CN113267269A - Method for measuring temperature by adopting thermal resistor - Google Patents
Method for measuring temperature by adopting thermal resistor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113267269A CN113267269A CN202110683260.3A CN202110683260A CN113267269A CN 113267269 A CN113267269 A CN 113267269A CN 202110683260 A CN202110683260 A CN 202110683260A CN 113267269 A CN113267269 A CN 113267269A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K15/00—Testing or calibrating of thermometers
- G01K15/005—Calibration
Abstract
A method for measuring temperature by adopting a thermal resistor belongs to the technical field of thermal resistor temperature measurement. The invention comprises the following steps: step 1, acquiring a resistance-temperature conversion coefficient according to the division number and the temperature measurement range of the thermal resistor; step 2, selecting a plurality of temperature points to perform verification on the thermal resistor, and acquiring the resistance value of the thermal resistor at each verification temperature point; step 3, according to the resistance-temperature conversion coefficient obtained in the step 1, performing resistance-temperature conversion on the resistance value of the thermal resistor obtained in the step 2 at each verification temperature point, and obtaining a temperature value after the resistance value conversion of each verification temperature point; step 4, acquiring a resistance-temperature conversion correction coefficient of the thermal resistor according to the standard temperature value of each verification temperature point and the converted temperature value; and 5, under a certain temperature platform, measuring the temperature according to the resistance value of the thermal resistor, the resistance-temperature conversion coefficient and the correction coefficient. The invention can effectively improve the temperature measurement precision of the thermal resistor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal resistance temperature measurement, in particular to a method for measuring temperature by adopting a thermal resistance.
Background
A main loop system of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power station adopts a plurality of thermal resistors to measure the temperature of a hot section and a cold section. The temperature measurement signal is used for reactor power control and reactor protection, the performance condition of the thermal resistor has important significance for reactivity control and nuclear safety of the whole power plant, and particularly, the measurement precision of the thermal resistor directly influences the stability and reliability of reactor power control. Conventionally, the A-level thermal resistor has an allowable range of-0.75 ℃ at 300 ℃, and has a large error range, so that the control precision and the protection margin of a reactor are influenced. Improving the accuracy of the temperature measurement can effectively improve the performance of the control system and the protection system.
The thermal resistor is widely applied to the field of industrial measurement, and has the advantages of stable measurement performance, simple application, low equipment failure rate and the like. The industrial grade is commonly used as an A-grade thermal resistor and a B-grade thermal resistor, taking PT100 as an example, the temperature measurement of the A-grade thermal resistor is within 300 ℃, and the allowable error range is-0.75 ℃.
The measurement error of the thermal resistor is mainly caused by the welding performance of the thermal resistor temperature measuring element and the lead and the resistance temperature coefficient of the thermal resistor. Wherein, the welding performance mainly influences the resistance value of the thermal resistor at 0 ℃, and the resistance temperature coefficient mainly causes deviation by the material of the resistance wire of the thermal resistor. The combined effect of these two deviations causes a measurement deviation of the thermal resistance. Studies have shown that what contributes to the error is more significantly the quality of the weld. The solder joint causes a deviation in the initial resistance, and the deviation becomes more and more pronounced as the temperature rises. The improvement of the solder joint process increases the cost of the industrial thermal resistor, and therefore, is not beneficial to popularization and application in the industrial field. The errors caused by the solder joint are not prone to significant variations in long-term use of the thermal resistor, in other words, the thermal resistor has good repeated measurement characteristics.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a method for measuring temperature by using a thermal resistor, which can effectively improve the temperature measurement precision of the thermal resistor.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method of temperature measurement using a thermal resistor, comprising the steps of:
and 5, under a certain temperature platform, measuring the temperature according to the resistance value of the thermal resistor, the resistance-temperature conversion coefficient and the correction coefficient.
According to the invention, the correction coefficient of resistance-temperature conversion is obtained through the error values between the actual temperature and the conversion temperature at a plurality of verification temperature points, so that the measured temperature is closer to the actual temperature, and the accuracy of the temperature measurement of the thermal resistor is improved.
Preferably, the specific method for acquiring the resistance-temperature conversion coefficient of the thermal resistor in step 1 is as follows: and calculating to obtain a conversion coefficient by adopting a multi-order function according to the lower temperature measurement limit, the upper temperature measurement limit and the plurality of temperature measurement intermediate points of the thermal resistor. The conversion precision of the resistance and the temperature is improved, so that the difficulty of subsequent correction is reduced, and the precision of a measurement result is finally improved.
Preferably, the specific method for acquiring the resistance-temperature conversion correction coefficient of the thermal resistor in step 4 is as follows: and fitting the converted temperature value as a horizontal axis and the standard temperature value as a vertical axis by adopting a second-order function in multiple sections by utilizing a rectangular coordinate system to obtain a correction coefficient. The error caused by fitting can be effectively reduced by the segmented fitting, and the measurement precision is improved.
Preferably, in the step 5, the resistance value of the thermal resistor is an average value of measurement results at a plurality of times, so as to improve the reliability of data.
Preferably, in the step 5, the final temperature measurement value of a certain temperature platform is an average value of a plurality of thermal resistance measurement results, so as to improve the reliability of data.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps between the steps 4 and 5:
step 4.5, collecting the resistance values of the thermal resistors at multiple moments under a certain temperature platform, and obtaining the measured temperature of each thermal resistor at multiple moments according to the resistance-temperature conversion coefficient and the correction coefficient; calculating the average value of a plurality of measured temperatures of each thermal resistor at a plurality of moments, and calculating the total temperature average value of all the thermal resistors; and (5) calculating the difference value between the measured temperature average value of each thermal resistor and the total temperature average value of all the thermal resistors, and if the difference values are smaller than a set threshold value, performing the step 5. In the step, the temperature measurement precision of the thermal resistor is verified by adopting cross calibration.
Preferably, the operation as described in step 4.5 is performed in each of the plurality of temperature platforms, and if the difference value in each temperature platform is smaller than the set threshold, step 5 is performed to ensure the reliability of the verification and further ensure the temperature measurement accuracy of the thermal resistor.
Preferably, the temperature points selected in step 2 specifically include: 0 deg.C, 50 deg.C, 100 deg.C, 150 deg.C, 200 deg.C, 250 deg.C, 300 deg.C, 350 deg.C, 370 deg.C.
Preferably, the multiple-order function used for obtaining the resistance-temperature conversion coefficient of the thermal resistor is a third-order function.
Preferably, the multistage fitting adopted for obtaining the resistance-temperature conversion correction coefficient of the thermal resistor is specifically three-stage fitting, and the fitting is respectively 0-100 ℃, 100-200 ℃ and 200-370 ℃.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the temperature measurement precision of the thermal resistor is effectively improved by correcting the coefficient;
2. the rationality and reliability of the temperature measurement method are effectively verified through cross calibration;
3. the resistance-temperature conversion coefficient is obtained by adopting a multi-order function, so that the conversion precision is improved;
4. and the correction coefficient is obtained by adopting piecewise fitting, so that the measurement error is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of temperature measurement using a thermal resistor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of resistance-temperature transition of a PT100 thermal resistor according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the result of resistance-temperature conversion of the PT100 thermal resistor of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of a piecewise fit of the results of the resistance-temperature transformation of the PT100 thermal resistor of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A method of temperature measurement using a thermal resistor, comprising the steps of:
And 4, fitting the standard temperature values of the verification temperature points and the temperature values obtained after the resistance value conversion of the verification temperature points by using a rectangular coordinate system and a second-order function in multiple sections by using the converted temperature values as a horizontal axis and the standard temperature values as a vertical axis according to the standard temperature values of the verification temperature points and the temperature values obtained after the resistance value conversion of the verification temperature points as shown in the figure 3 so as to obtain the correction coefficients. The fitting curve is shown in fig. 4, and the three fitting correction coefficients are respectively: 0-100 ℃ stage: y =2E-06x2+1.0013x + 0.0921; segment at 100-200 ℃: y =6E-06x2+1.0004x + 0.1399; segment at 200-370 ℃: y =1E-05x2+0.9978x+0.4293。
And 4.5, respectively carrying out the following cross calibration operations on a plurality of temperature platforms: collecting the resistance values of the m thermal resistors at n moments, and obtaining the measured temperature of each thermal resistor at n moments according to the resistance-temperature conversion coefficient and the correction coefficient; calculating the average value T of multiple measured temperatures of each thermal resistor at multiple time pointsavgi(i =1,2,. n), the total temperature average T of all the thermal resistances is calculatedavgm(ii) a Calculating the difference value of the average value of the measured temperature of each thermal resistor and the average value of the total temperature of all the thermal resistors; and if the difference value of each temperature platform is smaller than the set threshold value, performing the step 5.
And 5, under a certain temperature platform, carrying out temperature measurement according to the resistance values of the plurality of thermal resistors, the resistance-temperature conversion coefficient and the correction coefficient, and taking the average value of a plurality of temperature measurement results as the measurement temperature of the temperature platform. Wherein the resistance value of each thermal resistor is the average value of the measurement results at a plurality of moments under the temperature platform.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for measuring temperature by adopting a thermal resistor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, acquiring a resistance-temperature conversion coefficient according to the division number and the temperature measurement range of the thermal resistor;
step 2, selecting a plurality of temperature points to perform verification on the thermal resistor, and acquiring the resistance value of the thermal resistor at each verification temperature point;
step 3, according to the resistance-temperature conversion coefficient obtained in the step 1, performing resistance-temperature conversion on the resistance value of the thermal resistor obtained in the step 2 at each verification temperature point, and obtaining a temperature value after the resistance value conversion of each verification temperature point;
step 4, obtaining a resistance-temperature conversion correction coefficient of the thermal resistor according to the standard temperature value of each verification temperature point and the temperature value after the resistance value conversion of each verification temperature point;
and 5, under a certain temperature platform, measuring the temperature according to the resistance value of the thermal resistor, the resistance-temperature conversion coefficient and the correction coefficient.
2. The method for measuring the temperature by using the thermal resistor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific method for obtaining the resistance-temperature conversion coefficient of the thermal resistor in the step 1 is as follows: and calculating to obtain a conversion coefficient by adopting a multi-order function according to the lower temperature measurement limit, the upper temperature measurement limit and the plurality of temperature measurement intermediate points of the thermal resistor.
3. The method for measuring temperature by using a thermal resistor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific method for obtaining the resistance-temperature conversion correction coefficient of the thermal resistor in step 4 is as follows: and fitting the converted temperature value as a horizontal axis and the standard temperature value as a vertical axis by adopting a second-order function in multiple sections by utilizing a rectangular coordinate system to obtain a correction coefficient.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the resistance of the thermistor in step 5 is an average of the measurements at a plurality of times.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the final temperature measurement of a temperature platform in step 5 is an average of a plurality of thermal resistance measurements.
6. The method for measuring temperature by using thermal resistance according to claim 1, further comprising between the steps 4 and 5:
step 4.5, collecting the resistance values of the thermal resistors at multiple moments under a certain temperature platform, and obtaining the measured temperature of each thermal resistor at multiple moments according to the resistance-temperature conversion coefficient and the correction coefficient; calculating the average value of a plurality of measured temperatures of each thermal resistor at a plurality of moments, and calculating the total temperature average value of all the thermal resistors; and (5) calculating the difference value between the measured temperature average value of each thermal resistor and the total temperature average value of all the thermal resistors, and if the difference values are smaller than a set threshold value, performing the step 5.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the operation of step 4.5 is performed at a plurality of temperature platforms, and if the difference at each temperature platform is less than a predetermined threshold, step 5 is performed.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature point selected in step 2 specifically comprises: 0 deg.C, 50 deg.C, 100 deg.C, 150 deg.C, 200 deg.C, 250 deg.C, 300 deg.C, 350 deg.C, 370 deg.C.
9. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the multiple-order function is a third-order function for obtaining the resistance-temperature conversion coefficient of the thermal resistor.
10. The method for measuring the temperature by using the thermal resistor as claimed in claim 3, wherein the multi-segment fitting for obtaining the resistance-temperature conversion correction coefficient of the thermal resistor is a three-segment fitting, and the fitting is performed at 0-100 ℃, 100-200 ℃ and 200-370 ℃.
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| CN105527038A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-04-27 | 湖南威铭能源科技有限公司 | Error correction method for platinum thermal resistance sensor and calorimeter measuring temperature using the same method |
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2021
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