CN113275497B - Upsetting crankshaft left and right die with hidden locking sliding pin - Google Patents
Upsetting crankshaft left and right die with hidden locking sliding pin Download PDFInfo
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- CN113275497B CN113275497B CN202110663327.7A CN202110663327A CN113275497B CN 113275497 B CN113275497 B CN 113275497B CN 202110663327 A CN202110663327 A CN 202110663327A CN 113275497 B CN113275497 B CN 113275497B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
- B21J13/025—Dies with parts moving along auxiliary lateral directions
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Abstract
The present invention relates to upsetting forging dies for large crankshaft, and more particularly to upsetting crankshaft left and right dies with hidden locking pins. The die has the characteristic of semicircular outline, the lower part near the maximum diameter parting surface at two sides is provided with a semicircular groove structure with a certain depth and a horizontally extended tangent line, the groove structure corresponds to four upsetting block fixtures at the upper left, the lower left, the upper right and the lower right of the die assembly, a sliding pin horizontal guiding blind hole is arranged, a rectangular groove with two open sides is manufactured at the tail end of the guiding blind hole, a threaded hole is formed at the tail end of the length, a sliding pin is arranged in the guiding blind hole, and a sliding pin non-return pressing block is assembled in the rectangular groove through screw connection after the sliding pin locks the die, so that the sliding rod is not withdrawn in a die locking position, and the sliding pin is hidden and protected. The upsetting crankshaft left and right die assembling and disassembling device has the advantages of high assembling and disassembling efficiency and good replacing and assembling operation safety, and simultaneously reduces the manufacturing cost of the left and right dies in other locking structure modes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of upsetting forging production processes of crankshafts, and particularly relates to upsetting crankshaft left and right dies with hidden locking sliding pins.
Background
The upsetting forging technology for crankshaft is a production method of forging each crank throw separately by changing its mould, local heating and local upsetting. And after the die changing, the local heating and the local upsetting are centralized and unified for each batch of forgings, the same crank throw is produced, then the die changing, the local heating and the local upsetting are centralized and unified for the next same crank throw, and the forging production of the batch of forgings of each crank throw and the flange of the large-scale crankshaft is completed after the die changing, the local heating and the local upsetting are performed in multiple batches.
The design outlines of all crank throws of a forging blank in the general forging production process are completely the same, the same forging forming die is adopted for forging, the forming die does not need to be replaced unless the special use working condition of the crankshaft determines that the designed individual crank throw of the crankshaft is different from other normal crank throws, and the flange of the crankshaft is different from the shape of the crank throw of the crankshaft, so that an upper middle die and a lower middle die of the crank throws, an upper middle die and a lower middle die of the flange, a left die and a right die are required to be manufactured and replaced independently. Because the crank throw spatial distribution angles and positions are different, and the forging blank needs to be positioned by a left die and a right die in the length direction, the high-temperature heated deformed metal is limited to finish forging on the upper middle die, the lower middle die, the left first die groove and the right first die groove of the crank throw or the flange, and a local upsetting crank throw forging blank or a crank flange forging blank is formed.
Taking the upset crankshaft 4 th crank throw as an example, the conventional left and right die mounting structure is as follows: the edge of the horizontal parting surface with the largest diameter of each left and right mold is provided with a longitudinal groove (figure 1 and figure 2), the position of the left and right moving block tooling corresponding to the longitudinal groove of the mold is provided with a groove (figure 4 and figure 5) with certain width and length, the depth of the groove is deeper than that of the mold, and the horizontal bottom surface of the groove is provided with a plurality of screw holes (figure 5). The left lower die and the right lower die are arranged in a combined sequence, a plurality of long hexagon socket head screws (figure 5) are preassembled, and then are arranged in the left lower moving block and the right lower moving block, the long screws penetrate through holes of the die thrust surfaces (figure 4) of the left lower moving block and the right lower moving block, and the dies are fastened on the left lower moving block and the right lower moving block through nut fastening. And then, fixing an L-shaped long pressing block (figure 5) on the longitudinal grooves of the left and right moving block tools by adopting a plurality of inner hexagonal socket head cap screws (figure 5), and lapping and pressing one part of the L-shaped long pressing block on the bottom surfaces of the longitudinal grooves of the left and right combined lower dies to realize the vertical fastening of the left and right lower dies. Then, left and right upper dies preassembled with a plurality of hexagon socket head cap long screws are hoisted and placed on the left and right lower dies in a row mode, a press sliding block is started to move downwards to drive a left and right upper moving block tool to be matched with the left and right upper dies, the preassembled plurality of hexagon socket head cap long screws penetrate through holes of thrust surfaces of the left and right upper moving block dies and are fastened through nuts, the dies are fastened in the longitudinal direction of the left and right upper moving blocks, then the press slowly moves upwards to drive the dies fastened in the length direction and the left and right upper moving blocks to move upwards for a certain distance, the L-shaped long pressing block is completely tightly installed and fixed on the left and right upper moving blocks through the hexagon socket head cap screws in the installation operation distance and range, and therefore various left and right upper dies are fixed through the L-shaped long pressing block in an overlapping mode, and complete fixation in the vertical direction is guaranteed. The process of disassembling the L-shaped long pressing block is reverse to the above description. In the processes of installing and disassembling the die and the like, particularly in the process of installing and disassembling the L-shaped long pressing block, the assembling working range of an operator is always within the coverage range of the upper left and right moving blocks and the die, and potential safety hazards exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides upset crankshaft left and right dies hiding locking pins, which adopts the technical solution as follows:
a upsetting crankshaft left and right die with hidden locking sliding pins comprises a movable block tool, a die, a long inner hexagonal socket head cap screw, a backstop press block, a lock pin and a cylindrical socket head cap screw;
the moving block tool is divided into an upper left moving block, an upper right moving block, a lower left moving block and a lower right moving block;
the die is divided into a left upper die combined die, a right upper die combined die, a left lower die combined die and a right lower die combined die; each combined die can consist of a plurality of dies, wherein a first die is arranged in the left upper die combined die, the right upper die combined die, the left lower die combined die and the right lower die combined die, and is close to one side edge of the movable block tooling;
designing and manufacturing a groove a formed by a small semicircle and a tangent horizontal extension line thereof on the surface of the excircle of the first die, wherein the depth of the groove a is H;
a sliding pin horizontal guiding blind hole is formed in the corresponding position of the groove a of the first die and the left upper moving block, the right upper moving block, the left lower moving block and the right lower moving block for mounting the dies, a rectangular groove b with two open sides is formed in the tail end of the guiding blind hole, and the groove b, the guiding blind hole and the groove a are communicated with each other and used for mounting a sliding pin;
and the tail end of each rectangular groove b in the length direction is provided with a threaded hole, and the threaded hole is used for installing and fixing the retaining pressing block.
The upsetting crankshaft left and right die with the hidden locking sliding pin has the preferable scheme that the sliding pin consists of a lock rod, a ring groove and a ring boss; the tool poking ring groove slides towards the lock rod direction, so that the first sheet die and the moving block tool are locked in the vertical direction;
the upsetting crankshaft left and right die with the hidden locking sliding pins has the preferable scheme that the backstop pressing block is L-shaped, is clamped at the outer edge of the ring boss and is integrally pressed in the rectangular groove b at the tail end of the guide blind hole; the backstop pressing block is provided with a threaded hole which is the same as the tail end of the rectangular groove b in the length direction, and the backstop pressing block is connected to the moving block tool through a cylindrical head hexagon socket head cap screw.
The upsetting crankshaft left and right dies hiding the locking sliding pin preferably have the advantages that the width value of the rectangular groove b is larger than the depth H of a groove a formed by a small semicircle of the first die and a horizontal extension line of a tangent line of the small semicircle and is larger than the sum of the lengths of a ring groove and a ring boss of the sliding pin.
The upsetting crankshaft left and right dies hiding the locking slide pins preferably have the length of the slide pins larger than the through length of the grooves a and the blind guiding holes.
The upsetting crankshaft left and right dies hiding the locking sliding pins preferably have the advantage that the through length of the grooves a, the horizontal guide blind holes and the grooves b is greater than that of the sliding pins.
A mounting method of upset crankshaft left and right dies hiding locking sliding pins comprises the following steps: before the die is replaced each time, after a plurality of upper and lower combined dies on the left side and the right side are removed, after the sliding pin parts are checked to be abnormal, each sliding pin is inserted into the horizontal guide blind hole of the inner semicircle of each moving block, the ring boss of the sliding pin is an insertion end, the sliding pin is inserted to the end, and at the moment, the whole sliding pin sinks into the guide blind hole. And hoisting a plurality of combined dies of various left side and right side lower dies, and hoisting a plurality of combined dies of various left side and right side upper dies. The long socket head cap screws need to be pre-threaded before the assembling dies are hoisted and arranged, and the long socket head cap screws do not expose at the thrust face ends of the dies. And the press machine moves downwards to carry out die assembly on the left and right upper and lower moving blocks, the upper and lower moving blocks contain various left and right upper and lower dies, and after the long hexagon socket head cap screw penetrates through the through hole on the thrust surface of the moving block, the nuts are used for fastening and mounting the various left and right upper and lower dies in the length direction at the rear end of the thrust surface of the moving block. Then an operator uses tools such as a crowbar and the like to move the sliding pin to slide towards the center direction of the die through the two-sided open rectangular groove b at the tail end of the guide blind hole, so that the sliding pin rod is inserted into the grooves a of the upper and lower first dies on the left and right sides to realize the locking in the vertical direction, then the sliding pin is inserted into the retaining press block and fixedly installed in the groove at the tail end of the guide blind hole of the movable block by using a hexagon socket head cap screw, thereby limiting the sliding pin to withdraw from the locking position and locking the upper and lower combined dies on all the left and right sides. The mold unloading process is opposite to the mold unloading process.
The invention has the following beneficial effects and advantages:
the invention can replace the sliding pin at the blind hole at the inner side of the driven block when the mould is replaced, and the semicircle and the horizontal tangent line groove at the two sides of the mould are convenient for an operator to observe the locking condition of the sliding pin and the mould, the deformation, the short stroke, the abrasion and the like of the sliding pin, and the sliding pin can be observed at the side part so as to be replaced in time.
The mould is fixedly installed, an operator always operates the side of the movable block, potential safety hazards are eliminated, the locking structures of various moulds are simple to manufacture, the manufacturing cost of the locking structures of various moulds is reduced, and the locking effect is high in reliability. The installation operation that a plurality of screws need to be fastened for fixing the die by the L-shaped pressing block in the prior art is eliminated, so that the locking installation operation of the die is simplified, and the die changing efficiency is obviously improved.
The upsetting crankshaft left and right die assembling and disassembling device has the advantages of high assembling and disassembling efficiency and good replacing and assembling operation safety, and simultaneously reduces the manufacturing cost of the left and right dies in other locking structure modes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the moving direction of a die in the forging process after die assembly without the adoption of the technology of the invention, taking the 4 th crank throw as an example for producing a crankshaft;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of FIG. 1 without the use of the inventive technique;
fig. 3 is a die assembly state diagram after upsetting of the 4 th crank throw of the upset crankshaft, which does not adopt the technology of the invention and comprises movable block tools of upper left, lower left, upper right and lower right;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of FIG. 3 without the inventive technique;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a mold lock configuration without the inventive technique;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of various left, right, upper and lower dies and movable block tools of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a view of the lower left first mold half of FIG. 6 taken in the direction of the A tangent of the horizontally extending groove;
FIG. 8 is a view of the lower left half of the first die of FIG. 6 taken in the direction of the semicircle and its tangent horizontally extending groove B;
FIG. 9 is a front view and a right side view of the slide bar;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a slide bar loading guide hole before die mounting using a left lower moving block as an example;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a locking die installation sequence using the inventive technique;
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the appearance of the left lower moving block and the mold after the locking mold is installed by the technique of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a partial D-D sectional view of FIG. 13;
FIG. 15 is a sectional view taken partially along line E-E of FIG. 13;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a slide bar backstop pressure block.
In the drawing, 1-upper left moving block, 2-upper right moving block, 3-lower left moving block, 4-lower right moving block, 5-upper left side mold assembly mold, 6-upper right side mold assembly mold, 7-lower left side mold assembly mold, 8-lower right side mold assembly mold, 9-first mold, 10-groove a, 11-guiding blind hole, 12-rectangular groove b, 13-threaded hole, 14-backstop pressing block, 15-sliding pin, 16-locking rod, 17-ring groove, 18-ring boss, 19-hexagon socket head cap screw, 20-long hexagon socket head cap screw, 21-thrust surface and 22-nut.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 6-16, the upsetting crankshaft left and right dies with hidden locking sliding pins comprise a moving block tool, a die, a long inner hexagonal socket head screw 20, a backstop pressing block 14, a sliding pin 15 and a socket head screw 19;
the moving block tool is divided into an upper left moving block 1, an upper right moving block 2, a lower left moving block 3 and a lower right moving block 4;
the dies are divided into a left upper die combined die 5, a right upper die combined die 6, a left lower die combined die 7 and a right lower die combined die 8; each combined die can be composed of a plurality of dies, wherein a first die 9 is arranged on one side edge, close to the moving block tool, of the left upper die combined die 5, the right upper die combined die 6, the left lower die combined die 7 and the right lower die combined die 8;
designing and manufacturing a groove a10 formed by a small semicircle and a tangent horizontal extension line thereof on the surface of the excircle of the first sheet of die 9, wherein the depth of the groove a10 is H;
a sliding pin horizontal guiding blind hole 11 is formed in the corresponding position of the groove a10 of the first die 9 and the upper left moving block 1, the upper right moving block 2, the lower left moving block 3 and the lower right moving block 4 for mounting the dies, a rectangular groove b12 with two open sides is formed in the tail end of the guiding blind hole 11, and the rectangular groove b12 is communicated with the guiding blind hole and the groove a and used for mounting a sliding pin;
a threaded hole 13 is formed at the end of each rectangular groove b12 in the length direction, and the threaded hole is used for installing and fixing a backstop pressing block 14.
The sliding pin 15 consists of a lock rod 16, a ring groove 17 and a ring boss 18; the first sheet die 9 and the moving block tool are locked in the vertical direction by sliding the tool toggle ring groove 17 towards the lock rod 16;
the backstop pressing block 14 is L-shaped, is clamped at the outer edge of the ring boss 18 and is integrally pressed in the rectangular groove b12 at the tail end of the guide blind hole 11; the backstop pressing block 14 is provided with a threaded hole 13 which is the same as the tail end of the rectangular groove b12 in the length direction, and the backstop pressing block 14 is connected to the moving block tool through a cylindrical head hexagon socket head cap screw 19.
The width value of the rectangular groove b12 is larger than the depth H of a groove a10 formed by a small semicircle of the first sheet die 9 and a tangent horizontal extension line thereof, and is larger than the sum of the lengths of a ring groove 17 and a ring boss 18 of the slide pin 15.
The length of the sliding pin 15 is greater than the length of the groove a10 and the blind guide hole 11.
The through length of the groove a10, the blind guide hole 11 and the rectangular groove b12 is greater than the length of the sliding pin 15.
A method for mounting the upset crankshaft left and right dies hiding the locking slide pins: before the die is replaced each time, after a plurality of upper and lower combined dies on the left side and the right side are removed, after the parts of the sliding pin 15 are checked to be abnormal, each sliding pin is inserted into the horizontal guide blind hole 11 of the inner semicircle of each moving block, the ring boss of the sliding pin 15 is an insertion end, the sliding pin 15 is inserted to the end, and at the moment, the sliding pin 15 is integrally sunk into the guide blind hole 11. And hoisting a plurality of combined dies of various left side and right side lower dies, and hoisting a plurality of combined dies of various left side and right side upper dies. Before the combined dies are hoisted, the long socket head cap screw 20 needs to be pre-threaded, and the long socket head cap screw 20 is not exposed at the end of the die thrust surface 21. The press machine moves downwards to close the left and right upper and lower moving blocks, the upper and lower moving blocks contain various left and right upper and lower dies, the long hexagon socket head cap screw 20 penetrates through a through hole in the moving block thrust surface 21, and the nuts 22 are used for fastening and mounting the various left and right upper and lower dies in the length direction at the rear end of the moving block thrust surface 21. Then, an operator uses a crowbar or other tools to move the sliding pin 15 to slide towards the center direction of the die through the two-sided open rectangular groove b12 at the tail end of the blind guide hole 11 on the side of the moving block close to the forming bell crank, so that the rod of the sliding pin 15 is inserted into the grooves a10 of the upper and lower first dies 9 on the left and right sides to realize vertical locking, then the sliding pin 15 is inserted into the anti-backing pressing block 14, and the hexagonal socket head cap screw 19 is fixedly arranged in the rectangular groove b12 at the tail end of the blind guide hole 11 of the moving block, so that the sliding pin 15 is limited to be withdrawn from the locking position, and the purpose of locking the upper and lower combined dies on the left and right sides is achieved. The mold unloading process is opposite to the mold unloading process.
Claims (4)
1. A upsetting crankshaft left and right die with hidden locking sliding pins is characterized in that: the tool comprises a moving block tool, a die, a long inner hexagonal socket head cap screw, a backstop pressing block, a lock pin and a socket head cap screw;
the moving block tool is divided into an upper left moving block, an upper right moving block, a lower left moving block and a lower right moving block 4;
the die is divided into a left upper die combined die, a right upper die combined die, a left lower die combined die and a right lower die combined die; each combined die can consist of a plurality of dies, wherein one of the left upper die combined die, the right upper die combined die, the left lower die combined die and the right lower die combined die, which is close to one side edge of the movable block tool, is a first die;
designing and manufacturing a groove a formed by a small semicircle and a tangent horizontal extension line thereof on the surface of the excircle of the first die, wherein the depth of the groove a is H;
a sliding pin horizontal guiding blind hole is formed in the corresponding position of the groove a of the first die and the left upper moving block, the right upper moving block, the left lower moving block and the right lower moving block for mounting the dies, a rectangular groove b with two open sides is formed in the tail end of the guiding blind hole, and the rectangular groove b is communicated with the guiding blind hole and the groove a and used for mounting the sliding pin;
the tail end of each rectangular groove b in the length direction is provided with a threaded hole, and the threaded hole is used for installing and fixing a retaining pressing block;
the sliding pin consists of a lock rod, a ring groove and a ring boss; the tool poking ring groove 17 slides towards the lock rod 16 to realize the vertical locking of the first sheet die and the movable block tool;
the backstop pressing block is L-shaped, is clamped at the outer edge of the ring boss and is integrally pressed in the rectangular groove b at the tail end of the guide blind hole; the backstop pressing block is provided with a threaded hole which is the same as the tail end of the rectangular groove b in the length direction, and the backstop pressing block is connected to the moving block tool through a cylindrical head hexagon socket head cap screw.
2. The upset crankshaft left and right molds hiding locking slide pins of claim 1, wherein: the width value of the rectangular groove b is larger than the depth H of a groove a formed by a small semicircle of the first die and a tangent horizontal extension line of the small semicircle, and is larger than the sum of the lengths of a ring groove and a ring boss of the sliding pin.
3. The upset crankshaft left and right molds hiding locking slide pins of claim 1, wherein: the length of the sliding pin is greater than the length of the through groove a and the guide blind hole.
4. The upset crankshaft left and right molds hiding locking slide pins of claim 1, wherein: the through length of the groove a, the guide blind hole and the rectangular groove b is larger than that of the sliding pin.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110663327.7A CN113275497B (en) | 2021-06-16 | 2021-06-16 | Upsetting crankshaft left and right die with hidden locking sliding pin |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110663327.7A CN113275497B (en) | 2021-06-16 | 2021-06-16 | Upsetting crankshaft left and right die with hidden locking sliding pin |
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| CN113275497A CN113275497A (en) | 2021-08-20 |
| CN113275497B true CN113275497B (en) | 2023-02-28 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202356561U (en) * | 2011-12-03 | 2012-08-01 | 辽宁五一八内燃机配件有限公司 | Crank shaft upsetting die |
| CN106853503A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-16 | 辽宁五八内燃机配件有限公司 | The positioning combined mould in crankshaft crank upsetting shaping axial direction |
| CN107537962A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2018-01-05 | 成都瑞联汇诚机电设备有限公司 | Hydraulic automatic locking forging dies device |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104325060B (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2017-01-25 | 燕山大学 | Forging die locking mechanism |
| CN110560620A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2019-12-13 | 太原通泽重工有限公司 | Self-holding upsetting equipment for horizontal state of upper die base |
| CN211437948U (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-09-08 | 文登恒润锻造有限公司 | Upset forging crankshaft turns neck frock and upset forging crankshaft processing equipment |
-
2021
- 2021-06-16 CN CN202110663327.7A patent/CN113275497B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202356561U (en) * | 2011-12-03 | 2012-08-01 | 辽宁五一八内燃机配件有限公司 | Crank shaft upsetting die |
| CN107537962A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2018-01-05 | 成都瑞联汇诚机电设备有限公司 | Hydraulic automatic locking forging dies device |
| CN106853503A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-16 | 辽宁五八内燃机配件有限公司 | The positioning combined mould in crankshaft crank upsetting shaping axial direction |
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| CN113275497A (en) | 2021-08-20 |
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