CN113278892A - High-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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Abstract
The invention discloses high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel, and particularly relates to the technical field of alloy steel, wherein the high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel is prepared from the following raw materials: carbon, silicon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, cobalt, nitrogen and the balance of iron. According to the invention, by adding chromium, nickel and nitrogen, a high-hardness iron-nickel compound and a chromium-nitrogen compound can be formed, the hardness and the wear resistance of the alloy steel can be effectively improved, the weight percentage of chromium in the alloy steel reaches 18.5-25%, the corrosion resistance of the alloy steel can be better due to the high content of chromium, the grain refinement in the alloy steel can be realized by adding molybdenum, the hardenability and the heat strength can be improved, the sufficient strength and the creep resistance can be kept at high temperature, the content of phosphorus can be strictly controlled, the cold brittleness of the alloy steel can be reduced, the yield and the production efficiency can be greatly improved by the preparation method, the production cost is low, and the strength and the wear resistance of the alloy steel can be effectively improved by homogenizing and aging the alloy steel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alloy steel, in particular to high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The steel of the alloy steel is added with other alloy elements besides iron and carbon. The main alloy elements of the alloy steel comprise silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, titanium, niobium, zirconium, cobalt, aluminum, copper, boron, rare earth and the like. Alloy steels are of various types, and are generally classified into low alloy steels, medium alloy steels and high alloy steels according to the content of alloy elements. The iron-carbon alloy is formed by adding one or more alloy elements with proper amount on the basis of common carbon steel. According to the difference of the added elements and by adopting a proper processing technology, the special properties of high strength, high toughness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, low temperature resistance, high temperature resistance, no magnetism and the like can be obtained. The alloy steel in the current market has hundreds of compositions and proportions, the quality is also uniform, the compositions and proportions of a plurality of common alloy steels are not scientifically and reasonably designed, the alloy steel has low strength and poor corrosion resistance, and the alloy steel material can not meet the use requirements of people.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the above defects in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel and a preparation method thereof, and the present invention aims to solve the following problems: how to improve the hardness and the corrosion resistance of the alloy steel and meet the use requirements of people.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0-0.03% of carbon, 0-1% of silicon, 0-2% of manganese, 0-0.045% of phosphorus, 0-0.03% of sulfur, 18.5-25% of chromium, 10-15% of nickel, 2-3% of molybdenum, 0-0.3% of cobalt, 0.1-0.8% of nitrogen and the balance of iron.
In a preferred embodiment, the composition consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0-0.03% of carbon, 0-1% of silicon, 0-2% of manganese, 0-0.045% of phosphorus, 0-0.03% of sulfur, 18.5-19% of chromium, 10-15% of nickel, 2-3% of molybdenum, 0-0.3% of cobalt, 0.1-0.8% of nitrogen and the balance of iron.
In a preferred embodiment, the composition consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0-0.03% of carbon, 0-1% of silicon, 0-2% of manganese, 0-0.045% of phosphorus, 0-0.03% of sulfur, 21.5-22% of chromium, 10-15% of nickel, 2-3% of molybdenum, 0-0.3% of cobalt, 0.1-0.8% of nitrogen and the balance of iron.
In a preferred embodiment, the composition consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0-0.03% of carbon, 0-1% of silicon, 0-2% of manganese, 0-0.045% of phosphorus, 0-0.03% of sulfur, 24.5-25% of chromium, 10-15% of nickel, 2-3% of molybdenum, 0-0.3% of cobalt, 0.1-0.8% of nitrogen and the balance of iron.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel, which comprises the following specific preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: putting scrap iron, scrap steel and scrap alloy steel into an intermediate frequency furnace, introducing low current into the intermediate frequency furnace, heating to 800-1400 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min, heating to 1200-1400 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min with full load current, and performing primary component adjustment after the ingredients in the intermediate frequency furnace are melted;
step two: transferring the ingredients melted in the step one into an LF furnace, continuing to perform heat preservation at 1200-1400 ℃, performing deoxidation and desulfurization and fine adjustment of components, and blending to obtain the raw material composition with the weight percentage;
step three: casting the refined alloy raw material into a continuous casting billet on a continuous casting machine by adopting high pulling speed and high pulling and straightening temperature;
step four: placing the casting blank into a homogenizing furnace at the temperature of 450-540 ℃, and then preserving heat for 3-5h at the temperature of 1100-1250 ℃ to finish homogenization treatment;
step five: and step four, placing the homogenized continuous casting billet into a steel rolling heating furnace for heating, rolling by a continuous rolling mill set, and then carrying out aging treatment and aging treatment to obtain the high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel.
In a preferred embodiment, the low current control output power in the first step is 500-.
In a preferred embodiment, the speed of the high withdrawal speed in the third step is 1.2-1.5m/min, and the temperature of the high withdrawal is 1000-.
In a preferred embodiment, the heating temperature of the steel rolling heating furnace in the fifth step is 500-.
In a preferred embodiment, the lining of the intermediate frequency furnace in the first step is a basic lining, and the basic lining is a hot lime lining.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
1. the high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel prepared by adopting the raw material formula can form a high-hardness iron-nickel compound and a chromium-nitrogen compound by adding chromium, nickel and nitrogen, so that the hardness and the wear resistance of the alloy steel can be effectively improved, the weight percentage of chromium in the alloy steel reaches 18.5-25%, the corrosion resistance of the alloy steel can be better due to the high-content chromium element, crystal grains in the alloy steel can be refined by adding the molybdenum element, the hardenability and the heat strength can be improved, the sufficient strength and the creep resistance can be kept at high temperature, the content of the phosphorus element is strictly controlled, and the cold brittleness of the alloy steel can be reduced;
2. the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages that the yield and the production efficiency are greatly improved, the production cost is low, and the strength and the wear resistance of the alloy steel can be effectively improved through homogenization treatment and aging treatment of the alloy steel.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the invention provides high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.02% of carbon, 0.5% of silicon, 1% of manganese, 0.02% of phosphorus, 0.02% of sulfur, 18.8% of chromium, 12.5% of nickel, 2.5% of molybdenum, 0.1% of cobalt, 0.45% of nitrogen and the balance of iron.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel, which comprises the following specific preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: putting scrap iron, scrap steel and scrap alloy steel into an intermediate frequency furnace, introducing low current into the intermediate frequency furnace, heating to 900 ℃ at the heating rate of 4 ℃/min, then heating to 1300 ℃ at the heating rate of 8 ℃/min with full load current, and carrying out primary component adjustment after the ingredients in the intermediate frequency furnace are melted;
step two: transferring the ingredients melted in the first step into an LF furnace, keeping the temperature at 1300 ℃, performing deoxidation and desulfurization and fine component adjustment, and blending the ingredients into the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.02% of carbon, 0.5% of silicon, 1% of manganese, 0.02% of phosphorus, 0.02% of sulfur, 18.8% of chromium, 12.5% of nickel, 2.5% of molybdenum, 0.1% of cobalt, 0.45% of nitrogen and the balance of iron;
step three: casting the refined alloy raw material into a continuous casting billet on a continuous casting machine by adopting high pulling speed and high pulling and straightening temperature;
step four: putting the casting blank into a homogenizing furnace at the temperature of 500 ℃, and then preserving heat for 4 hours at the temperature of 11800 ℃ to finish homogenization treatment;
step five: and step four, placing the homogenized continuous casting billet into a steel rolling heating furnace for heating, rolling by a continuous rolling mill set, and then carrying out aging treatment and aging treatment to obtain the high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel.
In a preferred embodiment, in the first step, the medium-low current control output power is 800KW, and the full-load current control output power is 2250 KW.
In a preferred embodiment the speed of the high withdrawal speed in step three is 1.3m/min and the temperature of the high withdrawal is 1050 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment, the heating temperature of the steel rolling heating furnace in the fifth step is 550 ℃, the temperature of the aging treatment is 260 ℃, the treatment time is 15 hours, and the steel rolling heating furnace is air-cooled to room temperature after the aging treatment.
In a preferred embodiment, the lining of the intermediate frequency furnace in the first step is a basic lining, and the basic lining is a hot lime lining.
Example 2:
the high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.02% of carbon, 0.5% of silicon, 1% of manganese, 0.02% of phosphorus, 0.02% of sulfur, 21.8% of chromium, 12.5% of nickel, 2.5% of molybdenum, 0.1% of cobalt, 0.45% of nitrogen and the balance of iron.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel, which comprises the following specific preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: putting scrap iron, scrap steel and scrap alloy steel into an intermediate frequency furnace, introducing low current into the intermediate frequency furnace, heating to 900 ℃ at the heating rate of 4 ℃/min, then heating to 1300 ℃ at the heating rate of 8 ℃/min with full load current, and carrying out primary component adjustment after the ingredients in the intermediate frequency furnace are melted;
step two: transferring the ingredients melted in the first step into an LF furnace, keeping the temperature at 1300 ℃, performing deoxidation and desulfurization and fine component adjustment, and blending the ingredients into the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.02% of carbon, 0.5% of silicon, 1% of manganese, 0.02% of phosphorus, 0.02% of sulfur, 21.8% of chromium, 12.5% of nickel, 2.5% of molybdenum, 0.1% of cobalt, 0.45% of nitrogen and the balance of iron;
step three: casting the refined alloy raw material into a continuous casting billet on a continuous casting machine by adopting high pulling speed and high pulling and straightening temperature;
step four: putting the casting blank into a homogenizing furnace at the temperature of 500 ℃, and then preserving heat for 4 hours at the temperature of 11800 ℃ to finish homogenization treatment;
step five: and step four, placing the homogenized continuous casting billet into a steel rolling heating furnace for heating, rolling by a continuous rolling mill set, and then carrying out aging treatment and aging treatment to obtain the high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel.
In a preferred embodiment, in the first step, the medium-low current control output power is 800KW, and the full-load current control output power is 2250 KW.
In a preferred embodiment the speed of the high withdrawal speed in step three is 1.3m/min and the temperature of the high withdrawal is 1050 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment, the heating temperature of the steel rolling heating furnace in the fifth step is 550 ℃, the temperature of the aging treatment is 260 ℃, the treatment time is 15 hours, and the steel rolling heating furnace is air-cooled to room temperature after the aging treatment.
In a preferred embodiment, the lining of the intermediate frequency furnace in the first step is a basic lining, and the basic lining is a hot lime lining.
Example 3:
the high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.02% of carbon, 0.5% of silicon, 1% of manganese, 0.02% of phosphorus, 0.02% of sulfur, 24.8% of chromium, 12.5% of nickel, 2.5% of molybdenum, 0.1% of cobalt, 0.45% of nitrogen and the balance of iron.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel, which comprises the following specific preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: putting scrap iron, scrap steel and scrap alloy steel into an intermediate frequency furnace, introducing low current into the intermediate frequency furnace, heating to 900 ℃ at the heating rate of 4 ℃/min, then heating to 1300 ℃ at the heating rate of 8 ℃/min with full load current, and carrying out primary component adjustment after the ingredients in the intermediate frequency furnace are melted;
step two: transferring the ingredients melted in the first step into an LF furnace, keeping the temperature at 1300 ℃, performing deoxidation and desulfurization and fine component adjustment, and blending the ingredients into the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.02% of carbon, 0.5% of silicon, 1% of manganese, 0.02% of phosphorus, 0.02% of sulfur, 24.8% of chromium, 12.5% of nickel, 2.5% of molybdenum, 0.1% of cobalt, 0.45% of nitrogen and the balance of iron;
step three: casting the refined alloy raw material into a continuous casting billet on a continuous casting machine by adopting high pulling speed and high pulling and straightening temperature;
step four: putting the casting blank into a homogenizing furnace at the temperature of 500 ℃, and then preserving heat for 4 hours at the temperature of 11800 ℃ to finish homogenization treatment;
step five: and step four, placing the homogenized continuous casting billet into a steel rolling heating furnace for heating, rolling by a continuous rolling mill set, and then carrying out aging treatment and aging treatment to obtain the high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel.
In a preferred embodiment, in the first step, the medium-low current control output power is 800KW, and the full-load current control output power is 2250 KW.
In a preferred embodiment the speed of the high withdrawal speed in step three is 1.3m/min and the temperature of the high withdrawal is 1050 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment, the heating temperature of the steel rolling heating furnace in the fifth step is 550 ℃, the temperature of the aging treatment is 260 ℃, the treatment time is 15 hours, and the steel rolling heating furnace is air-cooled to room temperature after the aging treatment.
In a preferred embodiment, the lining of the intermediate frequency furnace in the first step is a basic lining, and the basic lining is a hot lime lining.
And finally: the above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel is characterized in that: the composite material consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0-0.03% of carbon, 0-1% of silicon, 0-2% of manganese, 0-0.045% of phosphorus, 0-0.03% of sulfur, 18.5-25% of chromium, 10-15% of nickel, 2-3% of molybdenum, 0-0.3% of cobalt, 0.1-0.8% of nitrogen and the balance of iron.
2. The high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel according to claim 1, wherein: the composite material consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0-0.03% of carbon, 0-1% of silicon, 0-2% of manganese, 0-0.045% of phosphorus, 0-0.03% of sulfur, 18.5-19% of chromium, 10-15% of nickel, 2-3% of molybdenum, 0-0.3% of cobalt, 0.1-0.8% of nitrogen and the balance of iron.
3. The high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel according to claim 1, wherein: the composite material consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0-0.03% of carbon, 0-1% of silicon, 0-2% of manganese, 0-0.045% of phosphorus, 0-0.03% of sulfur, 21.5-22% of chromium, 10-15% of nickel, 2-3% of molybdenum, 0-0.3% of cobalt, 0.1-0.8% of nitrogen and the balance of iron.
4. The high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel according to claim 1, wherein: the composite material consists of the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0-0.03% of carbon, 0-1% of silicon, 0-2% of manganese, 0-0.045% of phosphorus, 0-0.03% of sulfur, 24.5-25% of chromium, 10-15% of nickel, 2-3% of molybdenum, 0-0.3% of cobalt, 0.1-0.8% of nitrogen and the balance of iron.
5. The method for preparing a high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: putting scrap iron, scrap steel and scrap alloy steel into an intermediate frequency furnace, introducing low current into the intermediate frequency furnace, heating to 800-1400 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min, heating to 1200-1400 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min with full load current, and performing primary component adjustment after the ingredients in the intermediate frequency furnace are melted;
step two: transferring the ingredients melted in the step one into an LF furnace, continuing to perform heat preservation at 1200-1400 ℃, performing deoxidation and desulfurization and fine adjustment of components, and blending to obtain the raw material composition with the weight percentage;
step three: casting the refined alloy raw material into a continuous casting billet on a continuous casting machine by adopting high pulling speed and high pulling and straightening temperature;
step four: placing the casting blank into a homogenizing furnace at the temperature of 450-540 ℃, and then preserving heat for 3-5h at the temperature of 1100-1250 ℃ to finish homogenization treatment;
step five: and step four, placing the homogenized continuous casting billet into a steel rolling heating furnace for heating, rolling by a continuous rolling mill set, and then carrying out aging treatment and aging treatment to obtain the high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel.
6. The method for preparing the high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, the output power is controlled by the low current in 500-1000KW, and the output power is controlled by the full load current in 2000-2500 KW.
7. The method for preparing the high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the speed of high pulling speed in the third step is 1.2-1.5m/min, and the temperature of high pulling and correcting is 1000-1100 ℃.
8. The method for preparing the high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the heating temperature of the steel rolling heating furnace in the step five is 500-600 ℃, the temperature of the aging treatment is 250-280 ℃, the treatment time is 13-18h, and the steel rolling heating furnace is air-cooled to room temperature after the aging treatment.
9. The method for preparing the high-chromium high-hardness corrosion-resistant alloy steel according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and C, a furnace lining of the intermediate frequency furnace in the step I is an alkaline furnace lining, and the alkaline furnace lining is a hot lime furnace lining.
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