CN113264509B

CN113264509B - Large vertical self-locking furnace body and industrial furnace with same

Info

Publication number: CN113264509B
Application number: CN202110526866.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李朝侠; 黄河
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-05-14
Filing date: 2021-05-14
Publication date: 2022-05-17
Anticipated expiration: 2041-05-14
Also published as: CN114909900A; CN113264509A

Abstract

The invention provides a large vertical self-locking furnace body which is sequentially divided into a furnace top, a furnace body side wall and a furnace bottom from top to bottom, wherein the furnace body side wall is divided into four sections of a flue gas chamber expansion section furnace body, a flue gas outlet furnace body, a conical section furnace body and a lower straight section furnace body from top to bottom; the self-locking type combined furnace lining is formed on the joint surface of the heat insulation isolation layer and the working layer by adopting a self-locking type combined structure. The invention adopts the idea of building the furnace lining different from the traditional furnace lining, and aims to solve the problems that when a furnace body with huge towering mass is built, the structure of the furnace body and the furnace lining are reconfigured, unsafe factors caused by the huge mass of the furnace body are eliminated, and the side walls of the furnace body are integrated, so that the self-balancing capability and the disaster resistance capability of large-scale equipment are improved.

Description

Large vertical self-locking furnace body and industrial furnace with same

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of refractory materials, and particularly relates to a large vertical self-locking furnace body and an industrial furnace with the same.

Background

The introduction of large acid-making fluidized industrial furnace body is in foreign technology. In the operation of a furnace body, the problems of separation of a steel shell from a furnace lining, deformation of the furnace lining, sulfur leakage and the like generally occur, and the conditions of furnace lining collapse at the expansion sections of a furnace top, a flue and a flue gas chamber, sudden accidents and production stop occur in many cases. These circumstances indicate that there is a problem in the self-stability of the furnace structure.

The industrial furnace body belongs to a special-shaped building, and also has the functions of a special large-scale industrial furnace, a special building and special large-scale heat equipment. The appearance characteristics of the furnace body are as follows: the furnace body is a sealed hollow cylinder composed of an upper section and a lower section with different diameters, and the middle is a right cone connecting the upper and the lower sections to form a round-like granary shape with a large upper part and a small lower part. The top of the furnace body is arched, and the periphery of the furnace body is covered on the upper part of the cylindrical furnace body on the upper part of the furnace body; the furnace bottom at the lower part of the furnace body is a circular flat plate and is connected with the furnace body at the lower part of the circular cylinder shape, and the dead weight of the whole furnace body and the dynamic load in operation are lifted.

The whole furnace body is separated from the ground and is located on a basic concrete ring beam or a basic frame beam, the lower part of the concrete basic beam is provided with a group of high-frame concrete upright posts which extend into tens of meters below the ground, and a block-shaped concrete base is arranged below the high-frame concrete upright posts.

The furnace body structure of the large vertical industrial furnace is divided into a furnace top A, a furnace body side wall B and a furnace bottom C from top to bottom in sequence by referring to fig. 1a and fig. 1B. The external related equipment of the furnace body is a feeding system and an air supply system at the lower part of the furnace body. The air supply system stably homogenizes the air body through simple buffer equipment, changes and controls the flow direction and the speed of the air body, forms a rotational flow to supply air to the furnace body so as to supply oxygen required in the process of the furnace body and generate stirring and material flowing kinetic energy to the materials of the furnace body.

In the industrial furnace body, the furnace top comprises a steel plate top cover at the top of the furnace top, a steel bracket at the lower part of the top cover of the furnace top, a heat-insulating layer of the furnace top, a working layer of the furnace top and a foot beam of an arch of the furnace top. The furnace body side wall comprises four sections of continuous components, namely a flue gas chamber expansion section furnace body B1, a furnace body conical section furnace body B2, a lower straight section furnace body B3 and a flue gas outlet B4. The furnace bottom is a metal structure system, and a refractory material furnace lining is arranged on the fire-seeing surface of the furnace.

The vertical industrial furnace adopting the foreign technology which is commonly used and operated at present has the furnace body deviation and the flue gas leakage after the operation for a period of time, the furnace body is smaller at the time of the foreign technology introduction in China, and the design idea of a designer on the design of a furnace top structure stress system and the design mode of a brick lining is omitted and deviated. If the problems are not solved, the problems of furnace body deformation and flue gas leakage which are caused during the operation of the furnace body can not be solved. These conditions are more prominent in large and tall furnace types and ultra-large furnace bodies. Nowadays, the mass of industrial furnaces is mainly ultra-large and ultra-large. Taking a furnace body for supplying a calcine raw material for electrolyzing zinc of more than 15-20 ten thousand tons per year as an example, the height of the furnace body protruding out of the ground is about 36 meters, the diameter of an expanded section of a flue gas chamber at the upper part of the furnace body is over phi 22 meters, the weight of the furnace body is about 3000 tons, the design idea of a furnace lining is not changed, and the furnace body can bear no heavy load only by keeping 600 plus 700 tons of furnace top components stable in the furnace body.

The traditional furnace wall structure is a brick lining wrapped by a steel shell. The furnace wall structure is as follows in sequence: a furnace body steel shell, a light insulating brick masonry and a heavy refractory masonry. Four steel supporting rings are arranged at the bottom of the fluidized bed section, the bottom of the conical section and the bottom of the flue gas chamber expansion section on the inner side of the cylinder steel shell, and respectively support the weight of the insulating bricks and the refractory brick lining of the three sections. The uppermost steel trunnion ring lifts the entire furnace roof. In the furnace body stress system, the steel shell of the furnace body bears the weight of the refractory lining of all the side walls of the furnace body, and also bears the weight of all the components including steel components of the furnace top and the oblique thrust of the arched furnace top to the steel shell. Under high temperature, the steel shell of the furnace body is separated from the refractory lining due to different expansion rates, so that the brick lining and the steel shell part lose the mutual supporting effect, the brick lining looses, deforms and cracks to make the lining lose the tightness and penetrate fire, and the rigidity of the steel shell is reduced when the temperature is increased. The phenomenon is more prominent on the upper part of the side wall of the furnace body, and the phenomenon is more obvious when the furnace body is larger. The mischief of the lining separation of the furnace body on the side wall of the furnace body on the upper part of the lining of the expansion section not only leads sulfur-containing flue gas of the furnace body to leak, but also causes damage to the stability of the mechanical structure of the furnace body due to the load of the heavy furnace top on the side wall of the furnace body. In a large or ultra-large industrial furnace, the weight of the furnace top component is 4 to 5 times of the weight of the side wall of the fluidized bed section at the lower part of the furnace body, and the weight of the furnace lining of the expanded section of the flue gas chamber added on the furnace top is 1.5 times or more of the weight of the conical section and the fluidized bed section, so that the structure and the loading mode which have large top and small bottom and light top are easy to deform the furnace wall at the flue gas outlet of the furnace wall to slide on the furnace top, and the lower part of the side wall of the furnace body bears the heavy load and the inertia torque of the furnace body and the furnace top at the upper part besides the static load, the flow load and the high abrasion of the material flow, so that the furnace lining of the fluidized bed section at the lower part of the furnace body is easy to damage.

In order to solve the problems of the integral strength and the tightness of the furnace lining, the inventor has conducted many years of intensive research, and has successively applied for a plurality of patents, including the new furnace body structure of the boiling industrial furnace with the application number of 01262210.9, the refractory furnace lining of the large-area tuyere zone fluidization industrial furnace with the application number of 200710055130.5, and the application number is 200710055127.3, the name is fluidized industrial furnace spherical arch furnace top and the forming method thereof, the patents are focused on solving the problems of strengthening and reinforcing the furnace lining and integrating the furnace top of the large fluidized bed industrial furnace, and the problems of pushing the furnace wall by the furnace top of the large fluidized bed industrial furnace, decomposing the load of the furnace top on the furnace wall, separating the furnace lining, deforming the flue, leaking the smoke, resisting disasters in the operation of the large and high furnace body and the like are not solved fundamentally. The problem that a furnace body refractory lining on a furnace body lining of a large and high-rise or super-large industrial furnace is loose and a steel shell is separated is solved, the problem that the oblique thrust of a huge and heavy furnace top to the upper part of the furnace body causes the upper part of the steel shell to expand and deform is solved, the furnace body is operated safely and stably for a long time and the problem of flue gas leakage is prevented, the furnace body is integrated, the furnace body can be firm and flexible, the disaster resistance of the furnace body is improved, and the service life of the furnace is prolonged.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a large and ultra-large self-locking industrial furnace body and an industrial furnace having the same, which solve the problems of the prior art that the large and ultra-large industrial furnace has insufficient functionality and stability, is easy to leak sulfur, and has easy deformation and damage of furnace lining and difficult replacement and repair. The furnace body with large towering mass built by the invention can not generate the phenomena that the furnace body is separated, shaken and loosened, the furnace wall is not deformed due to the unbalanced push of the heavy furnace top to the side wall, the resonance with the process operation frequency can not be generated in the high-temperature operation of the furnace body, and the disaster resistance to the emergency is improved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a technical scheme that:

the large self-locking industrial furnace body is sequentially divided into a furnace top, a furnace body side wall and a furnace bottom from top to bottom, wherein the furnace body side wall is divided into four sections of a flue gas chamber expansion section furnace body, a flue gas outlet furnace body, a conical section furnace body and a lower straight section furnace body from top to bottom, the furnace body side wall comprises a steel shell arranged outside and a furnace lining structure arranged inside, and the furnace lining structure comprises a heat insulation isolation layer and a working layer; the joint surface of the heat insulation isolation layer and the working layer adopts an integral combined structure which is mutually lapped and can not be retreated and separated to form the self-locking combined furnace lining.

Preferably, a metal anchoring member is embedded in the self-locking combined furnace lining, the metal anchoring member is connected with a steel shell of the furnace body, the steel shell is effectively combined with the self-locking combined furnace lining, and the steel shell, the heat-insulating isolation layer and the refractory concrete working layer form a sandwich type strong-weak-strong configuration integrated structure.

Preferably, the working layer is a refractory concrete working layer; the heat insulation isolation layer is a light porous body, a fiber material, a porous bulk material building block or a layer structure which is made on site and has various shapes and is lower than the heat conduction performance of the refractory concrete working layer.

Preferably, the furnace lining structure of the high-load and high-wear section of the furnace body is divided into three layers: the heat-insulating isolation layer, the central fire-resistant support working layer and the high-strength fire-resistant concrete anti-abrasion fire-visible surface working layer.

Preferably, the lower part of the furnace lining structure of the furnace body conical section is provided with a high-strength anti-abrasion ceramic surface working layer.

Preferably, a sealing ring is provided at each open port on the furnace body.

Preferably, the furnace top is divided into a furnace top working layer, a furnace top heat insulation layer, a furnace top steel supporting member, a furnace top steel shell and a furnace top lifting beam from bottom to top; the supporting form of the furnace top is a double-mechanical supporting structure combining lifting support and suspension support.

Preferably, the furnace top is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body, and the furnace top appears in a positive pressure mode to the side wall of the furnace body; the furnace top is provided with a suspension system on the same thermal ground to lock the center of the furnace top and to assist in hanging and lifting the flat part of the furnace top.

Preferably, the supporting support is: the furnace top lifting beam is divided by the steel shell on the upper part of the side wall of the furnace body, so that one part of the furnace top and the lifting beam are arranged outside the side wall of the furnace body and are supported by a second supporting system arranged outside the furnace body, the other part of the furnace top lifting beam is arranged at the upper end of the furnace wall of the side wall of the furnace body, and the second supporting system outside the furnace body, the furnace wall on the side wall of the furnace body and the steel shell on the side wall of the furnace body share the load of the furnace top.

Preferably, a plurality of openings are cut on the periphery of the furnace body steel shell at the upper part of the furnace body at the height position of the furnace top lifting beam corresponding to the furnace body steel shell, and the openings are uniformly distributed on the furnace body steel shell at the corresponding position of the furnace top lifting beam.

Preferably, a supporting ring at the lower part of the furnace top lifting beam is arranged at the lower part of the furnace top lifting beam inside and outside the steel shell of the furnace body, and a rib plate is arranged at the lower part of the inside and outside supporting ring.

Preferably, metal anchoring members for fixing the furnace roof lifting beam are arranged inside and outside the steel shell of the furnace body along the corresponding part of the furnace roof lifting beam.

Preferably, a special steel shell for the furnace top is arranged outside the furnace top lifting beam and around the lifting beam; the furnace top special steel shell is hermetically connected with the furnace body steel shell; and a support member is also arranged at the lower part of the steel shell special for the furnace roof.

Preferably, the suspended support is a suspension system, and is a support system of a support ring at the lower part of the furnace top lifting beam, and covers the upper part of the furnace top; and the anchoring member is arranged on the suspension system, penetrates through the furnace top heat-insulating layer, is embedded in the castable furnace top, and is used for suspending and fixing the furnace top at a preset position.

The invention also provides a technical scheme that:

a large industrial furnace having any one of the furnace bodies described above.

Has the advantages that:

the invention relates to a large and ultra-large self-locking industrial furnace, which is improved on a furnace body steel shell on the side wall of a furnace body and a furnace lining structure inside the furnace body, wherein the steel shell, a furnace lining heat-preservation isolation layer and a working layer adopt sandwich type strength matching materials, and the strength of the furnace body construction material is configured to be strong-weak-strong; on the combination surface of the heat insulation isolation layer and the working layer, a self-locking combination structure is adopted; the metal anchoring member is embedded in the self-locking combined furnace lining, the metal anchoring member is connected with a steel shell of the furnace body, the steel shell is effectively combined with the self-locking furnace lining, the side walls of the furnace cylinder body are mutually hooked and mutually supported and mutually drawn to form a whole, and a double-mechanical supporting system of an external metal member support and a nonmetal furnace lining of the furnace body is jointly formed, so that the side wall of the furnace body forms an integrated combined furnace lining with a compact and stable sandwich double-mechanical supporting structure. The consistency of the integral strength of the furnace body during operation and blowing out is greatly improved, the stability and disaster resistance of the furnace body in dealing with emergencies and the transition process of starting and blowing out are improved, and the structural defect of the traditional furnace body that the furnace lining loses the integral structural strength because the furnace lining and the steel casing respectively expand and deform in the high-temperature operation of the side wall of the furnace body so that the steel casing and the furnace lining of the furnace body are separated is overcome.

The invention integrates the furnace lining of the furnace body on the vertical side wall of the furnace body, so that the side wall of the furnace body becomes the furnace body with a high-strength stable binary dual-mechanical furnace body supporting structure in a sandwich mode. The steel shell of the furnace body and the working layer of the pouring material integral furnace lining are respectively two sides of the high-strength furnace body, and the furnace lining of the heat-preservation isolation layer with low soft strength is clamped in the middle. The anchoring member rooted from the steel shell of the furnace body passes through the furnace lining of the heat-insulating isolation layer and enters the working layer of the castable to be fixed, thereby locking the side wall of the whole furnace body. The sandwich integral furnace body is a high-strength, high-efficiency, energy-saving and combined furnace lining mode with good flexibility, stability and thermal shock resistance.

The invention adopts a self-locking combined structure which can not be separated and retreated on the joint surface of the heat-insulating isolation layer and the working layer in the furnace lining of the furnace body, and carries out 'lap joint' combination on the mutual contact surfaces of two different furnace linings. The contact surface area of the two different furnace linings at the combined part is greatly higher than the surface area of the non-contact surfaces of the backs of the respective furnace linings. The 'lap joint' combination enables the two different furnace linings to utilize the 'interface effect' of the greatly expanded contact surface area to carry out mutual support and fusion of a more sufficient and close stress field on the 'lap joint' surface, and more heat energy is stored on the lap joint interface, so that the furnace body is lighter and thinner, and the heat preservation and the energy conservation are realized.

Aiming at the operation characteristics and the load distribution condition of the large vertical high furnace body, the invention sets furnace linings with different thicknesses and different structures so as to prolong the non-overhaul long-term comprehensive operation life of the furnace as much as possible and be beneficial to the operation of the furnace.

The invention changes the design idea, mechanical structure configuration and construction mode of the furnace top of the traditional industrial furnace, liberates the design of the weight and the expansion rate of the furnace top from the design idea of 'the design capacity of the side wall of the furnace body must be obeyed', and forms 'the furnace top is the furnace top and the furnace wall is the furnace wall, can be in a mutual combination relationship, can also be in a mutual matching relationship, and can also be in a relationship that the building structures are separated from each other and are combined by technical means or other modes'.

The supporting structure of the furnace top is arranged right above the whole furnace body, and a part of the upper steel shell of the side wall of the furnace body is used as a steel structure reinforcing member of the furnace top lifting beam to enter the furnace top lifting beam, so that the furnace top extends out of the side wall of the furnace body for supporting. At the moment, the furnace top lifting beam reinforced by the furnace body side wall steel shell fuses the strength change characteristic of the high-strength refractory concrete and the strength characteristic of the furnace body side wall steel shell, the furnace top lifting beam becomes a large-scale integral hoop beam member of a steel member, the high strength and the flexibility of the large-scale steel member concrete beam are realized, and the stability of the high-temperature material structure and the stability of the volume of the large-scale refractory concrete are also realized. The furnace roof comes in the form of a positive pressure load on the furnace side walls. The furnace top extends out of the side wall of the furnace body along with the furnace top lifting beam, and the furnace top load is respectively hung on two sides of the steel shell of the side wall of the furnace body and is respectively supported by the supporting system of the furnace top lifting beam. The furnace top lifting beam is supported by two mechanical structure supporting systems which are arranged inside and outside and are arranged at the lower part of two parts of lifting beams which are hung inside and outside a furnace side wall steel shell in a surrounding way, the two mechanical structure supporting systems belong to two mechanical structure systems, the acting force and the reacting force are equal to each other and opposite in direction on two sides of a steel plate extending into the lifting beam, and the mechanical balance of the lifting beam is carried out. When the lifting beam bears unbalanced moment, vibration and shake of emergencies, thermal shock of huge energy of rapid cooling and rapid heating, and other disasters inside and outside the furnace body, the melting and dissolving are rapidly carried out on the whole furnace top and the side wall of the furnace body through the closed circular shape of the lifting beam of the furnace top, the supporting system of the lifting beam inside and outside the furnace body and the whole steel shell on the side wall of the furnace body.

At this time, the furnace top and the furnace side wall are in a positive pressure load relationship. The furnace top lifting beam stabilizes the furnace body, strengthens the sealing and heat-insulating performance of the furnace body and avoids the damage to the upper part of the furnace body caused by unbalanced pushing load of the furnace top to the inner side surface of the upper part of the side wall of the furnace body.

The invention arranges a self-locking suspension system in the center of the furnace top, so that the furnace top is provided with a double-mechanical support structure with the combination of lifting support of the lower furnace top and stable suspension positioning of the upper suspension system, and the furnace top is locked. The gravity center of the furnace top is coincided with the symmetrical center of the furnace top, and the gravity center of the furnace top is kept on the same straight line with the symmetrical center of the furnace body, so that the phenomenon that the huge furnace top slides in the operation of the furnace, the gravity center of the furnace top deviates from the symmetrical center line of the furnace body to lead the furnace top to pull the furnace body to incline is avoided, the self-weight downward deflection of the flat part of the furnace top is controlled, and the furnace has strong disaster resistance in the long-term operation.

The invention adopts a double-mechanical supporting structure for the furnace top lifting beam, which extends out of the side wall of the furnace body. The supporting system of the lifting beam outside the side wall of the furnace body and the furnace body are in a large thermal position, so that the aim of synchronous expansion of the furnace body is kept.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a first schematic structural diagram of a roasting furnace body of the prior art;

FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of a gas furnace body of a prior art;

FIG. 2a is a schematic structural view of a sidewall of a furnace body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2b is a schematic view of a conical segment furnace lining structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2c is a first schematic view of the lower straight furnace lining of the fluidized bed according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2d is a schematic view of the lower straight furnace lining structure of the fluidized bed according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion L1 of the expanded section of the flue gas chamber of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion L2 of the cone furnace of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion L3 of the cone furnace of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion L4 of the lower straight furnace section of the fluidized bed of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of portion M of FIG. 3;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of the construction of a furnace roof according to one embodiment of the invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a furnace roof according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the machining of the steel shell on the side wall of the furnace body according to the present invention;

fig. 11 is an enlarged view of a portion N of fig. 10.

In the figure: furnace top A, furnace body side wall B, flue gas chamber expansion section furnace body B1, furnace body cone section furnace body B2, fluidized bed lower straight section furnace body B3, flue gas outlet B4, furnace bottom fluidized bed air distribution plate C, steel shell 101, metal anchoring part 102, trunnion ring beam 103, trunnion ring 104, heat preservation isolation layer 201, central refractory support working layer 202, high-strength refractory concrete anti-abrasion fire surface working layer 203, high-strength anti-abrasion porcelain surface working layer 204, hoop beam 205, sealing ring 206, furnace top working layer 301, furnace top heat preservation layer 302, furnace top steel shell 303, furnace top special steel shell 304, furnace top jacking beam 305, cutting opening 306, jacking beam inner hoop 3071, jacking beam outer trunnion ring 3072, inner trunnion ring support rib plate 73, outer trunnion ring support rib plate 3074, reinforcing member 308, outer hoop 3081, annular plate 3082, outer reinforcing

hoop

3083, 309 expansion joint device, jacking system 401, second support system 4011, a suspension system 402.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments in order to make the technical field of the present invention better understood. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

The present embodiment provides a furnace body for a large-scale industrial furnace, which is divided into four sections, namely, a furnace top a, a furnace side wall B and a furnace bottom C sequentially from top to bottom, the furnace side wall is divided into a furnace body conical section furnace body B2, a fluidized bed lower straight section furnace body B3 and a flue gas outlet B4 from top to bottom, referring to fig. 2 a-2 d and fig. 3-11. Dividing the furnace body side wall B according to the material property of the furnace lining structure of the furnace body and different process performances of the furnace body on the furnace body, wherein the furnace body side wall B comprises a steel shell 101 arranged outside and a furnace lining structure arranged inside; the lining is defined by the temperature characteristics of the material, and comprises a heat-insulating isolation layer 201 and a working layer; the self-locking type combined furnace lining is formed on the combination surface of the heat insulation isolation layer 201 and the working layer by adopting a self-locking type combined structure. The self-locking combined structure is an integrated self-locking combined structure which is mutually overlapped and can not be separated back. A metal anchoring member 102 is embedded in the self-locking combined furnace lining, the metal anchoring member 102 is connected with a steel shell 101 of a furnace body, the steel shell 101 is effectively combined with the self-locking combined furnace lining, and the steel shell 101, the heat-insulating isolation layer 201 and the working layer form a sandwich type strong-weak-strong configuration integrated structure. The side wall B of the furnace body is connected in series with the metal component for the self-locking combined furnace lining through the metal steel shell, so that a double-mechanical support system of the metal component and the nonmetal component of the furnace body is formed together, the integral strength and the tightness of the furnace body are increased, and the defects of the furnace body structure of the traditional large-scale/super-large-scale industrial furnace are overcome, namely the problems that the steel shell and the furnace lining are different in expansion characteristics during the operation of the large-scale/super-large-scale vertical high-load industrial furnace, the separation is caused by respective expansion deformation, and the integral structural strength of the furnace lining is lost.

Wherein, the working layer in this embodiment is a refractory concrete working layer formed by refractory castable; the heat insulation isolation layer can be a light porous body, a fiber material, a porous bulk material block, or a layer structure which is made on site and has various shapes and is lower than the heat conduction performance of the refractory concrete working layer. The invention adopts the refractory castable to form the working layer by pouring, changes the traditional masonry working layer, overcomes the defect that the traditional furnace lining is easy to loosen, deform and crack, and realizes better stability and airtightness.

Further, in this embodiment, the thickness of the furnace lining and the configuration mode of the furnace lining material are set according to different process functionality requirements and load requirements of the furnace body. As shown in figure 2, the heat-insulating isolation layer 201 of the furnace lining of the cone section adopts light heat-insulating bricks, the central fire-resistant supporting working layer 202 adopts high-alumina bricks, the high-strength fire-resistant concrete anti-abrasion fire surface working layer 203 adopts high-strength casting materials, the lower furnace lining is additionally provided with a high-strength anti-abrasion ceramic surface working layer 204, and high-strength coating materials and anti-abrasion ceramic layers are adopted to reduce the cleaning workload of hanging ores at the turning part of the furnace lining, so the furnace lining is thicker than the furnace lining at the upper part of the cone section, and the hoop beams 205 adopt the high-strength casting materials. As shown in fig. 2c and 2d, the heat-insulating isolation layer 201 of the lower straight-section furnace lining of the fluidized bed adopts light bricks, the central refractory support working layer 202 adopts high-alumina bricks, and the high-strength refractory concrete anti-abrasion fire-surface working layer 203 adopts corundum castable and is slightly thicker; a sealing ring 206 is mounted at the spacer ring around the hole. The flue gas expansion section of the furnace body is a furnace body (comprising a furnace top cavity) and is high and steep in standing, the surface area and the height of the furnace lining are larger than the sum of the conical section and the fluidized bed section, and the upper part of the furnace lining bears a heavy furnace top, so that a large area of self-locking closed furnace lining with high strength and flexibility is adopted, the furnace lining is provided with a flexible isolation layer, a light heat insulation layer and a high-strength castable working layer, and the contact between the furnace lining and a steel shell is enhanced by a metal anchoring member.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4-7, the furnace lining structure of the high-load and high-wear section of the furnace body is divided into three layers: a heat insulation isolation layer 201, a central fire-resistant support working layer 202 and a high-strength fire-resistant concrete anti-abrasion fire surface working layer 203. For example, referring to fig. 6, the refractory concrete working layer in the lining structure of the straight furnace body under the fluidized bed is composed of a central refractory support working layer 202 and a high-strength refractory concrete wear-resistant fire surface working layer 203, so that the lining structure of the straight furnace body under the fluidized bed is divided into three layers: a heat insulation isolation layer 201, a central fire-resistant support working layer 202 and a high-strength fire-resistant concrete anti-abrasion fire surface working layer 203. The high strength refractory concrete wear protection fire face working layer 203 is outside the central refractory support working layer 202. The mechanical support of the furnace body is mainly supported by the steel shell 101 and the central refractory support working layer 202 at the rear of the high-strength refractory concrete anti-abrasion fire surface working layer 203.

Referring to fig. 5, the lower part of the furnace lining structure of the cone furnace body is also provided with a high-strength anti-abrasion ceramic surface working layer 204. Can make the process material slide rapidly, reduce wearing and bonding material. And the dust deposition and abrasion of the furnace lining at the lower part of the conical section are prevented, and the number of times of furnace shutdown for cleaning the dust deposition of the conical section in the process is reduced.

The heat preservation isolation layer 201 in the furnace lining structure of the flue gas chamber expansion section furnace body is composed of a buffer isolation layer and a light brick heat preservation layer, the buffer isolation layer and the light brick heat preservation layer form a composite isolation heat preservation layer, and the furnace lining structure of the furnace body flue gas chamber expansion section is divided into three layers: buffer isolation layer, light brick heat preservation and fire-resistant concrete working layer.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 3 and 7, one side of the thermal insulation isolation layer 201 corresponding to the working layer is an uneven structure, and the working layer is poured on the uneven structure, so that better high-temperature stability is achieved.

Referring to fig. 3, 5-7, a metal anchoring member 102 is installed between the steel casing 101, the insulating layer 201 and the working layer, such as stainless steel anchoring members, to tightly bond the structures together. The superior metal ductility of the steel shell and the superior high-temperature stability of the fireproof concrete layer are perfectly combined together, so that the advantages of the steel shell and the working layer are combined with each other no matter under which working condition the furnace body operates, the defects that the metal characteristics and the inorganic non-metal fireproof material characteristics are mutually fused and complementary in advantages are mutually compensated in emergencies and furnace start and shutdown, and the deformation of the furnace body and the leakage of smoke are effectively controlled.

In addition, a seal ring is provided around each open port on the furnace body. For example, sealing rings, such as stainless steel sealing rings, are arranged on the cooling pipe mounting port, the inlet port, the ignition port, the throwing port and the like of the fluidized bed section on the furnace body, the isolation ring of the open holes of the flue and the flue inlet port and the like on the upper part of the furnace body, and the top end of the upper part of the furnace wall. Prevent the furnace body air chamber from leaking air quantity along the inner side of the steel shell and causing the leakage of sulfur on the upper part of the furnace body.

In another embodiment of the present invention, a furnace body for a large-scale industrial furnace is provided, referring to fig. 8-11, a furnace top is divided into a furnace top working layer 301, a furnace top insulating layer 302, a furnace top steel supporting member 303, a furnace top steel shell 304 and a furnace top lifting beam 305 from bottom to top; the supporting form of the furnace top is a double-mechanical supporting structure combining lifting support and suspension support. The furnace top is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body and is not limited by the maximum external dimension of the side wall B of the furnace body, and the furnace top appears on the side wall of the furnace body in a positive pressure mode; a suspension system 402 on the same thermal stand is arranged on the furnace top to lock the center of the furnace top and to assist in suspension and lifting of the flat part of the furnace top. The advantages are that: (1) the stress structure of the furnace top is changed, so that the diffuse large-area bearing of the oblique side thrust of the furnace top on the inner side of the steel shell of the furnace body is changed into the vertical stress of the steel shell of the furnace wall, the load of the furnace top is changed into a standard stress mode of a building component, and the furnace top is larger and heavier and can also be processed according to the national relevant building design standard. (2) The shape of the furnace body with the furnace top protruding out of the furnace wall is a stable and conventional shape of preventing leakage. (3) The shift of the center of the furnace top increases the supporting strength of the furnace top and the stability of the furnace top support.

Referring to fig. 8 and 9, the lifting support is a lifting system 401: the furnace top lifting beam 305 is divided by the steel shell 101 on the upper part of the side wall of the furnace body, so that part of the furnace top and the lifting beam are arranged outside the side wall of the furnace body and are supported by a second supporting system 4011 arranged outside the furnace body, the second supporting system comprises an outer lifting beam supporting ring 3072 outside the furnace body, an outer supporting ring supporting rib plate 3074 and a reinforcing member 308, the other part of the furnace top lifting beam is arranged at the upper end of the furnace wall of the side wall of the furnace body, and the second supporting system outside the furnace body, the furnace wall on the inner side wall of the furnace body and the steel shell on the side wall of the furnace body share the load of the furnace top. And transferring part of the load of the furnace top part to the outside of the furnace body.

And cutting a plurality of openings 306 on the periphery of the furnace body steel shell at the upper part of the furnace body at the height position of the furnace top lifting beam corresponding to the furnace body steel shell, referring to fig. 10, wherein the openings are uniformly distributed on the furnace body steel shell at the corresponding position of the furnace top lifting beam. For example, the sum of the opening areas may be set to not more than 50% of the projected area of the roof lifting beam on the furnace steel shell.

Referring to fig. 9 and 11, support rings, such as an inner supporting ring 3071 and an outer supporting ring 3072, are arranged at the lower part of the furnace top lifting beam inside and outside the steel shell of the furnace body, and rib plates, such as an inner supporting ring supporting rib plate 3073 and an outer supporting ring supporting rib plate 3074, are arranged at the lower parts of the inner and outer support rings. And reinforcing the lifting beam.

And metal anchoring members for fixing the furnace roof lifting beam, such as a reinforcing member 308 shown in fig. 8, an outer hoop enclosing plate 3081 shown in fig. 9, a ring-shaped plate 3082 and an outer reinforcing hoop 3083 are arranged inside and outside the steel shell of the furnace body along the corresponding part of the furnace roof lifting beam. And stabilizing the lifting beam.

Referring to fig. 8, a furnace roof special steel shell 304 is arranged outside the furnace roof lifting beam and around the lifting beam; the furnace top special steel shell 304 is hermetically connected with the furnace body steel shell 303; the lower part of the special steel shell for the furnace roof is also provided with supporting pieces, namely an outer supporting ring 3072 of the lifting beam and a supporting rib plate 3074 of the outer supporting ring.

The suspended support is a suspension system 402, which is derived from a support system of a support ring at the lower part of the furnace roof lifting beam and covers the upper part of the furnace roof; and an anchoring member is arranged on the suspension system, penetrates through the furnace top heat-insulating layer, is embedded in the casting furnace top, and suspends and fixes the furnace top at a preset position. Specifically, the suspension system 402 includes a suspension member 4021 embedded in the furnace top, and an elastic system 4022 connected to the suspension member 4021, the elastic system 4022 is suspended on a steel frame (not shown) above, and the steel frame 4023 may be an existing one on the furnace top or a later-built one. When the furnace is operated, the temperature rises to more than one thousand degrees, the furnace top expands upwards, the elastic system 4022 is loosened and is in an unstressed free state, when the furnace is stopped in process or production maintenance, the temperature is reduced, the furnace top is cooled and contracted downwards, the elastic system is in a tightened state under the intense contraction force to generate upward traction force, and therefore the furnace top slowly descends to protect the furnace top. In the embodiment, the lifting support system is arranged on the periphery of the furnace top, part of load of the furnace top is transferred to the outside of the furnace body, and the suspension system is arranged in the center of the furnace top to form a double-mechanical support structure combining lifting support and suspension support. The traditional mode that the inner side of the steel shell bears the furnace top load is changed into the mode that the furnace body steel structure and the furnace lining bear the furnace top load together, so that the tolerance of the furnace body to the furnace top load is improved, and the running safety of large-scale and super-large-scale roasting furnaces is improved.

The technical scheme of the invention is not limited to large-scale industrial furnaces, and is also suitable for ultra-large industrial furnaces.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that are within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The large vertical self-locking furnace body is sequentially divided into a furnace top, a furnace body side wall and a furnace bottom from top to bottom, wherein the furnace body side wall is divided into four sections of a flue gas chamber expansion section furnace body, a flue gas outlet furnace body, a conical section furnace body and a lower straight section furnace body from top to bottom; the joint surface of the heat insulation isolation layer and the working layer adopts an integral combined structure which is mutually lapped and can not be retreated and separated to form a self-locking combined furnace lining;

a metal anchoring member is embedded in the self-locking combined furnace lining and connected with a steel shell of a furnace body, the steel shell is effectively combined with the self-locking combined furnace lining, and the steel shell, the heat-insulating isolation layer and the working layer form a sandwich type strong-weak-strong configuration integrated structure.

2. The large-scale vertical self-locking furnace body according to claim 1, wherein the working layer is a refractory concrete working layer; the heat insulation isolation layer is a layer structure which is manufactured on site and has various shapes and is lower than the heat conductivity of the refractory concrete working layer, the layer structure is a fiber material or a porous bulk material building block, and the porous bulk material building block comprises a light porous body.

3. The large vertical self-locking furnace body according to claim 2, wherein the furnace lining structure of the high-load and high-wear section of the furnace body is divided into three layers: the heat-insulating isolation layer, the central fire-resistant support working layer and the high-strength fire-resistant concrete anti-abrasion fire-visible surface working layer.

4. The large vertical self-locking furnace body according to claim 3, wherein the lower part of the furnace lining structure of the furnace body conical section is provided with a high-strength anti-abrasion ceramic surface working layer.

5. The large vertical self-locking furnace body according to claim 4, wherein a sealing ring is provided at each open port on the furnace body.

6. The large-scale vertical self-locking furnace body according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the furnace top is divided into a furnace top working layer, a furnace top heat-insulating layer, a furnace top steel supporting member, a furnace top steel shell and a furnace top lifting beam from bottom to top; the support form of the furnace top is a double-mechanical support structure combining lifting support and suspension support;

the supporting structure of the furnace top is arranged right above the whole furnace body, and a part of a steel shell on the upper part of the side wall of the furnace body is used as a steel structure reinforcing member of the furnace top lifting beam to enter the furnace top lifting beam, so that the furnace top extends out of the side wall of the furnace body to be supported;

the center of the furnace top is provided with a self-locking suspension system, and the gravity center of the furnace top is superposed with the symmetrical center of the furnace top.

7. The large-scale vertical self-locking furnace body according to claim 6, wherein the furnace top is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body, and the furnace top appears in a positive pressure mode to the side wall of the furnace body; a suspension system with the same thermal force field is arranged on the furnace top to lock the center of the furnace top and to assist in suspension and lifting of the flat part of the furnace top.

8. The large vertical self-locking furnace body according to claim 6, wherein the lifting support is: the furnace top lifting beam is divided by the steel shell on the upper part of the side wall of the furnace body, so that one part of the furnace top and the lifting beam are arranged outside the side wall of the furnace body and are supported by a second supporting system arranged outside the furnace body, the other part of the furnace top lifting beam is arranged at the upper end of the furnace wall of the side wall of the furnace body, and the second supporting system outside the furnace body, the furnace wall of the side wall of the furnace body and the steel shell on the side wall of the furnace body share the load of the furnace top.

9. The large-scale vertical self-locking furnace body according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of openings are cut on the periphery of the furnace body steel shell at the upper part of the furnace body at the height position of the furnace top lifting beam corresponding to the furnace body steel shell, and the openings are uniformly distributed on the furnace body steel shell at the corresponding position of the furnace top lifting beam.

10. The large-scale vertical self-locking furnace body according to claim 6, wherein a supporting ring at the lower part of the furnace top lifting beam is arranged at the lower part of the furnace top lifting beam inside and outside the steel shell of the furnace body, and a rib plate is arranged at the lower part of the inner and outer supporting rings.

11. The large-scale vertical self-locking furnace body according to claim 6, wherein metal anchoring members for fixing the furnace top lifting beam are arranged inside and outside the steel shell of the furnace body along the corresponding parts of the furnace top lifting beam.

12. The large-scale vertical self-locking furnace body according to claim 6, wherein a special steel shell for the furnace top is arranged outside the lifting beam of the furnace top and around the lifting beam; the furnace top special steel shell is hermetically connected with the furnace body steel shell; and a support member is also arranged at the lower part of the steel shell special for the furnace roof.

13. The large vertical self-locking furnace body according to claim 6, wherein the suspension support is a suspension system, which is a support system of support rings at the lower part of the furnace top lifting beam and covers the upper part of the furnace top; and an anchoring member is arranged on the suspension system, penetrates through the furnace top heat-insulating layer, is embedded in the castable furnace top, and is used for suspending and fixing the furnace top at a preset position.

14. A large industrial furnace comprising the furnace body according to any one of claims 1 to 13.