CN113268905A - Method for quickly optimizing steel truss girder rod piece - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for quickly optimizing a steel truss girder rod piece, which comprises the following steps: classifying units belonging to the same rod piece based on preset structural parameters and detection and calculation results, and extracting results of strength, stability and fatigue maximum stress ratio; arranging a section library, sequencing the sections in the section library according to the increasing of the area of the fur section, positioning the position i of the current rod section in the section library, and marking as the section i; respectively setting optimization targets, namely a maximum stress ratio, for the strength detection calculation, the stability detection calculation and the fatigue detection calculation; comparing the stress ratio result of the rod piece with the optimization target, taking the section i as a starting point, and trial calculating the section i +1 or the section i-1 according to the situation until the optimization target is met; and optimizing all the rod pieces of the steel truss girder by repeating the method. The steel truss girder member design method can ensure that each member adopts the most economical section under the condition of meeting the optimization target, not only realizes the optimization of the economic index of the steel truss girder, but also improves the design efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of bridge engineering design, and particularly relates to a method for quickly optimizing a steel truss girder rod piece.
Background
The steel truss girder has the advantages of strong spanning capability, large rigidity, light dead weight, good earthquake resistance, low line design elevation and the like, and is a common bridge in a large-span railway bridge.
The steel truss girder has numerous rod pieces and large calculation workload, the initial section size generally cannot meet the design requirement, and the rod pieces need to be optimized. In order to achieve the design goal that all the rods are safe and economical, the rods are required to be subjected to trial calculation for many times, so that the optimization work is a time-consuming and labor-consuming repetitive work. This is often contradictory to the tight design cycle, resulting in unnecessary waste as the designer only considers the structural safety and performs the steel truss design at the expense of economy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention is provided for solving the problems in the prior art, and aims to provide a method for quickly optimizing a steel truss girder rod piece.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for quickly optimizing a steel truss girder rod piece comprises the following steps:
A. classifying units belonging to the same rod piece based on preset structural parameters and detection and calculation results, and extracting results of strength, stability and fatigue maximum stress ratio;
B. arranging a section library, sequencing the sections in the section library according to the increasing of the area of the fur section, positioning the position i of the current rod section in the section library, and marking as the section i;
C. respectively setting optimization targets, namely a maximum stress ratio, for the strength detection calculation, the stability detection calculation and the fatigue detection calculation;
D. comparing the stress ratio result of the rod piece with the optimization target, taking the section i as a starting point, and trial calculating the section i +1 or the section i-1 according to the situation until the optimization target is met;
E. and optimizing all the rod pieces of the steel truss girder by repeating the method.
Furthermore, the structural parameters in step a are used to determine the membership of the unit and the rod.
Further, the calculation results in step A should include strength-axial direction calculated stress ratio, strength-axial direction bending calculated stress ratio, strength-pure direction bending calculated stress ratio, strength-shearing calculated stress ratio, strength-conversion stress ratio, stable-axial direction calculated stress ratio, stable-pure direction bending calculated stress ratio, stable-axial direction bending calculated stress ratio and fatigue detection stress ratio.
Furthermore, the maximum stress ratio result of the step A refers to the maximum value of each stress ratio screened from the detection result types.
Further, the section library in the step B is a plurality of section libraries established for the rod member type and the rod member position.
Furthermore, the number of optimization targets set by the intensity check, the stability check and the fatigue check in the step C is consistent with the type of data contained in the check result.
Further, the step D of comparing the stress ratio result of the rod section i with the optimization target specifically includes the following steps:
firstly, carrying out the same type comparison on the maximum stress ratio of a detection and calculation result and the maximum stress ratio of an optimization target;
when at least one of the maximum stress ratio results of the current rod piece exceeds the corresponding optimized target stress ratio, executing maximum section judgment;
and when the current maximum stress ratio result of the rod does not exceed the corresponding optimized target stress ratio, executing minimum section judgment.
Further, the maximum cross section determination specifically includes the following steps:
D1. judging whether the section i is the maximum section in the current rod section library,
if the judgment result is true, stopping optimization and returning annotation information;
if the judgment result is false, continuing to execute the following steps;
D2. the section i +1 is taken as the basis to carry out trial calculation of strength, stability and fatigue, the judgment is continued according to the trial calculation result,
if the strength, stability and fatigue trial calculation results all meet the corresponding optimization target, replacing the section of the rod piece with a section i +1, and stopping optimization;
if at least one of the trial calculation results of strength, stability and fatigue exceeds the corresponding optimization target, continuing to execute the following steps;
D3. judging whether the section i +1 is the maximum section in the current rod section library,
if the section i +1 is the maximum section in the section library, replacing the section of the rod piece with the section i +1, returning annotation information, and stopping optimization;
if the section i +1 is not the maximum section in the section library, the step is repeatedly executed on the basis of the section i +2, and so on, the optimization is judged to be completed according to the standard that the trial calculation results of strength, stability and fatigue all meet the corresponding optimization target, or the section reaches the maximum section in the database.
Further, the minimum cross section determination specifically includes the following steps:
d1. judging whether the section i is the minimum section in the current rod section library,
if the judgment result is true, stopping optimization and returning annotation information;
if the judgment result is false, continuing to execute the following steps;
d2. the section i-1 is taken as the basis to carry out trial calculation of strength, stability and fatigue, the judgment is carried out according to the trial calculation result,
if at least one trial calculation result of strength, stability and fatigue exceeds the corresponding optimization target, replacing the section of the rod piece with the section of the previous trial calculation, stopping optimization and returning annotation information;
if the trial calculation results of strength, stability and fatigue all meet the corresponding optimization target, continuously executing the following steps;
d3. judging whether the section i-1 is the minimum section in the section library,
if the section i-1 is the minimum section in the section library, replacing the section of the rod piece with the section i-1, returning annotation information, and stopping optimization;
if the section i-1 is not the minimum section in the section library, the step is continuously executed on the basis of the section i-2, and so on, and the criterion for finishing the optimization is to adopt the previous trial calculation section or adopt the minimum section in the database when at least one trial calculation result of strength, stability and fatigue exceeds the corresponding optimization target.
The invention can optimize all the rod pieces of the full bridge at the same time, and has high optimization efficiency. The project optimized by the traditional design means can be completed within half an hour, so that the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the productivity is liberated.
The optimization method has clear optimization targets, the structure safety and the economy are considered comprehensively, and the optimization result always meets the optimal economy on the premise of the structure safety.
The steel truss girder member design method can ensure that each member adopts the most economical section under the condition of meeting the optimization target, not only realizes the optimization of the economic index of the steel truss girder, but also improves the design efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a finite element model of a cable-stayed bridge with a steel truss as a main girder according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is modeling data and stress ratio calculation results of units of a lower chord of an E0E1 segment before optimization according to the invention;
fig. 4 shows the stress ratio detection result and the section adjustment of the optimized lower chord of the segment E0E1 in the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, a method for rapidly optimizing a steel truss girder rod member includes the following steps:
A. classifying units belonging to the same rod piece based on preset structural parameters and detection and calculation results, and extracting results of strength, stability and fatigue maximum stress ratio;
B. arranging a section library, sequencing the sections in the section library according to the increasing of the area of the fur section, positioning the position i of the current rod section in the section library, and marking as the section i;
C. respectively setting optimization targets, namely a maximum stress ratio, for the strength detection calculation, the stability detection calculation and the fatigue detection calculation;
D. comparing the stress ratio result of the rod piece with the optimization target, taking the section i as a starting point, and trial calculating the section i +1 or the section i-1 according to the situation until the optimization target is met;
E. and optimizing all the rod pieces of the steel truss girder by repeating the method.
Furthermore, the structural parameters in step a are used to determine the membership of the unit and the rod.
Further, the calculation results in step A should include strength-axial direction calculated stress ratio, strength-axial direction bending calculated stress ratio, strength-pure direction bending calculated stress ratio, strength-shearing calculated stress ratio, strength-conversion stress ratio, stable-axial direction calculated stress ratio, stable-pure direction bending calculated stress ratio, stable-axial direction bending calculated stress ratio and fatigue detection stress ratio.
Furthermore, the maximum stress ratio result of the step A refers to the maximum value of each stress ratio screened from the detection result types.
Further, the section library in the step B is a plurality of section libraries established for the rod member type and the rod member position.
Furthermore, the number of optimization targets set by the intensity check, the stability check and the fatigue check in the step C is consistent with the type of data contained in the check result.
Further, the step D of comparing the stress ratio result of the rod section i with the optimization target specifically includes the following steps:
firstly, carrying out the same type comparison on the maximum stress ratio of a detection and calculation result and the maximum stress ratio of an optimization target;
when at least one of the maximum stress ratio results of the current rod piece exceeds the corresponding optimized target stress ratio, executing maximum section judgment;
and when the current maximum stress ratio result of the rod does not exceed the corresponding optimized target stress ratio, executing minimum section judgment.
Further, the maximum cross section determination specifically includes the following steps:
D1. judging whether the section i is the maximum section in the current rod section library,
if the judgment result is true, stopping optimization and returning annotation information;
if the judgment result is false, continuing to execute the following steps;
D2. the section i +1 is taken as the basis to carry out trial calculation of strength, stability and fatigue, the judgment is continued according to the trial calculation result,
if the strength, stability and fatigue trial calculation results all meet the corresponding optimization target, replacing the section of the rod piece with a section i +1, and stopping optimization;
if at least one of the trial calculation results of strength, stability and fatigue exceeds the corresponding optimization target, continuing to execute the following steps;
D3. judging whether the section i +1 is the maximum section in the current rod section library,
if the section i +1 is the maximum section in the section library, replacing the section of the rod piece with the section i +1, returning annotation information, and stopping optimization;
if the section i +1 is not the maximum section in the section library, the step is repeatedly executed on the basis of the section i +2, and so on, the optimization is judged to be completed according to the standard that the trial calculation results of strength, stability and fatigue all meet the corresponding optimization target, or the section reaches the maximum section in the database.
Further, the minimum cross section determination specifically includes the following steps:
d1. judging whether the section i is the minimum section in the current rod section library,
if the judgment result is true, stopping optimization and returning annotation information;
if the judgment result is false, continuing to execute the following steps;
d2. the section i-1 is taken as the basis to carry out trial calculation of strength, stability and fatigue, the judgment is carried out according to the trial calculation result,
if at least one trial calculation result of strength, stability and fatigue exceeds the corresponding optimization target, replacing the section of the rod piece with the section of the previous trial calculation, stopping optimization and returning annotation information;
if the trial calculation results of strength, stability and fatigue all meet the corresponding optimization target, continuously executing the following steps;
d3. judging whether the section i-1 is the minimum section in the section library,
if the section i-1 is the minimum section in the section library, replacing the section of the rod piece with the section i-1, returning annotation information, and stopping optimization;
if the section i-1 is not the minimum section in the section library, the step is continuously executed on the basis of the section i-2, and so on, and the criterion for finishing the optimization is to adopt the previous trial calculation section or adopt the minimum section in the database when at least one trial calculation result of strength, stability and fatigue exceeds the corresponding optimization target.
The step A comprises the following contents:
A1. the preset structural parameters generally comprise steel trusses along a bridge direction coordinate axis, a transverse bridge direction coordinate axis, the length of a full bridge section of an upper chord, the coordinates of the starting points of all upper chords and transverse bridge direction groups thereof, the numbers of units of all upper chords, the length of a full bridge section of a lower chord, the coordinates of the starting points of all lower chords and transverse bridge direction groups thereof, the numbers of units of all lower chords and the numbers of units of all web members.
A2-1. when optimizing the upper chord of segment s, traverse the upper chord elements, add to the set { Es } elements that are within the range of upper chord origin coordinates of segment s and that are transverse to the elements that are coincident with segment s.
A2-2. optimization of the lower chord at segment s, the lower chord elements are traversed and added to the set { Es } to elements that are within the range of lower chord origin coordinates for segment s and that are transverse to the element coincident with segment s.
A2-3, when the vertical web member of the segment s is optimized, traversing the web member units, and adding the units which are consistent with the segment s in the horizontal bridge direction and equal in the coordinates of the two ends of i and j along the bridge direction to the set { Es }, in the range of the lower chord member origin-destination coordinates of the segment s.
A2-4, when optimizing the diagonal web member of the segment s, traversing the web member units, and adding the units with consistent transverse bridge direction coordinates and along-bridge direction coordinates of the two ends of i and j to the set { Es } in the lower chord member origin-destination coordinate range of the segment s and consistent slope.
A3. And extracting the strength-axial detection stress ratio, the strength-axial bending detection stress ratio, the strength-pure bending detection stress ratio, the strength-shearing detection stress ratio, the strength-conversion stress detection stress ratio, the stable-axial detection stress ratio, the stable-pure bending detection stress ratio, the stable-axial bending detection stress ratio and the fatigue detection stress ratio of all units in the set { Es }, and respectively taking the maximum values.
And B, arranging one or more section libraries for optimized use according to the member type and the transverse bridge direction position of the member, and sequencing the sections in the section libraries from small to large according to the area of the sections, wherein the member type comprises an upper chord, a lower chord and a web member.
Example one
In this embodiment, based on a finite element model of a cable-stayed bridge with a steel truss girder as a main girder, as shown in fig. 2, the axis of the bridge along the bridge direction is an x axis, the segment length is 15m, the full bridge has 84 segments, the x coordinate range of the lower chord is-630 m to 630m, the x coordinate range of the lower chord of the E0E1 segment is-630 m to-615 m, and 615m to 630m, and the invention will be further described in detail by taking the lower chord of the E0E1 segment of the bridge as an example.
And (B) searching coordinates of the lower chord units, wherein the units belonging to the lower chord of the E0E1 section comprise units No. 80001-80005, No. 80416-80420, No. 140001-140005 and No. 140416-140420, and the step A is shown in the graph of FIG. 3, which is a modeling data and stress ratio detection result of each unit of the lower chord of the E0E1 section before optimization.
And setting a section library, namely step B. Adding the sections 10-17 into a section library, rearranging the sections according to the gross area from small to large, wherein the sequence after arrangement is shown in the following table:
the original section of the lower chord of the E0E1 segment is section No. 15, which is marked as section 3.
And setting an optimization target, namely step C. In the embodiment, 5 indexes of strength-axial checking calculation, strength-axial bending checking calculation, stability-axial bending checking calculation and fatigue checking calculation are taken as optimization targets, and the maximum stress ratio required by strength and stability is not more than 0.8.
The maximum stress ratio of the E0E1 segment lower chord strength is 0.88 before optimization and exceeds the strength optimization target by 0.8; the stable maximum stress ratio is 0.54, and the stable optimization target is not exceeded by 0.8; the fatigue maximum stress ratio is 0.78 and does not exceed the fatigue optimization goal of 1.
Since the intensity result is beyond the optimization goal, step D1 is performed.
When the current cross-section 3 is not the largest cross-section in the cross-section library, step D2 is performed.
The section 4 was used for trial calculation of strength, stability and fatigue. And trial calculation results are that the strength stress ratio is 0.79, the stable stress ratio is 0.49 and the fatigue stress ratio is 0.72, the optimization target can be met, the condition of finishing the optimization is met, the section of the lower chord of the E0E1 segment is replaced by the section 4, and the optimization is stopped.
The method is repeated to optimize other rod pieces of the bridge.
Fig. 4 shows the stress ratio detection result and the section adjustment condition of the optimized lower chord of the E0E1 segment.
The invention can optimize all the rod pieces of the full bridge at the same time, and has high optimization efficiency. The project optimized by the traditional design means can be completed within half an hour, so that the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the productivity is liberated.
The optimization method has clear optimization targets, the structure safety and the economy are considered comprehensively, and the optimization result always meets the optimal economy on the premise of the structure safety.
The steel truss girder member design method can ensure that each member adopts the most economical section under the condition of meeting the optimization target, not only realizes the optimization of the economic index of the steel truss girder, but also improves the design efficiency.
Claims (9)
1. A method for quickly optimizing a steel truss girder rod piece is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(A) classifying units belonging to the same rod piece based on preset structural parameters and detection and calculation results, and extracting results of strength, stability and fatigue maximum stress ratio;
(B) arranging a section library, sequencing the sections in the section library according to the increasing of the area of the fur section, positioning the position i of the current rod section in the section library, and marking as the section i;
(C) respectively setting optimization targets, namely a maximum stress ratio, for the strength detection calculation, the stability detection calculation and the fatigue detection calculation;
(D) comparing the stress ratio result of the rod piece with the optimization target, taking the section i as a starting point, and trial calculating the section i +1 or the section i-1 according to the situation until the optimization target is met;
(E) and optimizing all the rod pieces of the steel truss girder by repeating the method.
2. The method for rapidly optimizing a steel truss girder rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the structural parameters in step (A) are used to determine the membership of the units and the rods.
3. The method for rapidly optimizing a steel truss girder rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the calculation result in the step (A) comprises a strength-axial detection stress ratio, a strength-axial bending detection stress ratio, a strength-pure bending detection stress ratio, a strength-shearing detection stress ratio, a strength-reduced stress detection stress ratio, a stable-axial detection stress ratio, a stable-pure bending detection stress ratio, a stable-axial bending detection stress ratio and a fatigue detection stress ratio.
4. The method for rapidly optimizing a steel truss girder rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (C) the maximum stress ratio result in the step (A) refers to the maximum value of each stress ratio screened from the detection result types.
5. The method for rapidly optimizing a steel truss girder rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the section library in the step (B) is a plurality of section libraries established according to the rod piece category and the rod piece position.
6. The method for rapidly optimizing a steel truss girder rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (C) the number of the optimization targets set by the intensity detection, the stability detection and the fatigue detection in the step (C) is consistent with the data type contained in the detection result.
7. The method for rapidly optimizing a steel truss girder rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein: step (D) comparing the stress ratio result of the section i of the rod piece with an optimization target, and specifically comprising the following processes:
firstly, carrying out the same type comparison on the maximum stress ratio of a detection and calculation result and the maximum stress ratio of an optimization target;
when at least one of the maximum stress ratio results of the current rod piece exceeds the corresponding optimized target stress ratio, executing maximum section judgment;
and when the current maximum stress ratio result of the rod does not exceed the corresponding optimized target stress ratio, executing minimum section judgment.
8. The method for rapidly optimizing a steel truss girder rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the maximum section judgment specifically comprises the following steps:
(D1) judging whether the section i is the maximum section in the current rod section library,
if the judgment result is true, stopping optimization and returning annotation information;
if the judgment result is false, continuing to execute the following steps;
(D2) the section i +1 is taken as the basis to carry out trial calculation of strength, stability and fatigue, the judgment is continued according to the trial calculation result,
if the strength, stability and fatigue trial calculation results all meet the corresponding optimization target, replacing the section of the rod piece with a section i +1, and stopping optimization;
if at least one of the trial calculation results of strength, stability and fatigue exceeds the corresponding optimization target, continuing to execute the following steps;
(D3) judging whether the section i +1 is the maximum section in the current rod section library,
if the section i +1 is the maximum section in the section library, replacing the section of the rod piece with the section i +1, returning annotation information, and stopping optimization;
if the section i +1 is not the maximum section in the section library, the step is repeatedly executed on the basis of the section i +2, and so on, the optimization is judged to be completed according to the standard that the trial calculation results of strength, stability and fatigue all meet the corresponding optimization target, or the section reaches the maximum section in the database.
9. The method for rapidly optimizing a steel truss girder rod as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the minimum cross section judgment specifically comprises the following steps:
(d1) judging whether the section i is the minimum section in the current rod section library,
if the judgment result is true, stopping optimization and returning annotation information;
if the judgment result is false, continuing to execute the following steps;
(d2) the section i-1 is taken as the basis to carry out trial calculation of strength, stability and fatigue, the judgment is carried out according to the trial calculation result,
if at least one trial calculation result of strength, stability and fatigue exceeds the corresponding optimization target, replacing the section of the rod piece with the section of the previous trial calculation, stopping optimization and returning annotation information;
if the trial calculation results of strength, stability and fatigue all meet the corresponding optimization target, continuously executing the following steps;
(d3) judging whether the section i-1 is the minimum section in the section library,
if the section i-1 is the minimum section in the section library, replacing the section of the rod piece with the section i-1, returning annotation information, and stopping optimization;
if the section i-1 is not the minimum section in the section library, the step is continuously executed on the basis of the section i-2, and so on, and the criterion for finishing the optimization is to adopt the previous trial calculation section or adopt the minimum section in the database when at least one trial calculation result of strength, stability and fatigue exceeds the corresponding optimization target.
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| 严永阳: "悬臂施工中连续钢桁梁桥结构性能分析与控制技术研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库》 * |
| 张雷等: "杭绍台铁路椒江特大桥主桥设计", 《第九届桥梁与隧道工程技术论坛论文集中国铁道学会》 * |
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