CN113267496B - Soil erosion and water loss monitoring instrument based on photoelectric principle - Google Patents
Soil erosion and water loss monitoring instrument based on photoelectric principle Download PDFInfo
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- CN113267496B CN113267496B CN202110521356.XA CN202110521356A CN113267496B CN 113267496 B CN113267496 B CN 113267496B CN 202110521356 A CN202110521356 A CN 202110521356A CN 113267496 B CN113267496 B CN 113267496B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 9
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009304 pastoral farming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B1/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools
- B08B1/30—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface
- B08B1/32—Cleaning by methods involving the use of tools by movement of cleaning members over a surface using rotary cleaning members
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/38—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water and soil loss monitoring instrument based on a photoelectric principle, which comprises a water collecting tank, wherein a gear box is arranged at the top end of the water collecting tank, a first motor is arranged at the top end of the gear box, and stirring rods driven to rotate by the first motor are symmetrically arranged in the water collecting tank; according to the invention, the first gear is driven by the first motor to drive the second gear meshed with the first gear to rotate, and the second gear drives the stirring rod to stir the muddy water, so that the silt and the suspended particulate matters in the muddy water sample are uniformly distributed, and the turbidity of the muddy water, the particle size composition and components of the silt and the suspended particulate matters are detected by the photoelectric sensor, so that the detection precision is ensured, the use is convenient, the monitoring work is convenient, and the screw rod is driven by the second motor to rotate, so that the brush plate on the screw rod is moved, and the filter screen plate is cleaned by the brush hair, so that the blockage problem is avoided, the water in the muddy water sample can smoothly flow out, and the normal operation of the water and soil loss measurement work is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water and soil loss monitoring, in particular to a water and soil loss monitoring instrument based on a photoelectric principle.
Background
The water and soil loss refers to the phenomenon that water and soil are simultaneously lost due to the influence of natural or artificial factors, rainwater cannot be absorbed on the spot, the rainwater flows down along the same trend and erodes the soil, and the main reasons are large ground gradient, improper land utilization, damaged ground vegetation, unreasonable farming technology, loose soil, forest abuse, excessive grazing and the like, in the water and soil conservation and ecological environment construction, the first work is water and soil loss monitoring, the work can provide quantitative water and soil loss monitoring data for the construction of a regional ecological system, forecast the regional water and soil loss trend and provide technical support for relevant policies in water and soil conservation planning and ecological construction formulated by governments;
at present, most of the water and soil loss monitoring work of regions is carried out through monitoring instruments, most of the existing water and soil loss monitoring instruments are single in structure, silt and suspended particles in muddy water cannot be guaranteed to be uniformly distributed after muddy water is sampled, so that difficulty is brought to the measurement work, the measurement precision is reduced to a certain extent, the existing water and soil loss monitoring instruments are inconvenient to use, and a filtering mechanism in the existing water and soil loss monitoring instruments is easy to block when the silt and the suspended particles are filtered and intercepted in the using process, so that water in samples cannot smoothly flow out, and the normal operation of the water and soil loss measurement work is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a water and soil loss monitoring instrument based on a photoelectric principle, in which a first motor drives a stirring rod to stir muddy water, so that silt and suspended particles in a muddy water sample are uniformly distributed, thereby ensuring detection accuracy, and a second motor drives a brush plate to move and cleans a filter screen plate through bristles, thereby avoiding the problem of blockage.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a soil erosion and water loss monitoring instrument based on photoelectric principle, includes the header tank, the header tank top is equipped with the gear box, the gear box top is equipped with first motor, the inside symmetry of header tank is equipped with through the rotatory puddler of first motor drive, puddler both sides equidistance distributes and has the stirring leaf, all install photoelectric sensor on the inner wall of header tank both sides, the header tank bottom is connected with the rose box through arranging the material pipe, the inside filter plate that is equipped with of rose box, the filter plate below is equipped with through the rotatory lead screw of second motor drive, the brush board that matches with filter plate is cup jointed to the screw thread on the lead screw, the brush board top is equipped with the brush hair, one side that the second motor was kept away from to the rose box is connected with weighing box through the drinking-water pipe, one side that weighing box kept away from the rose box is equipped with the drain pipe.
The further improvement lies in that: the bottom end in the weighing box is provided with a pressure sensor, a water pump is installed on the water pumping pipe, an electronic control valve is arranged on the discharging pipe, and a manual control valve is arranged on the water discharging pipe.
The further improvement lies in that: both sides all are fixed with spacing slider around the brush board bottom, both sides all are equipped with the spacing slide bar that is fixed in between the rose box inner wall around the brush board below, spacing slider slides and cup joints on spacing slide bar.
The further improvement lies in that: the filter box is hinged with a sealing box door through a hinge, the sealing box door is provided with a door handle, and the water collecting box is provided with a transparent observation window.
The further improvement lies in that: the output end of the first motor penetrates into the gear box through a bearing and is connected with a first gear, and the top end of the stirring rod penetrates into the gear box through the bearing and is connected with a second gear meshed with the first gear.
The further improvement lies in that: the upper portion of one side of the water collecting tank, which is far away from the weighing tank, is connected with a water inlet pipe, and one end, which is positioned outside the water collecting tank, of the water inlet pipe is connected with a sampling water pipe through a sampling water pump.
The further improvement lies in that: LED illuminating lamps are installed at the top end of the inside of the water collecting tank at equal intervals, the filter box and the weighing box are fixed at the top end of the base, and telescopic supporting legs are symmetrically fixed at the bottom end of the base.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the muddy water detection device comprises a water collection tank, wherein a first gear is driven by a first motor to drive a second gear meshed with the first gear to rotate, and the second gear drives a stirring rod to stir muddy water, so that silt and suspended particulate matters in a muddy water sample are uniformly distributed, the turbidity of the muddy water, and the particle size composition and components of the silt and the suspended particulate matters are detected by a photoelectric sensor, the detection precision is further ensured, the use is convenient, the monitoring work is convenient and fast, and the second motor drives a screw rod to rotate, so that a brush plate on the screw rod moves and a filter screen plate is cleaned by brush hairs, the blockage problem is avoided, water in the muddy water sample can smoothly flow out, and the normal operation of water and soil loss measurement work is further ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a bottom view of the brush plate of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a water collection tank; 2. a gear case; 3. a first motor; 4. a stirring rod; 5. a photosensor; 6. a discharge pipe; 7. a filter box; 8. a filter screen plate; 9. a second motor; 10. a screw rod; 11. brushing the board; 12. a water pumping pipe; 13. a weighing box; 14. a drain pipe; 15. a pressure sensor; 16. a water pump; 17. a limiting slide block; 18. a limiting slide bar; 19. sealing the box door; 20. a transparent viewing window; 21. a first gear; 22. a second gear; 23. a water inlet pipe; 24. sampling a water pump; 25. sampling a water pipe; 26. an LED lighting lamp; 27. a base; 28. a screw; 29. a threaded bushing; 30. a support block; 31. a work table; 32. a display screen.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the present invention, the following detailed description will be made with reference to the following examples, which are only used for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example one
According to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the present embodiment provides a water and soil loss monitoring instrument based on the photoelectric principle, which comprises a water collecting tank 1, wherein a gear box 2 is arranged at the top end of the water collecting tank 1, a first motor 3 is arranged at the top end of the gear box 2, stirring rods 4 driven to rotate by the first motor 3 are symmetrically arranged in the water collecting tank 1, stirring blades are equidistantly distributed at two sides of each stirring rod 4, photoelectric sensors 5 are respectively arranged on the inner walls at two sides of the water collecting tank 1, the stirring rods 4 driven to be symmetrically distributed by the first motor 3 stir muddy water, so that silt and suspended particles in a muddy water sample are uniformly distributed, the turbidity of the muddy water, the composition and composition of the silt and the suspended particles are detected by the photoelectric sensors 5, the detection precision is ensured, the use is convenient, the bottom end of the water collecting tank 1 is connected with a filter tank 7 through a discharge pipe 6, the inside filter plate 8 that is equipped with of rose box 7, filter plate 8 below is equipped with through the rotatory lead screw 10 of second motor 9 drive, the thread cup joints brush board 11 with filter plate 8 matching on the lead screw 10, 11 tops of brush board are equipped with the brush hair, rotate through second motor 9 drive lead screw 10, make brush board 11 on the lead screw 10 remove and clear up filter plate 8 through the brush hair to avoid the jam problem, one side that second motor 9 was kept away from to rose box 7 is connected with weighing box 13 through drinking-water pipe 12, one side that rose box 7 was kept away from to weighing box 13 is equipped with drain pipe 14 for the water sample is discharged.
The inside bottom of weighing box 13 is equipped with pressure sensor 15, is convenient for weigh the muddy water in the weighing box 13, install water pump 16 on the drinking-water pipe 12, be equipped with the electronic control valve on arranging the material pipe 6, be equipped with manual control valve on the drain pipe 14, be convenient for the drainage.
The front side and the rear side of the bottom end of the brush plate 11 are respectively fixed with a limiting slide block 17, the front side and the rear side of the lower part of the brush plate 11 are respectively provided with a limiting slide rod 18 fixed between the inner walls of the filter box 7, and the limiting slide blocks 17 are sleeved on the limiting slide rods 18 in a sliding manner, so that the brush plate 11 is more stable in the moving process.
The filter box 7 is provided with a sealing box door 19 in a hinged mode through a hinge, the filter screen plate 8 is convenient to clean, a door handle is arranged on the sealing box door 19, and the water collecting box 1 is provided with a transparent observation window 20, so that the stirring condition of a muddy water sample in the water collecting box 1 can be observed conveniently.
The output end of the first motor 3 penetrates into the gear box 2 through a bearing and is connected with a first gear 21, the top end of the stirring rod 4 penetrates into the gear box 2 through the bearing and is connected with a second gear 22 meshed with the first gear 21, the first gear 21 is driven by the first motor 3 to drive the second gear 22 meshed with the first gear to rotate, and the second gear 22 drives the stirring rod 4 to rotate and uniformly stir the muddy water sample.
The upper part of one side of the water collecting tank 1, which is far away from the weighing tank 13, is connected with a water inlet pipe 23, one end of the water inlet pipe 23, which is positioned outside the water collecting tank 1, is connected with a sampling water pipe 25 through a sampling water pump 24, and muddy water samples with specified weight are pumped into the water collecting tank 1 through the sampling water pump 24.
The telescopic supporting legs comprise screw rods 28 symmetrically fixed at four corners of the bottom end of the base 27, threaded sleeves 29 are sleeved on the lower portions of the screw rods 28 in a threaded manner, supporting blocks 30 are fixed at the bottom ends of the threaded sleeves 29, and the distance between each supporting block 30 and the corresponding base 27 is adjusted by rotating the threaded sleeves 29, so that telescopic adjustment is achieved.
The top end of the weighing box 13 is provided with a workbench 31, the workbench 31 is connected with a display screen 32, the photoelectric sensor 5 and the pressure sensor 15 both send detection results to the display screen 32, and the workers can know parameters of the muddy water sample conveniently.
When the loss of water and soil in an area needs to be monitored, a sampling water pump 24 is started to pump muddy water with specified weight parts into a water collecting tank 1, a first motor 3 is started to drive a stirring rod 4 to stir silt and suspended particulate matters in the muddy water to be uniformly distributed, a photoelectric sensor 5 is started to detect the turbidity of the muddy water and the particle size composition and components of the silt and the suspended particulate matters, the detection result is sent to a display screen 32, then the muddy water is guided into a filter tank 7 through a discharge pipe 6 and is intercepted by a filter screen plate 8, a second motor 9 is started to drive a brush plate 11 to move and clean the filter screen plate 8 through bristles to avoid blockage, a water pumping pump 16 is started to pump the filtered muddy water into a weighing tank 13, then the muddy water is weighed through a pressure sensor 15, the muddy water quality without the silt and the suspended particulate matters is obtained and is sent to the display screen 32, and finally, subtracting the weight of the filtered muddy water from the initial mass of the muddy water to obtain the mass of the silt and the suspended particles, and estimating the soil and water loss in the region by combining the turbidity of the muddy water obtained by detection and the particle size composition and components of the silt and the suspended particles so as to realize the monitoring of the soil and water loss.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a soil erosion and water loss monitoring instrument based on photoelectric principle, includes header tank (1), its characterized in that: the water collecting tank is characterized in that a gear box (2) is arranged at the top end of the water collecting tank (1), a first motor (3) is arranged at the top end of the gear box (2), stirring rods (4) driven to rotate by the first motor (3) are symmetrically arranged in the water collecting tank (1), stirring blades are equidistantly distributed on two sides of each stirring rod (4), photoelectric sensors (5) are mounted on inner walls of two sides of the water collecting tank (1), the bottom end of the water collecting tank (1) is connected with a filtering tank (7) through a discharging pipe (6), a filtering screen plate (8) is arranged in the filtering tank (7), a lead screw (10) driven to rotate by a second motor (9) is arranged below the filtering screen plate (8), a brush plate (11) matched with the filtering screen plate (8) is sleeved on the lead screw (10) in a threaded manner, bristles are arranged at the top end of the brush plate (11), one side, far away from the second motor (9), of the filtering tank (7) is connected with a weighing tank (13) through a water pumping pipe (12), a drain pipe (14) is arranged on one side of the weighing box (13) far away from the filter box (7);
limiting sliding blocks (17) are fixed to the front side and the rear side of the bottom end of the brush plate (11), limiting sliding rods (18) fixed between the inner walls of the filter box (7) are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the lower portion of the brush plate (11), and the limiting sliding blocks (17) are sleeved on the limiting sliding rods (18) in a sliding mode;
a pressure sensor (15) is arranged at the bottom end inside the weighing box (13), and a water pump (16) is installed on the water pumping pipe (12); the upper part of one side of the water collecting tank (1), which is far away from the weighing tank (13), is connected with a water inlet pipe (23), the water inlet pipe (23) is positioned at one end outside the water collecting tank (1), and is connected with a sampling water pipe (25) through a sampling water pump (24); LED illuminating lamps (26) are arranged at the top end of the interior of the water collecting tank (1) at equal intervals, and the filter tank (7) and the weighing tank (13) are fixed at the top end of the base (27);
when the soil and water loss in an area needs to be monitored, a sampling water pump (24) is started to pump muddy water with specified weight parts into a water collecting tank (1), a first motor (3) is started to drive a stirring rod (4) to stir suspended particles in the muddy water to be uniformly distributed, a photoelectric sensor (5) is started to detect the turbidity of the muddy water and the particle size composition and components of the suspended particles, the detection result is sent to a display screen (32), then the muddy water is guided into a filter tank (7) through a discharge pipe (6) and is intercepted through a filter screen plate (8), a second motor (9) is started to drive a brush plate (11) to move and clean the filter screen plate (8) through bristles to avoid blockage, a water pumping pump (16) is started to pump the filtered muddy water into a weighing tank (13), and then the muddy water is weighed through a pressure sensor (15), and finally, subtracting the weight of the filtered muddy water from the initial mass of the muddy water to obtain the mass of the suspended particles, and estimating the soil and water loss in the region by combining the turbidity of the muddy water obtained by detection and the particle size composition and components of the suspended particles so as to realize the monitoring of the soil and water loss.
2. The photoelectric principle-based soil erosion monitoring instrument according to claim 1, wherein: an electronic control valve is arranged on the discharging pipe (6), and a manual control valve is arranged on the water discharging pipe (14).
3. The photoelectric principle-based soil erosion monitoring instrument according to claim 1, wherein: the filter box is characterized in that a sealing box door (19) is hinged to the filter box (7) through a hinge, a door handle is arranged on the sealing box door (19), and a transparent observation window (20) is arranged on the water collecting box (1).
4. The photoelectric principle-based soil erosion monitoring instrument according to claim 1, wherein: the output end of the first motor (3) penetrates into the gear box (2) through a bearing and is connected with a first gear (21), and the top end of the stirring rod (4) penetrates into the gear box (2) through a bearing and is connected with a second gear (22) meshed with the first gear (21).
5. The photoelectric principle-based soil erosion monitoring instrument according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom end of the base (27) is symmetrically fixed with telescopic supporting feet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110521356.XA CN113267496B (en) | 2021-05-13 | 2021-05-13 | Soil erosion and water loss monitoring instrument based on photoelectric principle |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110521356.XA CN113267496B (en) | 2021-05-13 | 2021-05-13 | Soil erosion and water loss monitoring instrument based on photoelectric principle |
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| CN113267496A CN113267496A (en) | 2021-08-17 |
| CN113267496B true CN113267496B (en) | 2022-01-07 |
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| CN115791309B (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-07-21 | 江西省水利科学院 | Portable slope runoff district runoff sediment automatic sampling monitoring device |
| CN116689350B (en) * | 2023-08-08 | 2023-12-01 | 济南微纳颗粒仪器股份有限公司 | Particle measurement observation port dispersing and anti-adhesion device |
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| CN203720052U (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-07-16 | 上海河口海岸科学研究中心 | Multi-station turbidimeter calibration system for measuring hydrology and suspended sediments |
| CN109425550A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-03-05 | 韩笑 | A kind of soil loss monitoring system |
| CN209690123U (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-11-26 | 天宇利水信息技术成都有限公司 | A kind of fluid circulation system in sediment grain size analyzer |
| CN110031370B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2021-10-15 | 西安理工大学 | Measuring device and monitoring method for slope erosion sediment based on runoff turbidity identification |
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