the oral flap transplantation as claimed in claim 2, wherein the head restraint device is provided with two folded portions which are oppositely opened corresponding to the back occiput of the patient, and the two folded portions are connected by a magic tape; the two ends of the neck restraint device are connected with the back neck of the patient through magic tapes.

7. The head and neck brake device after oral flap transplantation as claimed in claim 2, wherein the inner layers of the head restraint and the neck restraint are provided with silica gel layers.

8. The head and neck brake after oral flap transplantation as claimed in claim 7, wherein the head restraint is provided with a first through slot in a region corresponding to the chin of the patient, and a first zipper is provided on the silica gel layer in the first through slot, and the first through slot is controlled to communicate with the inner cavity of the head restraint by the first zipper; the neck restraint device is provided with a second through groove in the area corresponding to the two sides of the neck of the patient, the silicone layer in the second through groove is provided with a zipper, and the second through groove is controlled to be communicated with the inner cavity of the neck restraint device through the second zipper.

9. A method for wearing a head and neck braking device after an oral flap transplantation, which adopts the head and neck braking device after the oral flap transplantation of any one of claims 2 to 8, and is characterized by implementing the following method:

S6: the wearing of the head and neck brake is completed.

10. The method for wearing a head and neck brake after oral flap transplantation as claimed in claim 9, wherein the head restraint and the neck restraint are partially cut to form openings for passing medical lines.