CN113277784B - Pumice concrete with electromagnetic wave absorption function - Google Patents
Pumice concrete with electromagnetic wave absorption function Download PDFInfo
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- CN113277784B CN113277784B CN202110574434.2A CN202110574434A CN113277784B CN 113277784 B CN113277784 B CN 113277784B CN 202110574434 A CN202110574434 A CN 202110574434A CN 113277784 B CN113277784 B CN 113277784B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
- C04B40/0046—Premixtures of ingredients characterised by their processing, e.g. sequence of mixing the ingredients when preparing the premixtures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00258—Electromagnetic wave absorbing or shielding materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention discloses pumice concrete with an electromagnetic wave absorption function, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-35wt% of cement, 15-35wt% of sand, 35-40wt% of wave-absorbing material and the balance of water. The wave-absorbing material is a composite material of pumice aggregate, PEDOT, reduced graphene oxide and ferroferric oxide particles, the particle size range of the pumice aggregate is 3-15 mm, the porosity is more than 75%, the internal pore diameter is 5-120 microns, the number of layers of the reduced graphene oxide is 1-8 layers, the transverse size range is 1-20 microns, the particle size of the ferroferric oxide particles is 20-100 nm, the purity is more than 90%, and the mass ratio of the pumice aggregate to the PEDOT to the reduced graphene oxide to the ferroferric oxide is 1: (0.05-0.15): (0.15-0.35): (0.05-0.15). The invention also provides a preparation method of the pumice concrete with the electromagnetic wave absorption function, and particularly relates to a method for chemically depositing and reducing graphene oxide and ferroferric oxide particles in pumice aggregates, which is simple in preparation process and can effectively improve the absorption performance of the pumice concrete to electromagnetic waves.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building wave-absorbing materials, in particular to pumice concrete with an electromagnetic wave absorption function.
Background
With the increasing electromagnetic pollution, building materials capable of absorbing microwaves are in urgent need in various fields, such as electromagnetic compatibility, computer security, electromagnetic radiation protection, military and so on. The development of wave-absorbing building materials, particularly concrete, in recent years mainly depends on the research and development of wave-absorbing agents, the currently adopted wave-absorbing agents mainly comprise carbon powder, graphite, silicon carbide, ferrite, various nano materials and the like, but the wave-absorbing agents only stay at the stage of improving the performance of the wave-absorbing agents by doping different materials, and the performance of the concrete for absorbing electromagnetic waves is rarely improved from the aspect of improving the structure of the wave-absorbing materials. For pumice concrete, the pumice aggregate has certain strength and high porosity, and the high-porosity structure has a certain foundation for converting electromagnetic waves into absorption after multiple reflections in pores, but has the defects that the pumice aggregate does not have conductivity, and the energy of the electromagnetic waves reflected once is less, so that the electromagnetic waves cannot be effectively absorbed.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a pumice concrete with electromagnetic wave absorption function and a method for preparing the same, which solves the above-mentioned problems of the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides pumice concrete with an electromagnetic wave absorption function, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-35wt% of cement, 15-35wt% of sand, 35-40wt% of wave-absorbing material and the balance of water. The wave-absorbing material is a composite material of pumice aggregate, PEDOT, reduced graphene oxide and ferroferric oxide particles.
Preferably, the particle size range of the pumice aggregate is 3-15 mm, the porosity is more than 75%, and the internal pore diameter is 5-120 mu m.
Preferably, the number of layers of the reduced graphene oxide is 1-8, and the transverse dimension range is 1-20 μm.
Preferably, the particle size of the ferroferric oxide particles is between 20 and 100 nm, and the purity is more than 90 percent.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the pumice aggregate to the PEDOT to the reduced graphene oxide to the ferroferric oxide is 1: (0.05-0.15): (0.15-0.35): (0.05-0.15).
The invention also provides a preparation method of the pumice concrete with the electromagnetic wave absorption function, which comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a wave-absorbing material: firstly, completely immersing the pumice aggregate into 1-15 mg/mL of PEDOT: the PSS conducting polymer is taken out and dried in a PSS conducting polymer aqueous solution for 3-10 min, and then is immersed in a dilute sulfuric acid solution for 5-20 min to remove the non-conducting PSS, and the composite material of pumice aggregate-PEDOT is obtained after the PSS conducting polymer aqueous solution is washed clean and dried; then completely immersing pumice aggregates with positively charged pore walls into a solution of graphene oxide and a reducing agent, stirring and heating the solution to perform a reaction of reducing the graphene oxide, wherein the negatively charged reduced graphene oxide is preferentially deposited on the surface of PEDOT through electrostatic adsorption, and after full reaction, completely taking out all the pumice aggregates, washing the pumice aggregates clean, and drying the pumice aggregates to obtain a pumice aggregate-PEDOT-reduced graphene oxide composite material; finally, the composite material is poured into Fe 2+ And Fe 3+ Stirring and heating the mixed solution, adding an alkaline reagent when the temperature reaches 45-65 ℃ and reacting for 5-15 min, namely preparing ferroferric oxide particles by a coprecipitation method; filtering, washing and drying the reacted pumice aggregate to obtain pumice aggregate-PEDOT-reduced graphite oxideA composite material of alkene-ferroferric oxide particles, namely a wave absorbing material;
b. mixing: placing cement, sand, a wave-absorbing material and water in a stirrer for stirring;
c. casting: filling the uniformly stirred materials into a mould, vibrating and filling, and demoulding to obtain the pumice concrete with the electromagnetic wave absorption function.
Preferably, the concentration of the graphene oxide solution is 5-20 mg/mL.
Preferably, the reducing agent is a metal salt solution with weak reducibility, preferably sodium borohydride, sodium hypophosphite, trisodium citrate or ascorbic acid.
Preferably, the temperature of the graphene reduction and oxidation reaction is 80-150 ℃.
Preferably, said Fe 2+ With said Fe 3+ In a molar ratio of 1: (1.5-2.5).
Preferably, the alkaline agent is ammonia or a strong alkaline solution.
Preferably, the amount of the alkaline agent added is preferably 8.5 to 10, based on the pH of the reaction solution.
Preferably, the stirring speed for preparing the ferroferric oxide particles by the graphene reduction-oxidation reaction and the coprecipitation method is 500-3500 r/min.
Preferably, the washing reagent is water or ethanol, and the drying temperature is 50-80 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) Firstly, a layer of conductive polymer PEDOT with positive charges on the surface is coated on the hole wall of the pumice aggregate in a dip-coating mode, so that the conductivity of the pumice aggregate is guaranteed, and a foundation is laid for depositing reduced graphene oxide in a static adsorption mode in the next step. Compared with simple van der waals force combination, the composite material prepared by the electrostatic adsorption mode is firmer, and the stability of the material is better.
(2) The pumice aggregate-PEDOT-reduced graphene oxide composite structure is prepared by reducing graphene oxide on the basis of pumice aggregate-PEDOT. Deposited reduced graphene oxide devicesIs provided with 10 4 The ultrahigh conductivity of S/cm improves the energy of single reflection of electromagnetic waves on the wall of the pumice aggregate hole, and then the electromagnetic waves are reflected for multiple times and absorbed by utilizing the internal pore structure which is approximately closed by the pumice aggregate; meanwhile, as the hole wall of the pumice aggregate has certain conductivity, the electromagnetic waves can form multiple reflections between the outer walls of the holes. The double multiple reflection structure can effectively absorb the energy of the electromagnetic wave.
(3) Since the ferroferric oxide particles are a magnetic material capable of absorbing electromagnetic waves, the incompletely absorbed electromagnetic waves can be further absorbed. In order to further absorb the energy of electromagnetic waves, ferroferric oxide particles are deposited on the basis of the reduced graphene oxide, and a four-layer composite structure of pumice aggregate-PEDOT-reduced graphene oxide-ferroferric oxide particles is prepared. At a preferred temperature of 45-64 deg.C, pH =8.5-10 and Fe 2+ With Fe 3+ In a molar ratio of 1: (1.5-2.5) the particle size of the prepared ferroferric oxide particles can be stably controlled to be 40-80 nm, the proper particle size can not be agglomerated into large particles, the high specific surface energy of the ferroferric oxide particles can promote the ferroferric oxide particles to be preferentially deposited on the surface of the reduced graphene oxide with the same high specific surface energy, and finally the prepared composite material is more uniform and compact.
(4) The reduced graphene oxide particles and the ferroferric oxide particles deposited in the pumice aggregate have good flexibility and strong hardness respectively, and the strength and the toughness of the aggregate can be further improved after the reduced graphene oxide particles and the ferroferric oxide particles are compounded, so that the mechanical property of a concrete structure is ensured.
(5) PEDOT: PSS, graphene oxide, reducing agent, fe 2+ And Fe 3+ The solution and the alkaline reagent are materials which are easily obtained in the market, are economical and harmless, and have simple preparation process.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
The invention provides pumice concrete with an electromagnetic wave absorption function, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20wt% of cement, 35wt% of sand, 35wt% of wave-absorbing material and the balance of water. The wave-absorbing material is a composite material of pumice aggregate, PEDOT, reduced graphene oxide and ferroferric oxide particles. Wherein the particle size of the pumice aggregate is 3 mm, the porosity is more than 75 percent, and the internal pore diameter is 5 mu m; the number of layers of the reduced graphene oxide is 1, and the transverse dimension is 1 mu m; the particle size of the ferroferric oxide particles is 20 nm, and the purity is more than 90%; the mass ratio of the pumice aggregate to the PEDOT to the reduced graphene oxide to the ferroferric oxide is 1:0.05:0.15:0.05.
the invention also provides a preparation method of the pumice concrete with the electromagnetic wave absorption function, which comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a wave-absorbing material: the pumice aggregate was first immersed in 1 mg/mL of PEDOT: soaking the PSS conductive polymer in a PSS conductive polymer aqueous solution for 3 min after taking out and drying the PSS conductive polymer aqueous solution, then immersing the PSS conductive polymer aqueous solution in a dilute sulfuric acid solution for 5 min to remove the non-conductive PSS, and washing and drying the PSS conductive polymer aqueous solution to obtain a pumice aggregate-PEDOT composite material; then, completely immersing pumice aggregates with positively charged pore walls into a solution of graphene oxide and a reducing agent, stirring and heating the solution to perform a reaction of reducing the graphene oxide, wherein the reduced graphene oxide with negative charges is preferentially deposited on the surface of PEDOT through an electrostatic adsorption effect, and after full reaction, completely taking out all the pumice aggregates, washing the pumice aggregates clean, and drying the cleaned pumice aggregates to obtain a pumice aggregate-PEDOT-reduced graphene oxide composite material; finally, the composite material is poured into Fe 2+ And Fe 3+ Stirring and heating the solution simultaneously, adding an alkaline reagent when the temperature reaches 45 ℃ and reacting for 5 min, namely preparing ferroferric oxide particles by a coprecipitation method; filtering, washing and drying the reacted pumice aggregate to obtain a composite material of pumice aggregate-PEDOT-reduced graphene oxide-ferroferric oxide particles, namely a wave-absorbing material;
b. mixing: placing cement, sand, a wave-absorbing material and water in a stirrer for stirring;
c. casting: filling the uniformly stirred materials into a mould, vibrating and filling, and demoulding to obtain the pumice concrete with the electromagnetic wave absorption function.
Wherein the concentration of the graphene oxide solution is 5 mg/mL; the reducing agent is sodium hypophosphite; the temperature of the reduction and oxidation reaction of graphene is 80 ℃; fe 2+ With Fe 3+ In a molar ratio of 1:1.5; the alkaline reagent is ammonia water, and the addition amount is based on the pH value of the reaction solution of 8.5; the stirring speed is 500 r/min when the reaction for reducing graphene oxide and the coprecipitation method are used for preparing the ferroferric oxide particles; the washing reagent is water, and the drying temperature is 50 ℃.
Example two
The invention provides pumice concrete with an electromagnetic wave absorption function, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 35wt% of cement, 15wt% of sand, 40wt% of wave-absorbing material and the balance of water. The wave-absorbing material is a composite material of pumice aggregate, PEDOT, reduced graphene oxide and ferroferric oxide particles. Wherein the particle size of the pumice aggregate is 15 mm, the porosity is over 75 percent, and the internal pore diameter is 120 mu m; the number of layers of the reduced graphene oxide is 8, and the transverse size of the reduced graphene oxide is 20 micrometers; the particle size of the ferroferric oxide particles is 100 nm, and the purity is more than 90 percent; the mass ratio of the pumice aggregate to the PEDOT to the reduced graphene oxide to the ferroferric oxide is 1:0.15: 0.35: 0.15.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the pumice concrete with the electromagnetic wave absorption function, which comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a wave-absorbing material: the pumice aggregate was first immersed in 15 mg/mL PEDOT: the PSS conductive polymer aqueous solution is put in 10 min, taken out and dried, and then immersed in a dilute sulfuric acid solution for 20 min to remove the non-conductive PSS, and washed clean and dried to obtain the pumice aggregate-PEDOT composite material; then, completely immersing pumice aggregate with positively charged pore walls into a solution of graphene oxide and a reducing agent, stirring and heating the solution to perform a reaction of reducing the graphene oxide, wherein the reduced graphene oxide with negative charges is preferentially inDepositing the PEDOT surface through electrostatic adsorption, taking out all pumice aggregates after full reaction, washing the pumice aggregates clean, and drying the pumice aggregates to obtain a pumice aggregate-PEDOT-reduced graphene oxide composite material; finally, the composite material is poured into Fe 2+ And Fe 3+ Stirring and heating the solution simultaneously, adding an alkaline reagent when the temperature reaches 65 ℃ and reacting for 15 min, namely preparing ferroferric oxide particles by a coprecipitation method; filtering, washing and drying the pumice aggregate after reaction to obtain a composite material of pumice aggregate-PEDOT-reduced graphene oxide-ferroferric oxide particles, namely a wave-absorbing material;
b. mixing: placing cement, sand, wave-absorbing materials and water in a stirrer for stirring;
c. casting: filling the uniformly stirred materials into a mould, vibrating and filling, and demoulding to obtain the pumice concrete with the electromagnetic wave absorption function.
Wherein the concentration of the graphene oxide solution is 20 mg/mL; the reducing agent is ascorbic acid; the temperature for reducing the graphene oxide by a hydrothermal method is 150 ℃; fe 2+ With Fe 3+ In a molar ratio of 1:2.5; the alkaline reagent is ammonia water, and the addition amount is based on the pH value of the reaction solution of 10; the stirring speed for preparing the ferroferric oxide particles by the reaction of reducing graphene oxide and the coprecipitation method is 3500 r/min; the washing reagent is water or ethanol, and the drying temperature is 80 ℃.
EXAMPLE III
The invention provides pumice concrete with an electromagnetic wave absorption function, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 30wt% of cement, 22wt% of sand, 38wt% of wave-absorbing material and the balance of water. The wave-absorbing material is a composite material of pumice aggregate, PEDOT, reduced graphene oxide and ferroferric oxide particles. The particle size of the pumice aggregate is 5 mm, the porosity is over 75 percent, and the internal pore diameter is 20 mu m; the number of layers of the reduced graphene oxide is 3, and the transverse size is 5 micrometers; the particle size of the ferroferric oxide particles is 30 nm, and the purity is more than 90%; the mass ratio of the pumice aggregate to the PEDOT reduced graphene oxide to the ferroferric oxide is 1:0.1:0.3:0.1.
the invention also provides a preparation method of the pumice concrete with the electromagnetic wave absorption function, which comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a wave-absorbing material: the pumice aggregate was first immersed in 10 mg/mL PEDOT: soaking the PSS conductive polymer in a PSS conductive polymer aqueous solution for 5 min after taking out and drying the PSS conductive polymer aqueous solution, then immersing the PSS conductive polymer aqueous solution in a dilute sulfuric acid solution for 10 min to remove the non-conductive PSS, and washing and drying the PSS conductive polymer aqueous solution to obtain a pumice aggregate-PEDOT composite material; then, completely immersing pumice aggregates with positively charged pore walls into a solution of graphene oxide and a reducing agent, stirring and heating the solution to perform a reaction of reducing the graphene oxide, wherein the reduced graphene oxide with negative charges is preferentially deposited on the surface of PEDOT through an electrostatic adsorption effect, and after full reaction, completely taking out all the pumice aggregates, washing the pumice aggregates clean, and drying the cleaned pumice aggregates to obtain a pumice aggregate-PEDOT-reduced graphene oxide composite material; finally, the composite material is poured into Fe 2+ And Fe 3+ Stirring and heating the mixed solution, adding an alkaline reagent when the temperature reaches 60 ℃ and reacting for 8 min, namely preparing ferroferric oxide particles by a coprecipitation method; filtering, washing and drying the reacted pumice aggregate to obtain a composite material of pumice aggregate-PEDOT-reduced graphene oxide-ferroferric oxide particles, namely a wave-absorbing material;
b. mixing: placing cement, sand, wave-absorbing materials and water in a stirrer for stirring;
c. casting: filling the uniformly stirred materials into a mould, vibrating and filling, and demoulding to obtain the pumice concrete with the electromagnetic wave absorption function.
Wherein the concentration of the graphene oxide solution is 10 mg/mL; reducing agent trisodium citrate; the temperature of the reduction and oxidation reaction of graphene is 120 ℃; fe 2+ With Fe 3+ In a molar ratio of 1:1.8; the alkaline reagent is ammonia water, and the addition amount is based on the pH value of the reaction solution of 9; the stirring speed for preparing the ferroferric oxide particles by the graphene reduction and oxidation reaction and the coprecipitation method is 2000 r/min; the washing reagent is water, and the drying temperature is 60 ℃.
Through comparative experiments on the three groups of embodiments, it can be obtained that pumice concrete with the electromagnetic wave absorption function can be obtained in each group of embodiments. When the thickness of the pumice concrete member in the first embodiment is 20 mm, the highest electromagnetic wave absorption efficiency in an X frequency band (8.2-12.4 GHz) is 21.9 dB, and the lowest electromagnetic wave absorption efficiency is 18.7 dB; the maximum electromagnetic wave absorption efficiency of the pumice concrete member of the second embodiment in the X frequency band (8.2-12.4 GHz) is 18.2 dB and the minimum electromagnetic wave absorption efficiency is 16.8 dB when the thickness of the pumice concrete member is 20 mm; the maximum electromagnetic wave absorption efficiency of the pumice concrete member of the third embodiment in the X frequency band (8.2-12.4 GHz) is 25.7 dB and the minimum electromagnetic wave absorption efficiency is 23.4 dB when the pumice concrete member is 20 mm thick. The electromagnetic absorption efficiency of all the components is tested by adopting a waveguide method, and the absorption efficiency value is calculated by using the s parameter obtained by the test. It can be seen that the electromagnetic wave absorption efficiency of the pumice concrete member prepared by the three groups of examples in the X frequency band is basically maintained to be about 20 dB when the thickness is 20 mm.
Comparative example 1: the difference from the third embodiment is that the mass ratio of the wave-absorbing material is 20wt%, and the absorption efficiency of the pumice concrete member with the same thickness in the X frequency band is 13.1-15.7 dB. The absorption performance of the concrete is reduced due to the reduction of the electromagnetic shielding materials, but the strength of the concrete is reduced due to excessive wave-absorbing materials, so that the proportion of the wave-absorbing materials is reasonably controlled within the optimal value range.
Comparative example 2: the difference from the third embodiment is that the wave-absorbing material is a composite material of pumice aggregate-PEDOT and reduced graphene oxide, and the absorption efficiency of the pumice concrete member with the same thickness in the X frequency band is 20.6-23.2 dB.
Comparative example 3: the difference from the third embodiment is that the modified material is a composite material of pumice aggregate-PEDOT and ferroferric oxide, and the absorption efficiency of the pumice concrete member with the same thickness in the X frequency band is 18.5-21.3 dB.
It can be seen from the comparison of the third example and the comparison of examples 2 and 3 that the direct compounding of any single material and pumice aggregate can cause the decrease of the electromagnetic wave absorption performance of pumice concrete, because the electrical loss generated by reducing graphene oxide and the magnetic loss generated by ferroferric oxide can form impedance matching, the synergistic effect generated by the composite material can cause the increase of the electromagnetic absorption performance of concrete.
Comparative example 4: the difference from the third embodiment is that the absorption efficiency of the pumice concrete member with the same thickness in the X frequency band is 10.4-19.1 dB when the reduced graphene oxide and the ferroferric oxide are directly added in the mixing stage. Because the directly mixed ferroferric oxide can obstruct a conductive path of the reduced graphene oxide and reduce the conductivity and the electromagnetic shielding performance of the reduced graphene oxide, the absorption performance of electromagnetic waves of the material is reduced compared with the wave-absorbing material compounded layer by layer; meanwhile, the shielding film deposited on the wall of the pumice aggregate hole is not as uniform and compact as the shielding film deposited by chemical deposition due to direct mixing, so that the fluctuation of the absorption efficiency is large.
Comparative example 5: the difference from the third embodiment is that the aperture of the selected pumice aggregate is 300 μm, and the absorption efficiency of the pumice concrete member with the same thickness in the X frequency band is 13.3-15.6 dB. Due to the fact that the aperture of the selected pumice aggregate is large, the specific surface area is small, the deposited reduced graphene oxide and ferroferric oxide particles are limited, and therefore the absorption performance of electromagnetic waves is reduced.
Comparative example 6: the difference from the third example is Fe 2+ With Fe 3+ In a molar ratio of 1:1, the absorption efficiency of the pumice concrete component with the same thickness in an X frequency band is 21.5-24.3 dB. Due to Fe 2+ With Fe 3+ The proportion mismatch of (2) results in that the purity of the generated ferroferric oxide particles is only 60%, and the products contain a large amount of non-magnetic iron oxide phases, so that the electromagnetic wave absorption efficiency of the concrete is slightly reduced.
Comparative example 7: the difference from the third embodiment is that the temperature for preparing the ferroferric oxide particles by the coprecipitation method is 80 ℃, and the absorption efficiency of the pumice concrete member with the same thickness in the X frequency band is 20.3-22.9 dB. Because too high temperature can make the growth rate of ferroferric oxide crystal nucleus too fast, form great granule easily and deposit in the reaction solution bottom, be difficult for the deposit at the surface of reduction oxidation graphite alkene, the later stage filters and is got rid of by most, therefore the electromagnetic wave absorption efficiency of concrete reduces more.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (1)
1. The pumice concrete with the electromagnetic wave absorption function is characterized in that: the components and the mass ratio are as follows: 35wt% of cement, 15wt% of sand, 40wt% of wave-absorbing material and the balance of water; the wave-absorbing material is a composite material of pumice aggregate, PEDOT, reduced graphene oxide and ferroferric oxide particles; wherein the particle size of the pumice aggregate is 15 mm, the porosity is over 75 percent, and the internal pore diameter is 120 mu m; the number of layers of the reduced graphene oxide is 8, and the transverse dimension is 20 micrometers; the particle size of the ferroferric oxide particles is 100 nm, and the purity is more than 90%; the mass ratio of the pumice aggregate to the PEDOT to the reduced graphene oxide to the ferroferric oxide is 1:0.15: 0.35: 0.15;
the preparation method of the pumice concrete with the electromagnetic wave absorption function comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a wave-absorbing material: the pumice aggregate was first immersed in 15 mg/mL PEDOT: the PSS conductive polymer aqueous solution is put in 10 min, taken out and dried, and then immersed in a dilute sulfuric acid solution for 20 min to remove the non-conductive PSS, and washed clean and dried to obtain the pumice aggregate-PEDOT composite material; then, completely immersing pumice aggregates with positively charged pore walls into a solution of graphene oxide and a reducing agent, stirring and heating the solution to perform a reaction of reducing the graphene oxide, wherein the reduced graphene oxide with negative charges is preferentially deposited on the surface of PEDOT through an electrostatic adsorption effect, and after full reaction, completely taking out all the pumice aggregates, washing the pumice aggregates clean, and drying the cleaned pumice aggregates to obtain a pumice aggregate-PEDOT-reduced graphene oxide composite material; finally, the composite material is poured into Fe 2+ And Fe 3+ Stirring and heating the mixed solution, adding an alkaline reagent when the temperature reaches 65 ℃ and reacting for 15 min, namely preparing ferroferric oxide particles by a coprecipitation method; filtering, washing and drying the pumice aggregate after reaction to obtain a composite material of pumice aggregate-PEDOT-reduced graphene oxide-ferroferric oxide particles, namely a wave-absorbing material;
b. mixing: placing cement, sand, wave-absorbing materials and water in a stirrer for stirring;
c. and (3) casting: filling the uniformly stirred materials into a mould, vibrating and filling, and demoulding to obtain the pumice concrete with the electromagnetic wave absorption function;
wherein the concentration of the graphene oxide solution is 20 mg/mL; the reducing agent is ascorbic acid; the temperature for reducing the graphene oxide by a hydrothermal method is 150 ℃; fe 2+ With Fe 3+ In a molar ratio of 1:2.5; the alkaline reagent is ammonia water, and the addition amount is based on the pH value of the reaction solution of 10; the stirring speed for preparing the ferroferric oxide particles by the reaction of reducing graphene oxide and a coprecipitation method is 3500 r/min; the washing reagent is water or ethanol, and the drying temperature is 80 ℃.
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