CN113265226B

CN113265226B - Refrigerant, preparation method thereof and refrigerating device

Info

Publication number: CN113265226B
Application number: CN202010096610.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 容超山
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-02-17
Filing date: 2020-02-17
Publication date: 2022-03-08
Anticipated expiration: 2040-02-17
Also published as: CN113265226A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of refrigerants, and particularly discloses a refrigerant which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: the mass fraction of R600a is 5% -20%, R134a is 10% -30%, and R32 is 50% -75%. According to the invention, the three substances of R600a, R134a and R32 are mixed according to a specific mass ratio, so that a novel refrigerant can be obtained, the damage to the ozone layer is 0, the refrigeration effect can be improved by 2.5%, the energy-saving effect is improved by 16%, and meanwhile, the greenhouse effect can be reduced by 80%; moreover, the preparation method of the refrigerant is simple, is suitable for large-scale production, can be widely applied to various refrigeration equipment, and particularly can be directly applied to the existing refrigeration equipment of R410a and R32.

Description

Refrigerant, preparation method thereof and refrigerating device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of refrigerants, in particular to a refrigerant, a preparation method thereof and a refrigerating device comprising the refrigerant.

Background

In a conventional refrigeration cycle apparatus such as an air conditioner or a refrigerator, a compressor, a throttle device such as a four-way valve, a condenser, a capillary tube, and an expansion valve, an evaporator, and a reservoir are connected to each other by piping to constitute a refrigeration cycle, and a refrigerant is circulated through the refrigeration cycle apparatus to perform a cooling or heating function. Refrigerants, also called refrigerants, refrigerants and snow, are medium substances for completing energy conversion in various heat engines, and these substances usually increase power by reversible phase change, such as steam in a steam engine, snow in a refrigerator, and the like, and a general steam engine releases heat energy of steam and converts the heat energy into mechanical energy to generate motive power when in work; the snow of the refrigerator is used for transmitting heat at a low temperature to a high temperature.

In these refrigeration cycles, a halogenated hydrocarbon derived from methane or ethane, which is called freon, is known as a refrigerant. In air conditioners, refrigerators and the like, the use temperature is usually within a range of about 50 ℃ for condensation temperature and about 0 ℃ for evaporation temperature, and among these, chlorodifluoromethane (CHClF) is widely used₂R22, boiling point-40.8 ℃ C.) is used as the refrigerant. However, since R22 has the ability to destroy stratospheric ozone, its use and production volume have been limited by the Montreal International treaty, and its use and production tend to be stopped in the future.

R410a is widely used as a medium-low temperature refrigerant in the present, and is mainly used in refrigeration equipment such as household air conditioners, medium-small commercial air conditioners (medium-small unit air conditioners, household central air conditioners, multi-split air conditioners), mobile air conditioners, dehumidifiers, freeze dryers, marine refrigeration equipment, and industrial refrigeration. R410a is a novel environment-friendly refrigerant, does not destroy the ozone layer, has the working pressure about 1.6 times that of the common R22 air conditioner during refrigeration or heating, and has higher refrigeration (heating) efficiency. Improve the performance of the air conditioner without damaging the ozone layer. The R410a refrigerant is prepared from two quasi-azeotropic mixtures, mainly comprises hydrogen, fluorine and carbon (represented as hfc), and has the characteristics of stability, no toxicity, excellent performance and the like. Meanwhile, because the ozone generating agent does not contain chlorine, the ozone generating agent does not react with ozone, namely, the ozone layer is not damaged. However, the energy saving effect brought by using R410a as the refrigerant still cannot meet the current demand, and the effect of alleviating the greenhouse effect is not obvious, so it is urgently needed to develop a new refrigerant with better quality.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a novel refrigerant, a preparation method thereof and a refrigerating device comprising the refrigerant.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

in one aspect, the present invention provides a refrigerant, wherein the refrigerant is composed of the following raw materials by mass fraction, with the mass fraction of the refrigerant being 100%: 5-20% of R600a, 10-30% of R134a and 50-75% of R32.

In some embodiments, the mass fraction of the refrigerant is 100%, the mass fraction of the R600a is 10% to 15%, the mass fraction of the R134a is 20% to 25%, and the mass fraction of the R32 is 60% to 70%.

In some embodiments, the mass fraction of the R600a is 10% -12%, the mass fraction of the R134a is 21% -23%, and the mass fraction of the R32 is 65% -69%, based on 100% of the refrigerant.

In some embodiments, the mass fraction of R600a is 11.38%.

In some embodiments, the mass fraction of R134a is 22.15%.

In some embodiments, the mass fraction of R32 is 66.15%.

In some embodiments, the purity of the R600a is not less than 99.96 wt%, the purity of the R134a is not less than 99.96 wt%, and the purity of the R32 is not less than 99.96 wt%.

In some embodiments, the purity of the R600a is not less than 99.99 wt%, the purity of the R134a is not less than 99.99 wt%, and the purity of the R32 is not less than 99.99 wt%.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above refrigerant, comprising the steps of: s1, respectively detecting the purities of R600a, R134a and R32; and S2, adding the R600a, the R134a and the R32 in mass fraction into a vacuumized pressure container at room temperature, and uniformly mixing to obtain the refrigerant.

In still another aspect, the invention also provides a refrigeration device, which comprises the refrigerant.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the inventor of the invention overcomes the technical prejudice of the existing various refrigerant combinations, and unexpectedly finds that a novel refrigerant can be obtained by mixing three substances of R600a, R134a and R32 according to a specific mass ratio, the damage to the ozone layer is 0, the refrigeration effect is improved by 2.5%, the energy-saving effect is improved by 16%, and simultaneously, the greenhouse effect can be reduced by 80%; the preparation method of the refrigerant is simple, is suitable for large-scale production, can be widely applied to various refrigeration equipment, and particularly can be directly applied to the existing refrigeration equipment of R410a and R32.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

The invention provides a refrigerant, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass, wherein the percentage by mass of the refrigerant is 100 percent: 5-20% of R600a, 10-30% of R134a and 50-75% of R32.

In some embodiments, the refrigerant comprises 100% by mass of the R600a, 21% to 23% by mass of the R134a, and 65% to 69% by mass of the R32.

In some embodiments, the mass fraction of R600a is 11.38%.

In some embodiments, the mass fraction of R134a is 22.15%.

In some embodiments, the mass fraction of R32 is 66.15%.

The novel refrigerant is obtained by combining the R600a, the R134a and the R32 in specific proportions, the damage of the refrigerant to an ozone layer is still 0, the refrigeration effect and the energy-saving effect can be effectively improved, and the greenhouse effect can be obviously improved.

In some embodiments, the purity of R600a is not less than 99.96 wt%, the purity of R134a is not less than 99.96 wt%, and the purity of R32 is not less than 99.96 wt%.

In some embodiments, the purity of R600a is not less than 99.99 wt%, the purity of R134a is not less than 99.99 wt%, and the purity of R32 is not less than 99.99 wt%.

The purity of three raw materials of R600a, R134a and R32 is further optimized, so that the effects of the refrigerant in refrigeration, energy conservation, improvement of greenhouse effect and the like can be further improved.

In a specific embodiment, the refrigerant is obtained by combining 11.38% of R600a, 22.15% of R134a and 66.15% of R32 by mass fraction of 100% of the refrigerant. In this embodiment, the refrigerant is optimal in all aspects, and the ozone depletion is still 0, but the refrigeration effect can be improved by 2.5%, the energy saving effect can be improved by 16%, and the greenhouse effect can be improved by 80%.

There are many kinds of currently known refrigerants, such as freon-type R10 carbon tetrachloride, R11 monofluorotrichloromethane, R12 difluorodichloromethane, R21 monofluorodichloromethane, R22 difluorochloromethane, R32 difluoromethane, R40 chloromethane, R111 monofluoropentachloroethane, R123 trifluorodichloroethane, R133a tetrafluorochloromethane, R134a tetrafluoroethane, R140a trichloroethane; hydrocarbons such as methane, propane, butane, isobutane, ethylene, and propylene; organic oxides such as ethyl ether and methyl formate; inorganic hydrogen, helium, ammonia, water, neon, nitrogen, and the like; difluorodichloroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, tetrachloroethylene and the like which are unsaturated organic compounds; in addition, there are many mixed refrigerants such as an azeotropic refrigerant and a non-azeotropic refrigerant; among them, the azeotropic mixture refrigerant is, for example: r400 obtained by mixing 80 wt% of R22 with 20 wt% of R114, R401a obtained by mixing 53 wt% of R22, 13 wt% of R152a with 34 wt% of R124, R401b obtained by mixing 61 wt% of R22, 11 wt% of R152a with 28 wt% of R124, R401c obtained by mixing 35 wt% of R22, 15 wt% of R152a with 52 wt% of R124, R410 obtained by mixing 50 wt% of R32 with 50 wt% of R125, etc.; non-azeotropic mixture-type refrigerants such as R500 obtained by mixing 73.8 wt% R12 with 26.2 wt% R152a, R502 obtained by mixing 48.8 wt% R22 with 51.2 wt% R115, R506 obtained by mixing 55.1 wt% R31 with 44.9 wt% R114, and the like.

The invention provides a refrigerant, which is only obtained by mixing three raw materials of R600a chloroethane, R134a tetrafluoroethane and R32 difluoromethane, and the performance of the new refrigerant obtained after mixing is obviously different from that of a single R600a refrigerant, a single R134a refrigerant or a single R32 refrigerant, and is also different from that of various known azeotropic mixture refrigerants and non-azeotropic mixture refrigerants.

In the specific embodiment, the purities of R600a, R134a and R32 of the raw materials can be respectively detected by instruments such as a gas chromatograph, and the purities of R600a, R134a and R32 are not less than 99.96 wt% and not less than 99.96 wt% respectively. In a further preferred embodiment, the purity of R600a is ensured to be not less than 99.99 wt%, the purity of R134a is not less than 99.99 wt%, and the purity of R32 is not less than 99.99 wt%. After the raw materials with the purity meeting the requirements are obtained, adding three raw materials of R600a, R134a and R32 into a container according to a specific mass proportion range for uniform mixing; in a preferred embodiment, the three raw materials are added into a vacuumized pressure container, stirred and mixed, and mixed uniformly; in addition, the mixture is dried and sieved after mixing to obtain the final refrigerant.

In still another aspect, the invention also provides a refrigeration device, which comprises the refrigerant. In a specific embodiment, the refrigeration device may be an air conditioner, a dehumidifier, an industrial refrigeration equipment, or other various devices. The refrigerant provided by the invention is used in refrigeration equipment, so that the refrigeration effect of the refrigeration equipment can be effectively improved, the structural effect is obviously improved, and the greenhouse effect is reduced.

With the combination of the specific embodiments, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the inventor of the invention overcomes the technical prejudice of the existing various refrigerant combinations, and unexpectedly finds that a novel refrigerant can be obtained by mixing three substances of R600a, R134a and R32 according to a specific mass ratio, the damage to the ozone layer is 0, the refrigeration effect is improved by 2.5%, the energy-saving effect is improved by 16%, and simultaneously, the greenhouse effect can be reduced by 80%; the preparation method of the refrigerant is simple, is suitable for large-scale production, can be widely applied to various refrigeration equipment, and particularly can be directly applied to the existing refrigeration equipment of R410a and R32.

The following is a more detailed description of the present invention with reference to specific examples.

Example 1

In the embodiment, the raw materials of the refrigerant are composed of 5 mass percent of R600a, 15 mass percent of R134a and 80 mass percent of R32 which are uniformly mixed.

Example 2

In the embodiment, the raw materials of the refrigerant are composed of 10 mass percent of R600a, 20 mass percent of R134a and 70 mass percent of R32, and the three substances are uniformly mixed.

Example 3

In the embodiment, the raw materials of the refrigerant are composed of 20 mass percent of R600a, 30 mass percent of R134a and 50 mass percent of R32, and the three substances are uniformly mixed.

Example 4

In the embodiment, the raw materials of the refrigerant are composed of 15 mass percent of R600a, 10 mass percent of R134a and 75 mass percent of R32, and the three substances are uniformly mixed.

Example 5

In the embodiment, the raw materials of the refrigerant are formed by uniformly mixing 11.38% of R600a, 22.15% of R134a and 66.15% of R32 in percentage by mass.

Example 6

In the embodiment, the raw materials of the refrigerant are composed of 11 mass percent of R600a, 22 mass percent of R134a and 67 mass percent of R32 which are uniformly mixed.

Example 7

In the embodiment, the raw materials of the refrigerant are composed of 13 mass percent of R600a, 24 mass percent of R134a and 63 mass percent of R32, and the three substances are uniformly mixed.

Example 8

In the embodiment, the raw materials of the refrigerant are composed of 10% by mass of R600a, 21% by mass of R134a and 69% by mass of R32, and the three substances are uniformly mixed.

Example 9

In the embodiment, the raw materials of the refrigerant are composed of 12 mass percent of R600a, 23 mass percent of R134a and 65 mass percent of R32 which are uniformly mixed.

Comparative example 1

In this comparative example, R410a was used as the refrigerant.

Comparative example 2

In this comparative example, R600a was used as the refrigerant.

Comparative example 3

In this comparative example, R134a was used as the refrigerant.

Comparative example 4

In this comparative example, R32 was used as the refrigerant.

Performance testing

The refrigerants of examples 1 to 9 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were tested at the hong Kong university of technology laboratory for their ozone depletion rate, improvement rate of refrigeration effect, improvement rate of energy saving effect and improvement rate of greenhouse effect with respect to the currently commonly used refrigerant R22, and the specific test results are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

As can be seen from the data in table 1, a novel refrigerant can be obtained by mixing three substances, namely R600a, R134a and R32, according to a specific mass ratio, and by using the novel refrigerant, not only the damage to the ozone layer is 0, but also the refrigeration effect can be improved by 2.5%, the energy-saving effect is improved by about 16%, and simultaneously, the greenhouse effect can be reduced by 80%; the simple R600a, R134a and R32 in the comparative example can not achieve the effect if being used as refrigerants respectively, and the conventional R410a refrigerant can not achieve the effect.

The preparation method of the refrigerant is simple, is suitable for large-scale production, can be widely applied to various refrigeration equipment, and particularly can be directly applied to the existing refrigeration equipment of R410a and R32.

The above-described embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The refrigerant is characterized in that the refrigerant is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass, wherein the percentage by mass of the refrigerant is 100 percent:

R600a 5％-20％；

R134a 10％-30％；

R32 50％-85％。

2. the refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein the mass fraction of the R600a is 10% to 15%, the mass fraction of the R134a is 20% to 25%, and the mass fraction of the R32 is 60% to 70%, based on 100% of the refrigerant.

3. The refrigerant according to claim 1, wherein the mass fraction of the R600a is 10% to 12%, the mass fraction of the R134a is 21% to 23%, and the mass fraction of the R32 is 65% to 69%, based on 100% of the refrigerant.

4. The refrigerant of claim 1, wherein the mass fraction of R600a is 11.38%.

5. The refrigerant of claim 1, wherein the mass fraction of R134a is 22.15%.

6. The refrigerant of claim 1, wherein the mass fraction of R32 is 66.15%.

7. The refrigerant of claim 1, wherein the purity of R600a is not less than 99.96 wt%, the purity of R134a is not less than 99.96 wt%, and the purity of R32 is not less than 99.96 wt%.

8. The refrigerant as set forth in claim 1, wherein said purity of R600a is not less than 99.99 wt%, said purity of R134a is not less than 99.99 wt%, and said purity of R32 is not less than 99.99 wt%.

9. A method for preparing a refrigerant according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of: s1, respectively detecting the purities of R600a, R134a and R32; and S2, adding the R600a, the R134a and the R32 in mass fraction into a vacuumized pressure container at room temperature, and uniformly mixing to obtain the refrigerant.