CN113279145B - Preparation method of degradable superfine mask base cloth - Google Patents
Preparation method of degradable superfine mask base cloth Download PDFInfo
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- CN113279145B CN113279145B CN202110586290.2A CN202110586290A CN113279145B CN 113279145 B CN113279145 B CN 113279145B CN 202110586290 A CN202110586290 A CN 202110586290A CN 113279145 B CN113279145 B CN 113279145B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4382—Stretched reticular film fibres; Composite fibres; Mixed fibres; Ultrafine fibres; Fibres for artificial leather
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- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
- D01F11/04—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers
- D01F11/06—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
- D01F11/04—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers
- D01F11/08—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/10—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one other macromolecular compound obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/12—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyamide as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
- D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
- D06B3/10—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fabrics
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M17/00—Producing multi-layer textile fabrics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of mask manufacturing, and particularly provides a preparation method of degradable superfine mask base cloth.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mask manufacturing, in particular to a preparation method of degradable superfine mask base cloth.
Background
Currently, mask cloths are base materials for manufacturing masks, and are mainly used for bearing mask essence substances, wherein non-woven fabrics are the most common, and the non-woven fabrics are also called non-woven fabrics and are composed of oriented or random fibers. The non-woven fabric is called as the fabric because of the appearance and certain properties of the fabric, and has the characteristics of moisture resistance, air permeability, flexibility, light weight, no combustion supporting, easy decomposition, no toxicity or irritation, rich color, low price, recycling and the like. The mask cloth is mostly formed by pressing after being paved by superfine fiber materials, and the mask can not only soften the horny layer, prevent water evaporation and accelerate the permeation and absorption of nutrient substances, but also can remove dirt and grease on the surface of the skin, thereby achieving the effects of enhancing the elasticity of the skin, preventing wrinkles and enabling the skin to be smoother and more moist. The facial mask has two forms, one is a carrier-free type, and the other is a carrier type, wherein the carrier type facial mask refers to a facial mask which is applied after a film-forming material is used as a carrier (namely a facial mask base material) and is supplemented with nutritional ingredients and medicines.
At present, a conventional mask sheet is generally a sea-island type superfine short fiber mask, a common sea-island type mask generally adopts Polyester (PET) or Polyamide (PA), sea components compounded with the PET or polyamide can be Polyethylene (PE), polyamide (PA 6 or PA 66), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polystyrene (PS), acrylate copolymer or modified polyester and the like, base cloth is basically superfine short fiber, the technical problem of non-biodegradability exists, the environmental protection is poor, and the strength of the superfine short fiber in the existing sea-island type mask is low, the gram weight of the short fiber is difficult to be reduced, the technical problems of long processing technology and high processing cost exist.
Therefore, the invention provides a preparation method of the degradable superfine mask base cloth, which can solve the technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of degradable superfine mask base cloth, the mask produced by the preparation method has the advantage of degradability, PLA (polylactic acid) is selected as an island component of fiber, PA6 (polycaprolactam) or PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) is selected as a sea component and the island component, the sea component and the island component are firstly cut into parallel composite streams, the composite streams are gathered together and extruded from spinneret orifices like the production of single-component fiber to obtain sea-island filament fiber, and then the sea-island filament fiber is subjected to subsequent lapping and reinforcement to obtain the mask base cloth.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a preparation method of degradable superfine mask base cloth is disclosed, wherein island component of fiber adopts PLA material, sea component adopts PA6 or PVA material, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step S1, firstly, drying PLA/PA6 slices, and controlling the water content to be 10-200PPM;
s2, sequentially carrying out screw extrusion, melt filtration and metering pump on the dried PLA/PA6 polymer slices, and then feeding the slices into a spinning manifold;
and step S3: after cooling, blowing and high-speed air flow drafting, the thin flow solution in the spinning box body forms uniform PLA/PA6 filament fiber net on a lapping machine;
s4, reinforcing the fiber by hot rolling, spunlace or needling to form double-component PLA/PA6 filament non-woven fabric;
step S5, opening the PLA/PA6 filament non-woven fabric, treating the PLA/PA6 filament non-woven fabric through an acid solution, and dissolving a sea component PA6 in the mask under the action of the acid solution;
s6, after the treatment of the acid solution, dissolving part of the sea component PA6 to separate the sea component from the island component, and opening the original crude fiber to form a filament fiber;
s7, reducing the double-component PLA/PA6 filament non-woven fabric through formic acid, acetic acid or dilute sulfuric acid solution;
s8, dissolving the reduced PA6 by an acid solution, only remaining PLA or a small amount of PA6, and separating the island fiber from the sea fiber to successfully perform fiber opening;
step S9: washing and neutralizing the opened and reduced PLA/PA6 filament non-woven fabric, washing the PLA/PA6 filament non-woven fabric with hot water and cold water to remove dissolved matters, and adjusting the PH value and the neutralizing acid to obtain a mask base fabric;
step S10, dyeing the mask base cloth by adopting low-temperature disperse dye;
s11, drying the dyed mask base cloth;
s12, finally, carrying out post-compounding processing on the facial mask base fabric, and compounding the dried facial mask base fabric with other fiber materials to form the facial mask base fabric with more functions;
aiming at the facial mask with PLA/PVA components, the adopted opening process comprises the following steps: the mask with PLA/PVA components is dissolved by hot water, the PVA as the sea component in the mask swells and dissolves in the hot water, and the PLA as the island component does not react in the hot water;
after the mask with the PLA/PVA components is dissolved in hot water, part of PVA in the mask is dissolved, so that a sea component and an island component in the sea-island fibers are separated, the original crude fibers are split to form filament fibers, and the mask base cloth is obtained after the filament fibers are fully washed.
Further, the PLA/PA6 polymer slice in the step S2 forms a double-component thin flow solution in the screw extrusion and melting filtering assembly, and the ratio of the PLA to the PA6 is 7:3-5:5.
Further, the hot rolling temperature in the step S4 is 150 ° to 250 °.
Further, the concentration of the formic acid solution adopted in the step S7 is 20-50%, the temperature is 100-160 ℃, the bath ratio is 1: and 8-1.
Furthermore, the mask base cloth after being subjected to weight reduction and dyeing can be directly used as a mask, and the mask base cloth with low gram weight or the mask with high gram weight can be compounded with other fiber materials to form a multifunctional mask.
Further, the fiber material is any one of cotton fiber, tencel fiber material, viscose fiber and copper ammonia fiber natural degradable non-woven fabric, and the composite processing technology is any one of an adhesive bonding technology, an ultrasonic wave composite technology and a spunlace composite technology.
Further, the island component is mixed by any one or more of PLA 100%/PLA/PBAT/PBST/PPC biomaterial mixture according to any proportion.
Further, the sea component is made of any one of PLA, PA6, PVA, PE, PET, COPET and PP materials.
The invention has the advantages that: the invention provides a preparation method of degradable superfine mask base cloth, which has the following advantages:
1. the ultra-long fiber mask produced by the process manufacturing method has the advantage of high fiber strength, and can be made into mask base cloth with different gram weights.
2. The invention has the advantages of short processing technology and low processing cost.
3. The superfine fiber produced by the process has good skin fitting performance and good moisture absorption effect.
4. The facial mask produced by the process manufacturing method can be biodegraded, and has good environmental protection.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "central," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship that is indicated to facilitate the description of the invention and to simplify the description, but does not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and therefore, is not to be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, and the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a preparation method of degradable superfine mask base cloth is characterized in that an island component of a fiber is made of a PLA material, the island component is made of any one or more of PLA 100%/PLA/PBAT/PBST/PPC biological material mixtures according to any proportion, wherein the PBAT belongs to thermoplastic biodegradable plastic, is a copolymer of butanediol adipate and butanediol terephthalate, has the characteristics of PBA and PBT, and has good ductility, elongation at break, heat resistance and impact resistance; in addition, the biodegradable plastic has excellent biodegradability, and is one of the best degradable materials for active research and market application of biodegradable plastics.
PBST poly butylene succinate-co-terephthalate (PBST) is used as one of aliphatic/aromatic copolyester, and has good biodegradability of aliphatic polyester and excellent mechanical property of aromatic polyester, so that the PBST poly butylene succinate-co-terephthalate (PBST) becomes a hot point for developing degradable materials.
The PPC plastic is also called polymethyl ethylene carbonate, and is a completely degradable environment-friendly plastic synthesized by taking carbon dioxide and propylene oxide as raw materials.
The sea component adopts PA6 material, and can also adopt PLA, PA6, PVA, PE, PET, COPET, PP and other materials:
PA6, also known as nylon 6, is semitransparent or opaque milky white particles, and has the characteristics of thermoplasticity, light weight, good toughness, chemical resistance, good durability and the like.
PLA polylactic acid is a novel biodegradable material made using starch feedstock proposed from renewable plant resources such as corn. The biodegradable plastic has good biodegradability, can be completely degraded by microorganisms in the nature after being used, finally generates carbon dioxide and water, does not pollute the environment, is very beneficial to environmental protection, and is a well-known environment-friendly material.
PVA, polyvinyl alcohol is an organic compound, is white flaky, flocculent or powdery solid in appearance, and is tasteless. Is soluble in water and slightly soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide.
Polyethylene (PE) is a thermoplastic resin obtained by polymerizing ethylene. In industry, copolymers of ethylene with small amounts of alpha-olefins are also included. The polyethylene is odorless and nontoxic, has a wax-like hand feeling, has excellent low-temperature resistance (the lowest use temperature can reach-100 to-70 ℃), and has good chemical stability.
PET polyethylene terephthalate is the most important variety of thermoplastic polyester, commonly called polyester resin. It is a polycondensate of terephthalic acid with ethylene glycol, known as a thermoplastic polyester, or a saturated polyester. No toxicity, no smell, good sanitation and safety, and can be directly used for food packaging. Good stability, but not alkali resistance.
COPET is alkali soluble polyester, and has poorer alkali resistance after modification, so that the COPET is more easily dissolved by alkali liquor when being used as a sea component.
PP is polypropylene, which is a polymer obtained by addition polymerization of propylene. Is white wax-like material, has transparent and light appearance and has the use temperature range of-30 to 140 ℃. Can resist corrosion of acid, alkali, salt solution and various organic solvents at the temperature of below 80 ℃, and can be decomposed at high temperature and under the action of oxidation.
The process can process the number of the islands from 16, 36, 64 to 200 or even higher, and now takes 37 islands as an example for detailed description, and the specific process comprises the following steps:
(1) Firstly, drying PLA/PA6 slices, and controlling the water content to be 10-200PPM.
(2) And then sequentially carrying out screw extrusion, melt filtration and metering pump on the dried PLA/PA6 polymer slices, and then feeding the PLA/PA6 polymer slices into a spinning box body, wherein the PLA/PA6 polymer slices form a double-component trickle melt in a screw extrusion and melt filtration component, and the ratio of the PLA to the PA6 is 3:7.
(3) After cooling, blowing and high-speed air drafting, the thin flow solution in the spinning box forms uniform PLA/PA6 filament fiber net on a lapping machine.
(4) Then hot rolling and reinforcing to form the double-component PLA/PA6 filament non-woven fabric, wherein the hot rolling temperature is 160 degrees.
(5) Opening the PLA/PA6 filament non-woven fabric, treating the PLA/PA6 filament non-woven fabric through an acid solution, dissolving the sea component PA6 in the mask under the action of the acid solution, and if the mask is the PLA/PA6 component mask: the sea component PA6 in the mask can be dissolved under the action of an acid solution, the island component PLA has good acid resistance, and thus after the treatment of the acid solution, part or a large part of the sea component PA6 can be dissolved, so that the sea component and the island component are separated.
(6) After the treatment of the acid solution, part or a large part of the sea component PA6 is dissolved, so that the sea component and the island component are separated, and the original crude fiber is split to form the filament fiber.
(7) The double-component PLA/PA6 filament non-woven fabric is reduced by formic acid, acetic acid or dilute sulfuric acid solution:
the weight reduction process of the sea-island filament mask with different gram weights and different proportions is different, and alkali weight reduction introduction is carried out by taking superfine fibers with the gram weight of 70g/sm and the PLA/PA6 proportion of 70/30 as an example:
through a small sample experiment in our laboratory, the optimal decrement process of the base cloth is as follows: the concentration of formic acid is 33%, the temperature is 130 ℃, the treatment time is 30 minutes, the bath ratio is 1: about 15.
(8) After the weight reduction, the PA6 is dissolved by an acid solution, only PLA or a small amount of PA6 is left, and the island fiber and the sea fiber are separated at the moment, so that the fiber opening effect is successfully realized. After the weight reduction, the first fiber is separated into 37 ultrafine fibers, so that the base fabric is soft in hand feeling, and the soft and conformable performance of the mask is enhanced.
(9) And (3) washing and neutralizing the opened and reduced PLA/PA6 filament non-woven fabric, washing the PLA/PA6 filament non-woven fabric by a series of washing processes such as hot water washing, cold water washing and the like to remove dissolved matters, adjusting the PH value, and neutralizing acid to obtain the soft mask base fabric with excellent fitting performance.
(10) And then dyeing and drying the mask base cloth by adopting low-temperature disperse dye, wherein if white base cloth is required, the mask base cloth can be not dyed, the sea-island superfine filament mask obtained by the processing technology can have different gram weights which are different from 20gsm to 120gsm, can be directly used as a mask after reduction dyeing, and can be compounded with other fibers for some base cloth with particularly thin low gram weight, such as cotton fiber, tencel fiber and the like. After being compounded, the composite material can have the effect of superfine fiber on one side and the skin-friendly effect of cellulose fiber on the other side. The composite processing technology can use an adhesive bonding technology, an ultrasonic composite technology or a spunlace composite technology.
Because PLA (polylactic acid) is brittle and hard, a small amount of PBAT fibers can be added when the non-woven fabric base cloth is manufactured, the hand feeling of the base cloth is improved, and the base cloth is softer and more flexible.
Besides using the PLA (polylactic acid) fiber as a base fabric raw material, other degradable principles can be selected to manufacture the non-woven fabric mask base fabric, such as PBAT (thermoplastic biodegradable plastic, copolymer of butylene adipate and butylene terephthalate) and the like, the raw materials can be used as island components and made into island-type filament non-woven fabric base fabric together with different sea components, such as PET, PA6, PVA and the like, and a proper fiber reducing and opening process is selected to manufacture more degradable microfiber masks.
The second embodiment:
a preparation method of degradable superfine mask base cloth, wherein an island component of a fiber adopts a PLA material, and the island component adopts any one or more of PLA 100%/PLA/PBAT/PBST/PPC biological material mixtures to be mixed according to any proportion, wherein the PBAT belongs to thermoplastic biodegradable plastics, is a copolymer of butanediol adipate and butanediol terephthalate, has the characteristics of PBA and PBT, and has good ductility and elongation at break, and good heat resistance and impact performance; in addition, the biodegradable plastic has excellent biodegradability, and is one of the best degradable materials for the active research and market application of biodegradable plastics.
PBST poly butylene succinate-co-terephthalate (PBST) is used as one of aliphatic/aromatic copolyester, and has good biodegradability of aliphatic polyester and excellent mechanical property of aromatic polyester, so that the PBST poly butylene succinate-co-terephthalate (PBST) becomes a hot point for developing degradable materials.
The PPC plastic is also called polymethyl ethylene carbonate, and is a completely degradable environment-friendly plastic synthesized by taking carbon dioxide and propylene oxide as raw materials.
The sea component adopts PA6 material, and can also adopt PLA, PA6, PVA, PE, PET, COPET, PP and other materials:
the PA6 is also named as nylon 6, is semitransparent or opaque milky-white particles, and has the characteristics of thermoplasticity, light weight, good toughness, chemical resistance, good durability and the like.
PLA polylactic acid is a novel biodegradable material made using starch feedstock proposed from renewable plant resources such as corn. The biodegradable plastic has good biodegradability, can be completely degraded by microorganisms in the nature after being used, finally generates carbon dioxide and water, does not pollute the environment, is very favorable for protecting the environment, and is a well-known environment-friendly material.
PVA, polyvinyl alcohol is an organic compound, is white flaky, flocculent or powdery solid in appearance, and is tasteless. Is soluble in water and slightly soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide.
Polyethylene (PE) is a thermoplastic resin obtained by polymerizing ethylene. In industry, copolymers of ethylene with small amounts of alpha-olefins are also included. The polyethylene has no odor and no toxicity, feels like wax, has excellent low-temperature resistance (the lowest use temperature can reach-100 to-70 ℃), and has good chemical stability.
PET polyethylene terephthalate is the most important variety of thermoplastic polyester, commonly known as polyester resin. It is a polycondensate of terephthalic acid with ethylene glycol, known as a thermoplastic polyester, or a saturated polyester. No toxicity, no smell, good sanitation and safety, and can be directly used for food packaging. Good stability, but not alkali resistance.
COPET is alkali soluble polyester, and has poorer alkali resistance after modification, so that the COPET is more easily dissolved by alkali liquor when being used as a sea component.
PP is polypropylene, which is a polymer obtained by addition polymerization of propylene. Is white wax-like material, has transparent and light appearance and has the use temperature range of-30 to 140 ℃. Can resist corrosion of acid, alkali, salt solution and various organic solvents at the temperature of below 80 ℃, and can be decomposed at high temperature and under the action of oxidation.
The process can process the number of the islands from 16, 36, 64 to 200 or even higher, and now takes 37 islands as an example for detailed description, and the specific process comprises the following steps:
(1) Firstly, drying PLA/PVA slices, and controlling the water content to be 10-200PPM.
(2) And then, sequentially carrying out screw extrusion, melt filtration and metering pump on the dried PLA/PVA polymer slices, and then feeding the PLA/PVA polymer slices into a spinning box body, wherein the PLA/PVA polymer slices form a double-component trickle solution in a screw extrusion and melt filtration assembly, and the ratio of the PLA to the PVA is 5:5.
(3) After cooling, blowing and high-speed air drafting, the thin flow solution in the spinning box forms uniform PLA/PA6 filament fiber net on a lapping machine.
(4) Then hot rolling and reinforcing to form the double-component PLA/PVA filament non-woven fabric, wherein the hot rolling temperature is 160 degrees.
(5) Opening and reducing PLA/PVA filament non-woven fabrics:
the weight reduction process of the sea-island filament mask with different gram weights and different proportions is different, and alkali weight reduction introduction is carried out by taking superfine fibers with the gram weight of 70g/sm and the PLA/PVA proportion of 50/50 as an example:
part of PVA or most of PVA is dissolved by hot water, the dissolving effect of the PVA is good when the experimental water temperature is 80 ℃, so that the PVA on the non-woven fabric is removed after being treated for 40 minutes at 80 ℃, the island fibers are separated, 37 extremely thin superfine fibers are obtained, and the soft and conformable mask base fabric is obtained.
Thus, after being dissolved by hot water, a part or a large part of PVA in the mask can be dissolved, so that the sea component and the island component in the sea-island fiber are separated, the original coarse fiber is split, and a very thin filament fiber is formed. And after fully washing, the mask base cloth with excellent soft and fitting performance is obtained.
(6) And then dyeing and drying the mask base cloth by adopting low-temperature disperse dye, wherein if white base cloth is required, the mask base cloth can be not dyed, the sea-island superfine filament mask obtained by the processing technology can have different gram weights which are different from 20gsm to 120gsm, can be directly used as a mask after reduction dyeing, and can be compounded with other fibers for some base cloth with particularly thin low gram weight, such as cotton fiber, tencel fiber and the like. After being compounded, the composite material can have the effect of superfine fiber on one side and the skin-friendly effect of cellulose fiber on the other side. The composite processing technology can use an adhesive bonding technology, an ultrasonic composite technology or a spunlace composite technology.
Because PLA (polylactic acid) is brittle and hard, a small amount of PBAT fibers can be added when the non-woven fabric base cloth is manufactured, the hand feeling of the base cloth is improved, and the base cloth is softer and more flexible.
Besides the PLA (polylactic acid) fibers as the raw materials of the base cloth, other degradable principles can be selected to manufacture the non-woven facial mask base cloth, such as PBAT (thermoplastic biodegradable plastic, copolymer of butylene adipate and butylene terephthalate) and the like, the raw materials can be used as island components and made into island-type filament non-woven base cloth together with different sea components, such as PET, PA6, PVA and the like, and a proper fiber reducing and splitting process is selected to manufacture more degradable super-fiber facial masks.
The working principle is as follows: the specific processing flow of the invention is as follows:
feeding a polymer, drying, melt spinning, fiber cooling, air flow drafting, lapping, reinforcing into cloth, fiber opening and weight reduction, washing and neutralizing, dyeing (or bleaching), drying and post-compounding processing.
The polylactic acid (PLA) adopted in the invention is a polymer polymerized by taking a fermentation product L _ lactic acid of microorganism as a monomer, has the characteristics of unique biodegradability, biocompatibility, no environmental protection problem after degradation and the like, and can be degraded into carbon dioxide and water by the microorganism in the marine environment. However, PLA is generally a hard and brittle material, and needs to be modified in most practical applications, for example, a plasticizer PBAT (a thermoplastic biodegradable plastic, a copolymer of butylene adipate and butylene terephthalate) is used to improve the flexibility of the PLA, the ultra-long fiber mask produced by the process of the present invention has the advantage of high fiber strength, and can achieve mask base fabrics of different gram weights, the ultra-fine fiber produced by the process of the present invention has good skin-fitting performance, and simultaneously has a good moisture absorption effect, and the mask produced by the process of the present invention can be biodegradable and has good environmental protection. Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A preparation method of degradable superfine mask base cloth is characterized in that island components of fibers are made of PLA materials, sea components are made of PA6 or PVA materials, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step S1, firstly, drying PLA/PA6 slices, and controlling the water content to be 10-200PPM;
s2, sequentially carrying out screw extrusion, melt filtration and metering pump on the dried PLA/PA6 polymer slices, and then feeding the slices into a spinning manifold;
wherein the PLA/PA6 polymer slice forms a bicomponent trickle melt in a screw extrusion and fusion filtration component, and the ratio of the PLA to the PA6 is 7:3-5:5;
and step S3: after cooling, blowing and high-speed air flow drafting, the thin flow solution in the spinning box body forms uniform PLA/PA6 filament fiber net on a lapping machine;
s4, reinforcing the two-component PLA/PA6 filament non-woven fabric by hot rolling, spunlace or needling, wherein the hot rolling temperature is 150-250 ℃;
step S5, opening the PLA/PA6 filament non-woven fabric, treating the PLA/PA6 filament non-woven fabric through an acid solution, and dissolving a sea component PA6 in the mask under the action of the acid solution;
s6, after the treatment of the acid solution, part of the sea component PA6 is dissolved, so that the sea component and the island component are separated, and the original crude fiber is split to form a filament fiber;
s7, reducing the double-component PLA/PA6 filament non-woven fabric through formic acid, acetic acid or dilute sulfuric acid solution;
s8, dissolving the reduced PA6 by an acid solution, only remaining PLA or a small amount of PA6, and separating the island fibers from the sea fibers to successfully perform fiber opening;
step S9: washing and neutralizing the opened and reduced PLA/PA6 filament non-woven fabric, washing the PLA/PA6 filament non-woven fabric with hot water and cold water to remove dissolved matters, and adjusting the PH value and the neutralizing acid to obtain a mask base fabric;
step S10, dyeing the mask base cloth by adopting low-temperature disperse dye;
s11, drying the dyed mask base cloth;
the preparation method of the mask with the island component made of PLA material and the sea component made of PVA material comprises the following steps:
step S1, firstly, drying the PLA/PVA slices, and controlling the water content to be 10-200PPM;
step S2, sequentially performing screw extrusion, melt filtration and metering pump on the dried PLA/PVA polymer slices, and feeding the PLA/PVA polymer slices into a spinning manifold, wherein the PLA/PVA polymer slices form a two-component trickle melt in a screw extrusion and melt filtration component, and the ratio of the PLA to the PVA is 5:5;
s3, after cooling and blowing and high-speed airflow drafting, the thin flow solution in the spinning manifold forms uniform filament fiber net on a lapping machine;
s4, hot rolling and reinforcing to form the double-component PLA/PVA filament non-woven fabric, wherein the hot rolling temperature is 160 degrees;
and S5, opening and reducing the PLA/PVA filament non-woven fabric:
the mask with PLA/PVA components is dissolved by hot water, the PVA as the sea component in the mask swells and dissolves in the hot water, and the PLA as the island component does not react in the hot water;
after the mask with the PLA/PVA components is dissolved by hot water, part of PVA in the mask is dissolved, so that a sea component and an island component in the sea-island fibers are separated, the original crude fibers are split to form filament fibers, and after the filament fibers are fully washed, the mask base cloth is obtained;
s6, finally, dyeing and drying the mask base cloth by adopting low-temperature disperse dye;
the two types of mask base cloth after weight reduction and dyeing can be directly used as masks, and the mask base cloth with low gram weight or the mask with high gram weight can be compounded with other fiber materials to form a multifunctional mask.
2. The method for preparing the degradable superfine mask base cloth according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the formic acid solution adopted in the step S7 is 20-50%, the temperature is 100-160 °, the bath ratio is 1:8 to 1.
3. The method for preparing the degradable ultrafine mask base cloth according to claim 1, wherein the fiber material is any one of cotton fiber, tencel fiber material, viscose fiber and cuprammonium fiber natural degradable non-woven fabric, and the composite processing technology is any one of a glue bonding technology, an ultrasonic wave composite technology and a spunlace composite technology.
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| CN115537968A (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2022-12-30 | 明新梅诺卡(江苏)新材料有限公司 | Polylactic acid sea-island fiber and preparation method thereof |
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