CN113278712B - Gene chip, molecular probe combination, kit and application for analyzing sheep hair color - Google Patents
Gene chip, molecular probe combination, kit and application for analyzing sheep hair color Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gene chip, a molecular probe combination, a kit and application for analyzing sheep hair color, and relates to the technical field of biology, the invention provides 1941 SNP site combinations for analyzing sheep hair color characters on a gene level, physical position information of the SNP site combinations is determined based on sheep v4.0 genome sequence comparison, the molecular probe combination, the gene chip and the kit obtained by utilizing the 1941 SNP sites can carry out genetic evaluation on the sheep hair color characters, individual selection can be carried out in an early stage which is difficult to measure, generation intervals are shortened, breeding process is accelerated, breeding cost is saved, variety screening and identification based on sheep hair color are realized, and reconstruction of sheep genealogy and protection and improvement of germplasm resources are facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biology, in particular to the technical field of biological detection, and more particularly relates to a gene chip, a molecular probe combination, a kit and application for analyzing sheep hair color.
Background
The sheep coat has various colors, the genetic phenomenon is very complex, and the sheep coat has important economic significance, for example, white cashmere is more expensive than cashmere with other colors, the coat color of some varieties plays an important role in adapting to natural environment, the coat color property is an important variety characteristic and production property in the breeding work of sheep, the significance is important in determining hybridization combination, variety purity, genetic relationship and the like, the effect is particularly prominent in obtaining the required coat color type through hybridization breeding, and the sheep coat color also has important significance in tracing sheep varieties and protecting, developing and utilizing germplasm resources. Therefore, more and more researchers have studied the sheep hair color by using gene analysis, and at present, the molecular marker technology is more and more emphasized due to its advantages of high accuracy, strong operability and the like, wherein the molecular marker technology based on Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) is more and more widely applied. SNP is taken as a genetic molecular marker in biological genomes, and plays more and more important roles in the aspects of animal and plant genetic evolution analysis, important economic shape screening, molecular breeding and the like. The SNP chip based on the SNP is a convenient and efficient tool for modern genetic breeding, and is easy to realize high-throughput and automatic detection of the SNP, can detect the change of each base pair on genomic DNA, including insertion, deletion, inversion, conversion and the like, becomes a very ideal SNP detection technology, and is increasingly applied to the field of sheep breeding.
Although commercial Sheep SNP chips are Illumina orange SNP50 Beadchip (50K), Illumina sheet HD Genotyping Beadchip (680K) and Illumina orange LD (5K), which comprise more than 54K SNP sites covering Sheep whole genome, the Sheep SNP chips can be used for genetic breeding, whole genome association analysis, quantitative trait locus positioning, gene optimization, comparative genomics and other researches. However, the existing sheep SNP chip is mainly based on data of western sheep, lacks of SNP data of combination of Chinese sheep varieties and foreign sheep varieties, has the problems of insufficient site uniformity, insufficient embodiment of functional sites and regions, extremely low frequency sites of over 10 percent of sites in Chinese sheep groups and the like, and has very important significance in designing the SNP chip which is suitable for Chinese sheep groups and can rapidly and effectively detect wool colors.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a molecular probe combination, a gene chip, a kit and application for analyzing sheep hair color in order to meet the requirements of sheep variety research, sheep market and agricultural production on sheep hair color detection in China.
In order to achieve the technical purpose of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in the first aspect, 1941 SNP site combinations are applied to sheep hair color analysis, and the site physical information of the 1941 SNP site combinations is shown in Table 1:
TABLE 11941 site physical information for SNP site combinations
Wherein the physical location information for the combination of sites in table 1 is determined based on the sheep v4.0 genomic sequence alignment.
In the second aspect, the method for analyzing the wool color of sheep compares the 1941 SNP site genotypes of the genomic DNA of a test sheep with the 1941 SNP site genotypes of the genomic DNA of a control sheep; the 1941 SNP sites are the 1941 SNP sites described in the first aspect.
In a third aspect, the sheep fur color is analyzed by using a molecular probe combination, the molecular probe combination detects SNP site combinations shown in table 1 in a sample to be detected, and the physical position information of the site combinations in table 1 is determined based on sheep v4.0 genome sequence alignment.
The fourth aspect is a gene chip for analyzing sheep hair color, wherein the gene chip is loaded with the molecular probe combination of the third aspect.
The kit for analyzing sheep hair color in the fifth aspect, which has the molecular probe combination in the third aspect or the gene chip in the fourth aspect.
In a sixth aspect, a method for analyzing sheep hair color is to use the molecular probe combination of the third aspect or the gene chip of the fourth aspect or the kit of the fifth aspect to detect a sample to be detected.
The molecular probe combination of the seventh aspect, the third aspect, or the gene chip of the fourth aspect or the kit of the fifth aspect, having any one of the following uses: (1) the application in sheep hair color evaluation; (2) the application in screening sheep varieties; (3) the application in sheep variety identification; (4) the application in tracing sheep varieties; (5) the application in sheep breeding; (6) the application in germplasm resource protection; (7) the application in germplasm resources improvement; (8) the application in sheep pedigree reconstruction.
Has the advantages that:
1. the SNP locus combination for analyzing the wool color of the sheep only consists of 1941 SNP loci based on the research on genetic resources of a plurality of sheep at home and abroad, has good universality at home and abroad, can quickly detect the wool color of sheep individuals from the gene level to obtain accurate breeding evaluation information so as to select the wool color property which is difficult to measure at the early stage, control and accelerate the breeding process, save a large amount of breeding cost, identify and trace the sheep variety, and provide technical support for the genealogical reconstruction, germplasm resource protection and germplasm resource improvement of the sheep.
2. The probe combination, the gene chip and the kit which are prepared based on the sheep hair color SNP locus analysis provided by the invention have the characteristics of small flux, low cost, easier analysis, wide universality and wide market prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a Manhattan chart of the Dorper sheep (black) Vs Dorper sheep (white) (BDP overturs WDP) group;
FIG. 2 is a Manhattan chart of the Vs Hu sheep (CLS vertus HUS) group of the Muller black sheep;
FIG. 3 is a Manhattan chart of a group of Got verse Hu sheep (GOT rivers HUS);
fig. 4 is a result graph of the significance test performed on the determination result of the population threshold analysis according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by reference to the following detailed description of specific embodiments, which are intended to be illustrative only and not to be construed as limiting the invention. Unless otherwise indicated, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and can be performed with reference to the third edition of the original book "bioinformatics and functional genomics" or related books, and bioinformatics software and products used therein are commercially available. Various procedures and methods not described in detail are conventional methods well known in the art, and the sources of materials used, trade names, and components thereof, if necessary, are indicated at the time of first appearance, and the same reagents used thereafter, if not specifically indicated, are the same as those indicated at the time of first appearance.
In addition, it should be noted that the site combination and application provided by the present invention are completed by the inventors of the present application through hard creative work and optimization work.
The features and advantages described in the site combination section above are also applicable to the molecular probe combination, gene chip, kit and application thereof formed based on the site combination, and are not described herein again.
The sheep wool color is classified according to the wool color, and comprises white wool color and black wool color.
The SNP refers to a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) and mainly refers to a DNA sequence Polymorphism caused by a variation of a Single Nucleotide on a genome level, wherein the variation of the Single Nucleotide includes a variation caused by a transition, a transversion, an insertion or a deletion of a Single base.
It should be noted that the molecular markers referred to in the present invention are all heritable and detectable DNA sequences or proteins, including but not limited to molecular markers based on molecular hybridization, such as RFLP, MinisatelliteDNA; molecular markers based on PCR technology, such as RAPD, STS, SSR and scarr; DNA labeling based on restriction and PCR techniques; molecular markers based on DNA chip technology, such as SNP; analytical labeling techniques based on the development of EST databases, and the like. The molecular marker provided by the invention can be used for genome mapping, gene positioning research, map-based gene cloning, species genetic relationship, systematic classification and the like.
The probe of the present invention is a nucleic acid sequence (DNA or RNA) having a detection label and a known sequence, which is complementary to the target gene, such as Taqman-MGB probe.
It should be noted that the kit of the present invention is any one of the cassettes conventionally used in the art, which contains reagents for detection or experiment, and is convenient for operators to be able to get rid of the heavy reagent preparation and optimization process. In one embodiment of the present invention, the primer for amplifying the site information provided by the present invention, the molecular marker or probe or gene chip for detecting the site information provided by the present invention, the enzyme and buffer solution for amplification, or the fluorescent marker for detection are also included.
Example 1 acquisition of SNP site combinations for gross color trait
1. Selection of sheep individuals
In order to achieve a more comprehensive coverage of the domestic and foreign Sheep breeds, the applicant carried out the acquisition of genetic information on 248 Sheep individuals throughout asia, europe, africa and the middle east, including 16 wild Sheep asian moloren breeds, 172 local breeds and 60 breeds, specifically related to the small tailed Sheep, Sishui fur Sheep, big tail han Sheep, hole Sheep, hu Sheep of china jiang, ningxia tan Sheep of china, alexan Sheep of china new jiang, bashme Sheep, dupont Sheep, merino Sheep (fine wool Sheep), merino Sheep (superfine wool Sheep), saffron, zelerian black Sheep, surf Sheep, wagggir Sheep, finland Sheep (filsheep) of finland, weisang Sheep island Sheep (oesnant), teddy Sheep (sheed), sheds (shedullander), soyoho tiger knone, gold island (solhelvet), gotten-down Sheep (gold Sheep), and heaven Sheep (drayagarland), and Sheep (dracawarrio Sheep), and Sheep) Afaham Sheep (Afar Sheep), Nigerl's Muboro Sheep (MbioSheep), Nigeria's Yanka Sheep (Yankasa Sheep), African shorn West African Sheep (West African Dwarf Sheep), Wuda Sheep (Uda Sheep), African Bruna's Jialonka Sheep (Djallonk Sheep), Morse Sheep (Mossi Sheep), Sahler Sheep (Sahalian Sheep), West non-Kernel Sheep (Cameroon Sheep), Irelak Arwashi Sheep (Awassia Sheep), Hadamni Sheep (Hamdani Sheep), Asahi Kanzi Sheep (Makh Sheep), Ashira Sheep Shez-Shez (Shirafay), ganzel Sheep (Ghezel Sheep), Afrika Sheep (Afshii Sheep), Sharl Sheep (Shal Sheep), marqui Sheep (Makui Sheep), mohni Sheep (Moghani Sheep), Karakul Sheep of Pakistan (Karakl Sheep), Asian molar Flon of Iranshenschel.
2. Acquisition of Total SNP set of sheep Whole Gene
A sample of the sheep individual carrying genetic information in step 1, including but not limited to blood, cells, tissue, skin, hair, feces, etc., is collected using methods conventional in the art. Genetic information (such as DNA) in a sample is extracted for high-depth sequencing, the two modes of SAMtools and GATK are compared with a sheep 4.0 reference genome (obtained from NCBI) released in 2015, and a common result obtained by the two modes forms a SNP set, wherein 2836 ten thousand SNP sites are counted and used as a total SNP set of a sheep whole gene.
The genetic information (genetic information) referred to in the present invention means information that an organism replicates the same thing as itself, is transmitted from a parent to a daughter, or is transmitted from a cell to a cell every time each cell divides.
It should be noted that, the high-depth sequencing for extracting genetic information (e.g., DNA) from a sample can be performed by a biological company, such as watson gene, illumina, etc., the high-depth sequencing method is performed by a conventional method in the art or a method of a biological company, in one embodiment of the present invention, the average sequencing depth is-25.7 ×, and the high-depth sequencing is performed by a re-sequencing analysis process.
3. Screening of candidate genes and functional regions thereof
3.1 processing of sheep genetic information samples of different gross colors
Screening sheep varieties with different hair colors, and grouping corresponding genetic information samples according to the obvious difference of the hair color characters of the different sheep varieties, wherein in one embodiment of the invention, the genetic information of Dorper sheep (black) Vs Dorper sheep (white) (BDP verses WDP) is divided into a group, the genetic information of Mueller black Vs Hu sheep (CLS verses HUS) is divided into a group, and the genetic information of GoT verse sheep (GOT verses HUS) is divided into a group.
3.2 processing of genetic information of sheep with different feather colors after grouping
And (2) scanning a functional region related to the hair color by sweeping the multi-locus allele frequency difference between each sheep group through XP-CLR (a Manhattan graph obtained by scanning is shown in figures 1-3, and meanwhile, excavating the functional region related to the hair color in the sheep variety in each group by utilizing a pi ratio (namely a pi value), and then taking the intersection of the two results to screen out the functional region related to the hair color.
Screening genes in the region by referring to published gene research results, finally determining 9 candidate genes GLI3, HPGDS, KIT, MITF, MLPH, PAH, TBX2, PRPF18 and PPARGC1A which are related to hair color and have quite determined functions, and further determining the functional region corresponding to the candidate genes by perl script.
4. Acquisition of wool color SNP site combinations
Searching SNP sites corresponding to the functional region of the candidate gene determined in the step 3 in the total SNP set by utilizing bedtools to obtain a hair color site combination which is associated with 9 hair colors related functional genes comprising GLI3, HPGDS, KIT, MITF, MLPH, PAH, TBX2, PRPF18 and PPARGC1A and only comprises 1941 SNP sites.
Example 2 use of wool SNP site combinations for preparing primer combinations and Probe combinations
The skilled in the art designs a primer according to the sequence information of each site in the trichromatic SNP site combination, and the designed primer is beneficial to secondary structure evaluation and Tm value evaluation, so that the primer which has good specificity and high sensitivity and can realize the detection purpose under the same reaction condition is finally obtained.
The secondary structure and Tm value can be evaluated in any manner commonly used in the art, for example, by using DNA Folding Form, see (http:// unaffind. rna. albany. edu/.
The methods are all conventional methods, and can be obtained according to the site information in the hair color SNP site combination provided by the application without creative labor, so that the primer obtained according to the hair color SNP site combination provided by the application also belongs to the protection scope of the invention.
Similarly, it is within the scope of the present invention to use the combination of wool SNP sites provided by the present invention to prepare probes, such as tanqman probes.
Example 3 analysis of sheep wool color SNP site combination for preparation of Gene chip
The SNP gene chip of the present application is prepared by immobilizing the primer or probe obtained in example 2 on a polymer substrate, such as a nylon membrane, nitrocellulose membrane, plastic, silica gel wafer, micro magnetic bead, etc., or immobilizing the probe on a glass plate, or directly synthesizing the primer or probe obtained in example 2 on a hard surface such as glass, etc., using the same method as the conventional method.
It should be noted that, one skilled in the art can prepare the SNP gene chip for detecting sheep hair color by any method, and also can prepare the SNP gene chip by entrusted to the biology company, but the SNP gene chip prepared based on the hair color SNP site combination provided in the present application is within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 4 sheep fur color analysis kit
The gross SNP detection kit provided by the application comprises primers or probes or gene chips obtained based on the SNP site combination obtained in example 1. According to the type of use, corresponding detection reagents are also included, for example, when the Taqman Probe is obtained based on the SNP site combination obtained in example 1, a buffer, a ligase, AceQUniversal U + Probe Master Mix V2, TaqMan Probe, etc. which are conventionally used in a fluorescent quantitative PCR reaction are also included.
The SNP kit for detecting sheep hair color is configured by persons skilled in the art according to different using modes, but the SNP kit for analyzing sheep hair color configured based on the combination of SNP sites provided by the application is in the protection scope of the invention.
EXAMPLE 5 detection of sheep wool color
Basically, the wool color detection of sheep with known wool color by analyzing the sheep wool color SNP site combination provided in embodiment 1 of the present application specifically comprises:
collecting peripheral blood of a sheep by a conventional method, and extracting whole genome DNA in the peripheral blood to obtain a whole genome DNA sample; a conventional method is adopted to design a gene chip according to site information in the SNP site combination, the whole genome DNA of the sheep is detected, the typing result of each site of each sheep (namely whether each site is homozygote, heterozygote, mutant homozygote or base deletion) is obtained, the frequency value of the typing result of each site is calculated and compared with a population threshold value, and the comparison result shows that the gene detection result is consistent with the wool color of the sheep.
The population threshold value in the present application is obtained by analyzing the white sheep population and the black sheep population, and the method is the same as above.
According to the method, the significance test (independent sample ManWhitney U test) is carried out on the judgment results of the analysis of the white sheep population and the black sheep population, the results are shown in figure 4, as can be seen from the results in the figure, P is less than 0.01, the difference is extremely significant, and the judgment results obtained by the method have accuracy and effectiveness.
Industrial applications
The SNP probe combination, the gene chip and the kit for analyzing the sheep hair color, which can be prepared by the sheep hair color SNP locus combination only consisting of 1941 SNP loci, can be used for analyzing the sheep hair color on a genome level, or carrying out genetic evaluation, variety screening and variety identification to obtain higher breeding value estimation accuracy and control the breeding process, and can also be applied to sheep pedigree reconstruction, sheep variety tracing, germplasm resource protection and germplasm resource improvement.
The above description is only a preferred example for helping understanding the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (7)
- The application of 1.1941 SNP locus combinations in sheep hair color analysis, wherein the locus physical information of the 1941 SNP locus combinations is shown in Table 1, and the physical position information of the locus combinations in the Table 1 is determined based on sheep v4.0 genome sequence alignment.
- 2. The method for analyzing the wool color of sheep comprises the steps of comparing the genotypes of 1941 SNP sites of the genomic DNA of a sheep to be detected with the genotypes of 1941 SNP sites of the genomic DNA of a control sheep; the 1941 SNP sites are the 1941 SNP sites of claim 1.
- 3. Analyzing the sheep hair color by using a molecular probe combination, wherein the molecular probe combination detects SNP locus combinations shown in table 1 in a sample to be detected, and the physical position information of the locus combinations in table 1 is determined based on sheep v4.0 genome sequence alignment.
- 4. A gene chip for analyzing sheep hair color, which is loaded with the molecular probe combination of claim 3.
- 5. A kit for analyzing sheep fur color, which comprises the molecular probe set according to claim 3 or the gene chip according to claim 4.
- 6. A method for analyzing sheep fur color, which is characterized in that a sample to be tested is detected by using the molecular probe combination of claim 3 or the gene chip of claim 4 or the kit of claim 5.
- 7. The use of the molecular probe combination of claim 3 or the gene chip of claim 4 or the kit of claim 5, for any one of the following:(1) the application in sheep hair color evaluation;(2) the application in screening sheep varieties;(3) the application in sheep variety identification;(4) the application in tracing sheep varieties;(5) the application in sheep breeding;(6) the application in germplasm resource protection;(7) the application in germplasm resources improvement;(8) the application in sheep pedigree reconstruction.
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| CN114990226B (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2023-06-09 | 中国农业科学院兰州畜牧与兽药研究所 | SNP locus combination related to diameter of wool fibers of fine wool sheep and application thereof |
| CN116103410A (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-05-12 | 新疆畜牧科学院生物技术研究所（新疆畜牧科学院中国-澳大利亚绵羊育种研究中心） | Breeding method of Babuk sheep and Indel molecular marker of wool color character of Babuk sheep |
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