CN113276027B - Abrasive jet control system - Google Patents

Abrasive jet control system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113276027B
CN113276027B CN202110703132.0A CN202110703132A CN113276027B CN 113276027 B CN113276027 B CN 113276027B CN 202110703132 A CN202110703132 A CN 202110703132A CN 113276027 B CN113276027 B CN 113276027B
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Prior art keywords
water
water jet
jet nozzle
abrasive
pump assembly
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CN113276027A (en
Inventor
刘飞香
廖金军
苏亮
陈望
易达云
蒋海华
祝爽
赵贵生
张坚
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China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group Co Ltd
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China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24CABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/04Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass
    • B24C1/045Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass for cutting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24CABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C7/00Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
    • B24C7/0007Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a liquid carrier
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24CABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C9/00Appurtenances of abrasive blasting machines or devices, e.g. working chambers, arrangements for handling used abrasive material
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/18Status alarms
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B7/00Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00
    • G08B7/06Signalling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00; Personal calling systems according to more than one of groups G08B3/00 - G08B6/00 using electric transmission, e.g. involving audible and visible signalling through the use of sound and light sources
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an abrasive jet control system which comprises an abrasive feeding device and a control module, wherein the abrasive feeding device comprises a water jet nozzle (2), a conveying mechanism (3), a water jet sand tank (4) and a water pump assembly (6), the water jet sand tank (4) is used for storing jet abrasives and conveying the abrasives to the water jet nozzle (2) through the conveying mechanism (3), and the water pump assembly (6) is used for pumping water to the water jet nozzle (2) so that water is matched with the abrasives to realize cutting; the control module comprises a control center, an interaction unit and a detection unit. According to the invention, after cutting is finished, the grinding material remained in the conveying pipeline is blown out by the air compressor, so that sand accumulation in the pipeline is prevented, and the problem that sand material and water cannot be normally mixed due to the blockage of the grinding material pipeline is avoided, thereby increasing the maintenance frequency of the system.

Description

Abrasive jet control system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of abrasive water jet, in particular to a control system of abrasive water jet.
Background
The introduction of abrasive particles into the high pressure water forms an abrasive water jet. The introduction of the abrasive particles greatly improves the action effect of the water jet, so that the abrasive water jet can realize rust removal, sand removal and cutting operation under relatively low pressure. The abrasive jet flow equipment needs to utilize a high-pressure generator when in use, so that high cutting efficiency can be achieved, but the speed of pure water cutting is not ideal when the pure water cutting is used for cutting harder materials, which is also the basis of the development of the initial abrasive water jet flow technology. Water cutting, without water-jet sanding, is compromised in both accuracy and depth of cut. Laboratory data show that only 3mm titanium plates can be cut without abrasive discharge and that the cut is jagged. After the water jet cutter sand water cutting abrasive is added, a 30mm titanium plate can be easily cut, and the precision is very accurate. The cutting ability of the abrasive jet is primarily derived from the constant supply of abrasive particles in the jet. If the abrasive supply is cut, the abrasive jet is transformed into a normal water jet, and the material cannot be cut further. It is therefore necessary to know and monitor the supply of abrasive material during the cutting process.
The jet is ejected from the water nozzle and then enters the mixing chamber. Wear of the water nozzles can have a significant effect on the jet characteristics and the subsequent mixing and cutting process. Simultaneously, the collimator accelerates the abrasive particles to a velocity close to that of the water jet; adjusting the abrasive particles in the jet flow to be consistent in direction; the abrasive particles are directed toward the workpiece. During operation, severe friction occurs between the collimator and the abrasive particles, which results in an increase in the inner diameter of the collimator. As an important parameter of the cutting process, the collimator diameter has a direct influence on the depth and quality of the cut. Therefore, the operation and wear of the water nozzle and the operation of the collimator affect the cutting effect.
Therefore, the abrasive supply of the abrasive jet flow is effectively controlled, the state of the abrasive jet flow passing through the nozzle and the collimator is monitored in real time, the abrasive and water can be in a good matching state, the stable using effect of the abrasive jet flow can be guaranteed, and the method has important significance for the application effect of the abrasive jet flow.
The normal supply of abrasive material and the steady state of high-pressure waterline have decided abrasive material fluidic result of use, and prior art, the abrasive material is supplied with and is realized the mixture of abrasive material and water through the specific venturi adsorption of efflux pipeline, and the feed rate of abrasive material can not realize even supply, simultaneously, after shutting down the water pump, the water sword sand that persists in the mixed cavity junction of sand inlet pipe way can be concreted after the water logging is wet, causes the problem of sand inlet pipe way jam after equipment is opened next time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide an abrasive jet control system which can uniformly convey abrasive and effectively prevent the abrasive from being solidified in a conveying pipeline.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a control system of abrasive material jet, which comprises an abrasive material feeding device and a control module, wherein the abrasive material feeding device is electrically connected with the control module and comprises an air compressor, a water jet nozzle, a conveying mechanism, a water jet sand tank, a switching valve and a water pump assembly; the water jet sand tank is used for storing jet abrasive and conveying the abrasive to the water jet nozzle through the conveying mechanism; the water pump assembly is used for pumping water to the water jet nozzle so that water is matched with the abrasive to realize cutting; the air compressor is connected with the switching valve through a pipeline, and the switching valve is arranged on the pipeline for connecting the conveying device and the water jet nozzle; the control module comprises a control center, an interaction unit and a detection unit, wherein the control center is used for processing and analyzing data detected by the detection unit and generating corresponding signals; the interaction unit is electrically connected with the control center and is used for operating by an operator; the detection unit is used for detecting various data of the water jet nozzle, the conveying mechanism, the water jet sand tank and the water pump assembly.
Preferably, the conveying mechanism is provided with a spiral conveying structure.
Preferably, the water pump assembly includes a water pump and a water tank.
Preferably, the conveying mechanism is a screw conveyor.
Preferably, the interaction unit is configured as a human-computer interface.
As a further scheme of the invention: the detection unit comprises a sand tank liquid level detector, a water pump outlet pressure detector and a nozzle abrasion detector; the sand tank liquid level detector is used for detecting the liquid level of the water jet sand tank; the water level detector is used for detecting the water level of the water tank in the water pump assembly; the water pump outlet pressure detector is used for detecting the water pressure at the outlet of the water pump assembly; the nozzle wear detector is used for detecting the wear condition of the collimator of the water jet nozzle.
Preferably, the nozzle detector is configured as an infrared thermal imaging detector.
Preferably, the specific method for detecting the wear condition of the collimator of the water jet nozzle by using the nozzle detector comprises the following steps: measuring the temperature profile of the collimator of the water jet nozzle by adopting an infrared thermal imaging method to obtain a real-time temperature profile of the collimator of the water jet nozzle, and determining the value and the position of the peak temperature in the collimator of the water jet nozzle; when the peak temperature of the water jet nozzle collimator gradually approaches the temperature of the outlet end of the water jet nozzle, the abrasion condition of the water jet nozzle collimator is judged by combining the thermal imaging graph of the outlet waterline of the water jet nozzle.
As a further scheme of the invention: the control module further comprises an alarm unit, and the alarm unit is used for alarming when the liquid level of the water jet sand tank and/or the water level of the water pump assembly is lower than a preset value of the control center.
As a further scheme of the invention: the alarm unit comprises an audible and visual alarm and an alarm indicator light, the audible and visual alarm is electrically connected with the control module, and the alarm is realized according to a signal sent by the control center; the alarm indicator lamp is arranged on the interaction unit so that an operator can check the alarm indicator lamp conveniently.
The control method applying the system specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, starting a system, starting a water pump assembly, conveying high-pressure water to a water jet nozzle, starting an air compressor and maintaining the initial pressure of the air compressor, starting a conveying mechanism to convey abrasive to the water jet nozzle, and cutting by matching with the high-pressure water;
step 2, after cutting is finished, closing the conveying mechanism, stopping conveying the abrasive materials, adjusting the conveying pressure of the water pump assembly to the initial pressure, and connecting the air compressor and the water jet nozzle through the switching valve so that the abrasive materials remained in the pipeline are blown out through the air compressor;
step 3, after all the abrasive materials remained in the pipeline are blown out, closing the water pump assembly;
and 4, closing the system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, after cutting is finished, the grinding materials remained in the conveying pipeline are blown out by the air compressor, so that sand accumulation in the pipeline is prevented, and the problem that sand materials and water cannot be normally mixed due to the blockage of the grinding material pipeline is avoided, so that the maintenance frequency of the system is increased.
(2) According to the invention, the feeding of the grinding materials is realized by adopting the screw propeller, and the uniform conveying of the grinding materials is realized by adjusting the conveying speed of the driving conveying mechanism.
(3) The invention can ensure the stability of the raw material supply end by detecting the information of the water tank liquid level, the water pressure, the abrasive liquid level and the like, detect the temperature profile information of the spray head and the waterline of the abrasive jet device during working by infrared thermal imaging, judge the wear states of the spray nozzle and the collimator tube by continuously detecting and comparing the imaging data of normal filling, and repair the equipment in time.
(4) According to the invention, the infrared thermal imaging detector is used for monitoring the states of the nozzle collimator and the nozzle collimator in real time, the abrasion condition of the nozzle is mastered, the maintenance can be prompted in time, and the efficient operation of the abrasive jet system is ensured.
(5) According to the invention, the infrared thermal imaging detector is adopted to detect the temperature profile of the collimator of the water jet nozzle and the shape of the waterline at the outlet of the water jet nozzle in real time, so that the real-time abrasion condition of the water jet nozzle is judged, an operator can replace the water jet nozzle in time, and the cutting precision is ensured.
(6) According to the invention, the high-efficiency normal operation of the abrasive jet system is ensured by detecting the data such as liquid level, pressure and the like in real time, and the equipment damage caused by faults is effectively avoided.
(7) According to the invention, the alarm unit is arranged to monitor the liquid level of the water jet sand tank and/or the water level of the water pump assembly in real time and give an alarm in time, so that an operator can process the liquid level in time.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an abrasive feeding device of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the framework of the abrasive jet control system of the present invention.
Wherein:
1. air compressor machine, 2, water jet nozzle, 3, conveying mechanism, 4, water sword sand jar, 5, diverter valve, 6, water pump assembly.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features, advantages, and the like of the present invention more clearly understandable, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the drawings of the present invention are simplified and are not to precise scale, and are provided for convenience and clarity in assisting the description of the embodiments of the present invention; the numbers mentioned in the present invention are not limited to the specific numbers in the examples of the drawings; the directions or positional relationships indicated by ' front ' middle ', rear ', left ', right ', upper ', lower ', top ', bottom ', middle ' and the like in the present invention are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or parts referred to must have specific directions, nor should be construed as limiting the present invention.
In this embodiment:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the abrasive jet control system provided by the present invention includes an abrasive feeding device and a control module, wherein the abrasive feeding device is electrically connected to the control module, and: the abrasive material feeding device comprises a water jet nozzle 2, a conveying mechanism 3, a water jet sand tank 4 and a water pump assembly 6, wherein the water jet sand tank 4 is used for storing jet abrasive materials and conveying the abrasive materials to the water jet nozzle 2 through the conveying mechanism 3, and the water pump assembly 6 is used for pumping water to the water jet nozzle 2 so that water is matched with the abrasive materials to realize cutting; the control module comprises a control center, an interaction unit and a detection unit, wherein the control center is used for processing and analyzing data obtained by detection of the detection unit and generating corresponding signals; the interaction unit is electrically connected with the control center and is used for operating by an operator; the detection unit is used for detecting the temperature of the water jet nozzle 2, the speed of the conveying mechanism 3, the liquid level of the water jet sand tank 4, the conveying pressure of the water pump assembly 6 and the water level data of the water pump assembly 6.
Preferably, the abrasive feeding device further comprises an air compressor 1 and a switching valve 5, wherein the air compressor 1 is connected with the switching valve 5 through a pipeline, and the switching valve 5 is arranged on the pipeline for connecting the conveying device 3 and the water jet nozzle 2.
Preferably, the conveying mechanism 3 is provided with a spiral conveying structure; the water pump assembly 6 includes a water pump and a water tank.
Preferably, the conveying mechanism 3 is a screw conveyor.
Preferably, the interaction unit is configured as a human-computer interface.
Preferably, the detection unit comprises a sand tank liquid level detector, a water pump outlet pressure detector and a thermal imaging detector; the sand tank liquid level detector is used for detecting the liquid level of the water jet sand tank 4; the water level detector is used for detecting the water level of the water tank in the water pump assembly 6; the water pump outlet pressure detector is used for detecting the water pressure at the outlet of the water pump assembly 6; the thermal imaging detector is used for detecting the temperature profile of a collimator of the water jet nozzle.
Preferably, the nozzle detector is configured as an infrared thermal imaging detector.
Preferably, the specific method for detecting the wear condition of the collimator of the water jet nozzle 2 by using the nozzle detector comprises the following steps: measuring the temperature profile of the collimator of the water jet nozzle 2 by adopting an infrared thermal imaging method to obtain the real-time temperature profile of the collimator of the water jet nozzle 2, and determining the value and the position of the peak temperature in the collimator of the water jet nozzle 2; when the peak temperature of the water jet nozzle 2 collimator gradually approaches the temperature of the outlet end of the water jet nozzle 2 (the specific reason is that the increase of the inner diameter of the collimator of the water jet nozzle 2 causes the increase of the gap between the jet flow and the inner wall of the collimator, the friction is reduced, the generated heat is reduced, the temperature of the collimator of the water jet nozzle 2 is reduced, and the abrasion of the water jet nozzle 2 can be gradually promoted from the inlet to the outlet of the collimator along with the time, and the position of the peak temperature can be moved along with the abrasion, so that the abrasion condition of the collimator of the water jet nozzle 2 can be continuously monitored), and meanwhile, the thermal imaging graph of the water line at the outlet of the water jet nozzle 2 is combined (due to the difference of the temperature between water and the surrounding environment, when the imaging shape of the water line has obvious width change or the shape difference of the upper end and the lower end, the abrasion of the collimator of the water jet nozzle 2 can be judged), the abrasion condition of the collimator of the water jet nozzle 2 is judged.
Preferably, the control module further comprises an alarm unit, and the alarm unit is used for alarming when the liquid level of the water jet sand tank 4 and/or the water level of the water pump assembly 6 is lower than a preset value of the control center.
Preferably, the alarm unit comprises an audible and visual alarm and an alarm indicator light, the audible and visual alarm is electrically connected with the control module, and the alarm is realized according to a signal sent by the control center; the alarm indicator lamp is arranged on the interaction unit so that an operator can check the alarm indicator lamp.
The control method applying the system specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, starting a system, wherein a water pump assembly 6 is started to convey high-pressure water to a water jet nozzle 2, meanwhile, an air compressor 1 is started to maintain the initial pressure of the air compressor, a conveying mechanism 3 is started to convey abrasive materials to the water jet nozzle 2, and cutting is realized through the cooperation of the conveying mechanism and the high-pressure water;
step 2, after cutting is completed, closing the conveying mechanism 3, stopping conveying the abrasive, adjusting the conveying pressure of the water pump assembly 6 to the initial pressure, and connecting the air compressor 1 with the water jet nozzle 2 through the switching valve 5 so as to blow out the abrasive remained in the pipeline through the air compressor 1;
step 3, after all the abrasives remained in the pipeline are blown out, closing the water pump assembly 6;
and 4, closing the system.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A control system for an abrasive jet, characterized by: comprises an abrasive material feeding device and a control module, wherein the abrasive material feeding device is electrically connected with the control module, and
the abrasive feeding device comprises an air compressor (1), a water jet nozzle (2), a conveying mechanism (3), a water jet sand tank (4), a switching valve (5) and a water pump assembly (6); the water jet sand tank (4) is used for storing jet flow abrasive materials and conveying the abrasive materials to the water jet nozzle (2) through the conveying mechanism (3); the water pump assembly (6) is used for pumping water to the water jet nozzle (2) so that the water cooperates with the abrasive to realize cutting; the air compressor (1) is connected with a switching valve (5) through a pipeline, and the switching valve (5) is arranged on the pipeline for connecting the conveying device (3) and the water jet nozzle (2);
the control module comprises a control center, an interaction unit and a detection unit, wherein the control center is used for processing and analyzing data obtained by detection of the detection unit and generating corresponding signals; the interaction unit is electrically connected with the control center and is used for operating by an operator; the detection unit comprises a sand tank liquid level detector, a water pump outlet pressure detector and a nozzle abrasion detector; the sand tank liquid level detector is used for detecting the liquid level of the water jet sand tank (4); the water level detector is used for detecting the water level of the water tank in the water pump assembly (6); the water pump outlet pressure detector is used for detecting the water pressure at the outlet of the water pump assembly (6); the nozzle wear detector is an infrared thermal imaging detector and is used for detecting the wear condition of the collimator of the water jet nozzle (2) and judging the wear condition of the collimator by the following method:
measuring the temperature profile of the collimator of the water jet nozzle (2) by adopting an infrared thermal imaging method to obtain the real-time temperature profile of the collimator of the water jet nozzle (2), and determining the value and the position of the peak temperature in the collimator of the water jet nozzle (2); when the peak temperature of the collimator of the water jet nozzle (2) is gradually close to the temperature of the outlet end of the water jet nozzle (2), and the thermal imaging graph of the water line at the outlet of the water jet nozzle (2) is combined, the abrasion condition of the collimator of the water jet nozzle (2) is judged;
the control method applying the system specifically comprises the following steps:
1) starting a system, starting a water pump assembly (6), conveying high-pressure water to a water jet nozzle (2), starting an air compressor (1) and maintaining the initial pressure of the air compressor, starting a conveying mechanism (3) to convey abrasive to the water jet nozzle (2), and cutting by matching with the high-pressure water;
2) After cutting is finished, closing the conveying mechanism (3), stopping conveying the abrasive, simultaneously adjusting the conveying pressure of the water pump assembly (6) to the initial pressure, and connecting the air compressor (1) with the water jet nozzle (2) through the switching valve (5) so as to blow out the abrasive remained in the pipeline through the air compressor (1);
3) After all the abrasive materials remained in the pipeline are blown out, the water pump assembly (6) is closed;
4) The system is shut down.
2. The control system of claim 1, wherein: the conveying mechanism (3) is of a spiral conveying structure;
the water pump assembly (6) comprises a water pump and a water tank.
3. The control system of claim 2, wherein: the conveying mechanism (3) is a spiral conveyor.
4. The control system of claim 1, wherein: the interaction unit is set as a human-computer interface.
5. The control system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the control module further comprises an alarm unit, and the alarm unit is used for alarming when the liquid level of the water jet sand tank (4) and/or the water level of the water pump assembly (6) is lower than a preset value of the control center.
6. The control system of claim 5, wherein: the alarm unit comprises an audible and visual alarm and an alarm indicator light, the audible and visual alarm is electrically connected with the control module, and the alarm is realized according to a signal sent by the control center; the alarm indicator lamp is arranged on the interaction unit so that an operator can check the alarm indicator lamp conveniently.
CN202110703132.0A 2021-06-24 2021-06-24 Abrasive jet control system Active CN113276027B (en)

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CN114217579A (en) * 2021-11-30 2022-03-22 武汉大学 System and method for dynamically adjusting high polymer for grinding steel rail by abrasive water jet
CN114571373B (en) * 2022-01-27 2023-04-25 大连理工大学 Spiral feeding device for machining corner structure and method for cooperatively regulating and controlling machining corner structure through feeding of abrasive and track
CN117532753B (en) * 2023-12-04 2024-05-24 浙江大学 Real-time feedback adjustment rock breaking system and method for abrasive water jet angle

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CN1544206A (en) * 2003-11-11 2004-11-10 毅 刘 Water sandblast apparatus combined with coaxial suction type sand blasting gun
CN105563349A (en) * 2016-01-27 2016-05-11 北京雷蒙赛博机电技术有限公司 Abrasive concentration control system for front mixed abrasive water jet equipment
CN107178623A (en) * 2017-06-24 2017-09-19 郭善财 Sand-blasting machine and its sand supplying system and flow control valve
CN110125814B (en) * 2019-05-31 2020-10-27 中国平煤神马能源化工集团有限责任公司 Continuous automatic abrasive feeding device with stable voltage and stable flow
CN212735620U (en) * 2020-06-16 2021-03-19 杭州云聚潮升科技有限公司 Numerical control water cutting supplies sand adjusting device

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