CN113275545B

CN113275545B - Cooler for casting target material and cooling method

Info

Publication number: CN113275545B
Application number: CN202110569974.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡习光
Original assignee: Jiangyin Entret Coating Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangyin Entret Coating Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-05-26
Filing date: 2021-05-26
Publication date: 2022-08-23
Anticipated expiration: 2041-05-26
Also published as: CN113275545A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of target production, in particular to a cooler for a cast target and a cooling method. Including the cooling tube, the cooling tube upper end is provided with rings, and cooling tube upper portion sets up the water inlet, and the lower extreme is provided with external screw thread portion, and external screw thread portion top sets up the fixed plate, and the fixed plate below sets up the stop part, and the stop part below is provided with the mounting plate, and the mounting plate below is provided with the sprinkler. The sprinkler comprises an upper sprinkler head and a lower sprinkler head; the upper part of the upper sprinkler head is provided with an internal thread part, the inner part of the upper sprinkler head is provided with a connecting part, the connecting part is provided with a first threaded hole, a plurality of channels are arranged around the connecting part, and the lower part of the upper sprinkler head is provided with a first conical surface; the lower water spray head is provided with a threaded column and a second conical surface. The cooling of the molten alloy in the mold is completed by gradually pulling up the cooler in the mold, and the molten alloy is solidified. The invention can control the rising speed of the cooling water and avoid the solidification of the upper molten liquid of the die due to advanced cooling.

Description

Cooler for casting target material and cooling method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of target production, in particular to a cooler for a cast target and a cooling method.

Background

Low melting point rotary metal targets, such as tin targets, zinc-aluminum targets, etc., are typically produced by casting.

The patent with the application number of 201611238291.3 discloses a mold for producing a rotary tin target material and a production method thereof, wherein a tin raw material is smelted to obtain a casting liquid, the casting liquid is cast into the mold for producing the rotary tin target material, then the interior of the mold is gradually raised from bottom to top by cooling water to sequentially solidify tin, and finally the rotary tin target material obtained by demolding has the advantages of high density, no defects such as air holes and cracks, uniform and fine grain size and the like. Since tin is a single metal, the temperature range of solidification is very narrow even though it has a certain degree of supercooling at the time of solidification, and thus can be produced by the above-mentioned method. However, when producing a zinc 50 tin 50 target, since the solidification range of the alloy is 198.5 ℃ to 350 ℃, i.e. the solidification is started at 350 ℃ and is not completed until 198.5 ℃, if the above method is also adopted, the alloy melt at the cooling water surface cannot be completely solidified immediately after the cooling water rises due to the limitation of heat conduction (including factors such as material, thickness, inner diameter of the back tube, etc.), but the solidification degree is higher as the cooling water surface is closer to the lower part, and the length which is not completely solidified is longer (although the solidification range is narrow when casting a tin target, the length is also short), when the solidification ratio at a certain position reaches a certain degree, the unsolidified melt is completely divided and surrounded by the solidified alloy, which results in that no melt is fed back at another position after the melt is solidified, the volume of the solidified melt is reduced, and no other melt is supplemented to cause shrinkage cavity at the position, so that the shrinkage cavity is distributed on the whole target material by adopting the method to produce the alloy with the wide solidification range, and the target material is scrapped. If the cooling water is controlled to rise at a slow speed, so that the cooling water surface rises after the cooling water is completely solidified, the cooling water is heated and evaporated, the melt in the die above the cooling water surface can be gradually cooled and solidified by the steam, the solidification degree is higher due to longer time when the melt is closer to the upper part, the cooling rate is slow under the condition, the upper part of the target grows thick dendrites from bottom to top, the distribution of elements is not uniform, the target is also unqualified, more serious, the solidification position is advanced due to the upper part, the feeding back cannot be carried out on the lower part, and a large blank area without the target material can be formed. Therefore, there is a need for a cooler capable of controlling the rising speed of cooling water and preventing the upper molten metal of the mold from being cooled and solidified in advance.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention provides a cooling device and a cooling method for a cast target material, which can control the rising speed of cooling water and prevent the upper molten liquid of a mold from being cooled in advance and solidified.

According to the technical scheme, the cooler for the cast target comprises a cooling pipe, the upper end of the cooling pipe is sealed, the lower end of the cooling pipe is open, a hanging ring is arranged at the upper end of the cooling pipe, a water inlet is formed in the upper portion of the cooling pipe, an external thread portion is arranged at the lower end of the cooling pipe, a fixing plate is arranged above the external thread portion, a blocking portion is arranged below the fixing plate, a fastening plate is arranged below the blocking portion, a water sprayer is arranged below the fastening plate, and the water sprayer is in threaded connection with the external thread portion. The sprinkler comprises an upper sprinkler head and a lower sprinkler head; the upper part of the upper sprinkler head is provided with an internal thread part which is used for being in threaded connection with the external thread part, the middle part inside the upper sprinkler head is provided with a connecting part, the center of the connecting part is provided with a first threaded hole, a plurality of channels are arranged around the first threaded hole, and the lower part of the upper sprinkler head is provided with a first conical surface; the center of the upper surface of the lower water spray head is provided with a threaded column which is in threaded connection with the first threaded hole, and the circumference of the upper surface of the lower water spray head is provided with a second conical surface.

Preferably, a plurality of supporting columns are arranged on the outer circumference of the cooling pipe.

Preferably, the outer end of the supporting column is spherical.

Preferably, the vertex angle of the cone where the first conical surface is located is 60-120 degrees, and the vertex angle of the cone where the second conical surface is located is the same as that of the cone where the first conical surface is located.

Preferably, a second threaded hole penetrating through the lower water spraying head is formed in the lower water spraying head, a bolt is connected to the second threaded hole in a threaded mode, a plurality of grooves are formed in the periphery of the first threaded hole in the lower surface of the connecting portion, and the top of the bolt can be inserted into one groove.

Preferably, the lower part of the fixed plate is provided with a heat-insulating sleeve, the heat-insulating sleeve is positioned inside the blocking part, and the upper part of the heat-insulating sleeve is provided with a heat-insulating sheet which is positioned between the fixed plate and the blocking part; the lower part of the heat insulation sleeve is provided with a heat insulation sheet which is positioned between the blocking part and the fastening plate.

Preferably, the upper part of the fastening plate is provided with a concave platform for accommodating the insulating sleeve.

The method for cooling the casting target by using the cooler comprises the following steps:

A. vertically placing one end of the cooler provided with the hanging ring for the casting target material into a mold, wherein the water sprayer is at a certain distance from the bottom of the mold, so that the position of the water curtain sprayed by the water sprayer onto the inner wall of the mold is 3-8 cm away from the bottom of the mold;

B. hooking the lifting ring by using a lifting hook of a crown block;

C. connecting the water inlet with a water pipe connected with a water source;

D. water is introduced into the water inlet through a water pipe connected with a water source, and cooling water is sprayed out of the water sprayer onto the inner wall of the mold;

E. after water is supplied for a period of time, the casting target material is hoisted by a cooler by using a crown block, the hoisting speed is 0.3-1 m/min, and a water sprayer always sprays water during the period;

F. and when the water sprayer rises to the top of the mold, stopping rising the cooling device for the casting target, continuing spraying water by the water sprayer for cooling until the temperature of the mold is reduced to below 160 ℃, stopping cooling, and finishing cooling.

Preferably, the water pipe connected with the water source is a metal hose, and the other end of the water pipe is connected with a water pump or a tap water pipe with a valve.

Preferably, the flow rate of water flowing in the step D is 8 to 12 tons/hour, and the lifting of the casting target cooler by the crown block is started 30 to 50 seconds after the water flowing in the step E.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: 1. cooling water sprayed by the water sprayer can be sprayed downwards and outwards in a slant manner, less water is sprayed when the cooling water is sprayed on the inner wall of the mold, most of the water flows downwards along the inner wall of the mold, and the cooling effect is good; 2. the blocking part can prevent the upper molten liquid of the die from being cooled and solidified in advance due to the upward gas, so that the phenomenon of shrinkage cavity of the target material is avoided; 3. the heat-insulating sleeve and the heat-insulating sheet can reduce the heat transfer between the blocking part and the cooling pipe, thereby greatly weakening the cooling effect of the blocking part on the mold.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cooler for a cast target.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the lower structure of a cooler for a cast target.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a water spray of a cooling device for casting a target.

Fig. 4 is a bottom isometric view of a water jet for a cast target cooler.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a cooler for a cast target in use.

In the figure: 1. a cooling tube; 11. a water inlet; 12. a hoisting ring; 13. a support column; 14. a fixing plate; 15. an external threaded portion; 2. a blocking portion; 3. a water sprayer; 31. an upper sprinkler head; 311. an internal thread portion; 312. a connecting portion; 3121. a first threaded hole; 3122. a channel; 3123. a groove; 313. a first conical surface; 32. a lower sprinkler head; 321. a threaded post; 322. a second conical surface; 323. a second threaded hole; 33. a bolt; 4. a heat preservation sheet; 5. a fastening plate; 6. a thermal insulation sleeve; 7. a mold; 8. a pit furnace; 9. a support; 91. and a through hole.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the embodiments. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.

The specific implementation mode is as follows: referring to fig. 1-5, a cooler for casting target material comprises a cooling tube 1, wherein the cooling tube 1 is preferably covered with a heat-insulating layer, the upper end of the cooling pipe 1 is sealed and the lower end is opened, the upper end of the cooling pipe 1 is provided with a hanging ring 12, the upper part of the cooling pipe 1 is provided with a water inlet 11, the lower end of the cooling pipe 1 is provided with an external thread part 15, the fixing plate 14 is arranged above the external thread part 15, the barrier part 2 is arranged below the fixing plate 14, the barrier part 2 is preferably made of a material which is high-temperature resistant, does not absorb water and has certain flexibility, such as expanded graphite, and the barrier part 2 is preferably formed by stacking a plurality of expanded graphite sheets with the thickness of about 1 mm, so that the advantages are achieved, and the lubricating property is good, a fastening plate 5 is arranged below the blocking part 2, a water sprayer 3 is arranged below the fastening plate 5, and the water sprayer 3 is in threaded connection with the external thread part 15. The sprinkler 3 comprises an upper sprinkler head 31 and a lower sprinkler head 32; the upper part of the upper sprinkler head 31 is provided with an internal thread part 311 for being in threaded connection with the external thread part 15, the middle part of the inside of the upper sprinkler head 31 is provided with a connecting part 312, the center of the connecting part 312 is provided with a first threaded hole 3121, a plurality of channels 3122 are arranged around the first threaded hole 3121 for passing water, and the lower part of the upper sprinkler head 31 is provided with a first conical surface 313; the center of the upper surface of the lower nozzle 32 is provided with a threaded post 321 for screwing with the first threaded hole 3121, and the circumference of the upper surface of the lower nozzle 32 is provided with a second conical surface 322. When in use, the first conical surface 313 and the second conical surface 322 are spaced apart from each other, and cooling water can be sprayed out from the space between the first conical surface 313 and the second conical surface in a downward and oblique manner.

The outer circumference of the cooling pipe 1 is provided with a plurality of supporting columns 13, so that the cooling pipe 1 is prevented from contacting the inner wall of the mold 7 due to deflection when the cooler for the casting target is pulled up by a crown block, and the cooling pipe is prevented from being cooled at the inner wall.

The outer end of the supporting column 13 is spherical, so that even if the supporting column contacts the inner wall of the mold 7, the contact point is small, the heat transfer is small, and the friction force generated by the supporting column and the inner wall of the mold 7 is small. In actual use, when the cooling pipe 1 is vertical, the supporting column 13 does not contact the inner wall of the mold 7.

The vertex angle of the cone where the first conical surface 313 is located is 60-120 degrees, and the vertex angle of the cone where the second conical surface 322 is located is the same as that of the cone where the first conical surface 313 is located. At the angle, cooling water can be obliquely sprayed downwards and outwards, less water is sprayed when the cooling water is sprayed on the inner wall of the mold 7, most of the water can flow downwards along the inner wall of the mold 7, and the cooling effect is good.

The lower water jet head 32 is provided with a second threaded hole 323 therethrough, a bolt 33 is screwed into the second threaded hole 323, the lower surface of the connecting portion 312 is provided with a plurality of grooves 3123 around the first threaded hole 3121, and the top of the bolt 33 can be inserted into one of the grooves 3123. The distance between the first conical surface 313 and the second conical surface 322 can be adjusted by rotating the lower nozzle head 32, and when the adjustment is completed, the bolt 33 can be tightened for fixing.

The lower part of the fixed plate 14 is provided with a heat insulation sleeve 6, the heat insulation sleeve 6 is positioned inside the blocking part 2, the upper part of the heat insulation sleeve 6 is provided with a heat insulation sheet 4, and the heat insulation sheet 4 is positioned between the fixed plate 14 and the blocking part 2; the lower part of the heat insulation sleeve 6 is provided with a heat insulation sheet 4, and the heat insulation sheet 4 is positioned between the blocking part 2 and the fastening plate 5. The heat-insulating sleeve 6 and the heat-insulating sheet 4 are made of materials which have small heat conductivity coefficient, are not water-absorbing and are not water-proof, can bear severe temperature change, and can be made of quartz sheets. The insulating sheath 6 and the insulating sheet 4 can reduce the heat transfer between the barrier 2 and the cooling pipe 1, thereby greatly reducing the cooling effect of the barrier 2 on the mold 7.

The upper portion of the fastening plate 5 is provided with a concave platform for accommodating the heat preservation sleeve 6, so that the assembly is facilitated.

When cooling is performed, as shown in fig. 5, the mold 7 is vertically placed in the pit furnace 8, the support 9 is arranged below the pit furnace 8, and the center of the support 9 is provided with the through hole 91. The mould 7 is formed by sleeving two pipes together, alloy melt is poured into a cavity between the two pipes, and the upper opening and the bottom of the cavity are closed.

A. vertically placing the end, provided with the hanging ring 12, of the cooler for the casting target material into a mold, wherein the water sprayer 3 is at a certain distance from the bottom of the mold, so that the position, sprayed onto the inner wall of the mold, of a water curtain sprayed by the water sprayer 3 is 3-8 cm away from the bottom of the mold;

B. hooking the lifting ring 12 by using a lifting hook of the overhead travelling crane; the hoisting block on the crown block is preferably in a ring chain type, the lifting hook of the hoisting block cannot move left and right in the lifting process, and the hoisting block preferably has the function of adjusting the lifting speed;

C. the water inlet 11 is connected with a water pipe connected with a water source; the water pipe connected with the water source is preferably a metal hose, and the other end of the metal hose is connected with a water pump or a tap water pipe with a valve.

D. Water is introduced into the water inlet 11 through a water pipe connected with a water source, the flow rate is 8-12 tons/hour, and at the moment, cooling water is sprayed onto the inner wall of the mould 7 from the water sprayer 3 to cool the position of the mould 7;

E. after the water is supplied for a period of time, preferably 30 to 50 seconds, the casting target material is hoisted by a cooler by a crown block, the hoisting speed is 0.3 to 1 meter/minute, and the water sprayer 3 sprays water all the time during the period; the reason why the cooler for casting the target material is lifted after water is firstly introduced for a period of time is that the whole die is hot at the beginning, the temperature at the position is the initial higher temperature, the position can be cooled after cooling for a period of time, and the alloy melt in the position is solidified; because the part is cooled for a period of time, the temperature of the upper part adjacent to the part is also reduced, namely is lower than the initial high temperature by a certain temperature, so that the upper part does not need to be stopped and can be slowly raised, and the alloy melt below the water sprayer 3 is completely solidified without shrinkage cavity;

F. when the water jet 3 rises to the top of the mold, the rising of the cooling device for the cast target is stopped, and the cooling by the water jet 3 is continued until the temperature of the mold falls below 160, and the cooling is stopped, and the cooling is completed.

The shaft furnace 8 is preferably a resistance furnace capable of heating in stages, and when the mold 7 is cooled to a position where heating is stopped near and below the position and a heat-retaining state is maintained above the position. When the water sprayer 3 rises to the top of the mold in the step F, the furnace cover is preferably opened (before cooling, the bottom of the pit furnace 8 is provided with heat-insulating cotton which needs to be taken away during cooling, and the upper part is covered with heat-insulating cotton or the furnace cover) to release heat.

The working principle is as follows: referring to fig. 1-5, cooling water enters the cooling pipe 1 from the water inlet 11, and then is sprayed from the water sprayer 3 onto the inner wall of the hot mold 7, a part of water is vaporized, and a certain pressure is generated, and the blocking portion 2 can block the gas at the position from rising to a position where cooling is not performed, so that the alloy melt in the upper mold 7 is prevented from being cooled and even solidified in advance. The sprayed cooling water flows away from the through-hole 91.

Claims

1. A cooler for a casting target material is characterized in that: the cooling device is characterized by comprising a cooling pipe (1), wherein the upper end of the cooling pipe (1) is sealed, the lower end of the cooling pipe is opened, the upper end of the cooling pipe (1) is provided with a lifting ring (12), the upper part of the cooling pipe (1) is provided with a water inlet (11), the lower end of the cooling pipe (1) is provided with an external thread part (15), a fixing plate (14) is arranged above the external thread part (15), a blocking part (2) is arranged below the fixing plate (14), a fastening plate (5) is arranged below the blocking part (2), a water sprayer (3) is arranged below the fastening plate (5), and the water sprayer (3) is in threaded connection with the external thread part (15);

the sprinkler (3) comprises an upper sprinkler head (31) and a lower sprinkler head (32); an internal thread part (311) used for being in threaded connection with an external thread part (15) is arranged at the upper part of the upper water spraying head (31), a connecting part (312) is arranged at the middle part inside the upper water spraying head (31), a first threaded hole (3121) is arranged at the center of the connecting part (312), a plurality of channels (3122) are arranged around the first threaded hole (3121), and a first conical surface (313) is arranged at the lower part of the upper water spraying head (31); the center of the upper surface of the lower water spray head (32) is provided with a threaded column (321) which is used for being in threaded connection with the first threaded hole (3121), and the circumference of the upper surface of the lower water spray head (32) is provided with a second conical surface (322);

the lower part of the fixed plate (14) is provided with a heat insulation sleeve (6), the heat insulation sleeve (6) is positioned inside the blocking part (2), the upper part of the heat insulation sleeve (6) is provided with a heat insulation sheet (4), and the heat insulation sheet (4) is positioned between the fixed plate (14) and the blocking part (2); the heat preservation sleeve is characterized in that a heat preservation sheet (4) is arranged on the lower portion of the heat preservation sleeve (6), the heat preservation sheet (4) is located between the blocking portion (2) and the fastening plate (5), and a concave table for accommodating the heat preservation sleeve (6) is arranged on the upper portion of the fastening plate (5).

2. A cooler for a cast target as defined in claim 1 wherein: the outer circumference of the cooling pipe (1) is provided with a plurality of supporting columns (13).

3. A cooler for a cast target as defined in claim 2 wherein: the outer end of the supporting column (13) is spherical.

4. A cooler for a cast target according to claim 1, wherein: the vertex angle of the cone where the first conical surface (313) is located is 60-120 degrees, and the vertex angle of the cone where the second conical surface (322) is located is the same as that of the cone where the first conical surface (313) is located.

5. The cooler for a cast target according to claim 1, wherein: the lower water spraying head (32) is provided with a penetrating second threaded hole (323), a bolt (33) is connected with the second threaded hole (323) in a threaded mode, a plurality of grooves (3123) are formed in the periphery of the first threaded hole (3121) on the lower surface of the connecting portion (312), and the top of the bolt (33) can be inserted into one groove (3123).

6. A method of cooling a cast target using the cooler of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

A. vertically placing the end, provided with the hanging ring (12), of the cooler for the casting target material into a mold in an upward mode, wherein the water sprayer (3) is at a certain distance from the bottom of the mold, so that the distance from the position, sprayed to the inner wall of the mold, of a water curtain sprayed by the water sprayer (3) to the bottom of the mold is 3-8 cm;

B. hooking the lifting ring (12) by using a lifting hook of a crown block;

C. the water inlet (11) is connected with a water pipe connected with a water source;

D. water is introduced into the water inlet (11) through a water pipe connected with a water source, and cooling water is sprayed onto the inner wall of the mold from the water sprayer (3);

E. after water is supplied for a period of time, the casting target material is hoisted by a cooler by a crown block, the hoisting speed is 0.3-1 m/min, and a water sprayer (3) sprays water all the time during the period;

F. when the water sprayer (3) rises to the top of the die, the rising of the cooling device for the casting target is stopped, the water sprayer (3) is continuously used for spraying water for cooling until the temperature of the die is reduced to below 160 ℃, the cooling is stopped, and the cooling is finished.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of cooling comprises: the water pipe connected with the water source is a metal hose, and the other end of the water pipe is connected with a water pump or a tap water pipe with a valve.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of cooling comprises: and D, the flow rate of water flowing in the step D is 8-12 tons/hour, and the casting target material cooler is hoisted by a crown block after 30-50 seconds of water flowing in the step E.