CN113280935B - Ferrite phase shifter magnetic core temperature detection device and detection method - Google Patents
Ferrite phase shifter magnetic core temperature detection device and detection method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ferrite phase shifter magnetic core temperature detection device and a detection method, wherein the temperature detection device comprises a ferrite with an excitation coil, a ferrite drive circuit, a comparator circuit and a controller; the ferrite drive circuit is used for changing the direction of the exciting current in the ferrite and sampling the exciting current to output a sampling voltage Vs; the comparator circuit is used for setting two reference voltages to be compared with the sampling voltage, and outputting a comparison result to be processed by the controller. The invention provides a new temperature detection method, which solves the problems of difficult acquisition of the temperature of a magnetic core of a ferrite phase shifter and temperature compensation of the magnetic core; the ferrite only needs one exciting coil, so that compared with double-coil excitation, the structure of the device and an exciting circuit are simplified, and the reliability is improved; real-time monitoring with response speed of microsecond level; the temperature compensation device can be widely applied to the detection and compensation of the magnetic core temperature of products such as microwave ferrite switches, microwave ferrite phase shifters and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of microwave devices, in particular to a ferrite phase shifter magnetic core temperature detection device and a detection method.
Background
The hysteresis loop of ferrite material will change with the temperature, so the phase shifter made of ferrite has certain temperature characteristics, which will cause the change of microwave index when the temperature changes, and will affect the normal operation of the whole system when the temperature changes seriously. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the temperature characteristics of the ferrite phase shifter and to find a solution to improve the temperature stability of the phase shifter. In order to be able to compensate the temperature of the ferrite phase shifter, the temperature of the ferrite core needs to be accurately acquired in the first step.
Conventional temperature compensation schemes are: 1. embedding a temperature sensor near the ferrite core; the disadvantages are that: the embedded position of the temperature sensor is away from the ferrite magnetic core by a certain distance, so that the temperature of the magnetic core cannot be accurately acquired, and only local temperature can be acquired; embedding the temperature sensor requires additional hardware, adding complexity to the circuitry and structure. 2. The magnetic flux feedback compensation is carried out by detecting the change of the magnetic flux along with the temperature; the disadvantages are that: the ferrite needs to penetrate through double coils, namely an excitation coil and a magnetic flux feedback coil, so that the complexity of the product structure is increased, and the performance index of the product is reduced; the magnetic flux needs to be integrated in the circuit, so that the complexity of the circuit is increased, and the time delay is serious.
The traditional temperature compensation scheme has various problems, so a new method which has a simple structure, can solve the problem of difficult temperature acquisition of the ferrite core and solves the problem of temperature compensation of the ferrite phase shifter core is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems, does not need to embed a temperature sensor, adopts a ferrite single coil excitation mode, has a simplified product structure, a simple excitation circuit, microsecond-level response speed and nanosecond-level delay time, and can accurately acquire the temperature of the ferrite core.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a ferrite phase shifter core temperature detection device comprises a ferrite with an excitation coil, a ferrite drive circuit, a comparator circuit and a controller;
the ferrite driving circuit is used for changing the direction of exciting current in the ferrite and sampling the exciting current to output sampling voltage Vs; the excitation current comprises a set current and a reset current, and the current directions of the set current and the reset current are opposite;
the sampling voltage Vs increases with the increase of the exciting current, and reaches a maximum value Vsmax when the ferrite is excited to the maximum residual magnetic flux;
the comparator circuit comprises an input end, a first output end FB1 and a second output end FB2, the input end is connected with a sampling voltage Vs, a first reference voltage Vref1 and a second reference voltage Vref2 are set, Vref1 and Vref2 are respectively compared with Vs, wherein Vsmax > Vref2 > Vref 1;
if Vs is less than Vref1, FB1 outputs low level, and if Vs is more than or equal to Vref1, FB1 outputs high level;
if Vs is less than Vref2, FB2 outputs low level, and if Vs is more than or equal to Vref2, FB2 outputs high level;
the controller is used for acquiring and storing the time difference of the rising edges of the FB1 and the FB 2.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the ferrite driving circuit comprises a driving power supply and an H-bridge circuit;
the H-bridge circuit comprises an N-MOSFET Q1, an N-MOSFET Q2, an N-MOSFET Q3 and an N-MOSFET Q4, the D poles of Q1 and Q2 are connected with a driving power supply, the S pole of Q1 is connected with the D pole of Q3, the S pole of Q2 is connected with the D pole of Q4, and the S poles of Q3 and Q4 are grounded through a sampling resistor R6;
one end of the ferrite is connected between the S pole of Q1 and the D pole of Q3, and the other end of the ferrite is connected between the S pole of Q2 and the D pole of Q4;
the driving power supply is grounded through an energy storage filter capacitor.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the comparator circuit comprises a first voltage comparator U1, a second voltage comparator U2 and a direct current voltage source, wherein the direct current voltage source is grounded through resistors R1, R3 and R5 which are connected in series in sequence;
the circuit is characterized in that two paths are divided between R1 and R3, one path outputs Vref2 to the reverse input end of U1, the other path is grounded through a filter capacitor C3, the forward input end of U1 is connected with a sampling voltage Vs, and the output end is a second output end FB2 of the comparator circuit;
the output end of the comparator circuit is a first output end FB1 of the comparator circuit, and the positive input end of the U2 is connected with the sampling voltage Vs.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the controller is a high-speed FPGA, and the high-speed FPGA is connected with a flash memory and is used for storing temperature calibration data.
A detection method of a ferrite phase shifter magnetic core temperature detection device comprises the following steps;
(1) constructing a ferrite phase shifter magnetic core temperature detection device;
(2) calibrating the temperature of the ferrite core material;
(21) placing ferrite with an excitation coil and a ferrite driving circuit in a high-low temperature box, setting a temperature interval TA-TB, wherein n temperatures are selected and marked as T1-Tn from small to large;
(22) setting the temperature of the high-low temperature box to be T1, firstly carrying out reset current excitation, exciting the ferrite to saturation, and then carrying out set current excitation to obtain the time difference delta T1 of rising edges of FB1 and FB2 at the temperature of T1;
(23) setting the temperature of a high-low temperature box as T2-Tn in sequence to obtain the time difference delta T2-delta Tn of rising edges of FB1 and FB2 at the temperature of T2-Tn, and storing the time difference delta T1-delta Tn corresponding to T1-Tn to obtain temperature calibration data corresponding to the ferrite magnetic core material;
(3) detecting the temperature of a ferrite core of the phase shifter;
(31) selecting a ferrite core material subjected to temperature calibration to manufacture a magnetic core of the phase shifter;
(32) and firstly carrying out reset current excitation, exciting the ferrite to saturation, then carrying out set current excitation, obtaining the time difference delta t of the rising edges of the FB1 and the FB2 by the controller, and searching the ferrite core temperature corresponding to the delta t in temperature calibration data.
This is because, according to actual tests, it is found that the driving voltage VCC is kept constant, and in the set current excitation process, the slope of the excitation current rise changes with the temperature change of the ferrite core, and the changing direction has consistency; therefore, the temperature of the ferrite core can be indirectly estimated by detecting the rising slope of the exciting current during the exciting of the set current through the comparator circuit.
And outputting a sampling voltage Vs at the output end of the ferrite drive circuit, wherein the sampling voltage Vs can be realized by terminating a sampling resistor Rs at the output end of the ferrite drive circuit, the sampling resistor Rs actually samples an excitation current in the ferrite, and the larger the excitation current is, the larger Vs is, the more Vs is, the Vs is continuously variable and is at most Vsmax.
Two reference voltages Vref1 and Vref2 are set within the comparator circuit, and Vsmax > Vref2 > Vref 1. During the set current excitation, when Vs exceeds Vref1, FB1 outputs high, and when Vs exceeds Vref2, FB2 outputs high. By detecting the time difference between the rising edges of the output signals FB1 and FB2 of the comparator circuit, the rising slope of the excitation current can be obtained, and the temperature of the ferrite core can be estimated.
Due to the difference of the materials of the ferrite core, in order to accurately detect the temperature of the ferrite core, in practical engineering application, the rule that the time difference of the rising edges of the FB1 and the FB2 changes along with the temperature of the ferrite core needs to be calibrated, and calibration data are stored in a flash chip.
Different ferrite core materials correspond to different temperature calibration data, when the ferrite core is actually used, the materials of the ferrite core are determined, calibration and storage of the data are completed in advance, and the controller directly searches the temperature calibration data after acquiring the time difference.
The controller is a high-speed FPGA and can acquire nanosecond-level changes of rising edge time differences of FB1 and FB 2.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: a novel ferrite phase shifter core temperature detection device and a detection method are provided, wherein a comparator circuit is additionally arranged at the output end of a ferrite drive circuit, and the detection method is combined to calibrate the temperature of the ferrite core of the phase shifter; the phase shifter works in practice to find the corresponding temperature data by exciting the ferrite core and the time difference output by the comparator circuit. The method of the invention is used for temperature detection, a temperature sensor is not required to be embedded, and a ferrite single coil excitation mode is adopted, so that the product structure is greatly simplified, an excitation circuit is simple, microsecond-level response speed and nanosecond-level delay time are realized, and the temperature acquisition of the ferrite magnetic core can be realized more accurately.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an ferrite driving circuit;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a comparator circuit;
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the time difference between the rising edges of FB1 and FB2 with the temperature of ferrite.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1-4, a ferrite phase shifter core temperature detection device comprises a ferrite with an excitation coil, a ferrite drive circuit, a comparator circuit and a controller;
the ferrite driving circuit is used for changing the direction of exciting current in the ferrite and sampling the exciting current to output sampling voltage Vs; the excitation current comprises a set current and a reset current, and the current directions of the set current and the reset current are opposite;
the sampling voltage Vs increases with the increase of the exciting current, and reaches a maximum value Vsmax when the ferrite is excited to the maximum residual magnetic flux;
the comparator circuit comprises an input end, a first output end FB1 and a second output end FB2, the input end is connected with a sampling voltage Vs, a first reference voltage Vref1 and a second reference voltage Vref2 are set, Vref1 and Vref2 are respectively compared with Vs, wherein Vsmax > Vref2 > Vref 1;
if Vs is less than Vref1, FB1 outputs low level, and if Vs is more than or equal to Vref1, FB1 outputs high level;
if Vs is less than Vref2, FB2 outputs low level, and if Vs is more than or equal to Vref2, FB2 outputs high level;
the controller is used for acquiring and storing the time difference of the rising edges of the FB1 and the FB 2.
In this embodiment: the ferrite driving circuit comprises a driving power supply and an H-bridge circuit;
the H-bridge circuit comprises an N-MOSFET Q1, an N-MOSFET Q2, an N-MOSFET Q3 and an N-MOSFET Q4, the D poles of Q1 and Q2 are connected with a driving power supply, the S pole of Q1 is connected with the D pole of Q3, the S pole of Q2 is connected with the D pole of Q4, and the S poles of Q3 and Q4 are grounded through a sampling resistor R6;
one end of the ferrite is connected between the S pole of Q1 and the D pole of Q3, and the other end of the ferrite is connected between the S pole of Q2 and the D pole of Q4;
the driving power supply is grounded through an energy storage filter capacitor.
The comparator circuit comprises a first voltage comparator U1, a second voltage comparator U2 and a direct current voltage source, wherein the direct current voltage source is grounded through resistors R1, R3 and R5 which are connected in series in sequence;
the circuit is characterized in that two paths are divided between R1 and R3, one path outputs Vref2 to the reverse input end of U1, the other path is grounded through a filter capacitor C3, the forward input end of U1 is connected with a sampling voltage Vs, and the output end is a second output end FB2 of the comparator circuit;
the output end of the comparator circuit is a first output end FB1 of the comparator circuit, and the positive input end of the U2 is connected with the sampling voltage Vs.
The controller is a high-speed FPGA, and the high-speed FPGA is connected with a flash memory and is used for storing temperature calibration data. The controller is also used for sending a reset signal and a set signal to the ferrite drive circuit, and the ferrite drive circuit carries out reset current excitation according to the reset signal and carries out set current excitation according to the set signal.
A detection method of a ferrite phase shifter magnetic core temperature detection device is characterized in that: comprises the following steps;
(1) constructing a ferrite phase shifter magnetic core temperature detection device;
(2) calibrating the temperature of the ferrite core material;
(21) placing ferrite with an excitation coil and a ferrite driving circuit in a high-low temperature box, setting a temperature interval TA-TB, wherein n temperatures are selected and marked as T1-Tn from small to large;
(22) setting the temperature of the high-low temperature box to be T1, firstly carrying out reset current excitation, exciting the ferrite to saturation, and then carrying out set current excitation to obtain the time difference delta T1 of rising edges of FB1 and FB2 at the temperature of T1;
(23) setting the temperature of a high-low temperature box as T2-Tn in sequence to obtain the time difference delta T2-delta Tn of rising edges of FB1 and FB2 at the temperature of T2-Tn, and storing the time difference delta T1-delta Tn corresponding to T1-Tn to obtain temperature calibration data corresponding to the ferrite magnetic core material;
(3) detecting the temperature of a ferrite core of the phase shifter;
(31) selecting a ferrite core material subjected to temperature calibration to manufacture a magnetic core of the phase shifter;
(32) and firstly carrying out reset current excitation, exciting the ferrite to saturation, then carrying out set current excitation, obtaining the time difference delta t of the rising edges of the FB1 and the FB2 by the controller, and searching the ferrite core temperature corresponding to the delta t in temperature calibration data.
The invention is suitable for detecting the temperature of the magnetic core of the ferrite phase shifter, and the magnetic core of the ferrite phase shifter is made of ferrite with an excitation coil. The temperature problem of the ferrite core is converted into the time difference of two signal outputs, the temperature calibration data corresponding to the ferrite core is obtained through temperature calibration, and the temperature of the ferrite core can be directly obtained by looking up a table only by acquiring the time difference of the two signal outputs in real time during subsequent temperature measurement. A temperature sensor is not required to be embedded near the ferrite core, magnetic flux feedback compensation is also not required, the circuit structure is simple, and the response speed can reach microsecond level.
Example 2: based on embodiment 1, we present a specific method for detecting the temperature of a ferrite phase shifter core, which includes the following steps:
(1) a temperature detection device is constructed, the structure of the device is the same as that of the device in embodiment 1, but in the ferrite phase shifter, a ferrite material with the trade name of X8HA11 is adopted to manufacture a phase shifter ferrite core. In setting the first reference voltage Vref1 and the second reference voltage Vref2, referring to fig. 3, two fixed current values are actually set by setting two voltage values Vref1, Vref 2. Vref1 at U1 is fixed, the current value at Vref1 is necessarily fixed. With Vref2 fixed at U2, the current value at Vref2 is necessarily fixed.
In the present embodiment, the fixed current value at Vref1 is set to 2A, that is, FB1 outputs a high level when the excitation current is 2A or more, and the fixed current value at Vref2 is set to 4A, that is, FB2 outputs a high level when the excitation current is 4A or more.
(2) Performing temperature calibration on a ferrite core made of the ferrite material of X8HA11 in the same step (2) as in the method of embodiment 1 to obtain temperature calibration data corresponding to the ferrite core;
in this step, we can find, through practical measurement, that at T3=75 ℃, the time difference Δ T3 between the rising edges of FB1 and FB2 is about 1.5 μ s; at T2=25 ℃, the difference in FB1 and FB2 rising edge times Δ T2 ≈ 2 μ s; at T1= -25 ℃, the difference Δ T1 in FB1 and FB2 rising edge times ≈ 2.4 μ s. Of course, the temperature calibration data is not limited to these, and we only list several temperatures and their corresponding time differences.
(3) As for the phase shifter ferrite core to be measured, if the core is made of ferrite material of X8HA11, the temperature calibration data obtained in step (2) can be used for temperature detection, specifically:
(31) selecting a phase shifter to be measured in temperature, wherein a ferrite magnetic core of the phase shifter is made of ferrite material of X8HA 11;
(32) and firstly carrying out reset current excitation, exciting the ferrite to saturation, then carrying out set current excitation, obtaining the time difference delta t of the rising edges of the FB1 and the FB2 by the controller, and searching the ferrite core temperature corresponding to the delta t in temperature calibration data. Assuming that Δ t measured at this time is 2.4 μ s, the temperature of the ferrite core is-25 ℃, and if Δ t is about 1.5 μ s, the temperature of the ferrite core is 75 ℃.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A ferrite phase shifter core temperature detection device, includes ferrite, ferrite drive circuit of taking exciting coil, its characterized in that: the circuit also comprises a comparator circuit and a controller;
the ferrite driving circuit is used for changing the direction of exciting current in the ferrite and sampling the exciting current to output sampling voltage Vs; the excitation current comprises a set current and a reset current, and the current directions of the set current and the reset current are opposite;
the sampling voltage Vs increases with the increase of the exciting current, and reaches a maximum value Vsmax when the ferrite is excited to the maximum residual magnetic flux;
the comparator circuit comprises an input end, a first output end FB1 and a second output end FB2, the input end is connected with a sampling voltage Vs, a first reference voltage Vref1 and a second reference voltage Vref2 are set, Vref1 and Vref2 are respectively compared with Vs, wherein Vsmax > Vref2 > Vref 1;
if Vs is less than Vref1, FB1 outputs low level, and if Vs is more than or equal to Vref1, FB1 outputs high level;
if Vs is less than Vref2, FB2 outputs low level, and if Vs is more than or equal to Vref2, FB2 outputs high level;
the ferrite is subjected to temperature calibration, and the temperature calibration method comprises the following steps:
placing ferrite with an excitation coil and a ferrite driving circuit in a high-low temperature box, setting a temperature interval TA-TB, wherein n temperatures are selected and marked as T1-Tn from small to large;
setting the temperature of the high-low temperature box to be T1, firstly carrying out reset current excitation, exciting the ferrite to saturation, and then carrying out set current excitation to obtain the time difference delta T1 of rising edges of FB1 and FB2 at the temperature of T1;
setting the temperature of the high-low temperature box as T2-Tn in sequence to obtain the time difference delta T2-delta Tn of the rising edges of FB1 and FB2 when the temperature is T2-Tn, and storing the time difference delta T1-delta Tn corresponding to T1-Tn to obtain the temperature calibration data corresponding to the ferrite;
the controller is used for acquiring the time difference delta t of the rising edges of the FB1 and the FB2, storing and searching the ferrite temperature corresponding to the delta t in the temperature calibration data.
2. A ferrite phase shifter core temperature sensing device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the ferrite driving circuit comprises a driving power supply and an H-bridge circuit;
the H-bridge circuit comprises an N-MOSFET Q1, an N-MOSFET Q2, an N-MOSFET Q3 and an N-MOSFET Q4, the D poles of Q1 and Q2 are connected with a driving power supply, the S pole of Q1 is connected with the D pole of Q3, the S pole of Q2 is connected with the D pole of Q4, and the S poles of Q3 and Q4 are grounded through a sampling resistor R6;
one end of the ferrite is connected between the S pole of Q1 and the D pole of Q3, and the other end of the ferrite is connected between the S pole of Q2 and the D pole of Q4;
the driving power supply is grounded through an energy storage filter capacitor.
3. A ferrite phase shifter core temperature sensing device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the comparator circuit comprises a first voltage comparator U1, a second voltage comparator U2 and a direct current voltage source, wherein the direct current voltage source is grounded through resistors R1, R3 and R5 which are connected in series in sequence;
the circuit is characterized in that two paths are divided between R1 and R3, one path outputs Vref2 to the reverse input end of U1, the other path is grounded through a filter capacitor C3, the forward input end of U1 is connected with a sampling voltage Vs, and the output end is a second output end FB2 of the comparator circuit;
the output end of the comparator circuit is a first output end FB1 of the comparator circuit, and the positive input end of the U2 is connected with the sampling voltage Vs.
4. A ferrite phase shifter core temperature sensing device as defined in claim 1, wherein: the controller is a high-speed FPGA, and the high-speed FPGA is connected with a flash memory and is used for storing temperature calibration data.
5. The method for detecting a ferrite phase shifter core temperature detecting device according to claim 1, wherein: comprises the following steps;
(1) constructing a ferrite phase shifter magnetic core temperature detection device;
(2) calibrating the temperature of the ferrite core material;
(21) placing ferrite with an excitation coil and a ferrite driving circuit in a high-low temperature box, setting a temperature interval TA-TB, wherein n temperatures are selected and marked as T1-Tn from small to large;
(22) setting the temperature of the high-low temperature box to be T1, firstly carrying out reset current excitation, exciting the ferrite to saturation, and then carrying out set current excitation to obtain the time difference delta T1 of rising edges of FB1 and FB2 at the temperature of T1;
(23) setting the temperature of a high-low temperature box as T2-Tn in sequence to obtain the time difference delta T2-delta Tn of rising edges of FB1 and FB2 at the temperature of T2-Tn, and storing the time difference delta T1-delta Tn corresponding to T1-Tn to obtain temperature calibration data corresponding to the ferrite magnetic core material;
(3) detecting the temperature of a ferrite core of the phase shifter;
(31) selecting a ferrite core material subjected to temperature calibration to manufacture a magnetic core of the phase shifter;
(32) and firstly carrying out reset current excitation, exciting the ferrite to saturation, then carrying out set current excitation, obtaining the time difference delta t of the rising edges of the FB1 and the FB2 by the controller, and searching the ferrite core temperature corresponding to the delta t in temperature calibration data.
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