CN113267559A - Magnetic flux leakage detection device and magnetic flux leakage detection method - Google Patents
Magnetic flux leakage detection device and magnetic flux leakage detection method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetic flux leakage detection device and a magnetic flux leakage detection method, wherein the magnetic flux leakage detection device comprises an excitation assembly and a sensor assembly, the excitation assembly is used for magnetizing a to-be-tested piece and comprises a magnetic transmission piece and a magnetic assembly, the first magnetic transmission piece is hollow, the magnetic assembly is nested in the first magnetic transmission piece, the magnetic assembly and the first magnetic transmission piece are arranged at intervals, a first upper end surface of the magnetic assembly and a second upper end surface of the first magnetic transmission piece are coplanar, a first lower end surface of the magnetic assembly and a second lower end surface of the first magnetic transmission piece are coplanar, the two lower end surfaces are matched on the surface of the to-be-tested piece, the second magnetic transmission piece is simultaneously connected with the first upper end surface and the second upper end surface, the sensor assembly is arranged between the first magnetic transmission piece and the magnetic assembly, the sensor assembly is arranged on the magnetic assembly close to the first lower end surface, and the sensor assembly is used for detecting defects on the to-be-tested piece. The magnetic flux leakage detection device provided by the embodiment of the invention can detect multi-directional defects, and has strong detection capability and low leakage detection rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of magnetic flux leakage nondestructive testing, and particularly relates to a magnetic flux leakage testing device and a magnetic flux leakage testing method.
Background
The magnetic flux leakage detection technology is a safe and efficient detection technology, has the advantages of no need of a coupling agent, simple principle, small influence of severe detection environments such as oil stains and the like, and is widely applied to nondestructive detection of ferromagnetic materials. Especially plays an irreplaceable role in the factory detection of steel pipes and steel plates and the in-service nondestructive detection of storage tank bottom plates and oil and gas pipelines.
The magnetic leakage detection is characterized in that saturation magnetization is carried out on ferromagnetic materials, in the existing magnetic leakage detection technology of the steel plate, magnetic yoke type magnetization is generally adopted for magnetization of the steel plate, and a U-shaped excitation structure formed by a magnetic yoke and a permanent magnet or an excitation coil and the steel plate form a closed magnetic loop to achieve the magnetization purpose. When the width of the steel plate is consistent with that of the excitation device, the steel plate can be equivalent to a two-dimensional model, at the moment, the local steel plate is easy to reach the saturation magnetization intensity, and if the steel plate has defects, the magnetic leakage signal is larger. In practical situations, the width of the steel plate is much larger than that of the excitation device, so that magnetic lines of force are dispersed in the steel plate and saturation magnetization is difficult to achieve, and therefore, when a leakage magnetic signal of a defect is weak, the defect is difficult to detect.
In order to solve the above problems, the prior art generally adopts a method of increasing the intensity of the excitation source to increase the saturation magnetization, specifically, increase the volume or current intensity of the permanent magnet, however, since the topology structure of the magnetization loop is not changed, the enhancement of the leakage magnetic signal is limited, and the volume and weight of the excitation device are increased invisibly.
In addition, the magnetization direction of the traditional U-shaped excitation structure is single, when the defect direction is parallel to the magnetization direction, the leakage magnetic field is very weak, so that the leakage magnetic detection device of the traditional U-shaped excitation structure is insensitive to the defect parallel to the magnetization direction, and the leakage detection rate is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a magnetic flux leakage detection device which can detect multi-directional defects, has low leakage detection rate and small volume, and solves the technical problems that the magnetic flux leakage detection device with a U-shaped excitation structure in the prior art is difficult to reach saturation magnetization, large in volume and high in leakage detection rate.
The invention also aims to provide a magnetic flux leakage detection method with the magnetic flux leakage detection device.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a magnetic flux leakage detection apparatus includes: the excitation subassembly, the excitation subassembly is used for treating the test piece and magnetizes, includes: a first magnetic transmission member having a hollow interior; the magnetic assembly is nested in the first magnetic transmission piece, the magnetic assembly and the first magnetic transmission piece are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, a first upper end face of the magnetic assembly and a second upper end face of the first magnetic transmission piece are coplanar, a first lower end face of the magnetic assembly and a second lower end face of the first magnetic transmission piece are coplanar, and the first lower end face and the second lower end face are matched on the surface of the to-be-tested piece; a second magnetic transfer member connecting the first upper end surface and the second upper end surface at the same time; the sensor assemblies are arranged between the first magnetic transmission piece and the magnetic assembly, the sensor assemblies are arranged on the magnetic assembly close to the first lower end face, and the sensor assemblies are used for detecting defects on the to-be-tested piece.
According to the magnetic leakage detection device of the embodiment of the invention, the first magnetic transmission piece, the magnetic assembly and the second magnetic transmission piece are matched to form the closed excitation assembly, when the magnetic leakage detection device detects defects of a to-be-detected piece, the closed excitation assembly can carry out local saturation magnetization on the to-be-detected piece, so that a magnetization loop is formed between the excitation assembly and the to-be-detected piece, because the magnetic assembly is arranged in the first magnetic transmission piece, when the excitation assembly magnetizes the to-be-detected piece, main magnetic flux in the to-be-detected piece is concentrated between the first magnetic transmission piece and the magnetic assembly, the to-be-detected piece is easier to be saturated and magnetized, the magnetization efficiency is improved, a strong magnetic leakage field is ensured when small defects are detected, the magnetic flux lines are radially arranged in a magnetization area of the to-be-detected piece through the arrangement, the magnetization direction is increased, the multi-direction defect detection is realized, and the problem that the detection device in the prior art is insensitive to defects in certain directions is solved, the magnetic leakage detection device has the advantages that the leakage detection rate is reduced, the sensor assemblies are arranged between the first magnetic transmission piece and the magnetic force assembly, when a defect exists, the magnetic leakage signal overflowing above the defect can be collected by the sensor assemblies, the purpose of nondestructive testing is achieved, and the detection precision is improved. The magnetic leakage detection device is high in magnetization efficiency and low in leakage detection rate.
According to the magnetic flux leakage detection device provided by one embodiment of the invention, the first magnetic transmission piece and the magnetic assembly are both permanent magnets, the magnetic pole of the first magnetic transmission piece is different from that of the magnetic assembly, the second magnetic transmission piece is a magnetic yoke, and the excitation assembly and the to-be-tested piece form a magnetization loop.
According to one embodiment of the magnetic flux leakage detecting apparatus of the present invention, the magnetic assembly includes a third magnetic transmission member around which the exciting coil is wound and an exciting coil spaced apart from the first magnetic transmission member; the second magnetic transmission piece is simultaneously connected with the first magnetic transmission piece and the third magnetic transmission piece, and the first magnetic transmission piece, the second magnetic transmission piece and the third magnetic transmission piece all adopt magnet yokes.
Optionally, the magnetic assembly and the first magnetic transmission member are coaxially arranged, and the distance between the magnetic assembly and the first magnetic transmission member is equal; the second magnetic transmission piece is arranged in parallel with the to-be-tested piece.
Optionally, the cross-sectional shape of the first magnetic transmission member is a circular ring, the cross-sectional shape of the magnetic assembly is a circle, and the inner diameter D of the first magnetic transmission member is2With the outer diameter D of the magnetic assembly1Satisfies the following relation: d2＝2D1Outer diameter D of the first magnetic transmission member3Inner diameter D of the first magnetic transmission member2With the outer diameter D of the magnetic assembly1Satisfies the following relation:
optionally, the cross-sectional profile shape of the first magnetic transmission member is a circle, a square or a special-shaped polygon; the cross section outline shape of the magnetic assembly is one of a circle, a square or a special-shaped polygon, and the geometric figures enclosed by the cross section outlines of the magnetic assembly and the first magnetic transmission piece are similar.
According to one embodiment of the magnetic flux leakage detection device, the sensor assembly comprises a first sensor assembly and a second sensor assembly, the first sensor assembly and the second sensor assembly are arranged in the circumferential direction of the magnetic assembly, and the first sensor assembly and the second sensor assembly extend in an arc shape.
Optionally, the sensor assembly further comprises a third sensor assembly and a fourth sensor assembly, the first sensor assembly and the second sensor assembly are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction and form a first interval space and a second interval space; the third sensor assembly penetrates through the first spacing space, and two ends of the third sensor assembly are respectively connected with the first magnetic transmission piece and the magnetic assembly; the fourth sensor assembly penetrates through the second interval space, and two ends of the fourth sensor assembly are respectively connected with the first magnetic transmission piece and the magnetic assembly.
According to the magnetic flux leakage detection method provided by the embodiment of the invention, a magnetic flux leakage detection device is arranged on a to-be-tested piece, and the magnetic flux leakage detection device is the magnetic flux leakage detection device; the first lower end surface and the second lower end surface of the magnetic flux leakage detection device are matched on the surface of the to-be-tested piece; and moving the magnetic leakage detection device along different directions so that the moving track of the magnetic leakage detection device covers the whole surface of the to-be-tested piece.
According to the magnetic flux leakage detection method provided by the embodiment of the invention, in the process of carrying out defect detection on a test piece to be detected, a magnetization loop is formed between an excitation assembly in the magnetic flux leakage detection device and the test piece to be detected, so that the detected area of the test piece to be detected is magnetized to a saturated state, and the magnetic flux leakage detection device is high in magnetization efficiency due to the fact that the detection area is limited when the magnetic flux leakage detection device moves once, so that the magnetic flux leakage detection device can carry out multiple times of movement detection along different directions.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the magnetic flux leakage detection method comprises the following steps: the magnetic flux leakage detection device moves along a first direction and detects the to-be-tested piece; the magnetic flux leakage detection device moves along a second direction and detects the to-be-tested piece; the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; the magnetic flux leakage detection device sequentially and alternately moves along the first direction and the second direction and detects the piece to be tested; and completing the magnetic flux leakage detection of the whole to-be-tested piece until the magnetic flux leakage detection device completes the movement of the whole to-be-tested piece surface.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a sectional view of a magnetic flux leakage detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the magnetic flux leakage detection apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a magnetic flux leakage detecting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the magnetic flux leakage detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention when detecting a to-be-tested object.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a magnetic flux leakage detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1000. a magnetic flux leakage detection device;
100. an excitation assembly;
110. a first magnetic transmission member;
120. a magnetic assembly; 121. a third magnetic transmission member; 122. a field coil;
130. a second magnetic transmission member;
200. a sensor assembly;
210. a first sensor assembly; 220. a second sensor assembly;
230. a third sensor assembly; 240. a fourth sensor assembly;
300. a first compartment;
400. a second spaced-apart space;
2000. a test piece to be tested;
2100. and (5) a defect.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the indicated orientations and positional relationships based on the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The magnetic flux leakage detection apparatus 1000 according to the embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the drawings of the specification.
As shown in fig. 1, a magnetic flux leakage detection apparatus 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: an exciter assembly 100 and a plurality of sensor assemblies 200.
Wherein, the excitation assembly 100 is used for magnetizing the to-be-tested piece 2000, as shown in fig. 1, the excitation assembly 100 includes: a first magnetic transmission member 110, a magnetic assembly 120, and a second magnetic transmission member 130. Here, the first magnetic transmission member 110, the magnetic assembly 120 and the second magnetic transmission member 130 cooperate to magnetize the test piece 2000.
As shown in fig. 1, the first magnetic transmission member 110 is hollow inside.
As shown in fig. 1, the magnetic assembly 120 is nested in the first magnetic transmission member 110, the magnetic assembly 120 and the first magnetic transmission member 110 are circumferentially spaced, a first upper end surface of the magnetic assembly 120 and a second upper end surface of the first magnetic transmission member 110 are coplanar, a first lower end surface of the magnetic assembly 120 and a second lower end surface of the first magnetic transmission member 110 are coplanar, and the first lower end surface and the second lower end surface are both fitted on the surface of the to-be-tested member 2000.
As shown in fig. 1, the second magnetic transmission member 130 connects the first upper end surface and the second upper end surface at the same time. Here, the second magnetic transmission member 130 is connected to both the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120.
As shown in fig. 1, a plurality of sensor assemblies 200 are disposed between the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120, the plurality of sensor assemblies 200 are disposed on the magnetic assembly 120 near the first lower end surface, and the sensor assemblies 200 are used to detect defects 2100 on the test object 2000 to be tested.
With the above structure, in the magnetic flux leakage detection apparatus 1000 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the excitation assembly 100 is arranged, and the excitation assembly 100 is used for magnetizing the to-be-tested piece 2000, so that the sensor assembly 200 can detect the defect 2100 on the to-be-tested piece 2000 conveniently, and the detection accuracy is improved.
The first magnetic transmission member 110 is arranged in a hollow structure, so that the magnetic assembly 120 is conveniently arranged in the first magnetic transmission member 110, the first magnetic transmission member 110 is formed in the circumferential direction of the magnetic assembly 120, and when the second magnetic transmission member 130 is simultaneously connected with the first upper end surface of the magnetic assembly 120 and the second upper end surface of the first magnetic transmission member 110, the excitation assembly 100 is formed in a circumferentially closed structure.
The circumferentially closed excitation assembly 100 and the to-be-tested piece 2000 form a magnetization loop, and when the circumferentially closed excitation assembly 100 magnetizes the to-be-tested piece 2000, magnetic lines of force are radially arranged in a magnetization region of the to-be-tested piece 2000 and cannot be dispersed outside the corresponding region, so that the magnetization efficiency is increased. The problems of low magnetization efficiency and weak magnetic flux leakage signal of the detection device in the prior art are solved.
Because the magnetic lines of force are radially arranged in the magnetized area of the test piece 2000 to be tested, the magnetized directions are distributed along the circumferential direction of the magnetic assembly 120, the actual magnetized loop is the magnetized loop formed by rotating around the central axis of the magnetic assembly 120 shown in fig. 2, when defect detection is performed, the magnetic lines of force in the magnetized loops in different directions can detect the defect 2100 extending in different directions, and multi-directional defect detection is realized. The problem that the detection device in the prior art is insensitive to the defects in certain directions is solved.
It should be noted that, in the present application, by providing the magnetic assembly 120 in the first magnetic transmission member 110, when the excitation assembly 100 magnetizes the to-be-tested member 2000, the main magnetic flux in the to-be-tested member 2000 is concentrated between the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120, so that the magnetic resistance of the magnetized to-be-tested member 2000 is reduced, thereby easily achieving the saturation magnetization, ensuring that when the magnetic leakage detection apparatus 1000 detects a small defect 2100, a strong magnetic leakage field still exists, improving the detection accuracy, and avoiding the occurrence of missing detection.
By arranging that the first upper end surface of the magnetic assembly 120 and the second upper end surface of the first magnetic transmission member 110 are coplanar, and the first lower end surface of the magnetic assembly 120 and the second lower end surface of the first magnetic transmission member 110 are coplanar, it can be understood that the heights of the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120 along the axial direction are the same, on one hand, in the process of assembling the magnetic leakage detection device 1000, the second magnetic transmission member 130 is conveniently connected to the first upper end surface and the second upper end surface at the same time, and the assembling difficulty is reduced; on the other hand, the magnetic leakage detection device 1000 and the to-be-tested piece 2000 form a magnetization loop which is consistent, so that the magnetization intensities of the to-be-tested pieces 2000 at different positions generated by the magnetic leakage detection device 1000 are consistent.
The first lower end surface and the second lower end surface are both matched on the surface of the to-be-tested piece 2000, and can be understood as follows: the first lower end surface and the second lower end surface are both contacted with the to-be-tested part 2000; or, the first lower end surface and the second lower end surface are both arranged at intervals with the to-be-tested part 2000.
The first and second lower end surfaces are preferably spaced apart from the test piece 2000, so that, when the excitation assembly 100 magnetizes the to-be-tested piece 2000, the resistance between the excitation assembly 100 and the to-be-tested piece 2000 is not too large, the excitation assembly 100 does not damage the to-be-tested piece 2000, and reduces abrasion between the magnetic flux leakage detecting apparatus 1000 and the test piece to be tested 2000 and facilitates movement of the magnetic flux leakage detecting apparatus 1000, however, the distance between the first lower end surface and the second lower end surface and the to-be-tested part 2000 is not easy to be too large, the magnetization effect is reduced due to the too large distance, therefore, the skilled person can set the distance between the first lower end surface and the second lower end surface and the to-be-tested element 2000 according to the actual requirement, the first lower end face and the second lower end face are arranged at intervals with the to-be-tested part 2000, and meanwhile the magnetization intensity can be improved, and the distance is not limited specifically in the application.
Of course, in other examples, the first lower end surface and the second lower end surface may be configured to be in contact fit with the test piece 2000. The first lower end surface and the second lower end surface are directly abutted against the to-be-tested piece 2000, so that the magnetic flux leakage detection device 1000 is stable in position relative to the to-be-tested piece 2000, and the to-be-tested piece 2000 can be effectively magnetized and detected.
Through setting up a plurality of sensor module 200, and a plurality of sensor module 200 are close to first terminal surface and establish on magnetic component 120, when magnetic leakage detection device 1000 removed along the equidirectional not treating test 2000 and magnetize, magnetic component 120 can drive a plurality of sensor module 200 and remove together, if there is defect 2100 on the test 2000 of awaiting measuring, some magnetic flux can leave the upper and lower surface of the test 2000 work piece of awaiting measuring and form the magnetic leakage flux by the air around defect 2100, utilize a plurality of sensor module 200 to detect the magnetic leakage flux this moment, thereby reach nondestructive test's purpose.
It can be understood that, for prior art, the magnetic leakage detection device 1000 of this application need not to increase excitation source intensity or increase the permanent magnetism volume and can increase saturation magnetization intensity promptly, still can make the examination piece 2000 that awaits measuring easily reach saturation magnetization intensity when guaranteeing that excitation subassembly 100 has less volume, improves the magnetization efficiency height to reduce the leak rate, and this application can realize multi-directional defect detection, and the detection capability is strong.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
It should be noted that the magnetic flux leakage detection apparatus 1000 of the present application is mainly used for detecting a ferromagnetic plate material, that is, the to-be-tested piece 2000 is a ferromagnetic plate, and the ferromagnetic plate and the excitation assembly 100 form a magnetization loop, so as to perform magnetization saturation on the ferromagnetic plate, so as to detect the defect 2100 on the ferromagnetic plate.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120 are both permanent magnets, the magnetic pole of the first magnetic transmission member 110 is different from the magnetic pole of the magnetic assembly 120, the second magnetic transmission member 130 is a magnetic yoke, and the excitation assembly 100 and the to-be-tested part 2000 form a magnetization loop. The first magnetic transmission member 110, the magnetic assembly 120 and the magnetic yoke having different magnetic poles cooperate to form a magnetization loop in the test piece 2000 to be tested, thereby achieving the purpose of magnetizing the test piece 2000 to be tested.
It should be noted that, since the yoke itself does not generate a magnetic field, the yoke only functions as a magnetic line transmission in the magnetic circuit. Therefore, the magnetic poles of the first magnetic transmission member 110 are different from the magnetic poles of the magnetic assembly 120, during the transmission of the magnetic force lines, the magnetic force lines can be smoothly transmitted from one end of the first magnetic transmission member 110 to one end of the magnetic assembly 120 through the second magnetic transmission member 130, and then transmitted inside the magnetic assembly 120, and when the magnetic force lines are transmitted to the other end of the magnetic assembly 120, the magnetic force lines are transmitted from the other end of the magnetic assembly 120 to the other end of the first magnetic transmission member 110 through the to-be-tested piece 2000, so that a magnetization loop is formed between the excitation assembly 100 and the to-be-tested piece 2000.
In a specific example, as shown in fig. 1, the first magnetic transmission member 110 is an N pole close to the second magnetic transmission member 130, an S pole far from the second magnetic transmission member 130, the magnetic assembly 120 is an S pole close to the second magnetic transmission member 130, and an N pole far from the second magnetic transmission member 130, so that the magnetic poles of the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic poles of the magnetic assembly 120 are different to form a magnetization loop.
Optionally, the magnetizing directions of the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120 are along the axial direction, and the magnetizing directions are opposite, so that the first magnetic transmission member 110, the magnetic assembly 120 and the second magnetic transmission member 130 constitute an excitation device having a circumferentially closed structure, and when the first lower end surface of the magnetic assembly 120 and the second lower end surface of the first magnetic transmission member 110 are engaged with the surface of the to-be-tested member 2000, the excitation assembly 100 forms a magnetization loop with the to-be-tested member 2000. The magnetization circuit of a single cross section of the field assembly 100 is shown in dashed lines in fig. 1, and the magnetization direction is shown by the arrows in fig. 1.
Optionally, the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120 may be connected to the second magnetic transmission member 130 by welding, bonding, riveting, or the like, so that the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the second magnetic transmission member 130 form an undetachable connection, and the magnetic assembly 120 and the second magnetic transmission member 130 form an undetachable connection, thereby improving the position stability of the excitation assembly 100 and effectively magnetizing the to-be-tested piece 2000.
Of course, the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120 may also be detachably connected to the second magnetic transmission member 130, at this time, the first magnetic transmission member 110, the magnetic assembly 120 and the second magnetic transmission member 130 form a structure of three separate bodies, and after the second magnetic transmission member 130 is produced, the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120 are respectively connected to the second magnetic transmission member 130, so that the production and manufacturing simplicity and the assembly convenience of the excitation assembly 100 are greatly improved. The detachable connection may be a bolt and a nut, or a bolt and an internal threaded hole, and may be selected according to actual needs, without specific limitations.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the magnetic assembly 120 includes a third magnetic transmission member 121 and an excitation coil 122, the third magnetic transmission member 121 is wound with the excitation coil 122, and the excitation coil 122 is spaced apart from the first magnetic transmission member 110. Through setting up third magnetic transmission piece 121 and excitation coil 122, excitation coil 122 twines on third magnetic transmission piece 121 as the excitation source for excitation assembly 100 forms the coil excitation to the magnetization form of the test piece 2000 that awaits measuring, compares in the permanent magnet excitation, and the intensity of magnetization is conveniently adjusted in the coil excitation, strengthens the flexibility, makes the test piece 2000 that awaits measuring easily reach saturation magnetization, is convenient for follow-up defect 2100 on the test piece 2000 that awaits measuring.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 3, the second magnetic transmission member 130 is connected to the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the third magnetic transmission member 121 at the same time, and the first magnetic transmission member 110, the second magnetic transmission member 130 and the third magnetic transmission member 121 all use yokes. This means that, when the magnetic assembly 120 includes the third magnetic transmission member 121 and the excitation coil 122, the first magnetic transmission member 110, the second magnetic transmission member 130, and the third magnetic transmission member 121 all use magnetic yokes, and the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the third magnetic transmission member 121 are connected to the second magnetic transmission member 130, so that the excitation assembly 100 is formed into a closed structure, and it is ensured that magnetic lines of force do not diverge when magnetizing the test piece 2000 to be measured, thereby improving the magnetization efficiency.
Optionally, when the first magnetic transmission member 110, the second magnetic transmission member 130, and the third magnetic transmission member 121 all use magnetic yokes, the first magnetic transmission member 110, the second magnetic transmission member 130, and the third magnetic transmission member 121 may be manufactured by an integral molding process, so that an assembly process is reduced, and a production difficulty is reduced.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the magnetic assembly 120 and the first magnetic transmission member 110 are coaxially arranged, and the distance between the magnetic assembly 120 and the first magnetic transmission member 110 is equal; the second magnetic transfer member 130 is disposed in parallel with the test member to be tested 2000. The arrangement can make the sizes of the magnetizing loops formed between the excitation assembly 100 and the to-be-tested pieces 2000 consistent, and ensure that the magnetizing intensities of the to-be-tested pieces 2000 at different positions are consistent, so that when the same defect 2100 is detected, the consistency of detection signals of the defect 2100 can be ensured, and the detection accuracy is improved.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1, the cross-sectional shape of the first magnetic transmission member 110 is circular, the cross-sectional shape of the magnetic assembly 120 is circular, and the inner diameter D of the first magnetic transmission member 110 is2And the outer diameter D of the magnetic assembly 1201Satisfies the following relation: d2＝2D1. Since the magnetic assembly 120 and the first magnetic transmission member 110 are coaxially disposed, the inner diameter D of the first magnetic transmission member 110 is reduced2And the outer diameter D of the magnetic assembly 1201Is set to D2＝2D1The distance between the magnetic assembly 120 and the first magnetic transmission member 110 is ensured to be equal, so that the magnetizing circuits formed between the excitation assembly 100 and the test piece 2000 to be tested are consistent in size.
Optionally, aAn outer diameter D of the magnetic transmission member 1103Inner diameter D of first magnetic transmission member 1102And the outer diameter D of the magnetic assembly 1201Satisfies the following relation:
the cross-sectional areas of the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120 are made equal to satisfy the full magnetic flux conservation, thereby ensuring that the magnetic fluxes in the magnetizing circuits are equal.
It should be noted that, because the cross-sectional shape of the first magnetic transmission member 110 is a circular ring, the cross-sectional shape of the magnetic assembly 120 is a circle, and the magnetic assembly 120 and the first magnetic transmission member 110 are coaxially arranged, and the distances between the magnetic assembly 120 and the first magnetic transmission member 110 are equal, the excitation assembly 100 of the present application is formed as a central symmetric member, thereby ensuring that the sizes of the magnetization loops formed between the excitation assembly 100 and the to-be-tested member 2000 are the same, and improving the detection accuracy.
Alternatively, the cross-sectional profile of the first magnetic transmission member 110 is circular, and the cross-sectional profile of the corresponding magnetic assembly 120 is also circular, so that the geometric figure enclosed by the magnetic assembly 120 and the first magnetic transmission member 110 is formed into a ring shape, thereby forming a ring-shaped magnetized region on the to-be-tested member 2000.
It should be emphasized that the cross-sectional profile shape here is different from the cross-sectional shape mentioned above, and the cross-sectional shape refers to the projection of the cross section of the first magnetic transmission member 110 or the magnetic assembly 120 on the horizontal plane; the cross-sectional profile shape refers to a shape of an outer profile or an inner profile of the first magnetic transmission member 110 or the magnetic assembly 120 after projection of a cross section on a horizontal plane.
In other examples, the cross-sectional profile of the first magnetic transmission member 110 is square, and the cross-sectional profile of the corresponding magnetic assembly 120 is also square, so that the geometric figure formed by the magnetic assembly 120 and the first magnetic transmission member 110 is formed into a square, thereby forming a hollow square magnetized region on the to-be-tested member 2000. The square shape may be a square or a rectangle, and the specific shape is not limited.
In other examples, the cross-sectional profile shape of the first magnetic transmission member 110 may also be a special-shaped polygon, and the cross-sectional profile shape of the corresponding magnetic assembly 120 is also a special-shaped polygon, so that the geometric figure enclosed by the magnetic assembly 120 and the first magnetic transmission member 110 is formed into a special-shaped polygon, thereby forming a hollow special-shaped polygonal magnetized region on the to-be-tested member 2000. The opposite-shape polygon may be one of an isosceles trapezoid, a hexagon or other polygons, and the specific cross-sectional profile shapes of the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120 are not limited as long as the combination of the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120 is ensured to form a circumferentially closed structure.
It should be emphasized that, when the magnetic leakage detecting device 1000 of the present application magnetizes the test piece 2000 to be detected, the magnetization loop is distributed along the radial direction in the magnetization region enclosed by the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120, compared with the U-shaped detecting device in the prior art, the magnetization direction is single, and is insensitive to the defect of the parallel magnetization direction, the present application can realize detectability for the defect of any plane direction, therefore, the magnetic leakage detecting device 1000 of the present application has the capability of detecting omnidirectional cracks or defects, and the leakage rate is reduced.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the sensor assembly 200 includes a plurality of sensors, which are hall sensors. Hall sensor has advantages such as sensitivity is high, small, all chooses hall sensor for use with a plurality of sensors in the sensor package 200 can effectively reduce sensor package 200's area occupied, and then reduces magnetic leakage detection device 1000's volume, and improves and detect the precision.
Of course, in other examples, the sensor may be an inductive coil. The induction coil has the advantages of high reliability, accurate detection, low price and the like, and the production cost of the sensor assembly 200 can be effectively reduced by selecting the induction coil for the plurality of sensors in the sensor assembly 200, so that the practicability is improved, and the detection precision is improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, the sensor assembly 200 includes a first sensor assembly 210 and a second sensor assembly 220, the first sensor assembly 210 and the second sensor assembly 220 are disposed circumferentially of the magnetic assembly 120, and the first sensor assembly 210 and the second sensor assembly 220 extend in an arc shape. The arrangement can increase the detection area of the first sensor assembly 210 and the second sensor assembly 220, reduce the missing rate, and the first sensor assembly 210 and the second sensor assembly 220 are mainly used for detecting the defect 2100 perpendicular to the scanning direction (the specific direction of the scanning direction can be seen in fig. 4), thereby improving the detection accuracy.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 2, by respectively disposing the first sensor component 210 and the second sensor component 220 on two sides of the magnetic component 120, when the magnetic flux leakage detection apparatus 1000 moves on the surface of the test piece 2000 to be tested and magnetizes and detects the test piece 2000 to be tested, the same defect 2100 perpendicular to the scanning direction is magnetized at least twice with opposite polarities, and the two magnetic flux leakage signals are correspondingly processed to reduce the detection error and improve the detection accuracy.
Alternatively, the first sensor assembly 210 and the second sensor assembly 220 are respectively fixedly connected to the magnetic assembly 120 by using a skeleton of plastic or non-magnetic conductive material, and filling with glue or the like. The structural stability of the first sensor assembly 210 and the second sensor assembly 220 is improved, and when the excitation assembly 100 moves on the surface of the to-be-tested part 2000, the first sensor assembly 210 and the second sensor assembly 220 can be driven to move, so that the defect 2100 can be effectively detected by the first sensor assembly 210 and the second sensor assembly 220.
Optionally, the first sensor assembly 210 and the second sensor assembly 220 are circumferentially spaced apart and form a first spacing space 300 and a second spacing space 400. The first spacing space 300 increases the layout space for the third sensor assembly 230, and ensures that the third sensor assembly 230 can pass through the first spacing space 300 to be respectively connected to the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120; the second spacing space 400 increases the layout space for the fourth sensor assembly 240, and ensures that the fourth sensor assembly 240 can be connected to the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120 through the second spacing space 400. The arrangement can ensure that the third sensor assembly 230 and the fourth sensor assembly 240 are respectively connected to two sides of the magnetic assembly 120, and the third sensor assembly 230 and the fourth sensor assembly 240 are mainly used for detecting the defect 2100 parallel to the scanning direction, so that the first sensor assembly 210, the second sensor assembly 220, the third sensor assembly 230 and the fourth sensor assembly 240 can be matched to detect the defect 2100 vertical to the scanning direction and detect the defect 2100 parallel to the scanning direction, the missing rate is reduced, and the detection quality is improved.
In the description of the invention, features defined as "first", "second", "third" and "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features for distinguishing between the described features, whether sequential or not.
Alternatively, both ends of the third sensor assembly 230 are detachably connected to the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120, respectively. Can dismantle the connection and can reduce the assembly degree of difficulty on the one hand, improve joint strength, and when third sensor assembly 230 damaged, only need change the third sensor assembly 230 of damage can, need not to change whole magnetic leakage detection device 1000, reduce use cost, improve the practicality.
The detachable connection may be a bolt and nut connection, or a connection of a bolt and an internal threaded hole, and may be selected according to actual needs.
Alternatively, the fourth sensor assembly 240 may be detachably connected to the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120 at both ends thereof, respectively. The beneficial effects of the detachable connection can be seen in that both ends of the third sensor assembly 230 are detachably connected to the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120, which is not described herein again.
It should be noted that the first sensor assembly 210, the second sensor assembly 220, the third sensor assembly 230, and the fourth sensor assembly 240 all include a plurality of sensors, the plurality of sensors are closely arranged to form the first sensor assembly 210, the second sensor assembly 220, the third sensor assembly 230, and the fourth sensor assembly 240, respectively, and a sensitive direction of each sensor is the same as a magnetization direction, so as to improve detection accuracy.
By arranging the first sensor assembly 210, the second sensor assembly 220, the third sensor assembly 230 and the fourth sensor assembly 240, in the process of actually detecting the defect 2100, the magnetic flux leakage detection device 1000 performs linear detection along the scanning direction of the to-be-tested piece 2000, the excitation assembly 100 can perform effective local saturation magnetization on the to-be-tested piece 2000, when the surface of the to-be-tested piece 2000 is uniform and continuous and has no defect 2100, magnetic flux lines are concentrated in the to-be-tested piece 2000, and almost no magnetic flux leakage overflows from the to-be-tested piece 2000; if the to-be-tested piece 2000 has the defect 2100, after the to-be-tested piece 2000 is saturated and magnetized by the excitation assembly 100 with the closed structure, the magnetic permeability is sharply reduced, the magnetic resistance is increased, and more magnetic lines changed at the position of the defect 2100 cannot pass through the to-be-tested piece 2000, so the magnetic lines overflow air from the position of the defect 2100 and then return to the to-be-tested piece 2000, at this time, an obvious magnetic leakage signal overflows above the defect 2100 to form a strong magnetic leakage field, the magnetic leakage field generated by the defect 2100 is placed between the first magnetic transmission piece 110 and the magnetic assembly 120, is collected by the sensor assembly 200, records relevant position information through an additional position sensor or an encoder, and can realize qualitative and quantitative identification of the defect 2100 through a series.
The magnetic flux leakage detection method according to the embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the drawings of the specification.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a leakage magnetic detection device 1000 is disposed on a test piece to be tested 2000, and the leakage magnetic detection device 1000 is the aforementioned leakage magnetic detection device 1000; the first lower end surface and the second lower end surface of the magnetic flux leakage detection device 1000 are matched on the surface of the to-be-tested part 2000; so that the movement trace of the magnetic flux leakage detecting apparatus 1000 covers the entire surface of the test piece 2000 to be tested.
As can be seen from the above method, in the magnetic flux leakage detection method according to the embodiment of the present invention, by using the magnetic flux leakage detection apparatus 1000, in the process of detecting the defect 2100 on the test piece 2000 to be detected, the magnetic flux leakage detection apparatus 1000 is placed on the test piece 2000 to be detected, so that the first lower end surface and the second lower end surface of the magnetic flux leakage detection apparatus 1000 are fitted on the surface of the test piece 2000 to be detected, at this time, a magnetization loop is formed between the excitation assembly 100 in the magnetic flux leakage detection apparatus 1000 and the test piece 2000 to be detected, so that the detected area of the test piece 2000 to be detected is magnetized to a saturated state, thereby facilitating the subsequent sensor assembly 200 to detect the defect on the test piece 2000 to be detected, and by using the magnetic flux leakage detection apparatus 1000, since the magnetic flux leakage detection apparatus 1000 is formed into a circumferentially closed structure, the magnetization efficiency is high, and the detection area is limited by one-time movement, therefore the magnetic flux leakage detection apparatus 1000 of the present application performs multiple movement detection in different directions, in the detection process, all areas of the to-be-detected piece 2000 are scanned and covered by the sensor assembly 200 mainly used for detecting defects, and because the magnetic lines of force are radially distributed in the magnetized area of the to-be-detected piece 2000, the problem that the defects in some directions are not sensitive does not exist, the detection efficiency is guaranteed while the omission ratio is reduced, and the detection quality is improved.
It should be noted that the magnetic flux leakage detection device 1000 of the present application may be integrally installed on a portable belt wheel cart having a function of recording relative positions, or may be installed on a large-scale scanning mechanism, and the portable belt wheel cart or the large-scale scanning mechanism drives the magnetic flux leakage detection device 1000 to move, so as to perform defect detection on the to-be-tested piece 2000.
Optionally, when the magnetic flux leakage detection device 1000 is installed on the portable trolley, the magnetic flux leakage detection device 1000 is mainly connected to the frame of the portable trolley, and the portable trolley is manually pushed to roll on the to-be-tested piece 2000 to drive the magnetic flux leakage detection device 1000 to move, so that the moving track of the magnetic flux leakage detection device 1000 covers the whole surface of the to-be-tested piece 2000, and then the to-be-tested piece 2000 is subjected to defect detection.
Optionally, when the magnetic leakage detection device 1000 is installed on a large-scale scanning mechanism, the large-scale scanning mechanism includes a guide rail, a traveling crane and a telescopic arm, the traveling crane can move along the extending direction of the guide rail, the telescopic arm is movably connected to the traveling crane, and the magnetic leakage detection device 1000 is connected to the output end of the telescopic arm.
In the specific detection process, when the crane drives the telescopic arm to move along the extending direction of the guide rail, the telescopic arm drives the magnetic flux leakage detection device 1000 to move in the moving process so as to adjust the position of the magnetic flux leakage detection device 1000, that is, the crane can drive the magnetic flux leakage detection device 1000 to move in the directions of advancing/retreating, left-going/right-going and the like, so that the moving track of the magnetic flux leakage detection device 1000 covers the whole surface of the to-be-tested part 2000.
Of course, in some other examples, the above-mentioned portable wheeled cart and the large-scale scanning mechanism may not be provided, and the magnetic flux leakage detection device 1000 is directly pushed to move on the to-be-tested piece 2000 manually, so that the movement track of the magnetic flux leakage detection device 1000 covers the whole surface of the to-be-tested piece 2000, so as to perform defect detection on the to-be-tested piece 2000.
In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the magnetic flux leakage detection method includes the steps of:
step S1, the magnetic flux leakage detection apparatus 1000 moves in the first direction and detects the test piece 2000 to be tested.
Step S2, the magnetic flux leakage detection device 1000 moves in the second direction and detects the test piece 2000 to be detected; the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
Step S3, the magnetic flux leakage detection device 1000 alternately moves in the first direction and the second direction in sequence and detects the test piece 2000 to be detected until the magnetic flux leakage detection device 1000 finishes moving the entire surface of the test piece 2000 to be detected, thereby completing the magnetic flux leakage detection of the entire test piece 2000 to be detected.
Since the one-time scanning detection area is limited, the magnetic flux leakage detection device 1000 of the present application performs multiple detections in different directions (the first direction and the second direction), thereby completing the detection of the entire surface of the test piece 2000. As shown in fig. 4, in order to complete the detection of the whole surface of the to-be-tested piece 2000, after the magnetic leakage detecting device 1000 moves a certain distance in the first direction, the magnetic leakage detecting device 1000 moves a certain distance in the second direction to adjust the position of the magnetic leakage detecting device 1000 on the to-be-tested piece 2000, and then the magnetic leakage detecting device 1000 moves a certain distance in the first direction again, and so on until the detection is completed.
It should be noted that the first direction is a scanning direction shown in fig. 4, and the second direction is a stepping direction shown in fig. 4, where fig. 4 only illustrates a scanning process in which the magnetic flux leakage detection apparatus 1000 moves along the scanning direction three times, and in an actual detection process, multiple scanning operations are required until the detection of the entire surface of the test piece 2000 is completed.
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 4, the lateral defect detection area is the area swept by the first sensor assembly 210 and the second sensor assembly 220, and since the first sensor assembly 210 and the second sensor assembly 220 are primarily used to detect defects 2100 perpendicular to the scan direction, defects 2100 in the lateral defect detection area that are parallel to the scan direction are highly susceptible to being missed; the longitudinal defect detection area is the area swept by the third sensor assembly 230 and the fourth sensor assembly 240, and since the third sensor assembly 230 and the fourth sensor assembly 240 are mainly used for detecting the defect 2100 parallel to the scanning direction, the defect 2100 perpendicular to the scanning direction in the longitudinal defect detection area is very easy to miss-detect. The magnetic flux leakage detection device 1000 of the present application detects the test piece 2000 to be detected by sequentially and alternately moving along the scanning direction and the stepping direction, and ensures that the surface of the test piece 2000 to be detected is covered by the first sensor component 210 and the second sensor component 220 mainly used for detecting the defect 2100 perpendicular to the scanning direction, and the third sensor component 230 and the fourth sensor component 240 mainly used for detecting the defect 2100 parallel to the scanning direction, as shown by the cross lines in fig. 4, so that the defects 2100 on the test piece 2000 to be detected can be both detected, and the detection efficiency is ensured while the leakage rate is reduced.
Alternatively, in order to reduce the missing detection and improve the detection efficiency, the step distance of the magnetic flux leakage detection device 1000 moving along the step direction may be D1. The stepping distance can realize that all areas of the to-be-tested piece 2000 are scanned and covered by the first sensor assembly 210, the second sensor assembly 220, the third sensor assembly 230 and the fourth sensor assembly 240 in the detection process, so that all areas of the to-be-tested piece 2000 can be magnetized and detected, the problem of insensitivity in detection is avoided, the missing rate is reduced, and the detection efficiency is also ensured.
Alternatively, when the edge of the test piece 2000 to be tested is detected, the step distance may be adjusted to D1And/2, enabling the defect 2100 positioned at the edge of the to-be-tested part 2000 to be detected so as to reduce the missing rate and improve the detection quality.
The specific structures of the magnetic flux leakage detection apparatus 1000 and the magnetic flux leakage detection method according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings of the specification. The embodiments of the present invention may be all embodiments obtained by combining the foregoing technical solutions, and are not limited to the following specific embodiments, which fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A magnetic flux leakage detection apparatus 1000, as shown in fig. 1, includes: an exciter assembly 100 and four sensor assemblies 200.
As shown in fig. 1, the excitation assembly 100 is used for magnetizing a to-be-tested piece 2000, and includes: the first magnetic transmission piece 110, the magnetic assembly 120 and the second magnetic transmission piece 130, the first magnetic transmission piece 110 is hollow, the magnetic assembly 120 is nested in the first magnetic transmission piece 110, the magnetic assembly 120 and the first magnetic transmission piece 110 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, a first upper end face of the magnetic assembly 120 and a second upper end face of the first magnetic transmission piece 110 are coplanar, a first lower end face of the magnetic assembly 120 and a second lower end face of the first magnetic transmission piece 110 are coplanar, the first lower end face and the second lower end face are both matched on the surface of the to-be-tested piece 2000, and the second magnetic transmission piece 130 is connected with the first upper end face and the second upper end face simultaneously.
The first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120 are both permanent magnets, the magnetic pole of the first magnetic transmission member 110 is different from that of the magnetic assembly 120, the second magnetic transmission member 130 is a magnetic yoke, and the excitation assembly 100 and the to-be-tested part 2000 form a magnetization loop.
The sensor assembly 200 includes a first sensor assembly 210, a second sensor assembly 220, a third sensor assembly 230, and a fourth sensor assembly 240, the first sensor assembly 210 and the second sensor assembly 220 are disposed in a circumferential direction of the magnetic assembly 120, and the first sensor assembly 210 and the second sensor assembly 220 extend in an arc shape.
The first sensor assembly 210 and the second sensor assembly 220 are circumferentially spaced apart and form a first spacing space 300 and a second spacing space 400, the third sensor assembly 230 passes through the first spacing space 300, two ends of the third sensor assembly 230 are respectively connected with the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120, the fourth sensor assembly 240 passes through the second spacing space 400, and two ends of the fourth sensor assembly 240 are respectively connected with the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120.
The first sensor assembly 210, the second sensor assembly 220, the third sensor assembly 230 and the fourth sensor assembly 240 are disposed on the magnetic assembly 120 near the first lower end surface, and the sensor assembly 200 is used for detecting a defect 2100 on the test object 2000.
Example 2
A magnetic flux leakage detection apparatus 1000, as shown in fig. 3, includes: an exciter assembly 100 and four sensor assemblies 200.
As shown in fig. 3, the excitation assembly 100 is used for magnetizing a to-be-tested piece 2000, and includes: the first magnetic transmission piece 110, the magnetic assembly 120 and the second magnetic transmission piece 130, the first magnetic transmission piece 110 is hollow, the magnetic assembly 120 is nested in the first magnetic transmission piece 110, the magnetic assembly 120 and the first magnetic transmission piece 110 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, a first upper end face of the magnetic assembly 120 and a second upper end face of the first magnetic transmission piece 110 are coplanar, a first lower end face of the magnetic assembly 120 and a second lower end face of the first magnetic transmission piece 110 are coplanar, the first lower end face and the second lower end face are both matched on the surface of the to-be-tested piece 2000, and the second magnetic transmission piece 130 is connected with the first upper end face and the second upper end face simultaneously.
As shown in fig. 3, the magnetic assembly 120 includes a third magnetic transmission member 121 and an excitation coil 122, the third magnetic transmission member 121 is wound with the excitation coil 122, and the excitation coil 122 is spaced apart from the first magnetic transmission member 110.
As shown in fig. 3, the second magnetic transmission member 130 is connected to the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the third magnetic transmission member 121 at the same time, and the first magnetic transmission member 110, the second magnetic transmission member 130 and the third magnetic transmission member 121 are all yoke yokes.
The sensor assembly 200 includes a first sensor assembly 210, a second sensor assembly 220, a third sensor assembly 230, and a fourth sensor assembly 240, the first sensor assembly 210 and the second sensor assembly 220 are disposed in a circumferential direction of the magnetic assembly 120, and the first sensor assembly 210 and the second sensor assembly 220 extend in an arc shape.
The first sensor assembly 210 and the second sensor assembly 220 are circumferentially spaced apart and form a first spacing space 300 and a second spacing space 400, the third sensor assembly 230 passes through the first spacing space 300, two ends of the third sensor assembly 230 are respectively connected with the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120, the fourth sensor assembly 240 passes through the second spacing space 400, and two ends of the fourth sensor assembly 240 are respectively connected with the first magnetic transmission member 110 and the magnetic assembly 120.
The first sensor assembly 210, the second sensor assembly 220, the third sensor assembly 230 and the fourth sensor assembly 240 are disposed on the magnetic assembly 120 near the first lower end surface, and the sensor assembly 200 is used for detecting a defect 2100 on the test object 2000.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; either mechanically or electrically. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Other configurations of the leakage flux detecting apparatus 1000 and the leakage flux detecting method according to the embodiment of the present invention, such as the detection principle of the sensor assembly 200, are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
In the description herein, references to the description of the terms "embodiment," "example," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A magnetic flux leakage detection device, comprising:
the excitation subassembly, the excitation subassembly is used for treating the test piece and magnetizes, includes:
a first magnetic transmission member having a hollow interior;
the magnetic assembly is nested in the first magnetic transmission piece, the magnetic assembly and the first magnetic transmission piece are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, a first upper end face of the magnetic assembly and a second upper end face of the first magnetic transmission piece are coplanar, a first lower end face of the magnetic assembly and a second lower end face of the first magnetic transmission piece are coplanar, and the first lower end face and the second lower end face are matched on the surface of the to-be-tested piece;
a second magnetic transfer member connecting the first upper end surface and the second upper end surface at the same time;
the sensor assemblies are arranged between the first magnetic transmission piece and the magnetic assembly, the sensor assemblies are arranged on the magnetic assembly close to the first lower end face, and the sensor assemblies are used for detecting defects on the to-be-tested piece.
2. The magnetic flux leakage detection device according to claim 1, wherein the first magnetic transmission member and the magnetic assembly are both permanent magnets, a magnetic pole of the first magnetic transmission member is different from a magnetic pole of the magnetic assembly, the second magnetic transmission member is a magnetic yoke, and the excitation assembly and the to-be-tested member form a magnetization loop.
3. The magnetic leakage detecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic assembly includes a third magnetic transmission member around which the exciting coil is wound and an exciting coil spaced apart from the first magnetic transmission member;
the second magnetic transmission piece is simultaneously connected with the first magnetic transmission piece and the third magnetic transmission piece, and the first magnetic transmission piece, the second magnetic transmission piece and the third magnetic transmission piece all adopt magnet yokes.
4. The magnetic flux leakage detecting device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the magnetic assembly and the first magnetic transmission member are coaxially disposed, and the magnetic assembly and the first magnetic transmission member are equally spaced; the second magnetic transmission piece is arranged in parallel with the to-be-tested piece.
5. The magnetic flux leakage detecting device according to claim 4, wherein the first magnetic transmission member has a circular cross-sectional shape, the magnetic assembly has a circular cross-sectional shape, and an inner diameter D of the first magnetic transmission member2With the outer diameter D of the magnetic assembly1Satisfies the following relation:
D2＝2D1
outer diameter D of the first magnetic transmission member3Inner diameter D of the first magnetic transmission member2With the outer diameter D of the magnetic assembly1Satisfies the following relation:
6. the magnetic flux leakage detecting device according to claim 2, wherein the first magnetic transmission member has a cross-sectional profile shape of a circle, a square or a special-shaped polygon;
the cross section outline shape of the magnetic assembly is one of a circle, a square or a special-shaped polygon, and the geometric figures enclosed by the cross section outlines of the magnetic assembly and the first magnetic transmission piece are similar.
7. The magnetic flux leakage detection device according to claim 1, wherein the sensor assembly includes a first sensor assembly and a second sensor assembly, the first sensor assembly and the second sensor assembly are arranged in a circumferential direction of the magnetic assembly, and the first sensor assembly and the second sensor assembly extend in an arc shape.
8. The magnetic flux leakage detecting device according to claim 7, wherein the sensor assembly further includes a third sensor assembly and a fourth sensor assembly, the first sensor assembly and the second sensor assembly being arranged at intervals in a circumferential direction and forming a first interval space and a second interval space;
the third sensor assembly penetrates through the first spacing space, and two ends of the third sensor assembly are respectively connected with the first magnetic transmission piece and the magnetic assembly;
the fourth sensor assembly penetrates through the second interval space, and two ends of the fourth sensor assembly are respectively connected with the first magnetic transmission piece and the magnetic assembly.
9. A magnetic flux leakage detection method, characterized in that a magnetic flux leakage detection device is placed on a test piece to be tested, the magnetic flux leakage detection device being the magnetic flux leakage detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 8; the first lower end surface and the second lower end surface of the magnetic flux leakage detection device are matched on the surface of the to-be-tested piece;
and moving the magnetic leakage detection device along different directions so that the moving track of the magnetic leakage detection device covers the whole surface of the to-be-tested piece.
10. The leakage flux detection method according to claim 9, comprising the steps of:
the magnetic flux leakage detection device moves along a first direction and detects the to-be-tested piece;
the magnetic flux leakage detection device moves along a second direction and detects the to-be-tested piece; the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction;
the magnetic flux leakage detection device sequentially and alternately moves along the first direction and the second direction and detects the piece to be tested;
and completing the magnetic flux leakage detection of the whole to-be-tested piece until the magnetic flux leakage detection device completes the movement of the whole to-be-tested piece surface.
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