CN113285619A - Three-port modular multilevel converter based on full-bridge submodule and modulation method - Google Patents
Three-port modular multilevel converter based on full-bridge submodule and modulation method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
- H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
- H02M7/53875—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current with analogue control of three-phase output
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Abstract
The invention provides a three-port modular multilevel converter based on a full-bridge submodule and a modulation method, wherein the modulation method comprises the following steps: a plurality of phase units connected in parallel; each of the phase units includes a plurality of bridge arms connected in series, each of the bridge arms including: the bridge comprises a full-bridge submodule and a bridge arm inductor, wherein the full-bridge submodule is connected with the bridge arm in series. The topology provided by the invention can meet the effective interconnection between alternating current and direct current power grids with the same voltage level. The topology proposed by the invention has two control modes according to different choices of balanced ports. The invention provides an improved nearest level approximation modulation method which can reduce the switching frequency and is suitable for medium and high voltage level scene application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of high-voltage power transmission and the field of design and control of power electronic converters, in particular to a three-port modular multilevel converter based on a full-bridge submodule and a modulation method.
Background
With the development of power electronic technology, a direct-current transmission network and a direct-current distribution network will occupy important positions in a future power grid, and an alternating-current and direct-current hybrid power grid becomes an important form of the future power grid. A high-voltage converter with multiple AC/DC ports is an important electric energy conversion device of an AC/DC hybrid power grid.
At present, the multi-port high-voltage converter mainly has the following schemes: two-port converters are cascaded; a polygonal topology; and (3) modular multilevel converter bridge arm expansion.
Two basic two-port converters are generally used in two-port converter cascades, and are respectively modularized multi-level converters to realize DC-AC conversion; the double-active full bridge containing the high-frequency transformer realizes DC-DC conversion through input parallel output and input series output parallel connection. By cascading the two basic two-port converters, more output ports can be constructed. A typical scheme is shown in fig. 1 and 2. However, the scheme needs to use a large number of switching devices, and is high in cost; the power grade is changed more, and the efficiency is lower.
The polygonal topology is represented by a hexagon, bridge arms formed by connecting sub-modules in series are connected end to form a hexagonal structure, and bridge arm connection points are led out to form two groups of three-phase alternating-current output ports, wherein a typical scheme is shown in fig. 3. If a nine-sided topology is used, three sets of three-phase ac output ports can be constructed. The scheme has the advantages of higher control difficulty, lower operation reliability and lack of a direct current port.
If the direct current sides of the modular multilevel circuits are connected in series, a multi-direct current port converter with an auto-coupling structure can be constructed, and a typical scheme is shown in fig. 4. However, this solution lacks an ac port that can be independently controlled.
In addition, the extension of the bridge arm of the conventional modular multilevel circuit is a feasible design idea of the multi-port circuit, and a typical scheme of the design idea is shown in fig. 5. However, in the existing bridge arm extension scheme, the bridge arm extension structure is not uniform, so that both a mathematical model and a control design are complex.
In summary, the existing high-voltage multi-port converter has the defects of complex topological structure and high control difficulty.
The literature "forest satellite, wenjinyu, cheng jie.multiport dc autotransformer, china electromechanics, 2015, 35 (03): 727-734. However, the topology proposed in this document only includes dc ports of different voltage levels, and cannot provide a variety of ac ports. In contrast, the topology proposed by the present invention has 1 dc and 2 ac ports of equal voltage level.
The literature "zhangbo, dundongyuan, hardness of payment, topology construction and analysis of a novel multi-terminal high-voltage converter, the science of power supply, 2015, 13 (006): 69-76 "propose a family of multi-port high-voltage converter topologies based on leg expansion. However, the proposed topologies all use half-bridge sub-modules, resulting in a multiple relationship between the dc voltage and the output ac voltage; the middle bridge arm does not use bridge arm inductance, so that a mathematical model is more complex; high voltage applications are difficult to achieve using carrier phase shift modulation. Compared with the prior art, each bridge arm of the invention adopts a full-bridge submodule, the rated voltage of the AC/DC port is in the same level, and the DC port can be continuously adjusted; each bridge arm uses a unified structure of a submodule and bridge arm inductance, so that control design is facilitated; the nearest level approximation modulation method suitable for the topology is provided and is suitable for high-voltage scenes.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a three-port modular multilevel converter based on a full-bridge submodule and a modulation method.
According to the invention, the three-port modular multilevel converter based on the full-bridge submodule comprises: a plurality of phase units connected in parallel;
each of the phase units includes a plurality of bridge arms connected in series, each of the bridge arms including: the bridge comprises a full-bridge submodule and a bridge arm inductor, wherein the full-bridge submodule is connected with the bridge arm in series.
Preferably, the number of the phase units is three, so that a three-phase converter is formed.
Preferably, each of the phase units comprises three arms connected in series.
Preferably, connection points between two adjacent bridge arms are respectively led out to serve as alternating current ports.
Preferably, two parallel points of a plurality of parallel phase units are led out as direct current ports.
According to the modulation method of the three-port modular multilevel converter based on the full-bridge submodule, the three-port modular multilevel converter based on the full-bridge submodule is adopted;
selecting the direct current port as a balance port, and controlling the alternating current port to output a specified voltage;
selecting one of the alternating current ports as a balance port, controlling the other alternating current ports to output specified voltage, and controlling the voltage of the direct current voltage to be + VDCNand-VDCNIn which V isDCNIs rated dc voltage.
Preferably, the full-bridge submodule comprises three working states of positive input, negative input and cut-off.
Preferably, when the alternating current port is selected as the balance port, the value range of the voltage instruction of the direct current port is + VDCN～-VDCNWherein V isDCNIs rated dc voltage.
Preferably, the number of full-bridge submodules and the working state of the full-bridge submodules put into each bridge arm are obtained through the bridge arm command voltage.
Preferably, the method of controlling the output of the designated voltage includes:
step 1: starting a period, when the number N of full-bridge submodules needing to be input by a bridge arm is calculated, and N is greater than 0, turning to the step 2; otherwise go to step 5;
step 2: when the current i flowing through the bridge arm is greater than 0, turning to the step 4; otherwise, turning to the step 3;
and step 3: selecting N full-bridge submodules with the highest voltage of the full-bridge submodules in the bridge arm, and setting the working state in the switching period as positive input; cutting off the residual full-bridge submodules, and turning to the step 8;
and 4, step 4: selecting N sub-modules with the lowest voltage of the full-bridge sub-modules in the bridge arm domain, and setting the working state in the switching period as positive input; setting the rest submodules to be cut off, and turning to the step 8;
and 5: when i is greater than 0, go to step 7; otherwise go to step 6;
step 6: selecting-N submodules with the lowest voltage of the full-bridge submodules in the bridge arm, and setting the working state in the switching period as negative input; setting the rest submodules to be cut off, and turning to the step 8;
and 7: selecting-N submodules with the highest voltage of the full-bridge submodules in the bridge arm, and setting the working state in the switching period as negative input; setting the rest submodules to be cut off, and turning to the step 8;
and 8: and (5) finishing the setting of the working state of the full-bridge submodule, and jumping to the step 1 after the period is finished.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the topology provided by the invention can meet the effective interconnection between alternating current and direct current power grids with the same voltage level.
The topology proposed by the invention has two control modes according to different choices of balanced ports. The DC port is selected as a balance port, and the voltages of the two AC ports can be accurately controlled; the voltage of a certain alternating current port is selected as a balance port, and the voltage of a direct current port can be in + VDCNand-VDCNThe voltage of the other alternating current port can be accurately controlled.
The invention provides an improved nearest level approximation modulation method which can reduce the switching frequency and is suitable for medium and high voltage level scene application.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a modular multilevel converter;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dual active full bridge configuration;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a hexagonal structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a self-coupled structure;
FIG. 5 is a bridge arm expanded converter;
FIG. 6 is a schematic of the topology of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the working state of the full-bridge submodule;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the output voltage of an AC port according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the output voltage of another AC port according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 shows waveforms of dc-side output when the dc port voltage command of the application example of the present invention is changed.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The improved three-port modular multilevel converter topology based on the full-bridge submodule is shown in fig. 6. In fig. 6, the full-bridge submodules are connected in series, and then connected in series with the bridge arm inductors to form 1 bridge arm; 3 bridge arms are connected in series to form 1 phase unit; the 3 phase units are connected in parallel to form a three-phase current transformer. The topology is 9 bridge arms in total, and the bridge arms are respectively marked as XA, YA, ZA, XB, YB, ZB, XC, YC and ZC. The parallel point of each phase unit is P, N, and the lead-out is used as a DC port PN; in each phase unit, the connection points between the bridge arms are respectively marked as A1/A2、B1/B2、C1/C2And output ports A of an alternating current port 1 and an alternating current port 2 are led out1B1C1And A2B2C2。
The proposed converter has two basic operating modes depending on the selected balancing port:
when the selected direct current port is the balance port, the two alternating current ports can be controlled to output appointed voltages respectively;
secondly, when one AC port is selected as the balance port, the other AC port can be controlled to output the specified voltage, andcontrolling the DC voltage to be + VDCand-VDCContinuously adjusting the temperature.
When the selected dc port is the balanced port, it may be determined that the voltage of the dc voltage source connected to the dc port is VDC. Respectively giving voltage commands of two alternating current ports as
And
the command voltage v of each bridge arm can be obtained by calculationX、vY、vZ。
When a certain ac port is selected as a balanced port, it is not assumed that ac port 1 is a balanced port. The voltage of the AC voltage source connected with the AC port can be determined to be vAC1. Respectively give voltage commands of a direct current port and another alternating current port as
And
the command voltage v of each bridge arm can be obtained by calculationX、vY、vZ。
It should be noted that, when the ac port is selected as the balanced port, the value range of the dc port voltage command is + VDCN～-VDCN. Wherein, VDCNIs rated dc voltage.
The number of submodules and the mode of the submodules which are put into each bridge arm can be obtained through the bridge arm command voltage.
The number of submodules to be put into each bridge arm is obtained by the following formula.
The full-bridge submodule is provided with 3 working states of positive input, negative input and cutting-off, and the states of the switches of the submodule in each state are shown in figure 7.
Hereinafter, the number of submodules to be put into the bridge arm is denoted as N, the current flowing through the bridge arm is denoted as i, and the bridge arms at different positions are not distinguished. And determining the working mode of each submodule in the bridge arm in the following mode by combining the input quantity of the submodules of each bridge arm and the current direction of the bridge arm.
Step 1: and (5) starting a period, and calculating the number N of the submodules required to be input by the bridge arm. When N is greater than 0, turning to the step 2; otherwise go to step 5.
Step 2: when i is greater than 0, go to step 4; otherwise go to step 3.
And step 3: selecting N sub-modules with the highest sub-module voltage in the bridge arm, and setting the working state of the sub-modules in the switching period as positive input; the remaining submodules are set to be cut off. Go to step 8.
And 4, step 4: selecting N sub-modules with the lowest sub-module voltage in the bridge arm domain, and setting the working state of the sub-modules in the switching period as positive input; the remaining submodules are set to be cut off. Go to step 8.
And 5: when i is greater than 0, go to step 7; otherwise go to step 6.
Step 6: selecting N sub-modules with the lowest sub-module voltage in the bridge arm, and setting the working state of the sub-modules in the switching period as negative input; the remaining submodules are set to be cut off. Go to step 8.
And 7: selecting-N submodules with the highest voltage of the submodules in the bridge arm, and setting the working state of the submodules in the switching period as negative input; the remaining submodules are set to be cut off. Go to step 8.
And 8: and (5) finishing setting the working state of the sub-module, and jumping to the step 1 after the period is finished.
Through the modulation strategy, each port can output a specified voltage.
Examples of implementation:
a three-terminal modular multilevel converter as shown in fig. 8 was built. The DC side power voltage is 80kV, the AC side connected power grid line voltage is 40kV, the inductance is 20mH and 30mH respectively, and the phase difference of the two port voltages is 90 degrees. The load size was 50 Ω, 1 mH. Each modular multilevel bridge arm of the converter has 40 sub-modules, namely N is 40.
When the dc port is used as the balanced port, the two ac side output voltages are as shown in fig. 9 and 10. As can be seen from the figure, the output waveform of the alternating current side is a sinusoidal step wave which changes according to the reference voltage rule, and the simulation output result is consistent with the theoretical result.
When the dc-side load has the ac port as the balanced port, the dc voltage variation can be controlled, and the dc port voltage and current are as shown in fig. 11. As can be seen from the figure, the direct current voltage can be continuously changed between +80kV and-80 kV, and the simulation output result is consistent with the theoretical result.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a three-terminal modularization multi-level converter based on full-bridge submodule piece which characterized in that includes: a plurality of phase units connected in parallel;
each of the phase units includes a plurality of bridge arms connected in series, each of the bridge arms including: the bridge comprises a full-bridge submodule and a bridge arm inductor, wherein the full-bridge submodule is connected with the bridge arm in series.
2. The full-bridge sub-module based three-port modular multilevel converter according to claim 1, wherein the number of the phase cells is three, constituting a three-phase converter.
3. The full-bridge sub-module based three-port modular multilevel converter according to claim 2, wherein each of the phase cells comprises three bridge legs connected in series.
4. The three-port modular multilevel converter based on the full-bridge submodule according to claim 1, wherein connection points between two adjacent bridge arms are respectively led out as alternating current ports.
5. The full-bridge sub-module based three-port modular multilevel converter according to claim 1, wherein two parallel points of a plurality of parallel phase cells are led out as dc ports.
6. A modulation method of a three-terminal modular multilevel converter based on a full-bridge submodule is characterized in that the three-terminal modular multilevel converter based on the full-bridge submodule of any one of claims 1 to 5 is adopted;
selecting the direct current port as a balance port, and controlling the alternating current port to output a specified voltage;
selecting one of the alternating current ports as a balance port, controlling the other alternating current ports to output specified voltage, and controlling the voltage of the direct current voltage to be + VDCNand-VDCNIn which V isDCNIs rated dc voltage.
7. The modulation method of the three-port modular multilevel converter based on the full-bridge sub-module according to claim 6, wherein the full-bridge sub-module comprises three operation states of positive input, negative input and cut-off.
8. The modulation method of the three-port modular multilevel converter based on the full-bridge submodule according to claim 6, wherein when the AC port is selected as the balanced port, the value range of the DC port voltage command is + VDCN～-VDCNWherein V isDCNIs rated dc voltage.
9. The modulation method of the three-port modular multilevel converter based on the full-bridge submodule according to claim 6, wherein the number of the full-bridge submodule and the operating state of the full-bridge submodule which are put into each bridge arm are obtained through the bridge arm command voltage.
10. The modulation method of the full-bridge submodule-based three-port modular multilevel converter according to claim 6, wherein the method of controlling the output of the designated voltage comprises:
step 1: starting a period, when the number N of full-bridge submodules needing to be input by a bridge arm is calculated, and N is greater than 0, turning to the step 2; otherwise go to step 5;
step 2: when the current i flowing through the bridge arm is greater than 0, turning to the step 4; otherwise, turning to the step 3;
and step 3: selecting N full-bridge submodules with the highest voltage of the full-bridge submodules in the bridge arm, and setting the working state in the switching period as positive input; cutting off the residual full-bridge submodules, and turning to the step 8;
and 4, step 4: selecting N sub-modules with the lowest voltage of the full-bridge sub-modules in the bridge arm domain, and setting the working state in the switching period as positive input; setting the rest submodules to be cut off, and turning to the step 8;
and 5: when i is greater than 0, go to step 7; otherwise go to step 6;
step 6: selecting-N submodules with the lowest voltage of the full-bridge submodules in the bridge arm, and setting the working state in the switching period as negative input; setting the rest submodules to be cut off, and turning to the step 8;
and 7: selecting-N submodules with the highest voltage of the full-bridge submodules in the bridge arm, and setting the working state in the switching period as negative input; setting the rest submodules to be cut off, and turning to the step 8;
and 8: and (5) finishing the setting of the working state of the full-bridge submodule, and jumping to the step 1 after the period is finished.
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Application publication date: 20210820 |