CN113262627A - System and method for synergistically removing oxynitride and oxysulfide by strong atomization - Google Patents

System and method for synergistically removing oxynitride and oxysulfide by strong atomization Download PDF

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CN113262627A
CN113262627A CN202110535549.0A CN202110535549A CN113262627A CN 113262627 A CN113262627 A CN 113262627A CN 202110535549 A CN202110535549 A CN 202110535549A CN 113262627 A CN113262627 A CN 113262627A
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ammonia
atomization
soda solution
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CN113262627B (en
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刘银河
杨欢
边浩
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/80—Semi-solid phase processes, i.e. by using slurries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/60—Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
    • B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/30—Alkali metal compounds
    • B01D2251/304—Alkali metal compounds of sodium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
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    • B01D2251/606—Carbonates
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    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
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Abstract

The invention discloses a system and a method for synergistically removing oxynitride and oxysulfide by strong atomization, wherein an ammonia water storage tank is connected with an ammonia water input end of an ammonia alkali solution tank through an ammonia water delivery pump; a feed inlet and a water inlet above the ammonia-soda solution tank are respectively connected with Na2CO3The raw material tank is connected with the dilution water tank, the mixed solution outlet of the ammonia-soda solution tank is connected with the solution inlet of the atomization injection system arranged in the flue through an ammonia-soda solution delivery pump, and the air inlet of the atomization injection system is connected with the compression fan through an air filter. The ammonia-soda solution has good atomization effect and SO3High removal rate, wide applicability, short modification period and low pollutant treatment cost, and realizes NOxAnd SOxThe problems of cross-layer deposition corrosion of the air preheater, reduction of boiler efficiency and the like caused by ammonium bisulfate are greatly relieved by the synergistic removal of the ammonium bisulfate.

Description

System and method for synergistically removing oxynitride and oxysulfide by strong atomization
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of atmospheric pollutant control, and particularly relates to a system and a method for synergistically removing oxynitride and oxysulfide based on a strong atomization effect of a micro-explosion effect.
Background
With the increasingly strict environmental protection standard and the continuously strengthened enforcement of law, the SCR denitration system becomes important equipment for realizing ultralow emission of large-scale thermal power generating units. V in conventional SCR catalysts2O5Can remove SO in the flue gas2Oxidation to SO3To cause SO in the flue gas3The concentration is obviously improved. SO (SO)3With ammonia escaping from the flue gasThe reaction generates liquid Ammonium Bisulfate (ABS), and the ammonium bisulfate is condensed on the surface of an object or dispersed in flue gas in the form of liquid drops, has very high viscosity, can be adhered to the surface of an air preheater, causes the blockage of the air preheater, increases the system resistance, increases the power consumption of a fan, reduces the heating area, and reduces the boiler efficiency. H is easily adsorbed by ash blockage in the air preheater2SO4The low temperature corrosion is aggravated, and a vicious circle is generated. The air preheater is blocked by the condensation of ammonium bisulfate and sulfuric acid, and the cross-layer deposition caused by the dew point rise of the ammonium bisulfate is the main reason of the ash blockage of the air preheater at present. Experiments and researches show that SO in flue gas3When the concentration is lower than 5ppm, the scaling risk of the ammonium bisulfate in the air preheater is greatly reduced. Therefore, to alleviate and eliminate SO3The negative influence on the operation of the unit is realized, and the high-efficiency SO removal is carried out3The control technology is the inevitable choice for safe and efficient operation of the coal-fired power plant unit.
At present, the alkaline absorbent injection technology is to efficiently remove SO in the flue gas of a coal-fired power plant3For example, chinese patent No. CN 201810589423.X discloses a method for cooperatively removing heavy metals and acidic gases in flue gas by flue injection of an alkaline absorbent, but in actual operation, the problems of poor atomization effect, uneven distribution of the alkaline absorbent, bad working conditions of a spray gun and a nozzle, and the like exist, and SO cannot be guaranteed3The removal efficiency influences the long-time stable operation of the unit; for example, Chinese patent No. CN 201610202418.X discloses a dry powder adsorbent for flue injection removal of SO3The injection quantity of the dry powder reagent is not easy to control, and the removal of SO is not easy to achieve due to too little injection quantity3The effect of (2) is that too much increases the workload of the electric dust collector and increases the cost of the dry powder reagent. In actual operation, the dry powder storage tank is required to be kept in a micro-positive pressure state at any moment, so that the dry powder is prevented from absorbing moisture in air and being agglomerated to block a nozzle and a pipeline. Therefore, a pollutant emission control means with good atomization effect, high removal efficiency, good nozzle cooling condition, small alkaline reagent injection amount, small floor area and short modification period is needed to realize NOxAnd SOxThe removal is coordinated, and the safe and efficient operation of the coal-fired unit is guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a system and a method for removing oxynitride and oxysulfide synergistically by strong atomization based on the micro-explosion effect, wherein Na is used for overcoming the defects in the prior art2CO3The alkaline absorbent is fully dissolved in ammonia water to form ammonia-soda solution, air is used as an atomizing medium to spray the ammonia-soda solution into smoke, ammonia dissolved in the ammonia-soda solution is heated and evaporated and continuously and quickly escapes from the solution, the ammonia-soda solution is influenced by quick overflow of the ammonia to form micro explosion effect on the surface of ammonia-soda droplets, and the micro explosion effect is gradually diffused to the inner layer along with the increase of the distance from a spraying point until the whole droplets are completely divided into small droplets. The atomization effect of the ammonia-soda solution is enhanced, the contact surface area of the liquid drops and the flue gas is increased, the mixing degree of the ammonia-soda solution and the flue gas is improved, the drying time of the adsorbent is reduced, and the SO in the flue gas is greatly reduced3The concentration and the ammonia escape are reduced, and the problems of corrosion and deposition of an air preheater, reduction of the operating efficiency of a boiler and the like caused by ammonium bisulfate are solved.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the strong atomization synergistic nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxide removal system comprises an ammonia water storage tank, wherein the ammonia water storage tank is connected with an ammonia water input end of an ammonia alkali solution tank through an ammonia water delivery pump; a feed inlet and a water inlet above the ammonia-soda solution tank are respectively connected with Na2CO3The raw material tank is connected with the dilution water tank, the mixed solution outlet of the ammonia-soda solution tank is connected with the solution inlet of the atomization injection system arranged in the flue through an ammonia-soda solution delivery pump, and the air inlet of the atomization injection system is connected with the compression fan through an air filter.
Specifically, the ammonia water storage tank and the ammonia-soda solution tank are arranged at the same height, and an ammonia water flow valve is arranged on a conveying pipeline between the ammonia water conveying pump and the ammonia-soda solution tank.
Specifically, the dilution water tank is connected with the water inlet of the ammonia-soda solution tank through a dilution water delivery pump.
Specifically, the ammonia-soda solution tank is provided with a stirring device and a heating device.
Specifically, an ammonia-alkali solution flow valve and an ammonia-alkali solution filter are sequentially arranged on an ammonia-alkali solution conveying pipeline between the ammonia-alkali solution conveying pump and the atomization injection system, and a heat-preservation facility is laid outside the ammonia-alkali solution conveying pipeline.
Specifically, SO is sequentially arranged in the flue along the flowing direction of flue gas3Concentration detection device and NOxA concentration detection device.
Specifically, an atomizing nozzle of the atomizing and spraying system sequentially comprises an ammonia-soda solution channel, an atomizing medium air channel and an external heat insulation material from inside to outside, wherein an ammonia-soda solution is arranged in the ammonia-soda solution channel, and compressed air is arranged in the atomizing medium air channel.
The other technical scheme of the invention is that the method for removing the oxynitride and the oxysulfide by the synergy of the strong atomization comprises a system for removing the oxynitride and the oxysulfide by the synergy of the strong atomization, and comprises the following specific steps:
the ammonia water is conveyed to the ammonia alkali solution tank from the ammonia water storage tank by the ammonia water conveying pump; na is transported by adopting a pneumatic transportation mode2CO3Na in the raw material tank2CO3Conveying the raw material dry powder reagent into an ammonia-soda solution tank to be fully and uniformly mixed with ammonia water, and conveying the dilution water into the ammonia-soda solution tank by a dilution water conveying pump by a dilution water tank to be used for diluting the ammonia-soda solution; conveying the ammonia-soda solution to an atomization injection system through an ammonia-soda solution conveying pump; during the period, the flow passes through an ammonia-alkali solution flow valve and an ammonia-alkali solution filter in sequence to control the flow of the ammonia-alkali solution and filter undissolved large-particle Na2CO3Raw materials; the compressed air is supplied to an air inlet of the atomization injection system by the compressed fan to be used as an atomization medium, and the pressure of the compressed air is adjusted to ensure the atomization effect of the ammonia-soda solution in the flue gas; using SO arranged in flue3Concentration detection device and NOxConcentration detection device for monitoring SO in flue gas3And NOxConcentration control of Na2CO3Raw material reagent supply amount and dilution water amount.
Specifically, the concentration of ammonia water in the ammonia water storage tank is 20-25%; the ammonia water with the concentration of 8 to 15 percent and the Na with the concentration of 20 percent are arranged in the ammonia-alkali solution tank2CO3Forming a mixed solution.
Specifically, the pressure of air supplied by the compression fan is 0.5-0.8 MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the strong atomization synergistic nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxide removal system combines an ammonia spraying system and an alkaline slurry spraying system, and reduces Na by using high-temperature ammonia-air mixed gas2CO3Drying time of the slurry so that Na is contained2CO3The slurry is dried within a very short distance from the nozzle, greatly increasing the SO3The removal efficiency; the heat insulation material is laid outside the conveying pipeline, and the filter is arranged in the pipeline, so that the problems of pipeline blockage caused by crystallization precipitation of the absorbent and pipeline blockage caused by undissolved large-particle alkaline reagent are effectively prevented; the arrangement structure of two layers of two-fluid atomization spray guns is adopted, the mixing degree of ammonia gas, alkaline slurry and flue gas is improved, ammonium bisulfate can be prevented from being generated, the problems of cross-layer deposition corrosion of an air preheater, blockage and inactivation of SCR catalyst pores and the like caused by ammonium bisulfate are greatly relieved, the downtime and the cleaning and maintenance cost of the air preheater are reduced, the boiler efficiency is improved, and the ammonia-alkali solution is mixed and sprayed to be removed in a coordinated manner, so that on one hand, the centralized control of a pollutant emission reduction system is realized, the complexity of the whole operation system is reduced, and the pollutant treatment cost is reduced; on the other hand, the occupied area is reduced, the cooperative removal transformation can be directly implemented on the existing SCR denitration system, the transformation period is short, and the cost is low.
Further, ammonia dissolved in the ammonia-soda solution is heated to evaporate and continuously and quickly escapes from the solution, the ammonia-soda solution is influenced by quick overflow of the ammonia, a micro explosion effect is formed on the surface of ammonia-soda liquid drops, the surface layer of the ammonia-soda liquid drops is preferentially divided into liquid drop annular bands formed by a plurality of small liquid drops, and the micro explosion effect is gradually diffused to the inner layer along with the increase of the distance from the spraying point until the whole liquid drops are gradually diffused to the inner layerIs completely divided into small droplets, improves the mixing uniformity of the ammonia-soda solution and the flue gas, enhances the atomization effect of the nozzle by a plurality of small droplets formed by the micro-explosion effect, increases the contact area of the ammonia-soda solution and the flue gas, and reduces Na2CO3The drying time of the solid-phase particles is prolonged, and ammonia gas and Na are increased2CO3The even distribution degree of the solid-phase particles in the flue gas prolongs the distribution of the alkaline solid-state particles and SO3In turn, the reaction time of (3) and (3) is increased3And (4) removing rate.
Further, the dilution water is sent into the ammonia-soda solution tank by the dilution water delivery pump and is used for adjusting the concentration of the ammonia-soda solution and ensuring that the ammonia-soda solution can be mixed with SO in the flue gas after being sent into the flue3、NOxAnd (4) fully reacting.
Furthermore, the ammonia-soda solution tank is provided with a stirring device and a heating device, and is used for ensuring the mixing uniformity of the ammonia-soda solution and keeping the temperature of the ammonia-soda solution constant.
Furthermore, because the atomization effect is enhanced, the mixing degree of ammonia gas and flue gas is improved, the ammonia spraying amount is reduced, the ammonia escape amount is reduced, the denitration cost is saved, and undissolved Na is filtered by an ammonia-soda solution filter2CO3The solid-phase large particles avoid the blockage of pipelines and nozzles, realize the effective recovery and the efficient utilization of raw materials, and the outside of the ammonia-soda solution conveying pipeline is additionally provided with a warm-keeping facility for heat insulation and preventing Na2CO3The condensation crystals block the pipeline.
Further, SO in the flue gas3The concentration is greatly reduced, the acid dew point temperature is reduced, the air preheater can operate at a lower temperature, the utilization rate of the heat of the flue gas is improved, and the boiler efficiency is further improved.
Furthermore, the atomizing nozzle is reasonable in structure, compressed air is taken as an atomizing medium and simultaneously cools the atomizing nozzle, and the outermost side heat-insulating material is used for insulating heat, so that the nozzle is ensured to be in a good cooling condition, and the service life of parts of an atomizing and spraying system is prolonged.
The invention relates to a system for synergistically removing oxynitride and oxysulfide by strong atomization, namely Na2CO3Alkaline absorbent in ammoniaThe ammonia-soda solution is fully dissolved in water to form ammonia-soda solution, the air is used as an atomizing medium to spray the ammonia-soda solution to the smoke, the ammonia dissolved in the ammonia-soda solution is heated and evaporated, and the ammonia is rapidly escaped from the solution, SO that the atomizing effect of the ammonia-soda solution is enhanced, the uniform mixing degree of the ammonia, the alkaline adsorbent and the smoke is improved, and the SO in the smoke is greatly reduced3Concentration, the problem of corrosion and deposition of the air preheater, reduction of boiler efficiency and the like caused by ammonium bisulfate is relieved, the denitration cost is saved, the power consumption of a fan is reduced, and the downtime and the cleaning and maintenance cost of the air preheater are reduced.
Further, the concentration of the ammonia water in the ammonia water storage tank is 20% -25%, the ammonia water is delivered into the ammonia alkali solution tank through an ammonia water delivery pump, and Na is added2CO3The raw material dry powder reagent is sent into ammonia water to be rapidly dissolved to form ammonia-soda solution, and the dilution water is used for diluting the ammonia-soda solution to proper concentration.
Further, compression fan supplies with air pressure and is 0.5 ~ 0.8MPa, adopts the air to strengthen the atomizing effect as atomizing medium on the one hand, and on the other hand, compression fan is convenient for quick adjustment air pressure, satisfies the atomizing pressure demand in real time.
In conclusion, the ammonia-soda solution has good atomization effect and SO3High removal rate, wide applicability, short modification period and low pollutant treatment cost, and realizes NOxAnd SOxThe problems of cross-layer deposition corrosion of the air preheater, reduction of boiler efficiency and the like caused by ammonium bisulfate are greatly relieved by the synergistic removal of the ammonium bisulfate.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a nozzle in the atomizing spray system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the "microexplosion effect" of ammonia-base droplets according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1. an ammonia storage tank; 2. an ammonia water delivery pump; 3. ammonia flow valve; 4. an ammonia-soda solution tank; 5.Na2CO3A raw material tank; 6. a dilution water tank;7. a dilution water transfer pump; 8. an ammonia-soda solution delivery pump; 9. an ammoniacal solution flow valve; 10. an ammonia-soda solution filter; 11. a compression fan; 12. an air filter; 13. an atomizing spray system; NO. 14xA concentration detection device; SO 153A concentration detection device; 16. a flue; 17. an ammonia-soda solution passage; 18. an atomized medium air passage; 19. an external thermal insulation material.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "one side", "one end", "one side", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
It will be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Various structural schematics according to the disclosed embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated and possibly omitted for clarity of presentation. The shapes of various regions, layers and their relative sizes and positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, and deviations may occur in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and a person skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions, according to actual needs.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a system for removing oxynitride and oxysulfide synergistically by strong atomization based on micro-explosion effect, comprising an ammonia storage tank 1, an ammonia transfer pump 2, an ammonia flow valve 3, an ammonia-soda solution tank 4, and Na2CO3 Raw material tank 5, dilution water tank 6, dilution water delivery pump 7, ammonia-soda solution delivery pump 8, ammonia-soda solution flow valve 9, ammonia-soda solution filter 10, compression fan 11, air filter 12, atomization injection system 13, NOxConcentration detection device 14, SO3 Concentration detection device 15, flue 16.
The ammonia water storage tank 1 is connected with an ammonia water input end of an ammonia-soda solution tank 4 through an ammonia water delivery pump 2, the ammonia water delivery pump 2 is responsible for delivering ammonia water to the ammonia-soda solution tank 4, and an ammonia water flow valve 3 is arranged on a delivery pipeline; a feed inlet and a water inlet above the ammonia-soda solution tank 4 are respectively connected with Na2CO3The raw material tank 5 is connected with the dilution water tank 6, Na2CO3The raw material tank 5 conveys Na in a pneumatic conveying mode2CO3The raw material dry powder reagent is sent into an ammonia-soda solution tank 4, a dilution water delivery pump 7 is arranged between a dilution water tank 6 and the ammonia-soda solution tank 4, and dilution water is injected from a water inlet above the ammonia-soda solution tank 4; the mixed solution outlet of the ammonia-soda solution tank 4 is connected with an ammonia-soda solution delivery pump 8 and is responsible for delivering the ammonia-soda solution to the solution inlet of the atomization injection system 13; the air inlet of the atomizing injection system 13 is connected with the compressor fan 11 through the air filter 12, and the atomizing injection system 13 is arranged in the flue 16.
The ammonia water storage tank 1 and the ammonia alkali solution tank 4 are arranged on the same height, and the concentration of the ammonia water in the ammonia water storage tank 1 is 20-25%; ammonia water and Na in the ammonia-alkali solution tank 42CO3Mixed solution, Na in ammonia-soda solution2CO3The concentration is 20 percent, and the ammonia concentration is 8 to 15 percent. The ammonia is mostly NH in water3Molecule and NH3·H2O (ammonium monohydrate) exists in the form of a very small part ionized into NH4+With OH-The monohydrate aminolysis constant is 1.79X 10-5，
Figure BDA0003069484230000091
The first order hydrolysis constant of the ion is 1.8X 10-4The second stage of hydrolysis is ignored,
Figure BDA0003069484230000092
the first order hydrolysis constant of an ion is 10 times the dissociation constant of ammonia monohydrate, and it is considered that OH in solution-The ions are mainly composed of
Figure BDA0003069484230000093
The hydrolysis is carried out to generate the hydrolysis product,at this time, even OH-The ions make the dissociation of the ammonia monohydrate proceed in the reverse direction, but only about one thousandth of the ammonia monohydrate in the solution is affected, the mass fraction of the saturated ammonia water at normal temperature is 35%, and the ammonia concentration in the embodiment is only 8% -15%, so the ammonia-alkali solution can be mutually soluble and stably exists at normal temperature.
The ammonia-soda solution tank 4 is provided with a stirring device and a heating device, and is used for ensuring the mixing uniformity of the ammonia-soda solution and keeping the temperature of the ammonia-soda solution constant. An ammonia-alkali solution flow valve 9 and an ammonia-alkali solution filter 10 are respectively arranged on the ammonia-alkali solution conveying pipeline, the flow of the ammonia-alkali solution is regulated and controlled, and the undissolved Na is treated2CO3The large solid particles are filtered back to the ammonia-soda solution tank 4, so that the blockage of the atomizing nozzle is effectively prevented, and the high-efficiency utilization of the raw materials is ensured. The ammonia-soda solution conveying pipeline is externally laid with a warm facility for heat insulation and Na prevention2CO3The condensation crystals block the pipeline.
An ammonia-soda solution flow valve 9 and an ammonia-soda solution filter 10 are arranged on an ammonia-soda solution conveying pipeline between the ammonia-soda solution conveying pump 8 and the atomization injection system 13, and undissolved Na is treated2CO3Solid large particles are filtered and conveyed back to the ammonia-soda solution tank 4 for recycling, so that the blockage of the atomizing nozzle is effectively prevented.
The outside of the ammonia-soda solution conveying pipeline is additionally provided with a warm keeping facility for heat insulation and Na prevention2CO3The condensation crystals block the pipeline.
The air pressure supplied by the compression fan 11 is 0.5-0.8 MPa, the outlet of the compression fan is connected with the air filter 12 and used for removing impurities in the air and preventing the blockage of the atomizing nozzle, the outlet of the air filter 12 is connected with the air inlet of the atomizing injection system 13, and the injection direction of the atomizing nozzle is along the flow direction of the flue gas. SO are arranged in the flue 16 along the flowing direction of the flue gas in sequence3 Concentration detection device 15 and NOxConcentration detection device 14, SO3 Concentration detection device 15 and NOxThe concentration detection devices 14 are respectively used for monitoring SO in the flue gas3And NOxConcentration, regulation of Na2CO3Raw material reagent supply amount and dilution water amount.
Referring to fig. 2, the atomizing nozzle in the atomizing injection system 13 sequentially includes an ammonia-soda solution passage 17, an atomizing medium air passage 18, and an external thermal insulation material 19 from inside to outside; the ammonia-soda solution channel 17 is an ammonia-soda solution channel, and the atomized medium air channel 18 is a compressed air channel; compressed air pressure is 0.5-0.8 MPa, compressed air is taken into account when atomizing medium and is cooled atomizing nozzle, and outside insulation material 19 is used for thermal-insulated, guarantees that atomizing nozzle is in good cooling condition, prolongs atomizing injection system 13's life.
Referring to fig. 3, ammonia-soda solution is heated in flue gas, ammonia dissolved in ammonia-soda droplets is heated and evaporated, and constantly and rapidly escapes from the solution, the ammonia-soda solution is influenced by rapid overflow of ammonia, a micro explosion effect is formed on the surface of the ammonia-soda droplets, the surface layer of the ammonia-soda droplets is preferentially divided into a droplet annular belt consisting of a plurality of small droplets, the micro explosion effect gradually diffuses towards the inner layer along with the increase of the distance from the ejection point until the whole droplets are completely divided into the small droplets, the micro explosion effect enhances the atomization effect of the ammonia-soda solution, the contact area of the droplets and the flue gas is increased, the distribution uniformity of ammonia and an alkaline absorbent in the flue gas is improved, the time required by drying the absorbent is reduced, and the time required by drying alkaline solid particles and SO is prolonged3The reaction time greatly reduces SO in the flue gas3And (4) concentration.
The invention relates to a method for synergistically removing oxynitride and oxysulfide based on a strong atomization effect of a microexplosion effect, which comprises the following steps of:
the ammonia water is conveyed from the ammonia water storage tank 1 to the ammonia alkali solution tank 4 by the ammonia water conveying pump 2;
na is transported by adopting a pneumatic transportation mode2CO3Na in the raw material tank 52CO3The raw material dry powder reagent is conveyed into an ammonia-soda solution tank 4 and is fully and uniformly mixed with ammonia water, and a dilution water tank conveys dilution water into the ammonia-soda solution tank 4 through a dilution water conveying pump 7 for diluting the ammonia-soda solution;
the ammonia-soda solution is conveyed to an atomization injection system 13 through an ammonia-soda solution conveying pump 8; during which the ammonia-soda solution flows through an ammonia-soda solution flow valve 9 and an ammonia-soda solution filter 10 in sequence respectively for controlling the flow of the ammonia-soda solution and filtering undissolved solutionSolid Na of (2)2CO3Large particles;
the compressed air is supplied to an air inlet of an atomization injection system 13 by the compressed fan 11 to be used as an atomization medium, and the atomization effect of the ammonia-alkali solution in the flue gas is ensured by adjusting the pressure of the compressed air;
according to SO arranged in flue 163 Concentration detection device 15 and NOxConcentration detection device 14 monitors SO in flue gas3And NOxConcentration, regulation of Na2CO3Raw material reagent supply amount and dilution water amount.
The strong atomization principle of the ammonia-alkali solution of the invention is as follows:
ammonia alkali liquid drops are sprayed into a flue and then heated by flue gas flowing in, ammonia dissolved in the ammonia alkali liquid drops is continuously heated and evaporated, the surface layer of the ammonia alkali liquid drops is preferentially divided into a liquid drop annular belt consisting of a plurality of small liquid drops, the surface of the ammonia alkali liquid drops forms a micro explosion effect, the micro explosion effect gradually diffuses towards the inner layer along with the increase of the distance from a spraying point until the whole liquid drops are completely divided into the small liquid drops, the micro explosion effect enhances the atomization effect of the ammonia alkali solution, the distribution uniformity degree of the ammonia and an alkaline absorbent in the flue gas is improved, the time required by drying the absorbent is reduced, and SO are added3The removal rate can reach more than 95 percent, and SO in the flue gas3The concentration can be controlled below 5ppm, and the risk of blocking and dust deposition of the air preheater caused by ammonium bisulfate is greatly reduced. The spraying of the ammonia-soda solution enhances the atomization effect of ammonia-soda liquid drops, realizes cooperative desulfurization and denitration, effectively concentrates a pollutant removal control system, reduces the pollutant treatment cost, is easy to directly implement cooperative removal and reconstruction on the existing SCR denitration system, and has short reconstruction period and low cost.
In conclusion, the strong atomization synergistic nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxide removal system and method provided by the invention have the advantages that ammonia gas dissolved in ammonia-soda liquid drops is heated and evaporated, the ammonia gas continuously and rapidly escapes from the solution, a micro explosion effect is formed on the surfaces of the ammonia-soda liquid drops, large liquid drops are divided into a plurality of small liquid drops, the atomization effect of the ammonia-soda liquid is enhanced, the uniform mixing degree of the ammonia-soda liquid and flue gas is improved, and the SCR pair is improvedNOxThe removal efficiency is reduced, the denitration cost is saved, and the SO in the flue gas is greatly reduced3The concentration relieves the problem of corrosion and deposition of the air preheater caused by ammonium bisulfate, prolongs the service life of the SCR catalyst, reduces the downtime and the cleaning and maintenance cost of the air preheater and improves the boiler efficiency. The invention realizes the centralized control of the pollutant emission reduction system, reduces the pollutant treatment cost, can directly implement the collaborative removal transformation on the existing SCR denitration system, and has short transformation period and low cost.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The system for synergistically removing oxynitride and oxysulfide by strong atomization is characterized by comprising an ammonia water storage tank (1), wherein the ammonia water storage tank (1) is connected with an ammonia water input end of an ammonia alkali solution tank (4) through an ammonia water delivery pump (2); a feed inlet and a water inlet above the ammonia-soda solution tank (4) are respectively connected with Na2CO3The raw material tank (5) is connected with the dilution water tank (6), the mixed solution outlet of the ammonia-soda solution tank (4) is connected with the solution inlet of an atomization injection system (13) arranged in the flue (16) through an ammonia-soda solution delivery pump (8), and the air inlet of the atomization injection system (13) is connected with the compression fan (11) through an air filter (12).
2. A strong atomization synergistic oxynitride and oxysulfide system according to claim 1, characterized in that the ammonia storage tank (1) and the ammonia-soda solution tank (4) are arranged at the same height, and the ammonia flow valve (3) is arranged on the transfer pipe between the ammonia transfer pump (2) and the ammonia-soda solution tank (4).
3. A strong atomization system for the synergistic removal of nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the dilution water tank (6) is connected to the water inlet of the ammonia-soda solution tank (4) via a dilution water transfer pump (7).
4. A strong atomization synergistic nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxide removal system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the ammonia-soda solution tank (4) is provided with stirring means and heating means.
5. The system for the synergistic removal of nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides through strong atomization according to claim 1, wherein an ammonia-soda solution flow valve (9) and an ammonia-soda solution filter (10) are sequentially arranged on an ammonia-soda solution conveying pipeline between the ammonia-soda solution conveying pump (8) and the atomization injection system (13), and a thermal facility is laid outside the ammonia-soda solution conveying pipeline.
6. A strong atomization system for the synergistic removal of nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides as in claim 1 where SO is placed in the flue (16) in the direction of flue gas flow in sequence3Concentration detection device (15) and NOxA concentration detection device (14).
7. A strong atomization synergistic nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxide removal system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the atomization nozzle of the atomization injection system (13) comprises an ammonia-alkali solution channel (17), an atomization medium air channel (18) and an external thermal insulation material (19) from inside to outside in sequence, an ammonia-alkali solution is arranged in the ammonia-alkali solution channel (17), and compressed air is arranged in the atomization medium air channel (18).
8. The method for synergistically removing oxynitride and oxysulfide by strong atomization, which is characterized in that the system for synergistically removing oxynitride and oxysulfide by strong atomization as claimed in claim 1 comprises the following specific steps:
the ammonia water is conveyed to the ammonia alkali solution tank from the ammonia water storage tank by the ammonia water conveying pump; na is transported by adopting a pneumatic transportation mode2CO3Na in the raw material tank2CO3The raw material dry powder reagent is conveyed into an ammonia alkali solution tank to be fully and uniformly mixed with ammonia water, and a dilution water tank conveys the reagent through dilution waterDelivering the dilution water to an ammonia-soda solution tank by a pump for diluting the ammonia-soda solution; conveying the ammonia-soda solution to an atomization injection system through an ammonia-soda solution conveying pump; during the period, the flow passes through an ammonia-alkali solution flow valve and an ammonia-alkali solution filter in sequence to control the flow of the ammonia-alkali solution and filter undissolved large-particle Na2CO3Raw materials; the compressed air is supplied to an air inlet of the atomization injection system by the compressed fan to be used as an atomization medium, and the pressure of the compressed air is adjusted to ensure the atomization effect of the ammonia-soda solution in the flue gas; using SO arranged in flue3Concentration detection device and NOxConcentration detection device for monitoring SO in flue gas3And NOxConcentration control of Na2CO3Raw material reagent supply amount and dilution water amount.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the concentration of ammonia in the ammonia storage tank is 20% to 25%; the ammonia water with the concentration of 8 to 15 percent and the Na with the concentration of 20 percent are arranged in the ammonia-alkali solution tank2CO3Forming a mixed solution.
10. The method according to claim 8, wherein the pressure of the air supplied by the compression fan is 0.5 to 0.8 MPa.
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