WO2024011887A1

WO2024011887A1 - Carbon dioxide absorption system

Info

Publication number: WO2024011887A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/073640
Authority: WO
Inventors: 鄞铃; 郭东方; 王焕君; 李野; 刘练波
Original assignee: 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司
Priority date: 2022-07-14
Filing date: 2023-01-29
Publication date: 2024-01-18
Also published as: CN217613822U

Abstract

A carbon dioxide absorption system, comprising: a Venturi tower (10) comprising, in sequence from top to bottom, a contraction section (11), a throat section (12) and a diffusion section (13), the throat section (12) being provided with a Venturi tower packing layer (14); a cooling and dust removal spray system (40), which is used to spray a cooling and dust removal liquid to the Venturi tower packing layer (14); a carbon dioxide absorption tower (20), comprising an absorption tower body (21) and an absorption tower packing layer (23), the top part of the absorption tower body (21) being provided with an absorption tower exhaust pipe (24); a lean liquid spray system (50), which is used to spray a carbon dioxide absorption liquid to the absorption tower packing layer (23); and a communication box body (30), wherein the bottom part of the absorption tower body (21) and the diffusion section (13) communicate by means of the communication box body (30).

Description

A carbon dioxide absorption system

This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application with the application number 202221815675.8 and the invention name is "a carbon dioxide absorption system" submitted to the China Patent Office on July 14, 2022, the entire content of which is incorporated into this application by reference.

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection equipment, and in particular to a carbon dioxide absorption system.

Background technique

In addition to causing global warming, greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide also cause major impacts such as water flow on land and rising sea levels, threatening human survival and food supply. The flue gas emitted by coal-fired power plants contains a large amount of carbon dioxide gas. In the 2021 Global Carbon Dioxide Emissions Statistical Report, it was stated that coal burning as a source of carbon dioxide emissions accounts for 40% of the total increase in global emissions, of which carbon dioxide emissions from the power and heating industry The increase is more than 900 million tons, accounting for 46% of the global increase. The emissions and increase are huge. Therefore, capturing and utilizing carbon dioxide in the flue gas emitted by coal-fired power plants has become an urgent issue in the field of environmental protection.

CO2 capture, utilization and storage technology has been implemented in pilot and industrial projects in many coal-fired power plants in my country. The main capture methods used include physical adsorption, chemical absorption and membrane reactor methods, among which the scope of application The most common method is the carbon dioxide chemical absorption method based on phase change absorbent. This method uses a carbon dioxide absorption tower and a regeneration tower as the main equipment, and uses a phase change solvent as a spray liquid to directionally capture carbon dioxide gas in the flue gas. The absorption and collection efficiency can reach more than 99%.

However, before the flue gas enters the carbon dioxide absorption tower, a series of pre-treatments should be carried out on the flue gas, such as desulfurization, denitrification, dust removal and cooling, etc., to adjust the physical state of the flue gas and avoid problems caused by excessive temperature, large dust content, etc. Other waste gas impurities in the waste gas will pollute the carbon dioxide absorption liquid, thus affecting the carbon dioxide capture efficiency. However, in actual engineering applications, the pretreatment section often has many equipments, a large area, and a long transmission section, which leads to flue gas loss and leakage and increases energy consumption.

Therefore, how to reduce the floor space while simultaneously having the functions of cooling, dust removal and carbon dioxide capture is a technical problem that those skilled in the art currently need to solve.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a carbon dioxide absorption system that can reduce the floor space and simultaneously have the functions of cooling, dust removal, and carbon dioxide capture.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A carbon dioxide absorption system including:

The venturi tower, from high to low, includes a contraction section, a throat section and a diffusion section. The throat section is provided with a venturi tower packing layer, and the contraction section is used to receive the desulfurized flue gas introduced by the smoke induction system;

A cooling and dust removal spray system for spraying cooling and dust removal liquid above the venturi tower packing layer;

A carbon dioxide absorption tower includes an absorption tower body and an absorption tower packing layer arranged in the absorption tower body, and an absorption tower exhaust pipe is provided on the top of the absorption tower body;

A lean liquid spray system for spraying carbon dioxide absorption liquid above the packing layer of the absorption tower;

A connecting box through which the bottom of the absorption tower body and the diffusion section are connected.

Optionally, in the above carbon dioxide absorption system, the communication box includes a communication box body and a thermally conductive partition provided in the communication box body;

The thermally conductive partition separates the connecting box body into a pretreatment tank and a cold rich liquid tank. The pretreatment tank is used to receive the cooling and dust removal liquid dropped from the venturi tower, and the cold rich liquid tank is used to receive The carbon dioxide absorption liquid dropped from the carbon dioxide absorption tower;

A flue for connecting the bottom of the absorption tower body and the diffusion section is formed above the liquid level of the communication box body.

Optionally, in the above carbon dioxide absorption system, the thermally conductive partition is provided on the bottom wall of the communication box body, and has the flue for flue gas circulation between it and the top wall of the communication box body.

Optionally, in the above carbon dioxide absorption system, the side of the thermally conductive partition facing the pretreatment tank and/or the side facing the cold rich liquid tank is provided with heat exchange fins.

Optionally, in the above carbon dioxide absorption system, the cooling and dust removal spray system includes:

Cooling and dust removal spray pipe, the first end of the cooling and dust removal spray pipe is connected with a spray liquid nozzle, the spray liquid nozzle is arranged in the shrinkage section to spray above the venturi tower packing layer Leaching cooling dust removal liquid;

Venturi circulation pump, the outlet is connected to the second end of the cooling and dust removal spray pipe, the inlet is connected to the liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid inlet pipe is connected below the liquid level of the pretreatment tank.

Optionally, the above carbon dioxide absorption system also includes a liquid replenishing system for replenishing cooling and dust removal liquid into the pretreatment tank.

Optionally, the above carbon dioxide absorption system also includes:

A drainage system for discharging the cooling and dust removal liquid in the pretreatment tank;

A liquid level sensor is used to detect the liquid level in the pretreatment tank. When the liquid level is lower than the first preset liquid level, the liquid replenishment system is turned on; when the liquid level is higher than the second preset liquid level, the liquid replenishment system is turned on. The drainage system;

A temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the cooling and dust removal liquid in the pretreatment tank. When the temperature exceeds the preset temperature, the liquid drainage system is opened to discharge the cooling and dust removal liquid in the pretreatment tank, and the liquid replenishment system is opened. , to replenish the pretreatment tank with new cooling and dust removal liquid.

Optionally, in the above carbon dioxide absorption system, a check valve, a manual ball valve and a rotor flow meter are connected in series to the cooling and dust removal spray pipe, and an electric ball valve is connected in series to the liquid inlet pipe.

Optionally, in the above carbon dioxide absorption system, the venturi tower is connected to the top of the pretreatment tank through a flange.

Optionally, the above carbon dioxide absorption system further includes an absorption liquid transport unit connected to the cold rich liquid tank to transport the saturated carbon dioxide absorption liquid in the cold rich liquid tank to the absorbent regeneration unit.

Optionally, in the above carbon dioxide absorption system, the absorption liquid delivery unit includes an absorption liquid delivery pipeline and an absorption liquid delivery pump and a manual ball valve connected in series on the absorption liquid delivery pipeline, and the manual ball valve is located on the absorption liquid delivery pipe. between the liquid transfer pump and the cold rich liquid tank.

Optionally, in the above carbon dioxide absorption system, the venturi tower is located on one side of the carbon dioxide absorption tower, and a plurality of them are arranged side by side.

Optionally, in the above carbon dioxide absorption system, the smoke introduction system includes:

A venturi tower air inlet pipe is connected to the top of the contraction section of each venturi tower;

Smoke transmission pipeline, used to transport desulfurized flue gas;

An induced draft fan is connected in series to the smoke transmission pipe to introduce the smoke in the smoke transmission pipe into the venturi tower air inlet pipe.

Optionally, in the above carbon dioxide absorption system, one end of the venturi tower air inlet pipe is connected to the smoke delivery pipe, and the other end is blocked by a blind plate.

Optionally, in the above carbon dioxide absorption system, the absorption tower packing layer is a multi-layer spaced apart along the height direction of the absorption tower body, and a lean liquid spray system is used to provide water to the absorption tower at the top. Spray carbon dioxide absorbing liquid above the packing layer.

Optionally, in the above carbon dioxide absorption system, the absorption tower body is further provided with an absorption tower mist removal layer.

Optionally, in the above carbon dioxide absorption system, the lean liquid spray system includes:

A lean liquid spray pipe, the first end of the lean liquid spray pipe is connected with a lean liquid nozzle, the lean liquid nozzle is used to spray carbon dioxide absorption liquid above the packing layer of the absorption tower located at the top;

A lean liquid spray pump is connected in series to the lean liquid spray pipe to drive the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid in the lean liquid spray pipe to be sprayed out from the lean liquid nozzle.

Optionally, in the above carbon dioxide absorption system, a check valve and a manual ball valve are connected in series on the lean liquid spray pipe downstream of the lean liquid spray pump;

A manual ball valve is connected in series to the lean liquid spray pipe upstream of the lean liquid spray pump.

In the carbon dioxide absorption system provided by the present invention, the power plant flue gas enters the carbon dioxide absorption system after desulfurization pretreatment, that is, it enters the contraction section of the venturi tower. Since the venturi tower is composed of a contraction section, a throat section, and a diffusion section from top to bottom, The Venturi three-stage structure increases the flow rate of dust-containing high-temperature flue gas entering the Venturi tower. At the same time, a cooling and dust removal spray system is used to spray the cooling and dust removal liquid above the venturi tower packing layer from top to bottom. When the dusty high-temperature flue gas and the cooling and dust removal liquid flow through the venturi tower's packing layer, in the venturi tower, Under the action of the packing layer of the venturi tower, full contact reaction produces agglomeration, forming larger dust-containing high-temperature droplets and then falling back to the connecting box below the venturi tower. The cooled and dust-removed gas enters the carbon dioxide absorption tower from the connecting box and flows down from the venturi tower. The carbon dioxide absorption liquid sprayed by the lean liquid spray system is filled in the absorption tower. The material layer undergoes sufficient gas-liquid contact reaction and falls back to the connected box due to gravity. The captured decarbonized gas is discharged from the top of the absorption tower through the exhaust pipe of the absorption tower or enters the next step of processing and refining unit.

The present invention sets a Venturi tower packing layer in the throat section and sets the spray point of the cooling and dust removal spray system in the contraction section, which can make great use of the Venturi structure to control the flow rate of gas (dust-containing high-temperature flue gas). The relative flow rate of gas and liquid (dusty high-temperature flue gas and cooling dust removal liquid) reaches the maximum in the venturi tower packing layer, the liquid droplets are atomized under the high-speed air flow, the gas humidity reaches saturation, and fierce collisions and collisions occur between dust particles and liquid droplets. Condensation achieves the effect of efficient dust removal. At the same time, under the intense gas-liquid contact, the cooling dust removal liquid and the high-temperature flue gas fully exchange heat, forming steam to take away the heat and achieve the flue gas cooling effect. The invention uses the special structure of the Venturi tower to replace the cooling and dust removal devices (closed cooling towers, bag dust collectors and other devices) that occupy a large area, which can greatly save energy and water consumption in the dust removal and cooling section. Moreover, the venturi tower and the carbon dioxide absorption tower are connected through a connecting box, which greatly reduces the floor space and has the functions of cooling, dust removal and carbon dioxide capture.

Description of drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon dioxide absorption system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the venturi tower system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the connected box system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a carbon dioxide absorption tower disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a side view of the carbon dioxide absorption system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.

The meanings of the reference symbols in Figures 1 to 5 are as follows:

10 is the venturi tower, 20 is the carbon dioxide absorption tower, 30 is the connecting box, 40 is the cooling and dust removal spray system, 50 is the lean liquid spray system, 60 is the smoke induction system, 70 is the liquid replenishment system, and 80 is the drainage system. , 90 is the absorption liquid delivery unit;

11 is the contraction section, 12 is the throat section, 13 is the diffusion section, 14 is the venturi tower packing layer, 21 is the absorption tower body, 22 is the absorption tower mist layer, 23 is the absorption tower packing layer, 24 is the absorption tower exhaust Air duct, 31 is the connecting box body, 32 is the heat conductive partition, 41 is the cooling and dust removal spray pipe, 42 is the spray liquid nozzle, 43 is the rotor flow meter, 44 is the Venturi circulation pump, and 51 is the lean liquid spray pipe. , 52 is a lean liquid spray pump, 53 is a lean liquid nozzle, 61 is a smoke pipe, 62 is an induced draft fan, 63 is a venturi tower air inlet pipe, 71 is a liquid replenishment pipeline, 72 is a liquid replenishment valve, and 81 is a liquid drain Pipeline, 82 is the drain valve, 91 is the absorption liquid delivery pipeline, and 92 is the absorption liquid delivery pump.

Detailed ways

The core of the present invention is to provide a carbon dioxide absorption system that can reduce the floor space and simultaneously have the functions of cooling, dust removal and carbon dioxide capture.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a carbon dioxide absorption system including a venturi tower 10, a cooling and dust removal spray system 40, a carbon dioxide absorption tower 20, a lean liquid spray system 50 and a connecting box 30.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the Venturi tower 10 includes a constriction section 11 , a throat section 12 and a diffusion section 13 in order from high to low. The order from high to low refers to the positional relationship after the Venturi tower 10 is installed. The contraction section 11 means that the diameter of the contraction section 11 gradually decreases along the direction of smoke flow; the throat section 12 means that the diameter of the throat section 12 remains unchanged along the direction of smoke flow; the diffusion section 13 means that along the direction of smoke flow On the top, the diameter of the diffusion section 13 gradually becomes larger.

The Venturi Tower 10 is used to cool and remove dust from the flue gas after desulfurization pretreatment. The throat section 12 is provided with a venturi tower packing layer 14, and the contraction section 11 is used to receive the desulfurized flue gas introduced by the smoke induction system 60. Since the contraction section 11 is located at the uppermost part of the venturi tower 10, the flue gas flows along the venturi tower. 10 flows from top to bottom. In this embodiment, the venturi tower packing layer 14 can use SS304 Pall ring packing. It should be noted that the venturi tower packing layer 14 can also choose other packings, as long as the gas-liquid mixing can be ensured evenly.

The cooling and dust removal spray system 40 is used to spray the cooling and dust removal liquid above the venturi tower packing layer 14. The power plant flue gas enters the carbon dioxide absorption system after desulfurization pretreatment, and first enters the collection chamber of the venturi tower 10. In the constriction section 11, due to the Venturi three-stage structure of the Venturi tower 10 which consists of the constriction section 11, the throat section 12 and the diffusion section 13 from top to bottom, the flow rate of the dust-containing high-temperature flue gas entering the Venturi tower 10 increases. At the same time, the cooling and dust removal spray system 40 is used to spray the cooling and dust removal liquid above the venturi tower packing layer 14 from top to bottom. The dusty high-temperature flue gas and the cooling and dust removal liquid flow through the venturi tower packing layer 14 in the venturi tower 10 At this time, under the action of the venturi tower packing layer 14, the contact reaction is sufficient to cause agglomeration, forming larger dust-containing high-temperature droplets.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the carbon dioxide absorption tower 20 includes an absorption tower body 21 and an absorption tower packing layer 23 disposed in the absorption tower body 21 . An absorption tower exhaust pipe 24 is provided on the top of the absorption tower body 21 . In this embodiment, the absorption tower packing layer 23 can use SS304 Pall ring packing. It should be noted that other packings can be selected for the absorption tower packing layer 23 as long as the gas-liquid mixing can be ensured evenly.

The lean liquid spray system 50 is used to spray the carbon dioxide absorption liquid above the absorption tower packing layer 23. The gas cooled and dusted by the Venturi tower 10 enters the absorption tower body 21 of the carbon dioxide absorption tower 20, and interacts with the lean liquid from bottom to top. The carbon dioxide absorption liquid sprayed by the liquid spray system 50 undergoes sufficient gas-liquid contact reaction in the absorption tower packing layer 23, and the captured decarbonized gas is discharged from the top of the absorption tower body 21 through the absorption tower exhaust pipe 24 Or proceed to the next step to process the refining unit.

The bottom of the absorption tower body 21 and the diffusion section 13 are connected through the communication box 30 , so that the gas cooled and dusted by the Venturi tower 10 can enter the carbon dioxide absorption tower 20 through the communication box 30 . When the dust-containing high-temperature flue gas and the cooling dust-removing liquid flow through the Venturi tower packing layer 14 in the Venturi tower 10, under the action of the Venturi tower packing layer 14, they fully contact and react to form agglomeration, forming a larger dust-containing high-temperature liquid. Drops, the connecting box 30 can also receive the dust-containing high-temperature droplets that fall freely from the venturi tower 10. The gas after cooling and dust removal enters the carbon dioxide absorption tower 20 from the connecting box 30, and undergoes a full gas-liquid contact reaction with the carbon dioxide absorption liquid sprayed by the lean liquid spray system 50 from bottom to top in the absorption tower packing layer 23. With the gravity The effect falls back to the connecting box 30.

The present invention provides a Venturi tower packing layer 14 in the throat section 12, and sets the spray point of the cooling and dust removal spray system in the contraction section 11, which can make great use of the Venturi structure's effect on the flow rate of gas (dust-containing high-temperature flue gas). Control, the relative flow rate of gas and liquid (dusty high-temperature flue gas and cooling dust removal liquid) reaches the maximum in the venturi tower packing layer 14, the liquid droplets are atomized under the high-speed air flow, the gas humidity reaches saturation, and the gap between dust particles and liquid droplets Violent collision and condensation occur to achieve the effect of efficient dust removal. At the same time, under the intense gas-liquid contact, the cooling dust removal liquid and the high-temperature flue gas fully exchange heat, forming steam to take away the heat and achieve the flue gas cooling effect. The present invention uses the special structure of the Venturi tower 10 to replace cooling and dust removal devices (closed cooling towers, bag dust collectors and other devices) that occupy a large area, which can greatly save energy and water consumption in the dust removal and cooling section. And Venturi Tower 10 It is connected with the carbon dioxide absorption tower 20 through the connecting box 30, which greatly reduces the floor space and has the functions of cooling, dust removal and carbon dioxide capture.

As shown in FIG. 3 , in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the communication box 30 includes a communication box body 31 and a thermally conductive partition 32 disposed in the communication box body 31 . The thermally conductive partition 32 is a partition with thermal conductivity, so that both sides of the thermally conductive partition 32 can fully exchange heat. The thermally conductive partition 32 is disposed on the bottom wall of the communication box body 31 , and has a flue for flue gas to circulate between it and the top wall of the communication box body 31 .

Thermal conductive partition 32 separates the connecting box body 31 into a pretreatment tank and a cold rich liquid tank. The pretreatment tank is used to receive the cooling dust removal liquid dropped from the Venturi tower 10, and the cold rich liquid tank is used to receive the carbon dioxide dropped from the carbon dioxide absorption tower 20. Absorbent fluid. In this embodiment, the connecting box body 31 is divided into a pretreatment tank and a cold rich liquid tank by a thermally conductive partition 32, respectively receiving the liquid dropped from the Venturi tower 10 and the carbon dioxide absorption tower 20, so that the pretreatment tank and the cold rich liquid tank The liquids inside are not mixed so they can be recycled.

A flue is formed above the liquid level of the communication box body 31 for connecting the bottom of the absorption tower body 21 and the diffusion section 13. That is, it is necessary to ensure that there is a space between the liquid level of the communication box body 31 and the top wall of the communication box body 31. , so that the gas cooled and dusted by the Venturi tower 10 can enter the carbon dioxide absorption tower 20 .

In this embodiment, a thermal conductive partition 32 is provided in the communication box body 31 for conducting the cooling dust removal liquid in the pretreatment tank below the Venturi tower 10 and the cold rich liquid in the cold rich liquid tank below the carbon dioxide absorption tower 20 . Pre-heat exchange, the cold rich liquid is the liquid formed after the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid is saturated, which reduces the energy consumption of heating the cold rich liquid during subsequent regeneration of the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid. At the same time, the cooling and dust removal liquid in the pretreatment tank can be appropriately Cool down and reduce the frequency of replacement of the cooling and dust removal liquid. The cooling and dust removal liquid can be a medium such as water, as long as it can cool down and condense with dust.

In order to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the thermally conductive partition 32, in this embodiment, the thermally conductive partition 32 is provided with heat exchange fins on the side facing the pretreatment tank and/or on the side facing the cold rich liquid tank. In this embodiment, by arranging heat exchange fins on the thermally conductive partition 32, the heat exchange area of the thermally conductive partition 32 can be increased, thereby increasing the temperature of the cold rich liquid in the cold rich liquid tank and reducing the temperature in the pretreatment tank. Cool down the temperature of the dust removal fluid.

As shown in FIG. 2 , in this embodiment, the cooling and dust removal spray system 40 includes a cooling and dust removal spray pipe 41 , a Venturi circulation pump 44 and a spray liquid nozzle 42 .

Among them, the first end of the cooling and dust removal spray pipe 41 is connected with a spray liquid nozzle 42 , and the spray liquid nozzle 42 is provided in the contraction section 11 to spray the cooling and dust removal liquid above the Venturi tower packing layer 14 . The spray liquid nozzle 42 can choose an SS304 spiral nozzle, so that the cooling and dust removal liquid is sprayed in a spiral shape, which improves the atomization degree of the cooling and dust removal liquid and improves the mixing efficiency with high-temperature flue gas.

The outlet of the Venturi circulation pump 44 is connected to the second end of the cooling and dust removal spray pipe 41, the inlet of the Venturi circulation pump 44 is connected to the liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid inlet pipe is connected below the liquid level of the pretreatment tank. Under the power of the Venturi circulation pump 44, the cooling and dust removal liquid in the pretreatment tank is pumped out through the liquid inlet pipe, and sprayed from the spray liquid nozzle 42 to the Venturi tower packing layer 14 through the cooling and dust removal spray pipe 41.

Further, a check valve, a manual ball valve and a rotor flowmeter 43 can be connected in series to the cooling and dust removal spray pipe 41, and an electric ball valve can be connected in series to the liquid inlet pipe. The check valve makes the cooling and dust removal spray pipe 41 in a connected state in the direction from the second end to the first end, and in a blocked state in the direction from the first end to the second end. That is to say, the cooling and dust removal liquid can only flow in the direction of the spray liquid nozzle 42 from the Venturi circulation pump 44, which can prevent the cooling and dust removal liquid from flowing back into the pretreatment tank from the spray liquid nozzle 42.

The operator can manually cut off the passage of the cooling and dust removal spray pipe 41 through the manual ball valve to control the working status of the spray liquid nozzle 42. The rotameter 43 is used to detect the flow rate of the cooling and dust removal liquid in the cooling and dust removal spray pipe 41, so that the rotation speed of the Venturi circulation pump 44 can be controlled according to the flow rate, so that the flow rate ejected from the spray liquid nozzle 42 fluctuates within a certain range. , to avoid flow rates that are too low or too high. The electric ball valve can be automatically controlled and automatically opened according to the needs of the controller.

As shown in Figure 1, since the cooling and dust removal liquid exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas during spraying, it will form steam and be lost, so the cooling and dust removal liquid in the pretreatment tank needs to be replenished regularly. Based on this, embodiments of the present invention may also include a liquid replenishing system 70 for replenishing cooling and dust removal liquid into the pretreatment tank. The operator can replenish the cooling and dust-removing liquid into the pre-treatment tank through the liquid replenishing system 70 when needed according to the volume of the cooling and dust-removing liquid in the pre-treatment tank.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the fluid replacement system 70 may include a fluid replacement pipeline 71 and a fluid replacement valve 72 connected in series on the fluid replacement pipeline 71 . One end of the liquid replenishment pipeline 71 is connected to the pretreatment tank, specifically, it can be connected above the liquid level of the pretreatment tank, and the other end of the liquid replenishment pipeline 71 is connected to the water supply pipe. The fluid replenishment valve 72 can open or cut off the fluid replenishment pipeline 71. When the fluid replenishment valve 72 is opened, the cooling and dust removal liquid in the water supply pipe can enter the pretreatment tank through the fluid replenishment pipeline 71; when the fluid replenishment valve 72 is closed, the cooling and dust removal liquid in the water supply pipe can The liquid is cut off.

As shown in Figure 1, after the cooling dust removal liquid has exchanged heat with the high-temperature flue gas several times, there are many impurities in the cooling dust removal liquid and it needs to be replaced. Based on this, the carbon dioxide absorption system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention may also include a liquid drainage system 80 and a liquid level sensor.

The liquid drainage system 80 is used to discharge the cooling and dust removal liquid in the pretreatment tank. The operator can discharge the pretreatment liquid through the liquid drainage system 80 according to the volume of the cooling dust removal liquid in the pretreatment tank and the impurity content of the cooling and dust removal liquid. The cooling dust removal liquid in the tank is discharged.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the drainage system 80 may include a drainage pipeline 81 and a drainage valve 82 connected in series on the drainage pipeline 81 . One end of the drainage pipeline 81 is connected to the pretreatment tank, specifically the bottom of the pretreatment tank, and the other end of the drainage pipeline 81 is connected to the drainage pipe. The drain pipe 81 can be opened or cut off through the drain valve 82. When the drain valve 82 is opened, the cooling and dust removal liquid in the pretreatment tank can be drained into the drain pipe through the drain pipe 81, and finally drained through the drain pipe to Corresponding position; when the drain valve 82 is closed, the cooling and dust removal liquid in the pretreatment tank is cut off.

The liquid level sensor is used to detect the liquid level in the pretreatment tank. When the liquid level is lower than the first preset liquid level, the liquid replenishment system 70 is turned on; when the liquid level is higher than the second preset liquid level, the liquid drainage system 80 is turned on. , so that the cooling and dust removal liquid in the pretreatment tank is always between the first preset liquid level and the second preset liquid level.

The pretreatment tank can also be equipped with a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the cooling and dust removal liquid in the pretreatment tank. When the temperature exceeds the preset temperature, the drainage system 80 is opened to discharge the cooling and dust removal liquid in the pretreatment tank, and the fluid replenishment is opened. The system 70 replenishes the pretreatment tank with new cooling and dust removal liquid, thereby lowering the temperature of the cooling and dust removal liquid in the pretreatment tank.

Specifically, the venturi tower 10 can be connected to the top of the pretreatment tank through a flange to facilitate the assembly of the venturi tower 10 and the communication box 30 .

As shown in Figure 1, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the carbon dioxide absorption system may also include an absorption system connected to a cold rich liquid tank to transport the saturated carbon dioxide absorption liquid in the cold rich liquid tank to the absorbent regeneration unit. Liquid delivery unit 90. After repeated use, the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid in the cold rich liquid tank needs to be regenerated. The saturated carbon dioxide absorbing liquid in the cold rich liquid tank can be transported to the absorbent regeneration unit through the absorbing liquid transport unit 90 for regeneration. After regeneration, the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid in the cold rich liquid tank can be regenerated. for use.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the absorbent delivery unit 90 may include an absorbent delivery pipeline 91 and an absorbent delivery pump 92 and a manual ball valve connected in series to the absorbent delivery pipeline 91 . The manual ball valve is located between the absorbent delivery pump 92 and the cold rich between liquid tanks. The manual ball valve can be used to open or absorb the liquid delivery pipeline 91. When the manual ball valve is opened, the carbon dioxide absorption liquid in the cold rich liquid tank can be pumped into the absorbent through the absorption liquid delivery pipeline 91 under the action of the absorption liquid delivery pump 92. Regeneration unit; when the manual ball valve is closed, the absorption liquid delivery pipeline 91 is blocked.

As shown in Figure 5, in order to improve the cooling and dust removal efficiency, in this embodiment, the Venturi towers 10 are located on one side of the carbon dioxide absorption tower 20, and there are multiple Venturi towers 10 arranged side by side. Figure 5 shows three Venturi towers 10 scheme, it should be noted that the specific number of Venturi towers 10 can be set according to the processing capacity of flue gas.

As shown in Figure 2, further, the smoke introduction system 60 includes a Venturi tower air inlet pipe 63 and a smoke transmission pipe 61. and induced draft fan 62. Among them, the venturi tower air inlet pipe 63 is connected to the top of the contraction section 11 of each venturi tower 10, so that each venturi tower 10 is in a parallel state.

The smoke transmission pipe 61 is used to transport the desulfurized flue gas, and the induced draft fan 62 is connected in series with the smoke transmission pipe 61 to introduce the flue gas in the smoke transmission pipe 61 into the Venturi tower air inlet pipe 63 . The flue gas is sent to the Venturi tower air inlet pipe 63 through the smoke conveying pipe 61 through the action of the induced draft fan 62, and is sent to each Venturi tower 10 for processing in turn.

Further, one end of the venturi tower air inlet pipe 63 is connected to the smoke pipe 61, and the other end can be blocked by a blind plate to avoid delayed leakage. Both ends of the Venturi tower air inlet duct 63 can also be blocked, and the smoke delivery pipe 61 is connected to the area between the two ends of the Venturi tower air inlet duct 63 .

In this embodiment, the absorption tower packing layer 23 may be multiple layers spaced apart along the height direction of the absorption tower body 21 , and the lean liquid spray system 50 is used to spray above the absorption tower packing layer 23 located at the top. Carbon dioxide absorption liquid to improve carbon dioxide absorption efficiency. The absorption tower body 21 is also provided with an absorption tower demister layer 22 , and the absorption tower demist layer 22 is located above the absorption tower packing layer 23 . After the decarbonized gas is defogged by the absorption tower demister layer 22, it is discharged through the absorption tower exhaust pipe 24. The absorption tower demist layer 22 can be an SS304 baffle.

As shown in FIG. 4 , in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the lean liquid spray system 50 includes a lean liquid spray pipe 51 , a lean liquid nozzle 53 and a lean liquid spray pump 52 . The first end of the lean liquid spray pipe 51 is connected with a lean liquid nozzle 53 , and the lean liquid nozzle 53 is used to spray the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid above the packing layer 23 of the absorption tower located at the top. The lean liquid nozzle 53 can choose the SS304 spiral nozzle, so that the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid is sprayed in a spiral shape, which improves the atomization degree of the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid and improves the reaction efficiency with high-temperature flue gas.

The lean liquid spray pump 52 is connected in series to the lean liquid spray pipe 51 to drive the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid in the lean liquid spray pipe 51 to be sprayed out from the lean liquid nozzle 53 . Under the power of the lean liquid spray pump 52, the lean liquid spray pump 52 sprays the liquid to the absorption tower packing layer 23 through the lean liquid spray pipe 51.

Furthermore, a check valve and a manual ball valve are connected in series on the lean liquid spray pipe 51 downstream of the lean liquid spray pump 52 . A manual ball valve is connected in series to the lean liquid spray pipe 51 upstream of the lean liquid spray pump 52. The check valve makes the lean liquid spray pipe 51 in a connected state in the direction from the second end to the first end, and in a blocked state in the direction from the first end to the second end. That is to say, the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid can only flow in the direction of the lean liquid nozzle 53 from the lean liquid spray pump 52, thereby preventing the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid from flowing back. The operator can manually cut off the channels of the lean liquid spray pipe 51 upstream and downstream of the lean liquid spray pump 52 through the manual ball valve to control the working status of the lean liquid nozzle 53 .

It should be noted that each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. The same and similar parts among the various embodiments are explained. Just refer to each other.

As shown in this application and claims, words such as "a", "an", "an" and/or "the" do not specifically refer to the singular and may include the plural unless the context clearly indicates an exception. Generally speaking, the terms "comprising" and "comprising" only imply the inclusion of clearly identified steps and elements, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. The method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements. An element qualified by the statement "comprises a..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, good or device that includes the element.

Among them, in the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "/" means or, for example, A/B can mean A or B; "and/or" in this article is only a way to describe related objects. The association relationship means that there can be three relationships. For example, A and/or B can mean: A alone exists, A and B exist simultaneously, and B alone exists. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "plurality" refers to two or more than two.

Hereinafter, the terms “first” and “second” are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.

This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the core idea of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

A carbon dioxide absorption system is characterized by including:

The venturi tower (10), from high to low, includes a contraction section (11), a throat section (12) and a diffusion section (13). The throat section (12) is provided with a venturi tower packing layer (14), so The contraction section (11) is used to receive the desulfurized flue gas introduced by the smoke induction system (60);

The cooling and dust removal spray system (40) is used to spray the cooling and dust removal liquid above the venturi tower packing layer (14);

The carbon dioxide absorption tower (20) includes an absorption tower body (21) and an absorption tower packing layer (23) arranged in the absorption tower body (21). The top of the absorption tower body (21) is provided with Absorption tower exhaust duct (24);

A lean liquid spray system (50) for spraying carbon dioxide absorption liquid above the absorption tower packing layer (23);

A connecting box (30) through which the bottom of the absorption tower body (21) and the diffusion section (13) are connected.
The carbon dioxide absorption system according to claim 1, characterized in that the communication box (30) includes a communication box body (31) and a thermally conductive partition (32) arranged in the communication box body (31);

The thermally conductive partition (32) separates the communication box body (31) into a pretreatment tank and a cold rich liquid tank. The pretreatment tank is used to receive the cooling and dust removal liquid dropped from the Venturi tower (10). The cold rich liquid tank is used to receive the carbon dioxide absorption liquid dropped from the carbon dioxide absorption tower (20);

A flue is formed above the liquid level of the communication box body (31) for connecting the bottom of the absorption tower body (21) and the diffusion section (13).
The carbon dioxide absorption system according to claim 2, characterized in that the thermally conductive partition (32) is arranged on the bottom wall of the communication box body (31) and is in contact with the top wall of the communication box body (31). The flue for flue gas circulation is arranged between them.
The carbon dioxide absorption system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the side of the thermally conductive partition (32) facing the pretreatment tank and/or the side facing the cold rich liquid tank is provided with heat exchange fins. piece.
The carbon dioxide absorption system according to claim 2, characterized in that the cooling and dust removal spray system (40) includes:

Cooling and dust removal spray pipe (41), the first end of the cooling and dust removal spray pipe (41) is connected with a spray liquid nozzle (42), and the spray liquid nozzle (42) is arranged in the shrinkage section (11) ), to spray the cooling dust removal liquid above the venturi tower packing layer (14);

Venturi circulation pump (44), the outlet is connected to the second end of the cooling and dust removal spray pipe (41), the inlet is connected to the liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid inlet pipe is connected below the liquid level of the pretreatment tank .
The carbon dioxide absorption system according to claim 5, further comprising a liquid replenishing system (70) for replenishing cooling and dust removal liquid into the pretreatment tank.
The carbon dioxide absorption system according to claim 6, further comprising:

A drainage system (80) for discharging the cooling and dust removal liquid in the pretreatment tank;

A liquid level sensor is used to detect the liquid level in the pretreatment tank. When the liquid level is lower than the first preset liquid level, the liquid replenishment system (70) is turned on; when the liquid level is higher than the second preset liquid level When, open the drainage system (80);

A temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the cooling and dust removal liquid in the pretreatment tank. When the temperature exceeds the preset temperature, the drainage system (80) is opened to discharge the cooling and dust removal liquid in the pretreatment tank, and the The liquid replenishment system (70) is used to replenish the pretreatment tank with new cooling and dust removal liquid.
The carbon dioxide absorption system according to claim 5, characterized in that a check valve, a manual ball valve and a rotor flowmeter (43) are connected in series to the cooling and dust removal spray pipe (41), and a check valve, a manual ball valve and a rotor flow meter (43) are connected in series to the liquid inlet pipe. Electric valve.
The carbon dioxide absorption system according to claim 2, characterized in that the venturi tower (10) is connected to the top of the pretreatment tank through a flange.
The carbon dioxide absorption system according to claim 2, further comprising an absorber connected to the cold rich liquid tank to transport the saturated carbon dioxide absorption liquid in the cold rich liquid tank to the absorbent regeneration unit. Liquid delivery unit (90).
The carbon dioxide absorption system according to claim 10, characterized in that the absorption liquid delivery unit (90) includes an absorption liquid delivery pipeline (91) and an absorption liquid connected in series to the absorption liquid delivery pipeline (91). A transfer pump (92) and a manual ball valve. The manual ball valve is located between the absorption liquid transfer pump (92) and the cold rich liquid tank.
The carbon dioxide absorption system according to any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, The venturi tower (10) is located on one side of the carbon dioxide absorption tower (20), and there are multiple venturi towers (10) arranged side by side.
The carbon dioxide absorption system according to claim 12, characterized in that the smoke introduction system (60) includes:

The venturi tower air inlet pipe (63) is connected to the top of the contraction section (11) of each venturi tower (10);

Smoke transmission pipeline (61), used to transport desulfurized flue gas;

An induced draft fan (62) is connected in series to the smoke pipe (61) to introduce the smoke in the smoke pipe (61) into the venturi tower air inlet pipe (63).
The carbon dioxide absorption system according to claim 13, characterized in that one end of the venturi tower air inlet pipe (63) is connected to the smoke transport pipe (61), and the other end is blocked by a blind plate.
The carbon dioxide absorption system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the absorption tower packing layer (23) is a multi-layer spaced apart along the height direction of the absorption tower body (21), and The lean liquid spray system (50) is used to spray carbon dioxide absorption liquid above the packing layer (23) of the absorption tower located at the top.
The carbon dioxide absorption system according to claim 15, characterized in that an absorption tower demist layer (22) is also provided in the absorption tower body (21).
The carbon dioxide absorption system according to claim 15, characterized in that the lean liquid spray system (50) includes:

Lean liquid spray pipe (51). The first end of the lean liquid spray pipe (51) is connected with a lean liquid nozzle (53). The lean liquid nozzle (53) is used to provide water to the absorption tower located at the top. Spray carbon dioxide absorbing liquid above the packing layer (23);

A lean liquid spray pump (52) is connected in series to the lean liquid spray pipe (51) to drive the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid in the lean liquid spray pipe (51) to be sprayed out from the lean liquid nozzle (53) .
The carbon dioxide absorption system according to claim 17, characterized in that a check valve and a manual ball valve are connected in series on the lean liquid spray pipe (51) downstream of the lean liquid spray pump (52);

A manual ball valve is connected in series to the lean liquid spray pipe (51) upstream of the lean liquid spray pump (52).