CN113266956A

CN113266956A - Refrigeration system and cooling method of hypergravity centrifugal machine

Info

Publication number: CN113266956A
Application number: CN202110316859.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨毅; 郭轶楠; 蒋建群; 林伟岸; 王亚林; 丁德; 余俊祥
Original assignee: Zhejiang University ZJU; Architectural Design and Research Institute of Zhejiang University Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang University ZJU; Architectural Design and Research Institute of Zhejiang University Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-24
Filing date: 2021-03-24
Publication date: 2021-08-17
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-24
Also published as: CN113266956B

Abstract

The application provides supergravity centrifuge's refrigerating system and cooling method, supergravity centrifuge includes that the centrifugal cabin of establishing outside the rotor around vertical axis pivoted rotor and cover, and the rotor includes the rotation motor, with the central pivot of rotating the motor linkage, erects at the epaxial rocking arm of central pivot and sets up the test piece cabin at the rocking arm both ends, and refrigerating system includes: the liquid medium inlets are positioned on the bulkhead at the bottom of the centrifugal cabin and distributed on the periphery of the central rotating shaft, and each liquid medium inlet is respectively provided with a flow regulating valve for gasifying the liquid medium entering the centrifugal cabin; a plurality of gaseous medium outlets in a bulkhead at the top of the centrifugal chamber; and the condensation recovery device is communicated with the gas medium outlet through a gas pipeline to receive and condense the gas medium from the gas pipeline, and is also communicated with each liquid medium inlet through a liquid conveying pipeline to convey the liquid medium formed after condensation. The refrigerating system of this application simple structure is compact, can increase substantially heat exchange efficiency.

Description

Refrigeration system and cooling method of hypergravity centrifugal machine

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of hypergravity, in particular to a refrigeration system and a cooling method of a hypergravity centrifugal machine.

Background

The supergravity centrifuge generally comprises a rotor and a centrifugal cabin, and the rotor is driven to rotate at a high speed by a driving motor to generate huge centrifugal force so as to meet the requirements of supergravity experiments. In the rotating process, the rotation of the rotor drives the air in the centrifugal cabin to flow, so that the friction between the rotor and the fixed support, between the rotor and the ambient air, and between the flowing air and the wall surface of the centrifugal cabin is caused to generate a lot of heat, for example, the heat generated by the high-speed centrifuge under the operating condition of 1500g reaches more than 5 MW. If the heat is not dissipated in time, the temperature in the centrifugal chamber is rapidly increased, the safe operation of the whole experimental device is endangered, and the safety performance and the test precision of electronic elements such as a measuring driver and the like are greatly influenced.

The common refrigeration method on the hypergravity centrifuge mainly comprises air cooling and liquid cooling, and generally adopts a method of combining air cooling with cold water cooling around a centrifugal wall, so that a plurality of devices need to be arranged outside the hypergravity centrifuge for assistance, the occupied space of the devices is large, and when the load of the centrifuge is further increased, the heat production quantity in the centrifugal chamber can be further increased, and the cold air and the cold water combined cooling can not meet the requirement of heat dissipation.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above technical problems, the present application provides a refrigeration system and a cooling method of a hypergravity centrifuge, the refrigeration system can greatly increase heat exchange efficiency and effectively reduce working energy consumption.

The utility model provides a hypergravity centrifuge's refrigerating system, hypergravity centrifuge includes and establishes the centrifugal chamber outside the rotor around vertical axis pivoted rotor and cover, the rotor includes the rotation motor, with the central pivot of rotating the motor linkage, erect at the epaxial rocking arm of central pivot and set up the test piece cabin at rocking arm both ends, refrigerating system includes:

the liquid medium inlets are positioned on a cabin wall at the bottom of the centrifugal cabin and distributed on the periphery of the central rotating shaft, and each liquid medium inlet is respectively provided with a flow regulating valve for gasifying the liquid medium entering the centrifugal cabin;

a plurality of gaseous medium outlets in a bulkhead at the top of the centrifuge capsule;

and the condensation recovery device is communicated with the gas medium outlet through a gas pipeline so as to receive and condense the gas medium from the gas pipeline, and is also communicated with each liquid medium inlet through a liquid conveying pipeline so as to convey the liquid medium formed after condensation.

Several alternatives are provided below, but not as an additional limitation to the above general solution, but merely as a further addition or preference, each alternative being combinable individually for the above general solution or among several alternatives without technical or logical contradictions.

Optionally, the axis of the central rotating shaft is used as a circle center, each liquid medium inlet is arranged close to the circle center, and each liquid medium inlet is located in a low-pressure area of the centrifugal chamber in a rotating state of the rotor.

Optionally, the liquid medium inlets are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the central rotating shaft.

Optionally, the number of the liquid medium inlets is two.

Optionally, the number of the gas medium outlets is the same as the number of the liquid medium inlets, and the circumferential positions are matched one by one. .

Optionally, each gas medium outlet is arranged away from the center of the circle, and each gas medium outlet is located in a high-pressure region of the centrifugal chamber in a rotating state of the rotor.

Optionally, the refrigeration system further comprises:

and the compressor is arranged between the gas medium outlet and the condensation recovery device and is used for compressing the gas medium before condensation.

Optionally, the liquid medium is one or more of freon R12, R22, R123, R124, R134a, R141b, R142b, R402A, R404A, R407c, R408A, R409A, R410A, R502, and R717.

The application also provides a cooling method of the hypergravity centrifugal machine, and the hypergravity centrifugal machine is cooled by adopting any refrigerating system.

Optionally, the cooling method includes: in the cooling process, the temperature in the centrifugal cabin is kept at 35-45 ℃ by controlling the flow regulating valve.

Compared with the prior art, the method has the following technical effects:

(1) the centrifugal cabin is directly used as an evaporator, the flow regulating valve is arranged at the liquid medium inlet to form an expansion valve structure, so that the heat exchange thermal resistance of a refrigeration main machine side and the heat exchange thermal resistance of an outer wall surface heat exchanger and the outer wall surface of the supergravity centrifugal machine in the conventional outer wall surface liquid cooling process are saved, and the heat exchange efficiency can be greatly increased;

(2) the refrigeration system integrates the expansion valve, the evaporator and the compressor to participate in refrigeration circulation, has simple and compact structure and can reduce energy consumption required by refrigeration.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a refrigeration system according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a pressure cloud under operating conditions for a high gravity centrifuge in practice.

The reference numerals in the figures are illustrated as follows:

10. a rotor; 11. rotating the motor; 12. a central rotating shaft; 121. an axis; 13. a rotating arm; 14. a test piece cabin;

20. a centrifugal chamber; 21. a bulkhead; 22. a liquid medium inlet; 23. a gaseous medium outlet; 24. a flow regulating valve;

30. a condensation recovery device; 31. a gas line; 32. a liquid delivery line;

40. a compressor.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or intervening components may also be present.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the present application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

In the high-speed operation process of the supergravity centrifuge, the rotation of the rotor drives air in the centrifugal cabin to flow, so that the friction between the rotating part and the fixed support, between the rotating part and the ambient air, between the flowing air and the wall surface of the test piece cabin and between the flowing air and the inner wall of the centrifugal cabin is caused to generate huge heat, a refrigeration system is required to rapidly cool the supergravity centrifuge, and liquid cooling and air cooling are mainly adopted in common methods. The air cooling circulation achieves the cooling purpose through gas replacement and low-temperature gas heat exchange, and in the process, the compressor and the expander need to work continuously and cooperate, so that the refrigeration energy consumption is high; the liquid cooling is to circularly cool the bulkhead by arranging a heat exchanger, but the problem of poor refrigeration effect caused by continuously enhanced heat exchange resistance exists; at present, a liquid cooling and air cooling combined mode is adopted, but the whole equipment is complex in structure and large in occupied space.

In view of the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present application provides a refrigeration system of a supergravity centrifuge, the supergravity centrifuge includes a rotor 10 rotating around a vertical axis and a centrifugal chamber 20 covering the rotor 10, the rotor 10 includes a rotating motor 11, a central rotating shaft 12 linked with the rotating motor 11, a rotating arm 13 erected on the central rotating shaft 12, and a test piece chamber 14 disposed at two end portions of the rotating arm 13, the refrigeration system includes: a plurality of liquid medium inlets 22, which are located on a bulkhead 21 at the bottom of the centrifugal chamber 20 and distributed on the periphery of the central rotating shaft 12, and each liquid medium inlet 22 is respectively provided with a flow regulating valve 24 for gasifying the liquid medium entering the centrifugal chamber 20; a plurality of gaseous medium outlets 23, a bulkhead 21 at the top of the centrifuge capsule 20; a condensation recovery device 30 which is communicated with the gas medium outlet 23 through a gas pipeline 31 to receive and condense the gas medium from the gas pipeline 31, and the condensation recovery device 30 is also communicated with each liquid medium inlet 22 through a liquid conveying pipeline 32 to convey the liquid medium formed after condensation; see fig. 1.

Under the working condition of high-speed operation of the supergravity centrifuge, the temperature of the centrifugal cabin 20 rises sharply to form a high-temperature environment in the cabin, and the whole cabin is equivalent to an evaporation chamber; the flow regulating valve 24 is used for controlling the flow rate of the liquid medium, on one hand, the pressure of the liquid medium can be regulated, for example, the high-pressure low-temperature liquid medium is converted into the low-pressure low-temperature liquid by throttling, on the other hand, the gasification rate of the liquid medium entering the cabin is ensured, and the low-temperature liquid enters the high-temperature environment to rapidly absorb heat and is expanded and gasified to form the gas medium; the gas medium in the chamber is caused to rotate together due to the high-speed rotation of the rotor 10, namely the gas medium continuously moves towards the inner wall of the chamber, and is finally discharged from the plurality of gas medium outlets 23 and enters the condensation recovery device 30; the condensate recovery device 30 in turn converts the gaseous medium into a liquid medium, which re-enters the centrifuge capsule 20 through a liquid conduit. According to the whole process, the centrifugal cabin 20 is directly used as an expansion valve and an evaporator to participate in refrigeration cycle in the embodiment, so that the structure of the whole system is more compact, the space utilization rate is improved, and the operation cost of the supergravity centrifugal machine is effectively reduced.

The liquid medium is one or more of Freon R12, R22, R123, R124, R134a, R141b, R142b, R402A, R404A, R407c, R408A, R409A, R410A, R502 and R717. These liquid media have moderate boiling points and do not require harsh vaporization and liquefaction conditions, which is beneficial to maintain the balance of gas and liquid conversion and prevent flow interruption.

The movement of the gaseous medium causes a gradient distribution of the pressure in the centrifugal chamber 20, and in order to maintain the cooling cycle, the positions of the liquid medium inlet 22 and the gaseous medium outlet 23 are appropriately set according to the pressure distribution. In one embodiment, each liquid medium inlet 22 is arranged close to the center of the circle with the axis 121 of the central rotating shaft 12 as the center, and each liquid medium inlet 22 is located in the low pressure region of the centrifugal chamber 20 in the rotating state of the rotor.

Further, each gas medium outlet 23 is arranged away from the center of the circle, and each gas medium outlet 23 is located in the high pressure area of the centrifugal chamber 20 in the rotating state of the rotor 10. It should be noted that the distribution of the pressure in the centrifugal chamber 20 in the radial direction is related to the acceleration of the rotor, and in the same space, the division of the low pressure area and the high pressure area is opposite.

For example, in one embodiment, Ansys software is used to simulate the pressure distribution of the a-a screenshot obtained under the working condition of 1500g centrifugal acceleration, see fig. 2, the pressure is continuously increased along the radial direction by taking the axis of the central rotating shaft 12 as the center of a circle; the liquid medium inlet 22 is provided in a relatively low pressure region to ensure that the liquid medium can expand rapidly into the chamber; a gaseous medium outlet 23 is provided in the high pressure region for timely discharge of high heat gas.

In one embodiment, the center of the axis 121 of the central rotating shaft 12 is taken as the center of the circle, the radius of the bottom of the centrifugal chamber 20 is R1, the distance between each liquid medium inlet 22 and the center of the circle is R2, and R1: r2 is 9-3: 1. On the premise of ensuring the safety of the centrifugal chamber, each liquid medium inlet 22 is positioned in a low-pressure area, and a high-pressure low-temperature gas medium directly expands after entering the position, absorbs the heat in the chamber and is evaporated into a low-pressure gas medium.

In order to reduce the running cost of the high-gravity centrifuge, in one embodiment, the axis 121 of the central rotating shaft 12 is taken as a circle center, the radius of the bottom of the centrifugal chamber 20 is R1, and the distance between each gas medium outlet and the circle center is R3; and R1: r3 is 1.2-1: 1. on the premise of ensuring the safety of the centrifugal cabin, the outlet pressure is positioned in a high-pressure area. Due to the high centrifugal acceleration of the rotor 10, a large pressure difference exists in the chamber from the central area to the edge area, and the gaseous medium located near the gaseous medium outlet 23 can be pressed directly out of the centrifugal chamber 20.

The liquid medium inlets 22 are uniformly arranged in the low-pressure area with equal radius, and the liquid medium inlets 22 with corresponding number are opened according to the heat requirement so as to meet the requirement of timely taking away heat.

The number of liquid medium inlets 22 is determined according to the application scenario of the supergravity centrifuge, and in one embodiment, there are two liquid medium inlets 22.

During the refrigeration cycle, the consumption and production of the liquid medium need to reach a balance, and in one embodiment, the number of the gas medium outlets 23 is the same as that of the liquid medium inlets 22, and the circumferential positions are matched one by one. This layout can be in time extrude a large amount of gaseous medium and condense in condensing recovery unit 30, produces the liquid medium of sufficient quantity in order to satisfy the heat dissipation demand in centrifugal cabin 20.

In an embodiment, the refrigeration system further comprises a compressor 40 arranged between said gaseous medium outlet 23 and the condensation recovery device 30 for compressing the gaseous medium before condensation. Only when the pressure of the pressed gas medium is less than the condensing pressure, the compressor 40 starts to work, and the energy consumption of the refrigerating system is greatly reduced.

Based on the refrigeration system of any embodiment, an embodiment of the present application further provides a cooling method for a supergravity centrifuge to cool the supergravity centrifuge, including the following steps:

delivering the liquid medium from the liquid medium inlet 22 into the centrifugal chamber 20 for gasification and expansion;

the gas medium is transferred from the gas medium outlet 23 to the condensation and recovery device 30 through the gas pipeline 31 to be condensed and liquefied to form a liquid medium;

the liquid medium is re-supplied to the liquid medium inlet 22 via the liquid supply line 32.

The whole refrigeration cycle process is realized by the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the centrifugal chamber 20, and a certain pressure needs to be maintained in the centrifugal chamber 20 to prevent the cycle from being interrupted. In one embodiment, the temperature in the centrifugal chamber is kept at 35-45 ℃ by controlling the flow regulating valve 24 during the cooling process. On one hand, the temperature range can meet the use safety requirement of the centrifugal cabin, and on the other hand, certain pressure is ensured in the centrifugal cabin 20 to maintain cooling circulation.

This application hypergravity centrifuge's refrigerating system maintains the balance of gasification and liquefaction with centrifugal cabin 20 as expansion valve and evaporimeter through the velocity of flow of control liquid medium, and this refrigerating system integration expansion valve, evaporimeter, compressor 40 and condensation recovery unit 30 participate in refrigeration cycle, can increase substantially heat exchange efficiency, and compressor 40 need not continuous work, effectively reduces the refrigeration energy consumption.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features. When technical features in different embodiments are represented in the same drawing, it can be seen that the drawing also discloses a combination of the embodiments concerned.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. Hypergravity centrifuge's refrigerating system, hypergravity centrifuge includes and establishes the centrifugal compartment outside the rotor around vertical axis pivoted rotor and cover, the rotor is including rotating the motor, with the central pivot of rotating the motor linkage, erect at the epaxial rocking arm of central pivot and set up the test piece cabin at rocking arm both ends, its characterized in that, refrigerating system includes:

2. The refrigeration system according to claim 1, wherein each liquid medium inlet is disposed near the center of the circle with the axis of the central rotating shaft as the center of the circle, and each liquid medium inlet is located in a low pressure region of the centrifugal chamber in a rotating state of the rotor.

3. A refrigeration system according to claim 1, wherein each liquid medium inlet is evenly distributed along the axial direction of the central rotating shaft.

4. A refrigeration system as set forth in claim 1 wherein said liquid medium inlets are two.

5. A refrigeration system as set forth in claim 1 wherein the number of gaseous medium outlets is the same as the number of liquid medium inlets and the circumferential positions are matched one to one.

6. A refrigeration system according to claim 2, characterized in that each gaseous medium outlet is arranged away from the centre of the circle and that each gaseous medium outlet is located in the high-pressure region of the centrifugal chamber in the state of rotation of the rotor.

7. The refrigerant system as set forth in claim 1, further including:

8. The refrigeration system of claim 1, the liquid medium being one or more of freon R12, R22, R123, R124, R134a, R141b, R142b, R402A, R404A, R407c, R408A, R409A, R410A, R502, R717.

9. A cooling method of a hypergravity centrifuge, characterized in that the cooling system of any one of claims 1 to 8 is used to cool the hypergravity centrifuge.

10. The cooling method according to claim 9,

in the cooling process, the temperature in the centrifugal cabin is kept at 35-45 ℃ by controlling the flow regulating valve.