CN113278230B - Halogen-free flexible material - Google Patents
Halogen-free flexible material Download PDFInfo
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- CN113278230B CN113278230B CN202110663344.0A CN202110663344A CN113278230B CN 113278230 B CN113278230 B CN 113278230B CN 202110663344 A CN202110663344 A CN 202110663344A CN 113278230 B CN113278230 B CN 113278230B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a halogen-free flexible material. The composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of synthetic rubber, 30-50 parts of modified polyurethane, 5-15 parts of reinforcing agent, 3-6 parts of foaming agent, 2-10 parts of vulcanizing agent, 2-5 parts of accelerator and 3-10 parts of cross-linking agent. The invention greatly improves the strength and the compression resilience performance of the material and reduces the density by optimizing the formula of the halogen-free flexible material. The mixed foaming agent component, the mixed reinforcing agent and the cross-linking agent component adopted by the invention have obvious synergistic effect. The product of the invention does not contain halogen, generates little smoke during combustion, and has no corrosion to pipelines, mechanical equipment and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a halogen-free flexible heat insulation material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The heat insulation materials used in the interiors of subways, locomotives and the like need to consider noise reduction, strength improvement, water absorption, compression rebound resilience and the like, and the used soft lining flexible materials are generally rubber materials. In many rubber formulations, blowing agents, reinforcing agents, crosslinking agents, and the like, having specific inherent properties, are used to modify the properties of the polymer or elastomer. The rubber-plastic blended material is adopted, so that the material is endowed with good elastic-plastic property, flexibility, small shrinkage deformation rate and other excellent performances, the performances play an active role in the shock absorption of mechanical equipment, and the material can realize a real shock absorption and noise reduction effect.
The main component of the heat-insulating flexible material is an organic compound, so that the heat-insulating flexible material is easy to burn under the aerobic and high-temperature conditions to generate fire, and the material contains halogen to generate a large amount of smoke. In modern fire, the smoke far has more serious harm to life than flame, and dense smoke generated by burning materials in the fire generally causes harm to human bodies, environment and electronic equipment; opaque smoke can cause difficulty in finding an escape route in time and can obstruct the expansion of fire fighting work, so that the development of a halogen-free heat-insulating flexible material is a proper choice, but halogen-free heat-insulating materials often reduce the strength and the compression resilience performance of the flexible material and reduce the dimensional stability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a halogen-free flexible thermal insulation material and a preparation method thereof.
A halogen-free flexible material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of synthetic rubber, 30-50 parts of modified polyurethane, 5-15 parts of reinforcing agent, 3-6 parts of foaming agent, 2-10 parts of vulcanizing agent, 2-5 parts of accelerator and 3-10 parts of cross-linking agent.
The synthetic rubber is halogen-free artificial synthetic rubber such as styrene butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, ethylene propylene rubber and the like.
The modified polyurethane is prepared by the following preparation method: adding a silane coupling agent, water and ethanol into a reaction container, wherein the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the water to the ethanol is 1: (1-5): (5-15), preheating for 10-20min at 40-50 ℃, heating to 60-70 ℃, adding thermoplastic polyurethane, and reacting for 1-3h to obtain the polyurethane.
The mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the thermoplastic polyurethane is 1: (3-10); the silane coupling agent is one or more of silane coupling agents kh550, kh560, kh590 and G570.
The reinforcing agent is prepared from rice hull ash and ethoxysilane according to a mass ratio of 3:1, mixing the mixture.
The foaming agent is dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine and 4,4' -oxybis-benzenesulfonamide according to the mass ratio of 1:1, mixing the mixture.
The vulcanizing agent is one or more of vulcanizing agent VA-7, hexamethylene diamine carbamate, benzoyl peroxide, sulfur and tetramethyl thiuram disulfide.
The accelerator is zinc dibutyl dithiocarbamate or N, N' -diphenyl thiourea.
The cross-linking agent is triallyl isocyanurate and phenyl dimethyl siloxy cage type silsesquioxane according to the mass ratio of 1:1, mixing the mixture.
A preparation method of a halogen-free flexible material comprises the following specific steps:
(1) According to the weight parts, taking 20-30 parts of synthetic rubber and 20-30 parts of modified polyurethane, adding into an internal mixer, and mixing for 10-15min at the temperature of 120-160 ℃;
(2) Adding the product obtained in the step (1) into an open rubber mixing mill, adding 5-15 parts of reinforcing agent, 3-6 parts of foaming agent, 2-10 parts of vulcanizing agent, 2-5 parts of accelerator and 3-10 parts of cross-linking agent, and mixing for 3-5min at the temperature of 20-35 ℃;
(3) Feeding the foaming material mixture prepared in the step (2) into an extruder, and extruding the formed sheet under the process condition that the temperature of the extruder is 30-50 ℃;
(4) Placing the formed sheet in an oven at 120-160 ℃, vulcanizing and foaming for 60-80min, and cooling;
(5) And cutting the cooled material into finished sheets with the length of 1-4m, and packaging and warehousing.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention greatly improves the strength and the compression resilience performance of the material and reduces the density by optimizing the formula of the halogen-free flexible material. The mixed foaming agent component, the mixed reinforcing agent and the cross-linking agent component adopted by the invention have obvious synergistic effect, and the components support each other in function to supplement respective defects, so that the prepared product can keep higher strength and compression rebound rate. The product of the invention does not contain halogen, generates little smoke during combustion, and has no corrosion to pipelines, mechanical equipment, precise instruments and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows compressive strength of halogen-free flexible material prepared from rice hull ash and ethoxysilane in different proportions.
FIG. 2 shows the apparent density of halogen-free flexible materials prepared from dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine and 4,4' -oxybis-benzenesulfonamide in different ratios.
FIG. 3 shows the compression resilience of halogen-free flexible materials prepared from triallyl isocyanurate and phenyl dimethylsiloxy cage-type silsesquioxane at different ratios.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more fully understood, reference will now be made to the following description. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
EXAMPLE 1 Reinforcement preference
The preparation of the halogen-free flexible material comprises the steps of firstly selecting a reinforcing agent, wherein the reinforcing agent is prepared from rice hull ash and ethoxysilane according to the mass ratio of 5: 1. 4: 1. 3: 1. 2: 1. 1: 1. 1: 2. 1:3 mixed mixtures, and single components; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) According to the weight parts, 40 parts of ethylene propylene rubber and 40 parts of modified polyurethane are added into an internal mixer and mixed for 12min at the temperature of 130 ℃;
the modified polyurethane is prepared by the following preparation method: adding a silane coupling agent kh550, water and ethanol into a reaction container, wherein the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent kh550 to the water to the ethanol is 1:3:10, preheating for 15min at the temperature of 45 ℃, heating to 65 ℃, adding thermoplastic polyurethane, and reacting for 2h to prepare the polyurethane adhesive; the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the thermoplastic polyurethane is 1:6;
(2) Adding the product obtained in the step (1) into an open rubber mixing mill, adding 10 parts of reinforcing agent, 4 parts of dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine, 5 parts of hexamethylene diamine, 3 parts of zinc dibutyl dithiocarbamate and 8 parts of triallyl isocyanurate, and mixing for 4min at the temperature of 32 ℃;
(3) Feeding the foaming material mixture prepared in the step (2) into an extruder, and extruding the formed sheet under the process condition that the temperature of the extruder is 40 ℃;
(4) Placing the formed sheet in an oven at 130 ℃, vulcanizing and foaming for 70min, and then cooling;
(5) And cutting the cooled material into finished sheets with the length of 2m, and packaging and warehousing.
The prepared sample is subjected to compression strength detection, the detection result is shown in figure 1, and the mass ratio of the rice hull ash to the ethoxysilane is 3:1, the material has the maximum compressive strength and the best mechanical property.
EXAMPLE 2 preference of blowing agent
Firstly, selecting a foaming agent, wherein the foaming agent is dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine and 4,4' -oxybis-benzenesulfonamide according to the mass ratio of 3: 1. 2: 1. 1: 1. 1: 2. 1: 3. 1:4 mixed mixtures, and single components; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) According to the weight parts, 40 parts of ethylene propylene rubber and 40 parts of modified polyurethane are added into an internal mixer and mixed for 12min at the temperature of 130 ℃;
the modified polyurethane is prepared by the following preparation method: adding a silane coupling agent kh550, water and ethanol into a reaction container, wherein the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent kh550 to the water to the ethanol is 1:3:10, preheating for 15min at 45 ℃, heating to 65 ℃, adding thermoplastic polyurethane, and reacting for 2h to obtain the polyurethane adhesive; the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the thermoplastic polyurethane is 1:6;
(2) Adding the product obtained in the step (1) into an open rubber mixing mill, adding 10 parts of reinforcing agent, 4 parts of foaming agent, 5 parts of hexamethylene diamine carbamate, 3 parts of zinc dibutyl dithiocarbamate and 8 parts of triallyl isocyanurate, and mixing for 4min at the temperature of 32 ℃; the reinforcing agent is prepared from rice hull ash and ethoxysilane according to a mass ratio of 3:1, mixing the mixture;
(3) Feeding the foaming material mixture prepared in the step (2) into an extruder, and extruding the formed sheet under the process condition that the temperature of the extruder is 40 ℃;
(4) Placing the formed sheet in an oven at 130 ℃, vulcanizing and foaming for 70min, and cooling;
(5) And cutting the cooled material into finished sheets with the length of 2m, and packaging and warehousing.
The apparent density of the prepared sample was measured according to the specification of GB/T17794-2008, and the measurement results are shown in FIG. 2, wherein the mass ratio of dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine to 4,4' -oxybis-benzenesulfonamide is 1: when 1, the apparent density is the minimum, and the apparent density of the single component is larger; dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine and 4,4' -oxybis-benzenesulfonamide are combined for use, and the synergistic effect is obvious.
EXAMPLE 3 preference of crosslinking agent
Preparing a halogen-free flexible material, wherein a cross-linking agent is selected from triallyl isocyanurate and phenyl dimethyl siloxy cage type silsesquioxane according to the mass ratio of 3: 1. 2: 1. 1: 1. 1: 2. 1: 3. 1:4 mixed mixtures, and single components; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) According to the weight parts, 40 parts of ethylene propylene rubber and 40 parts of modified polyurethane are added into an internal mixer and mixed for 12min at the temperature of 130 ℃;
the modified polyurethane is prepared by the following preparation method: adding a silane coupling agent kh550, water and ethanol into a reaction container, wherein the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent kh550 to the water to the ethanol is 1:3:10, preheating for 15min at 45 ℃, heating to 65 ℃, adding thermoplastic polyurethane, and reacting for 2h to obtain the polyurethane adhesive; the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the thermoplastic polyurethane is 1:6;
(2) Adding the product obtained in the step (1) into an open rubber mixing mill, adding 10 parts of reinforcing agent, 4 parts of foaming agent, 5 parts of hexamethylene diamine carbamate, 3 parts of zinc dibutyl dithiocarbamate and 8 parts of cross-linking agent, and mixing for 4min at the temperature of 32 ℃; the reinforcing agent is prepared from rice hull ash and ethoxysilane according to a mass ratio of 3:1, mixing the mixture; the foaming agent is dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine and 4,4' -oxybis-benzenesulfonamide according to the mass ratio of 1:1, mixing the mixture;
(3) Feeding the foaming material mixture prepared in the step (2) into an extruder, and extruding the formed sheet under the process condition that the temperature of the extruder is 40 ℃;
(4) Placing the formed sheet in an oven at 130 ℃, vulcanizing and foaming for 70min, and cooling;
(5) And cutting the cooled material into finished sheets with the length of 2m, and packaging and warehousing.
The prepared sample was tested for compression rebound (50% compression, 72 hours compression) according to the specification of GB/T17794-2008, and the test results are shown in fig. 3, where the mass ratio of triallyl isocyanurate to phenyldimethylsiloxy cage-type silsesquioxane is 1:1, the compression rebound rate is the largest, and single components are the smallest, so that the fact that the triallyl isocyanurate and the phenyl dimethyl siloxy cage-type silsesquioxane are used in combination is proved to have obvious synergistic effect.
According to the unchanged experimental conditions, unmodified thermoplastic polyurethane is used as a preparation raw material, and the mass ratio of triallyl isocyanurate to phenyl dimethylsiloxy cage-type silsesquioxane is 1:1, the final compression rebound was 83.2% and 88.3% for the modified polyurethane.
Example 4 best mode for carrying out the invention
The halogen-free flexible material is prepared by the following steps:
(1) According to the weight parts, 40 parts of ethylene propylene rubber and 40 parts of modified polyurethane are added into an internal mixer and mixed for 12min at the temperature of 130 ℃;
the modified polyurethane is prepared by the following preparation method: adding a silane coupling agent kh550, water and ethanol into a reaction container, wherein the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent kh550 to the water to the ethanol is 1:3:10, preheating for 15min at the temperature of 45 ℃, heating to 65 ℃, adding thermoplastic polyurethane, and reacting for 2h to prepare the polyurethane adhesive; the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the thermoplastic polyurethane is 1:6;
(2) Adding the product obtained in the step (1) into an open rubber mixing mill, adding 10 parts of reinforcing agent, 4 parts of foaming agent, 5 parts of hexamethylene diamine carbamate, 3 parts of zinc dibutyl dithiocarbamate and 8 parts of cross-linking agent, and mixing for 4min at the temperature of 32 ℃; the reinforcing agent is prepared from rice hull ash and ethoxysilane according to a mass ratio of 3:1, mixing the mixture; the foaming agent is dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine and 4,4' -oxybis-benzenesulfonamide according to the mass ratio of 1:1, mixing the mixture; the cross-linking agent is triallyl isocyanurate and phenyl dimethyl siloxy cage type silsesquioxane according to the mass ratio of 1:1, mixing the mixture;
(3) Feeding the foaming material mixture prepared in the step (2) into an extruder, and extruding the formed sheet under the process condition that the temperature of the extruder is 40 ℃;
(4) Placing the formed sheet in an oven at 130 ℃, vulcanizing and foaming for 70min, and cooling;
(5) And cutting the cooled material into finished sheets with the length of 2m, and packaging and warehousing the finished sheets.
Example 5
The halogen-free flexible material is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Adding 35 parts of styrene butadiene rubber and 35 parts of modified polyurethane into an internal mixer according to parts by weight, and mixing for 15min at the temperature of 135 ℃;
the modified polyurethane is prepared by the following preparation method: adding a silane coupling agent kh550, water and ethanol into a reaction container, wherein the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent kh550 to the water to the ethanol is 1:3:10, preheating for 15min at the temperature of 45 ℃, heating to 65 ℃, adding thermoplastic polyurethane, and reacting for 2h to prepare the polyurethane adhesive; the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the thermoplastic polyurethane is 1:6;
(2) Adding the product obtained in the step (1) into an open rubber mixing mill, adding 10 parts of reinforcing agent, 4 parts of foaming agent, 5 parts of benzoyl peroxide, 3 parts of N, N' -diphenyl thiourea and 8 parts of cross-linking agent, and mixing for 5min at the temperature of 32 ℃; the reinforcing agent is prepared from rice hull ash and ethoxysilane according to a mass ratio of 3:1, mixing the mixture; the foaming agent is dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine and 4,4' -oxybis-benzenesulfonamide according to the mass ratio of 1:1, mixing the mixture; the cross-linking agent is triallyl isocyanurate and phenyl dimethyl siloxy cage type silsesquioxane according to the mass ratio of 1:1, mixing the mixture;
(3) Feeding the foaming material mixture prepared in the step (2) into an extruder, and extruding the formed sheet under the process condition that the temperature of the extruder is 40 ℃;
(4) Placing the formed sheet in a 135 ℃ oven, vulcanizing and foaming for 70min, and cooling;
(5) And cutting the cooled material into finished sheets with the length of 3m, and packaging and warehousing.
Example 6
The halogen-free flexible material is prepared by the following steps:
(1) Adding 50 parts by weight of isoprene rubber and 30 parts by weight of modified polyurethane into an internal mixer, and mixing for 10min at the temperature of 125 ℃;
the modified polyurethane is prepared by the following preparation method: adding a silane coupling agent kh550, water and ethanol into a reaction container, wherein the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent kh550 to the water to the ethanol is 1:3:8, preheating for 15min at the temperature of 45 ℃, heating to 62 ℃, adding thermoplastic polyurethane, and reacting for 2h to prepare the polyurethane adhesive; the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the thermoplastic polyurethane is 1:6;
(2) Adding the product obtained in the step (1) into an open rubber mixing mill, adding 10 parts of reinforcing agent, 4 parts of foaming agent, 6 parts of hexamethylene diamine carbamate, 4 parts of zinc dibutyl dithiocarbamate and 8 parts of cross-linking agent, and mixing for 3min at the temperature of 32 ℃; the reinforcing agent is prepared from rice hull ash and ethoxysilane according to a mass ratio of 3:1, mixing the mixture; the foaming agent is dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine and 4,4' -oxybis-benzenesulfonamide according to the mass ratio of 1:1, mixing the mixture; the cross-linking agent is triallyl isocyanurate and phenyl dimethyl siloxy cage type silsesquioxane according to the mass ratio of 1:1, mixing the mixture;
(3) Feeding the foaming material mixture prepared in the step (2) into an extruder, and extruding the formed sheet under the process condition that the temperature of the extruder is 45 ℃;
(4) Placing the formed sheet in a drying oven at 128 ℃, and cooling after vulcanizing and foaming for 70 min;
(5) And cutting the cooled material into finished sheets with the length of 2m, and packaging and warehousing.
Example 7
The halogen-free flexible material is prepared by the following steps:
(1) According to the weight parts, taking 45 parts of butadiene rubber and 45 parts of modified polyurethane, adding the materials into an internal mixer, and mixing for 14min at the temperature of 132 ℃;
the modified polyurethane is prepared by the following preparation method: adding a silane coupling agent kh550, water and ethanol into a reaction container, wherein the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent kh550 to the water to the ethanol is 1:2:6, preheating for 15min at 45 ℃, heating to 60 ℃, adding thermoplastic polyurethane, and reacting for 2h to obtain the polyurethane adhesive; the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the thermoplastic polyurethane is 1:5;
(2) Adding the product obtained in the step (1) into an open rubber mixing mill, adding 8 parts of reinforcing agent, 4 parts of foaming agent, 5 parts of hexamethylene diamine carbamate, 3 parts of zinc dibutyl dithiocarbamate and 8 parts of cross-linking agent, and mixing for 4min at the temperature of 32 ℃; the reinforcing agent is prepared from rice hull ash and ethoxysilane according to a mass ratio of 3:1, mixing the mixture; the foaming agent is dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine and 4,4' -oxybis-benzenesulfonamide according to the mass ratio of 1:1, mixing the mixture; the cross-linking agent is triallyl isocyanurate and phenyl dimethyl siloxy cage type silsesquioxane according to the mass ratio of 1:1, mixing the mixture;
(3) Feeding the foaming material mixture prepared in the step (2) into an extruder, and extruding the formed sheet under the process condition that the temperature of the extruder is 42 ℃;
(4) Placing the formed sheet in a drying oven at 138 ℃, vulcanizing and foaming for 75min, and cooling;
(5) And cutting the cooled material into finished sheets with the length of 4m, and packaging and warehousing.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be understood as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The halogen-free flexible material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of synthetic rubber, 30-50 parts of modified polyurethane, 5-15 parts of reinforcing agent, 3-6 parts of foaming agent, 2-10 parts of vulcanizing agent, 2-5 parts of accelerator and 3-10 parts of cross-linking agent;
the synthetic rubber is styrene butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber and ethylene propylene rubber;
the reinforcing agent is prepared from rice hull ash and ethoxysilane according to a mass ratio of 3:1, mixing the mixture;
the foaming agent is dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine and 4,4' -oxybis-benzenesulfonamide according to the mass ratio of 1:1, mixing the mixture;
the cross-linking agent is triallyl isocyanurate and phenyl dimethyl siloxy cage type silsesquioxane according to the mass ratio of 1:1, mixing the mixture;
the vulcanizing agent is one or more of vulcanizing agent VA-7, hexamethylene diamine carbamate, benzoyl peroxide, sulfur and tetramethyl thiuram disulfide;
the modified polyurethane is prepared by the following preparation method: adding a silane coupling agent, water and ethanol into a reaction container, wherein the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the water to the ethanol is 1: (1-5): (5-15), preheating for 10-20min at 40-50 ℃, heating to 60-70 ℃, adding thermoplastic polyurethane, and reacting for 1-3h to obtain the polyurethane.
2. The halogen-free flexible material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of the silane coupling agent to the thermoplastic polyurethane is 1: (3-10); the silane coupling agent is one or more of silane coupling agents kh550, kh560, kh590 and G570.
3. The halogen-free flexible material of claim 1, wherein the accelerator is zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate or N, N' -diphenylthiourea.
4. A method for preparing the halogen-free flexible material as defined in any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the specific steps are as follows:
(1) According to the weight parts, taking 20-30 parts of synthetic rubber and 20-30 parts of modified polyurethane, adding into an internal mixer, and mixing for 10-15min at the temperature of 120-160 ℃;
(2) Adding the product obtained in the step (1) into an open rubber mixing mill, adding 5-15 parts of reinforcing agent, 3-6 parts of foaming agent, 2-10 parts of vulcanizing agent, 2-5 parts of accelerator and 3-10 parts of cross-linking agent, and mixing for 3-5min at the temperature of 20-35 ℃;
(3) Feeding the foaming material mixture prepared in the step (2) into an extruder, and extruding the formed sheet under the process condition that the temperature of the extruder is 30-50 ℃;
(4) Placing the formed sheet in an oven at 120-160 ℃, vulcanizing and foaming for 60-80min, and cooling;
(5) And cutting the cooled material into finished sheets with the length of 1-4m, and packaging and warehousing.
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CN107151373A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-09-12 | 美瑞新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of expanded material composition with high resilience and preparation method thereof |
CN108003483A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-08 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | Flame retardant flexible sound insulating material and its preparation method and application |
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CN105860284A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-08-17 | 安徽中鼎橡塑制品有限公司 | Thermoplastic vulcanized rubber material for automobile turning dust cover and preparation method of thermoplastic vulcanized rubber material |
CN107151373A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-09-12 | 美瑞新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of expanded material composition with high resilience and preparation method thereof |
CN108003483A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-08 | 国网湖南省电力有限公司 | Flame retardant flexible sound insulating material and its preparation method and application |
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