CN113278129A - Low-dynamic heat-generation polyurethane elastomer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-dynamic heat-generation polyurethane elastomer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113278129A CN113278129A CN202110702661.9A CN202110702661A CN113278129A CN 113278129 A CN113278129 A CN 113278129A CN 202110702661 A CN202110702661 A CN 202110702661A CN 113278129 A CN113278129 A CN 113278129A
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- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000010920 waste tyre Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical group OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical group C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229920001730 Moisture cure polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
- C08G18/7664—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups
- C08G18/7671—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings containing alkylene polyphenyl groups containing only one alkylene bisphenyl group
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
- C08G18/12—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step using two or more compounds having active hydrogen in the first polymerisation step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4266—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain prepared from hydroxycarboxylic acids and/or lactones
- C08G18/4269—Lactones
- C08G18/4277—Caprolactone and/or substituted caprolactone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/67—Unsaturated compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/69—Polymers of conjugated dienes
- C08G18/698—Mixtures with compounds of group C08G18/40
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of polyurethane elastic materials, in particular to a low-dynamic-heat-generation polyurethane elastomer and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, through reasonable formula design, the waste tire rubber powder is introduced to reduce the microphase separation degree, so that the prepared polyurethane elastomer material has higher tensile strength and lower dynamic heat generation; the waste tire rubber powder used in the invention can realize the preparation of the dynamically-heated polyurethane elastomer with low cost, and has great market advantages.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of polyurethane elastic materials, in particular to a low-dynamic-heat-generation polyurethane elastomer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer has the excellent performances of high strength, tear resistance, wear resistance, oil resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and the like, and is a widely applied high polymer material. However, when subjected to alternating stresses of a certain frequency and amplitude, the polyurethane generally experiences hysteresis effects, resulting in a certain degree of dynamic heating; when the dynamic heat generation is large, the mechanical property, the wear resistance and other properties of the polyurethane elastomer are even deteriorated, and the service life of the material is shortened. The waste tire rubber powder is added, so that the dynamic heat generation problem of the polyurethane elastomer can be obviously reduced, the mechanical strength of the polyurethane elastomer can be improved, the resource utilization of the waste tire rubber powder is realized, and the low-cost preparation of the low-dynamic heat generation polyurethane elastomer is facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a low-dynamic-heat-generation polyurethane elastomer and a preparation method thereof, aiming at realizing the resource utilization of waste tire rubber powder, and the polyurethane elastomer with high strength and low dynamic heat generation can be prepared.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a low dynamic heat generation polyurethane elastomer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight,
100 parts of diisocyanate, 240-270 parts of polyester polyol, 18-24 parts of alcohol chain extender, 5-26 parts of waste tire rubber powder and 0.01-0.5 part of catalyst.
By adopting the technical scheme, the waste tire rubber powder is introduced into the polyurethane elastomer to reduce the microphase separation degree of the polyurethane, so that the prepared polyurethane elastomer has higher tensile strength and lower dynamic heat generation.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the diisocyanate is 4,4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate. By adopting the technical scheme, the waste tire rubber powder reacts with the diisocyanate and is uniformly dispersed in the polyurethane matrix, so that the mechanical strength of the polyurethane elastomer material can be greatly improved, and the dynamic heat generation of the polyurethane elastomer material is reduced.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the polyester polyol is polycaprolactone polyol, the functionality of the polyester polyol is 2, and the relative molecular mass range is 1000-4000 g/moL. By adopting the technical scheme, the polyurethane elastomer with different aggregation state structures is prepared based on the design of the polyurethane molecular structure, so that the performance of the product presents gradient change, and the polyurethane elastomer has the characteristics of higher tensile strength and lower dynamic heat generation, and meets the use of different environmental conditions.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the waste tire rubber powder is prepared by crushing and grinding at normal temperature, and the particle size range of the waste tire rubber powder is 40-200 meshes.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the catalyst is dibutyltin dilaurate or stannous octoate. By adopting the technical scheme, the performance of the selected catalyst material is stable, the synthesis of the polyurethane prepolymer can be catalyzed, the reaction rate is accelerated, and the synthesized polyurethane prepolymer is stable.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the invention, the alcohol chain extender is 1, 4-butanediol. By adopting the technical scheme, the chain extender has lower activity, and is beneficial to fully mixing the prepared polyurethane prepolymer with the chain extender, so that the synthesized polyurethane elastomer product has neat appearance and stable performance.
In order to illustrate the present invention more clearly, the present invention provides a method for preparing the low dynamic heat-generating polyurethane elastomer, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: vacuum drying the waste tire rubber powder for 10-12 h at the temperature of 80-100 ℃ for later use;
step two: vacuumizing and dehydrating polyester polyol at the temperature of 110-120 ℃ for 2-2.5h, cooling to 60-70 ℃, adding the waste tire rubber powder in corresponding parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed polyol;
step three: uniformly mixing diisocyanate, a catalyst and the mixed polyol in parts by weight at 60 ℃, heating to 80-90 ℃, reacting for 2.5-3 hours to obtain a prepolymer, carrying out defoaming treatment, and sealing for later use;
step four: adding the alcohol chain extender in the corresponding weight portion into the prepolymer subjected to defoaming treatment, uniformly mixing, then quickly pouring into a mold, keeping the temperature of 100 and 110 ℃ for hot-pressing reaction and molding after the gel point is reached, demolding after 40min, and curing at 100 ℃ for 24h to obtain a finished product.
The invention also aims to provide the preparation method of the low-dynamic-heat-generation polyurethane elastomer, and the polyurethane elastomer prepared by the method has the advantages of high tensile strength and low dynamic heat generation.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the preparation method, the mixing process of the waste tire rubber powder and the polyester polyol is carried out in a planetary vacuum stirrer; the rotating speed is 1000r/min, and the time is 600-1000 s.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the preparation method, the step of defoaming treatment comprises the step of placing the prepolymer in a planetary vacuum stirrer at the rotating speed of 1200r/min for 10 min.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme of the preparation method, the alcohol chain extender and the prepolymer are mixed in a planetary vacuum stirrer at the rotating speed of 1200r/min for 30-150 s.
By adopting the technical scheme, the preparation method provided by the invention is simple and easy to control in operation, relatively mild in required reaction conditions, capable of obtaining the polyurethane elastomer with higher tensile strength and lower dynamic heat generation, and suitable for large-scale industrial production and application.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the low dynamic heat generation polyurethane elastomer provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, through reasonable formula design, the waste tire rubber powder is introduced to reduce the microphase separation degree of the polyurethane matrix, so that the prepared polyurethane elastomer material has higher tensile strength and lower dynamic heat generation;
(2) the waste tire rubber powder used in the invention can realize the preparation of the dynamically-heated polyurethane elastomer with low cost, and has larger market competitiveness.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a Cole-Cole curve of the polyurethane elastomer prepared.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Examples 1 to 4: the polyurethane elastomer with low dynamic heat generation is prepared by the following steps of:
(1) vacuumizing polycaprolactone polyol at 110 ℃ for dehydration for 2.5h, and cooling to 60-70 ℃; then uniformly mixing the rubber powder and the polyester polyol in parts by weight in a planetary vacuum mixer to obtain mixed polyol;
(2) adding the mixed polyol into a three-neck flask, adding corresponding parts by weight of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and dibutyltin dilaurate, heating to 80-85 ℃, stirring for reaction for 3 hours to synthesize a polyurethane prepolymer, defoaming in a planetary vacuum stirrer for 10min (1200r/min), and sealing for later use;
(3) and (3) adding 1, 4-butanediol in corresponding weight parts into the prepolymer obtained in the step (2), uniformly mixing (1200r/min, 100s) in a planetary vacuum stirrer, quickly pouring into a mould, keeping the temperature at 100 ℃ for hot press molding (10MPa), demoulding after 40min, and curing at 100 ℃ for 24h to obtain a finished product.
Comparative example 1: a low dynamic heat generation polyurethane elastomer is different from the polyurethane elastomers in the embodiments 1-4 in that no rubber powder is added in the step (1).
Comparative example 2: a low dynamic heat generation polyurethane elastomer, which is different from the polyurethane elastomer of example 2 in that:
firstly, synthesizing a polyurethane elastomer by adopting polycaprolactone polyol, 4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate, dibutyltin dilaurate and 1, 4-butanediol in corresponding parts by weight in example 2 according to the steps of comparative example 1;
melting and blending the rubber powder and the polyurethane elastomer synthesized in the step (1) in an internal mixer (180 ℃, 10min), then hot-pressing into sheets (10MPa, 180 ℃, 5min), and cold-pressing (10MPa) to room temperature to obtain the finished product.
TABLE 1 formulation for the preparation of a low dynamic heat-generating polyurethane elastomer
Some of the performance data for the above comparative examples and examples are shown in table 2. In the table, the heat generation index and the storage modulus retention rate refer to the loss tangent value ratio and the storage modulus ratio of the prepared elastomer at 90 ℃ and 30 ℃, respectively, and the smaller the DHGI, the higher the SMRR and the smaller the dynamic heat generation of the polyurethane elastomer. It can be seen that the higher the rubber powder content in the in-situ synthesized polyurethane elastomer, the lower the dynamic heat generation. The reason is that the rubber powder participates in the synthesis reaction of polyurethane, and is uniformly distributed in a polyurethane matrix in a network form, so that the microphase separation of the polyurethane is reduced (as shown in figure 1), and the prepared polyurethane elastomer has a special aggregation state structure. In addition, comparative example 2 fully demonstrates that the lower dynamic heat generation of the prepared polyurethane elastomer is related to the aggregation state structure thereof and is unrelated to the low dynamic heat generation of rubber powder, and the polyurethane elastomer containing the same content of rubber powder has different aggregation state structures and naturally different dynamic heat generation performance due to different processing modes.
TABLE 2 partial Performance data for examples and comparative examples
FIG. 2 is a Cole-Cole curve of the polyurethane elastomer prepared. Obviously, the Cole-Cole curve of the polyurethane elastomer synthesized in the example is obviously different from that of the comparative example, and basically has a relaxation circular arc at a lower temperature, so that the microphase separation degree is lower, and the fact that the network-shaped uniform distribution of rubber powder in a polyurethane matrix is indirectly illustrated.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A low dynamic heat-generation polyurethane elastomer is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight,
100 parts of diisocyanate, 240-270 parts of polyester polyol, 18-24 parts of alcohol chain extender, 5-26 parts of waste tire rubber powder and 0.01-0.5 part of catalyst.
2. The low dynamic heat-generating polyurethane elastomer according to claim 1, wherein the diisocyanate is 4,4' diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
3. The low dynamic heat-generating polyurethane elastomer according to claim 1, wherein the polyester polyol is polycaprolactone polyol, and the polyester polyol has a functionality of 2 and a relative molecular mass of 1000 to 4000 g/moL.
4. The low-dynamic green heat polyurethane elastomer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the waste tire rubber powder is prepared by grinding and grinding at normal temperature, and the particle size range of the waste tire rubber powder is 40-200 meshes.
5. The low dynamic heat-generating polyurethane elastomer according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst is dibutyltin dilaurate or stannous octoate.
6. The low dynamic heat generation polyurethane elastomer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the alcohol chain extender is 1, 4-butanediol.
7. The process for preparing a polyurethane elastomer with low dynamic heat generation according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: vacuum drying the waste tire rubber powder for 10-12 h at the temperature of 80-100 ℃ for later use;
step two: vacuumizing and dehydrating polyester polyol at the temperature of 110-120 ℃ for 2-2.5h, cooling to 60-70 ℃, adding the waste tire rubber powder in corresponding parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed polyol;
step three: uniformly mixing diisocyanate, a catalyst and the mixed polyol in parts by weight at 60 ℃, heating to 80-90 ℃, reacting for 2.5-3 hours to obtain a prepolymer, carrying out defoaming treatment, and sealing for later use;
step four: adding the alcohol chain extender in the corresponding weight portion into the prepolymer subjected to defoaming treatment, uniformly mixing, then quickly pouring into a mold, keeping the temperature of 100 and 110 ℃ for hot-pressing reaction and molding after the gel point is reached, demolding after 40min, and curing at 100 ℃ for 24h to obtain a finished product.
8. The preparation method of the polyurethane elastomer with low dynamic heat generation as claimed in claim 7, wherein the mixing process of the waste tire rubber powder and the polyester polyol is carried out in a planetary vacuum mixer; the rotating speed is 1000r/min, and the time is 600-1000 s.
9. The method for preparing the polyurethane elastomer with low dynamic heat generation as claimed in claim 7, wherein the step of defoaming comprises placing the prepolymer in a planetary vacuum mixer at 1200r/min for 10 min.
10. The preparation method of the polyurethane elastomer with low dynamic heat generation as claimed in claim 7, wherein the mixing of the alcohol chain extender and the prepolymer is carried out in a planetary vacuum mixer at a rotation speed of 1200r/min for 30-150 s.
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Cited By (1)
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113980231A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-01-28 | 上海汇得科技股份有限公司 | Polyurethane tire based on mixed acid polyester polyol and waste rubber powder and preparation method thereof |
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