CN113275111A - Solid waste crushing device for constructional engineering - Google Patents

Solid waste crushing device for constructional engineering Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113275111A
CN113275111A CN202110540808.9A CN202110540808A CN113275111A CN 113275111 A CN113275111 A CN 113275111A CN 202110540808 A CN202110540808 A CN 202110540808A CN 113275111 A CN113275111 A CN 113275111A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
crushing device
cylinder
waste
filter cylinder
elastic
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Granted
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CN202110540808.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN113275111B (en
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宋伟友
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/24—Drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/14—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with more than one separator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
    • B02C2023/165—Screen denying egress of oversize material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
    • B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of crushing equipment, in particular to a solid waste crushing device for constructional engineering. The solid waste crushing device for the building engineering comprises a frame, a primary crushing device, a secondary crushing device, a packing auger and an elastic filter screen, wherein the primary crushing device is used for primarily crushing waste; the secondary crushing device is positioned above the right side of the primary crushing device, is used for secondarily grinding wastes, and slides leftwards when the load of the secondary crushing device is increased by a preset amount; the elastic filter screen is positioned between the first-stage crushing device and the second-stage crushing device and is extruded when the second-stage crushing device slides leftwards; the auger is rotatably arranged in the elastic filter screen so as to convey the wastes which do not pass through the elastic filter screen to the secondary crushing device; the left end of the packing auger is provided with a packing auger clutch which is configured to rotate the packing auger in an initial state, the packing auger stops transmission after the secondary crushing device slides leftwards for a preset distance, and the transmission of the packing auger is recovered after the secondary crushing device moves rightwards for the preset distance.

Description

Solid waste crushing device for constructional engineering
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crushing equipment, in particular to a solid waste crushing device for constructional engineering.
Background
With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization, the construction industry is also rapidly developing, and along with the increase of the generated construction wastes, the existing treatment method comprises the steps of crushing the construction wastes by using a crushing device for producing concrete and mortar with corresponding strength grade or preparing building material products such as building blocks, wall plates, floor tiles and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a solid waste crushing device for constructional engineering, and aims to solve the problems that an existing crushing device needs manual regulation and control and wastes time and labor.
The invention relates to a solid waste crushing device for constructional engineering, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a solid waste crushing device for construction engineering comprises a rack, a primary crushing device, a secondary crushing device, a packing auger, an elastic filter screen, a first driving device and a second driving device, wherein the primary crushing device is arranged on the rack, the right end of the primary crushing device is higher than the left end of the primary crushing device, and the primary crushing device is driven by the first driving device to preliminarily crush waste; the secondary crushing device is positioned above the right side of the primary crushing device, the right end of the secondary crushing device is higher than the left end of the primary crushing device, the secondary crushing device can be arranged on the rack in a left-right sliding mode, and is driven by the second driving device to grind the waste for the second time and slide to the left when the rated load of the waste is increased by a preset amount due to accumulation of the waste; the elastic filter screen comprises an upper end ring, a lower end ring and elastic strips, wherein the upper end ring is connected with the secondary crushing device, the lower end ring is rotatably connected with the primary crushing device, the elastic strips are provided with an inner layer and an outer layer, each layer of elastic strips is uniformly distributed, two ends of each layer of elastic strips are respectively connected with the upper end ring and the lower end ring, and the inner layer and the outer layer of elastic strips are arranged in a crossed manner to form filter holes so as to receive and filter wastes crushed by the primary crushing device, and are extruded when the secondary crushing device slides leftwards, and recover to deform and push the secondary crushing device to slide rightwards after the load of the secondary crushing device is reduced to a preset value; the packing auger is rotatably arranged in the elastic filter screen and comprises a packing auger shaft and a helical blade, and the right end of the packing auger shaft extends to the secondary crushing device and synchronously moves leftwards and rightwards along with the secondary crushing device; the spiral blade is arranged on the auger shaft so as to convey the waste which does not pass through the elastic filter screen to the secondary crushing device to be crushed along with the rotation of the auger shaft; the left side of the left end of the auger shaft is provided with an auger clutch, the auger clutch is configured to enable the auger shaft to rotate under the driving of the first driving device in an initial state, the auger shaft and the first driving device are disconnected after the secondary crushing device slides leftwards for a preset distance, and the auger shaft and the first driving device are recovered after the secondary crushing device moves rightwards for the preset distance.
Optionally, the auger clutch comprises a plurality of elastic plates, a first friction plate and a plurality of second friction plates, wherein the first friction plate is rotatably arranged and is driven by the first driving device to rotate; the elastic pieces extend along the radial direction of the auger shaft, the inner ends of the elastic pieces are connected with the auger shaft, and the outer ends of the elastic pieces are connected through the fixing ring; the second friction plate is arranged on the outer side of the fixing ring; in an initial state, the left end of the auger shaft is positioned at the right side of the first friction plate, the second friction plate is in contact with the first friction plate, so that the auger shaft rotates under the friction transmission of the first friction plate and the second friction plate, and after the auger shaft moves leftwards for a preset distance, the second friction plate bounces under the deformation action of the elastic plate to be separated from the first friction plate, so that the rotation speed of the auger shaft is reduced or stopped, and the second friction plate is in contact with the first friction plate again when the auger shaft moves rightwards.
Optionally, each elastic strip is an arch with an outward convex middle part, and a straight line connecting line between the left end and the right end of each elastic strip is obliquely arranged relative to the axis of the upper end ring, so that the middle part of the peripheral wall surface of the cylindrical space formed by enclosing each layer of elastic strips is inwards concave, and the elastic strips are extruded when the secondary crushing device slides leftwards, and the middle part of the peripheral wall surface of the cylindrical space formed by enclosing each layer of elastic strips further protrudes outwards, so that the peripheral wall surface of the cylindrical space tends to be gentle.
Optionally, the primary crushing device comprises an outer cylinder and a first filter cylinder, the outer cylinder is obliquely fixed on the frame, the right end of the outer cylinder is higher than the left end, the lower end ring is rotatably mounted at the right end of the outer cylinder, and a feed inlet is formed in the side wall of the outer cylinder; the first filter cylinder is rotatably arranged in the outer cylinder under the driving of the first driving device and is coaxial with the outer cylinder; a first blade is arranged outside the first filter cylinder, a second blade is arranged between the first filter cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the first blade and the second blade are distributed in an inserting way so as to respectively interact with the outer cylinder and the first filter cylinder to crush waste when the first filter cylinder rotates; the first filter cylinder is internally provided with a baffle, the left end of the baffle is coplanar with the left side surface of the first filter cylinder, the right end of the baffle extends into the elastic filter cylinder and is arranged on the outer cylinder through a baffle fixing piece, and the left end of the baffle is higher than the right end so as to receive waste passing through the first filter cylinder and convey the waste into the elastic filter cylinder; the first friction plate is fixedly arranged on the left side wall of the first filter cylinder, and the auger shaft penetrates through the baffle plate to enable the second friction plate to be in contact with the first friction plate.
Optionally, a bracket is arranged on the rack, the secondary crushing device comprises a second filter cylinder, an inner cylinder and an installation shaft, the installation shaft is obliquely and slidably installed on the bracket from side to side, the right end of the installation shaft is higher than the left end, the second filter cylinder is rotatably and synchronously slidably installed on the installation shaft from side to side under the driving of a second driving device, and an upper end ring is fixedly connected to the left end of the second filter cylinder; the inner cylinder is arranged in the second filter cylinder and is coaxial with the second filter cylinder, and the right end of the inner cylinder is connected with the mounting shaft through a plurality of mounting shaft connecting pieces which are distributed at intervals; the right parts of the auger shaft and the helical blade are rotatably inserted into the inner cylinder, the right end of the auger shaft is rotatably arranged on the mounting shaft in a manner of synchronously moving left and right, and the right end of the helical blade extends to the right end of the inner cylinder so as to convey waste materials to a position between the second filter cylinder and the inner cylinder from gaps of connecting sheets of the mounting shaft when rotating along with the auger shaft; when the second filter cylinder rotates, the third blade and the fourth blade interact with each other to grind waste between the second filter cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the ground waste is discharged from a filter hole in the second filter cylinder.
Optionally, the two layers of elastic strips are arranged in a crossed manner to form filtering holes with the size equal to that of the filtering holes on the second filtering cylinder, so that the filtering holes are pre-screened when the waste crushed by the primary crushing device is received, and the second filtering cylinder is assisted to screen the waste when the waste in the secondary crushing device slides into the elastic filtering net towards the lower left.
Optionally, a driven pulley extending leftward and coaxial with the first filter cylinder is disposed on the outer side of the left side wall of the first filter cylinder, the first driving device is a first motor, the first motor is mounted on the outer cylinder, and the first driving device drives the driven pulley to rotate through belt transmission, so as to drive the first filter cylinder to rotate.
Optionally, a rotatable friction wheel and a support wheel are arranged on the frame, the outer circumferential surface of the right end of the second filter cylinder is a friction surface, and the friction surface is abutted against the friction wheel; the second driving device is a second motor, the second motor drives the friction wheel to rotate, and then the second filter cylinder is driven to rotate through friction transmission; the right end part of the second filter cylinder is also provided with an annular groove, the second filter cylinder is supported against the supporting wheel through the annular groove, and the width of the annular groove is greater than that of the supporting wheel.
Optionally, a gap between the first filter cylinder and the outer cylinder forms a first crushing cavity, and the left end and the right end of the first crushing cavity are sealed; the gap between the inner cylinder and the second filter cylinder forms a second crushing cavity, the right end of the second crushing cavity is closed, and the left end of the second crushing cavity is opened.
Optionally, a discharge groove is formed in the machine frame, the discharge groove is located below the elastic filter screen and the second-stage crushing device, and the outer cylinder is mounted on the machine frame through a fixing support.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the solid waste crushing device for the building engineering, when the secondary crushing device piles and slides leftwards, the auger shaft is disconnected from the first driving rotation through the auger clutch to rotate, so that the feeding of the secondary crushing device is slowed down or stopped, and when the load of the secondary crushing device is reduced to a preset value, the auger shaft and the first driving rotation are recovered through the auger clutch to further recover the auger from rotating and feeding, the feeding start and stop of the secondary crushing device are automatically adjusted by utilizing the working condition of the secondary crushing device, manual regulation and control are not needed, the manpower is saved, and the crushing efficiency is effectively improved.
Further, the inside caving in middle part under initial condition of elasticity filter screen, and then hinders the landing to the below left of the wastes material among the secondary crushing device, and the bullet strip receives the extrusion when secondary crushing device slides left and the further outside arch in middle part makes every layer of bullet strip enclose the barrel-type middle part that closes and form outwards protruding and tend to gently with both ends, and then the landing to the below left of the wastes material among the secondary crushing device of being convenient for to alleviate secondary crushing device's load.
Furthermore, the two layers of elastic strips are arranged in a crossed mode to form filtering holes, the size of the filtering holes is equal to that of the filtering holes in the second filtering cylinder, pre-screening is conducted when waste crushed by the first-level crushing device is received, and when the waste in the second-level crushing device slides to the elastic filtering net from the lower left side, the second filtering cylinder is assisted to screen the waste, and screening efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall construction of an embodiment of a solid waste crushing apparatus for construction work according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another perspective of the overall structure of an embodiment of a solid waste crushing apparatus for construction work according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view showing the overall construction of an embodiment of a solid waste crushing apparatus for construction work according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the overall construction of an embodiment of a solid waste crushing apparatus for construction engineering according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the point A in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view showing the overall construction of an embodiment of a solid waste crushing apparatus for construction work according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is an exploded sectional view of an overall structure of an embodiment of a solid waste crushing apparatus for construction work according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view showing a structure of an elastic strip in an embodiment of a solid waste crushing apparatus for construction engineering according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of an alternative perspective of the structure of the elastic strip in the embodiment of the solid waste crushing apparatus for construction engineering according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of an elastic screen in an embodiment of a solid waste crushing apparatus for construction engineering according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the construction of an auger shaft and an auger clutch in an embodiment of the solid waste crushing apparatus for construction engineering according to the present invention;
in the figure: 101. a frame; 102. a support; 103. a discharge chute; 104. a support wheel; 105. fixing a strut; 106. a friction wheel; 11. an outer cylinder; 111. a first motor; 112. a first filter cartridge; 113. a first friction plate; 114. a first blade; 115. a second blade; 116. a baffle plate; 117. a baffle fixing sheet; 118. a feed inlet; 12. an elastic filter screen; 121. a spring bar; 122. an upper end ring; 123. a lower end ring; 13. a second filter cartridge; 131. a second motor; 132. a filter cylinder groove; 133. a third blade; 134. a fourth blade; 135. installing a shaft; 136. a packing auger matching groove; 138. mounting a shaft connecting sheet; 139. an inner barrel; 14. a packing auger; 141. a packing auger clutch; 142. a packing auger shaft; 143. an elastic sheet; 144. a second friction plate; 145. a helical blade.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
An embodiment of the solid waste crushing device for construction engineering of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 11, comprises a frame 101, a primary crushing device, a secondary crushing device, an auger 14, an elastic filter screen 12, a first driving device, a second driving device,
the primary crushing device is arranged on the frame 101, the right end of the primary crushing device is higher than the left end of the primary crushing device, and the primary crushing device is driven by the first driving device to crush waste preliminarily;
the secondary crushing device is positioned above the right side of the primary crushing device, the right end of the secondary crushing device is higher than the left end of the primary crushing device, the secondary crushing device is arranged on the rack 101 in a left-right sliding mode, and is driven by the second driving device to grind the waste for the second time and slide to the left when the load of the waste is increased due to accumulation of the waste;
the elastic filter screen 12 is positioned between the primary crushing device and the secondary crushing device to receive and filter the waste crushed by the primary crushing device; the elastic filter screen 12 comprises an upper end ring 122, a lower end ring 123 and elastic strips 121, wherein the upper end ring 122 is connected with a secondary crushing device, the lower end ring 123 is rotatably connected with a primary crushing device, the elastic strips 121 are provided with an inner layer and an outer layer, the inner layer and the outer layer of elastic strips 121 are crosswise arranged to form filter holes, are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the upper end ring 122, are respectively connected with the upper end ring 122 and the lower end ring 123 at two ends, are extruded when the secondary crushing device slides leftwards, and recover to deform and push the secondary crushing device to slide rightwards after the load of the secondary crushing device is reduced to a preset value;
the auger 14 is rotatably arranged in the elastic filter screen 12 and comprises an auger shaft 142 and a helical blade 145, and the right end of the auger shaft 142 extends to the secondary crushing device and synchronously moves leftwards and rightwards along with the secondary crushing device; the spiral blade 145 is installed on the auger shaft 142 to convey the waste which does not pass through the elastic filter screen 12 to the secondary crushing device to be crushed along with the rotation of the auger shaft 142; the left side of the left end of the auger shaft 142 is provided with an auger clutch 141, the auger clutch 141 is configured to enable the auger shaft 142 to rotate under the driving of the first driving device in an initial state, disconnect the transmission of the auger shaft 142 and the first driving device after the secondary crushing device slides leftwards for a preset distance, and recover the transmission of the auger shaft 142 and the first driving device after the secondary crushing device moves rightwards for the preset distance.
In this embodiment, the packing auger clutch 141 includes a plurality of elastic plates 143, a first friction plate 113 and a plurality of second friction plates 144, the first friction plate 113 is rotatably disposed and is driven by the first driving device to rotate; the elastic pieces 143 extend along the radial direction of the auger shaft 142, the inner ends of the elastic pieces are connected with the auger shaft 142, and the outer ends of the elastic pieces are connected through a fixing ring; the second friction plate 144 is arranged outside the fixed ring; in an initial state, the left end of the auger shaft 142 is located at the right side of the first friction plate 113, the second friction plate 144 is in contact with the first friction plate 113, so that the auger shaft 142 rotates under the friction transmission of the first friction plate 113 and the second friction plate 144, and after the auger shaft 142 moves leftwards for a preset distance, the second friction plate 144 bounces around the fixing ring under the deformation action of the elastic plate 143 to be separated from the contact with the first friction plate 113, so that the rotation speed of the auger shaft 142 is reduced or stopped, and the second friction plate 144 is in contact with the first friction plate 113 again when the auger shaft 142 moves rightwards.
In other embodiments of the present invention, the clutch 141 can be a dry friction plate clutch.
In this embodiment, each elastic strip 121 is an arch with a convex middle part, and a straight line connecting line at the left end and the right end of each elastic strip 121 is obliquely arranged relative to the axis of the upper end ring 122, so that the middle part of the peripheral wall surface of the cylindrical space formed by enclosing each layer of elastic strips 121 is inwards recessed, and further the waste in the secondary crushing device is prevented from sliding downwards to the left, and the elastic strips 121 are extruded when the secondary crushing device slides leftwards, and the middle part of the peripheral wall surface of the cylindrical space formed by enclosing each layer of elastic strips 121 further protrudes outwards, so that the central part of the peripheral wall surface of the cylindrical space tends to be gentle, and further the waste in the secondary crushing device is convenient to slide downwards to the left, and the load of the secondary crushing device is reduced.
In this embodiment, the primary crushing device comprises an outer barrel 11 and a first filter cartridge 112, the outer barrel 11 is obliquely fixed on the frame 101, the right end of the outer barrel 11 is higher than the left end, a lower end ring 123 is rotatably mounted at the right end of the outer barrel 11, and a feed inlet 118 is arranged on the side wall of the outer barrel 11; the first filter cartridge 112 is rotatably mounted in the outer cylinder 11 under the driving of the first driving device, and is coaxial with the outer cylinder 11; a first blade 114 is arranged outside the first filter cylinder 112, a second blade 115 is arranged between the first filter cylinder and the outer cylinder 11, and the first blade 114 and the second blade 115 are distributed in an inserting way so as to respectively interact with the outer cylinder 11 and the first filter cylinder 112 to crush waste when the first filter cylinder 112 rotates; a baffle plate 116 is further arranged in the first filter cartridge 112, the left end of the baffle plate 116 is coplanar with the left side surface of the first filter cartridge 112, the right end of the baffle plate 116 extends into the elastic filter screen 12 and is mounted on the outer cylinder 11 through a baffle plate fixing plate 117, and the left end of the baffle plate 116 is higher than the right end so as to receive waste passing through the first filter cartridge 112 and convey the waste into the elastic filter screen 12; the first friction plate 113 is fixedly arranged on the left side wall of the first filter cylinder 112, and the auger shaft 142 passes through the baffle plate 116 to enable the second friction plate 144 to be in contact with the first friction plate 113.
In this embodiment, the frame 101 is provided with a bracket 102, the secondary crushing device includes a second filter cartridge 13, an inner cylinder 139 and a mounting shaft 135, the mounting shaft 135 is mounted on the bracket 102 in a manner of inclining and sliding left and right, the right end of the mounting shaft 135 is higher than the left end, the second filter cartridge 13 is mounted on the mounting shaft 135 in a manner of rotating and synchronously sliding left and right under the driving of a second driving device, and the upper end ring 122 is fixedly connected to the left end of the second filter cartridge 13; the inner cylinder 139 is arranged in the second filter cylinder 13 and is coaxial with the second filter cylinder 13, and the right end of the inner cylinder 139 is connected with the mounting shaft 135 through a plurality of mounting shaft connecting pieces 138 which are distributed at intervals; the right parts of the auger shaft 142 and the helical blade 145 are rotatably inserted into the inner cylinder 139, the left side wall of the mounting shaft 135 is provided with an auger matching groove 136, the right end of the auger shaft 142 is rotatably mounted in the auger matching groove 136 in a manner of synchronously moving left and right, and the right end of the helical blade 145 extends to the right end of the inner cylinder 139 so as to convey wastes to the space between the second filter cylinder 13 and the inner cylinder 139 from gaps of a plurality of mounting shaft connecting pieces 138 when rotating along with the auger shaft 142; the inner wall of the second filter cartridge 13 is provided with a third blade 133, the outer wall of the inner cylinder 139 is provided with a fourth blade 134, when the second filter cartridge 13 rotates, the third blade 133 and the fourth blade 134 interact with each other to grind waste between the second filter cartridge 13 and the inner cylinder 139, and the ground waste is discharged from the filter holes of the second filter cartridge 13.
In this embodiment, the two layers of elastic strips 121 are arranged to intersect to form filtering holes with a size equal to that of the filtering holes of the second filter cartridge 13, so as to pre-screen the waste crushed by the primary crushing device when the waste is received, and to assist the second filter cartridge 13 in screening the waste when the waste in the secondary crushing device slides down to the elastic screen 12 toward the lower left.
In this embodiment, a driven pulley extending leftward and coaxial with the first filter cartridge 112 is disposed on an outer side of a left side wall of the first filter cartridge 112, the first driving device is a first motor 111, the first motor 111 is mounted on the outer cylinder 11, and the first driving device drives the driven pulley to rotate through belt transmission, so as to drive the first filter cartridge 112 to rotate.
In this embodiment, the frame 101 is provided with a rotatable friction wheel 106 and a support wheel 104, the outer circumferential surface of the right end of the second filter cartridge 13 is a friction surface, and the friction surface is abutted against the friction wheel 106; the second driving device is a second motor 131, the second motor 131 drives the friction wheel 104 to rotate, and then the second filter cartridge 13 is driven to rotate through friction transmission; the right end of the second filter cartridge 13 is also provided with an annular groove, the second filter cartridge 14 is supported against the support wheel 104 through the annular groove, and the width of the annular groove is larger than that of the support wheel 104, so that when the secondary crushing device slides leftwards, the second filter cartridge 13 is always supported against the support wheel 104, and the friction surface is always in contact with the friction wheel 104.
In the embodiment, the gap between the first filter cartridge 112 and the outer cylinder 11 forms a first crushing cavity, and the left and right ends of the first crushing cavity are closed, so as to avoid that the wastes which are not crushed sufficiently fall from the gap of the outer cylinder 11 of the first filter cartridge 112; the gap between the inner cylinder 139 and the second filter cartridge 13 forms a second crushing chamber, the right end of which is closed and the left end is open, so that the waste can slide from the left end to the elastic filter screen 12 when the secondary crushing device is loaded more.
In this embodiment, a discharge chute 103 is provided in the frame 101, the discharge chute 103 is located below the elastic screen 12 and the secondary crushing device to receive the waste filtered by the crushing elastic screen 12 and crushed by the secondary crushing device, and the outer tub 11 is mounted to the frame 101 through a fixing support 105.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a solid waste reducing mechanism for building engineering which characterized in that: the automatic waste crushing machine comprises a rack, a primary crushing device, a secondary crushing device, a packing auger, an elastic filter screen, a first driving device and a second driving device, wherein the primary crushing device is arranged on the rack, the right end of the primary crushing device is higher than the left end of the primary crushing device, and waste is crushed primarily under the driving of the first driving device; the secondary crushing device is positioned above the right side of the primary crushing device, the right end of the secondary crushing device is higher than the left end of the primary crushing device, the secondary crushing device can be arranged on the rack in a left-right sliding mode, and is driven by the second driving device to grind the waste for the second time and slide to the left when the rated load of the waste is increased by a preset amount due to accumulation of the waste; the elastic filter screen comprises an upper end ring, a lower end ring and elastic strips, wherein the upper end ring is connected with the secondary crushing device, the lower end ring is rotatably connected with the primary crushing device, the elastic strips are provided with an inner layer and an outer layer, each layer of elastic strips is uniformly distributed, two ends of each layer of elastic strips are respectively connected with the upper end ring and the lower end ring, and the inner layer and the outer layer of elastic strips are arranged in a crossed manner to form filter holes so as to receive and filter wastes crushed by the primary crushing device, and are extruded when the secondary crushing device slides leftwards, and recover to deform and push the secondary crushing device to slide rightwards after the load of the secondary crushing device is reduced to a preset value; the packing auger is rotatably arranged in the elastic filter screen and comprises a packing auger shaft and a helical blade, and the right end of the packing auger shaft extends to the secondary crushing device and synchronously moves leftwards and rightwards along with the secondary crushing device; the spiral blade is arranged on the auger shaft so as to convey the waste which does not pass through the elastic filter screen to the secondary crushing device to be crushed along with the rotation of the auger shaft; the left side of the left end of the auger shaft is provided with an auger clutch, the auger clutch is configured to enable the auger shaft to rotate under the driving of the first driving device in an initial state, the auger shaft and the first driving device are disconnected after the secondary crushing device slides leftwards for a preset distance, and the auger shaft and the first driving device are recovered after the secondary crushing device moves rightwards for the preset distance.
2. The solid waste crushing apparatus for construction engineering according to claim 1, wherein: the packing auger clutch comprises a plurality of elastic plates, a first friction plate and a plurality of second friction plates, wherein the first friction plate is rotatably arranged and is driven by the first driving device to rotate; the elastic pieces extend along the radial direction of the auger shaft, the inner ends of the elastic pieces are connected with the auger shaft, and the outer ends of the elastic pieces are connected through the fixing ring; the second friction plate is arranged on the outer side of the fixing ring; in an initial state, the left end of the auger shaft is positioned at the right side of the first friction plate, the second friction plate is in contact with the first friction plate, so that the auger shaft rotates under the friction transmission of the first friction plate and the second friction plate, and after the auger shaft moves leftwards for a preset distance, the second friction plate bounces under the deformation action of the elastic plate to be separated from the first friction plate, so that the rotation speed of the auger shaft is reduced or stopped, and the second friction plate is in contact with the first friction plate again when the auger shaft moves rightwards.
3. The solid waste crushing apparatus for construction engineering according to claim 1, wherein: every bullet strip is the outside bellied arch in middle part, and the straight line homogeneous phase between the both ends sets up for the axis slope of upper end ring about every bullet strip to the middle part that makes every layer of bullet strip enclose the perisporium face in the cartridge type space that closes and cave in inwards, and bullet strip receives the extrusion when second grade reducing mechanism slides left and the middle part is further outside protruding, makes the middle part of every layer of bullet strip enclosure the perisporium face in the cartridge type space that closes and move outward, makes the perisporium face in cartridge type space tend to gently.
4. The solid waste crushing apparatus for construction engineering according to claim 2, wherein: the primary crushing device comprises an outer barrel and a first filter barrel, wherein the outer barrel is obliquely fixed on the rack, the right end of the outer barrel is higher than the left end, a lower end ring is rotatably arranged at the right end of the outer barrel, and a feed inlet is formed in the side wall of the outer barrel; the first filter cylinder is rotatably arranged in the outer cylinder under the driving of the first driving device and is coaxial with the outer cylinder; a first blade is arranged outside the first filter cylinder, a second blade is arranged between the first filter cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the first blade and the second blade are distributed in an inserting way so as to respectively interact with the outer cylinder and the first filter cylinder to crush waste when the first filter cylinder rotates; the first filter cylinder is internally provided with a baffle, the left end of the baffle is coplanar with the left side surface of the first filter cylinder, the right end of the baffle extends into the elastic filter cylinder and is arranged on the outer cylinder through a baffle fixing piece, and the left end of the baffle is higher than the right end so as to receive waste passing through the first filter cylinder and convey the waste into the elastic filter cylinder; the first friction plate is fixedly arranged on the left side wall of the first filter cylinder, and the auger shaft penetrates through the baffle plate to enable the second friction plate to be in contact with the first friction plate.
5. The solid waste crushing apparatus for construction engineering according to claim 4, wherein: the rack is provided with a support, the secondary crushing device comprises a second filter cylinder, an inner cylinder and an installation shaft, the installation shaft is obliquely and horizontally slidably installed on the support, the right end of the installation shaft is higher than the left end, the second filter cylinder is rotatably and synchronously horizontally slidably installed on the installation shaft under the driving of a second driving device, and an upper end ring is fixedly connected to the left end of the second filter cylinder; the inner cylinder is arranged in the second filter cylinder and is coaxial with the second filter cylinder, and the right end of the inner cylinder is connected with the mounting shaft through a plurality of mounting shaft connecting pieces which are distributed at intervals; the right parts of the auger shaft and the helical blade are rotatably inserted into the inner cylinder, the right end of the auger shaft is rotatably arranged on the mounting shaft in a manner of synchronously moving left and right, and the right end of the helical blade extends to the right end of the inner cylinder so as to convey waste materials to a position between the second filter cylinder and the inner cylinder from gaps of connecting sheets of the mounting shaft when rotating along with the auger shaft; when the second filter cylinder rotates, the third blade and the fourth blade interact with each other to grind waste between the second filter cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the ground waste is discharged from a filter hole in the second filter cylinder.
6. The solid waste crushing apparatus for construction engineering according to claim 5, wherein: the two layers of elastic strips are arranged in a crossed mode to form filtering holes, the size of the filtering holes is equal to that of the filtering holes in the second filtering cylinder, pre-screening is carried out when waste crushed by the first-stage crushing device is received, and when the waste in the second-stage crushing device slides to the elastic filtering net from the left lower side, the second filtering cylinder is assisted to screen the waste.
7. The solid waste crushing apparatus for construction engineering according to claim 4, wherein: the left side wall outside of first straining a section of thick bamboo is provided with extend left and strain coaxial driven pulley with first, and first drive arrangement is first motor, and first motor is installed on the urceolus, and drives driven pulley through the belt drive and rotate, and then drives first a section of thick bamboo and rotate.
8. The solid waste crushing apparatus for construction engineering according to claim 5, wherein: the frame is provided with a rotatable friction wheel and a support wheel, the outer circumferential surface of the right end part of the second filter cylinder is a friction surface, and the friction surface is supported against the friction wheel; the second driving device is a second motor, the second motor drives the friction wheel to rotate, and then the second filter cylinder is driven to rotate through friction transmission; the right end part of the second filter cylinder is also provided with an annular groove, the second filter cylinder is supported against the supporting wheel through the annular groove, and the width of the annular groove is greater than that of the supporting wheel.
9. The solid waste crushing apparatus for construction engineering according to claim 5, wherein: a first crushing cavity is formed by a gap between the first filter cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the left end and the right end of the first crushing cavity are sealed; the gap between the inner cylinder and the second filter cylinder forms a second crushing cavity, the right end of the second crushing cavity is closed, and the left end of the second crushing cavity is opened.
10. The solid waste crushing apparatus for construction engineering according to claim 4, wherein: the frame is provided with a discharge groove which is positioned below the elastic filter screen and the second-stage crushing device, and the outer cylinder is arranged on the frame through a fixed support.
CN202110540808.9A 2021-05-18 2021-05-18 Solid waste crushing device for constructional engineering Active CN113275111B (en)

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