CN113261560A - 一种含pds抑制剂的除草剂组合物及其应用 - Google Patents

一种含pds抑制剂的除草剂组合物及其应用 Download PDF

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CN113261560A
CN113261560A CN202110587781.9A CN202110587781A CN113261560A CN 113261560 A CN113261560 A CN 113261560A CN 202110587781 A CN202110587781 A CN 202110587781A CN 113261560 A CN113261560 A CN 113261560A
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pds inhibitor
weeds
sodium
inhibitor
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马明亮
阳鹏
王顺利
许仙波
郭世俭
赵东
谢勇军
张盼
黄明智
蔡国平
陈邦池
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Heli Technology Co ltd
MAX (RUDONG) CHEMICALS CO LTD
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MAX (RUDONG) CHEMICALS CO LTD
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种含PDS抑制剂的除草剂组合物及其应用，组合物包括有效成分PDS抑制剂如氟啶草酮、氟咯草酮、氟草敏、呋草酮中的一种或多种，溶剂和/或固体载体。组合物中还可以含有其它有效成分如二甲戊灵、扑草净、乙氧氟草醚、噁草酮、精异丙甲草胺、嘧硫草醚等中的一种或多种。本发明还提供了所述组合物在棉花、籽用西葫芦地杂草，特别是在龙葵、藜、马齿苋、反枝苋等恶性杂草防治上的应用。

Description

一种含PDS抑制剂的除草剂组合物及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及植保技术领域，具体涉及一种含PDS抑制剂的除草剂组合物及其应用。
背景技术
龙葵(Solanum nigrum L.)俗称黑豆子，又名苦葵、野落苏、老鸹眼、狗奶子、野葡萄、天宝豆，属茄科一年生草本植物，是农田常见杂草，主要危害玉米、花生、豆类、烟草、瓜类、蔬菜、薯类、棉花等农作物。
藜(Chenopodium album L.)别名灰条菜、灰菜，属藜科一年生草本植物，是世界恶性杂草，主要危害麦类、棉花、豆类、薯类、蔬菜、花生、玉米和果树等。
马齿苋(Portulaca oleracea L.)别名马菜、马子菜、猪长草、马齿菜，属马齿苋科一年生肉质草本。马齿苋适应能力非常强，耐旱亦耐涝，生命力强，是世界恶性杂草，混生于各种作物中，主要危害棉花、豆类、薯类、花生、甜菜、蔬菜等。
反枝苋(Amaranthus retroflexus L.)俗称西风谷、野苋菜，属苋科一年生草本，耐旱，适应性极强，为农田、菜园、果园、荒地等常见杂草，主要危害棉花、花生、玉米、豆类、薯类、瓜类、蔬菜和果树等。
棉花在植物分类学上属于锦葵科的棉属，是喜光作物，适宜在较充足的光照条件下生长，是世界上最主要的经济作物之一。影响棉花产量和质量的因素诸多。除病虫害因素外，草害也是一个重要因素。杂草在棉花生长过程中的主要危害在于与棉花争水、肥料、光照和空间，同时也是病菌害虫的中间寄主。棉田中已知的杂草有几十种，其中龙葵、藜、马齿苋、反枝苋等恶性杂草造成的危害越来越严重。
籽用西葫芦是一种以收籽粒为主的葫芦科作物，耐旱怕涝，喜光，适宜生长在光照较多的地区，其籽粒含有丰富的营养价值，备受国内外广大消费者的追捧。在国际市场上的销量不断攀升，展现出广阔的发展前景，成为今年来新兴起的经济作物之一。由于其种植区的地理环境和播种方式与棉花大致相同，其田间恶性杂草如龙葵、灰藜、马齿苋、反枝苋等也较多，严重影响了籽用西葫芦的产量。
目前，用于棉花田常用的除草剂主要有氟乐灵、二甲戊灵、草甘膦、精异丙甲草胺，这些除草剂对杂草特别是恶性杂草龙葵的防效均不理想，而且对棉花有一定的药害风险。籽用西葫芦地用的除草剂主要是仲丁灵，该除草剂虽然对藜、马齿苋、反枝苋有一定的防效，但是对恶性杂草龙葵的防效较差。
针对现有技术不足的难题，本发明通过室内筛选和田间药效试验，惊奇地发现八氢番茄红素脱氢酶(PDS，Phytoene Desaturase)抑制剂如氟啶草酮、氟咯草酮、氟草敏、呋草酮等对龙葵、藜、马齿苋、反枝苋等有非常好的防效，对其它阔叶杂草、禾本科杂草及莎草科杂草也有较好防效，而且对棉花和籽用西葫芦都非常安全。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供一种除草效果极好的含PDS抑制剂的除草剂组合物，以及该除草剂组合物在防治棉花田和籽用西葫芦地中恶性杂草中的应用。
本发明技术方案如下:
一种含PDS抑制剂的除草剂的组合物，所述的组合物包括有效成分A、溶剂和/或固体载体，其中有效成分A是PDS抑制剂，杂草是龙葵、藜、马齿苋、反枝苋等。
其中，所述的PDS抑制剂是氟啶草酮、氟咯草酮、氟草敏、吡氟酰草胺、氟吡酰草胺、氟丁酰草胺、哒草伏、苯草酮、呋草酮，以及它们在农业上可接受的盐中的一种或多种。优选是氟啶草酮、氟咯草酮、氟草敏、呋草酮以及它们在农业上可接受的盐中的一种或多种。
在上述组合物中还可以加入有效成分B，如二甲戊灵、扑草净、乙氧氟草醚、噁草酮、异丙甲草胺、精异丙甲草胺、嘧硫草醚等中的一种或多种。有效成分B的加入，可以增加组合物的杀草谱。
组合物中有效成分A的含量按重量计是1％-80％，有效成分B的含量按重量计是0.1％-89％，有效成分A和B的总含量按重量计是5％-90％。
溶剂包括水、芳烃化合物(如溶剂油)、石蜡(如石油馏分)、醇类(如卡必醇、四氢糠醇)、酮类(如异氟尔酮)、酰胺类(如喹酰胺)、酯类(如脂肪酸甲酯)、杂环类(如N-丁基吡咯烷酮，NBP)等。
固体载体有天然矿物质(如高岭土、滑石粉、膨润土、硅藻土)、植物源载体(如玉米淀粉)、合成类载体(如白炭黑)、无机盐类(如硫酸铵、硫酸镁、硫酸钠)等。
所述的组合物可配制成乳油、水乳剂、微乳剂、悬浮剂、可溶性液剂、可湿性粉剂、颗粒剂、粉剂或水分散粒剂等剂型。
根据需要还可以在组合物中加入表面活性剂如乳化剂、润湿剂、分散剂、增稠剂、消泡剂、抗冻剂、染料、防腐剂等。
表面活性剂可以是离子型或非离子型的乳化剂、润湿剂或分散剂。例如烷基苯磺酸钙、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、芳烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、烷基硫酸钠、烷基苯磺酸钠、烷基萘磺酸盐、木质素磺酸钠/钙、聚羧酸盐类等。
增稠剂可以是天然聚合物如黄原胶、阿拉伯胶、羧甲基纤维素钠，或者合成的如聚乙烯醇、硅酸镁铝等。
消泡剂可以是有机硅油类、脂肪醇类、脂肪酸类等。
抗冻剂可以是多元醇(如乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇)、尿素、氯化钙等。
防腐剂可以是1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮(BIT)、5-氯-2甲基-4-异噻唑啉-3酮(CIT)、2-甲基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮(MIT)等。
本发明所述的组合物主要用于棉花和籽用西葫芦地中杂草的防治。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果体现在：一、杀草谱广，能高效防除龙葵、藜、马齿苋、反枝苋等恶性杂草，对其它阔叶杂草、禾本科杂草和莎草的防效也较好；二、对作物如棉花、籽用西葫芦安全。
具体实施方式
下面的实例进一步举例说明了本发明的一些特征，但本发明不局限于此。所有实施例中的含量均为重量百分比含量。
制剂实施例1 42％氟啶草酮悬浮剂
Figure BDA0003088009230000041
Figure BDA0003088009230000051
按上述配方称取氟啶草酮原药、水、分散剂、增稠剂、防腐剂，高速搅拌分散均匀，然后经砂磨机粉碎至平均粒径3微米以下即得42％氟啶草酮悬浮剂。
制剂实施例2 80％氟草敏水分散粒剂
Figure BDA0003088009230000052
按配方称取氟草敏原药、分散剂、润湿剂和高岭土，混合均匀后经气流粉碎机粉碎至平均粒径5微米以下，然后加入10％的水捏合成软材，再经造粒、干燥和筛分即得80％氟草敏水分散粒剂。
制剂实施例3 8％氟啶草酮·氟草敏颗粒
氟啶草酮 2％
氟草敏 6％
蒙脱土 补足100％
按上述配方称取氟啶草酮原药、氟草敏原药、蒙脱土，混合均匀，然后经机械粉碎系统粉碎至100目以下，加水捏合，造粒并干燥即得8％氟啶草酮·氟草敏颗粒剂。
制剂实施例4 40％氟咯草酮乳油
Figure BDA0003088009230000053
按配方称取氟咯草酮原药、乳化剂和溶剂油1500#，搅拌溶解至均一透明即得40％氟咯草酮乳油。
制剂实施例5 30％氟啶草酮·氟咯草酮悬浮剂
Figure BDA0003088009230000061
按配方称取氟啶草酮原药、SOPROPHOR 3D 33、Atlox 4913、硅酸镁铝、黄原胶、BIT和水，经过高速搅拌、砂磨至平均粒径2微米以下得到水悬浮液A，按配方称取氟咯草酮原药、农乳500#、农乳600#和溶剂油1500#，搅拌均匀后得到乳油B，然后在高速搅拌下降水悬浮液A慢慢加入乳油B中，再经高速剪切即得30％氟啶草酮·氟咯草酮悬浮剂。
制剂实施例6 50％呋草酮水分散粒剂
Figure BDA0003088009230000062
按上述配方称取呋草酮原药、分散剂、高岭土，混合均匀，然后经机械粉碎系统粉碎至325目以下，加水捏合，造粒并干燥即得50％呋草酮水分散粒剂。
制剂实施例7 70％氟啶草酮·氟草敏·呋草酮水分散粒剂
Figure BDA0003088009230000071
按上述配方称取氟啶草酮原药、氟草敏原药、呋草酮原药你、助剂、高岭土，混合均匀，然后经机械粉碎系统粉碎至100目以下，加水捏合，造粒并干燥即得70％氟啶草酮·氟草敏·呋草酮水分散粒剂。
制剂实施例8 30％氟啶草酮·乙氧氟草醚乳油
Figure BDA0003088009230000072
按配方称取氟啶草酮原药、乙氧氟草醚原药、乳化剂、NMP和溶剂油1500#，搅拌溶解至均一透明即得30％氟啶草酮·乙氧氟草醚乳油。
制剂实施例9 20％氟啶草酮·精异丙甲草胺微乳剂
Figure BDA0003088009230000073
Figure BDA0003088009230000081
按配方称取氟啶草酮原药、精异丙甲草胺原药、乳化剂、NMP和THF，搅拌溶解至均一透明，然后搅拌下加入水，搅拌至均一透明即得20％氟啶草酮·精异丙甲草胺微乳剂。
制剂实施例10 75％氟啶草酮·扑草净可湿性粉剂
Figure BDA0003088009230000082
按上述配方称取氟啶草酮原药、扑草净原药、分散剂和高岭土，混合均匀，然后经气流粉碎系统粉碎至平均粒径5微米以下即得75％氟啶草酮·扑草净可湿性粉剂。
制剂实施例11 25％氟啶草酮·嘧硫草醚水分散粒剂
Figure BDA0003088009230000083
按配方称取氟啶草酮原药、嘧硫草醚、分散剂、润湿剂和高岭土，混合均匀后经气流粉碎机粉碎至平均粒径5微米以下，然后加入10％的水捏合成软材，再经造粒、干燥和筛分即得25％氟啶草酮·嘧硫草醚水分散粒剂。
制剂实施例12 90％氟草敏·噁草酮水分散粒剂
Figure BDA0003088009230000091
按配方称取氟草敏原药、噁草酮原药、分散剂、润湿剂和高岭土，混合均匀后经气流粉碎机粉碎至平均粒径5微米以下，然后加入10％的水捏合成软材，再经造粒、干燥和筛分即得90％氟草敏·噁草酮水分散粒剂。
制剂实施例13 36％氟啶草酮·呋草酮·二甲戊灵悬乳剂
Figure BDA0003088009230000092
按配方称取氟啶草酮原药、呋草酮原药、YUS-SC3、Ethylan ns-500lq、硅酸镁铝、黄原胶、BIT和水，经过高速搅拌、砂磨至平均粒径2微米以下得到水悬浮液A，按配方称取二甲戊灵原药、农乳500#、农乳600#和溶剂油1500#，搅拌均匀后得到乳油B，然后在高速搅拌下降水悬浮液A慢慢加入乳油B中，再经高速剪切即得36％氟啶草酮·呋草酮·二甲戊灵悬乳剂。
药效实施例：
利用实施例1-13制备的除草剂组合物，在棉花田进行了防除杂草实验，并观察棉花的损伤情况，以清水进行对比试验，调查结果如下：
Figure BDA0003088009230000101
将实施例1-13制备的除草剂组合物用于籽用西葫芦地，杂草防效类似，且籽用西葫芦生长情况正常。
以上结果表明，本发明所述的防治农田杂草的组合物可以有效防治龙葵、藜、反枝苋、马齿苋等恶性杂草，对其它阔叶杂草、禾本科杂草和莎草科杂草也有一定的防效，且组合物对农作物如棉花、籽用西葫芦的安全性较好。
以上详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式，但是，本发明并不限于上述实施方式的具体细节，在本发明的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种含PDS抑制剂的除草剂组合物，其特征在于，所述的组合物包括有效成分A、溶剂和/或固体载体制成，其中有效成分A是PDS抑制剂，杂草是龙葵、藜、马齿苋、反枝苋；
所述的PDS抑制剂是氟啶草酮、氟咯草酮氟草敏、呋草酮以及它们在农业上可接受的盐中的一种或多种，有效成分A的含量按重量计是1％-80％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的含PDS抑制剂的除草剂组合物，其特征在于，所述的溶剂为水、芳烃化合物、石蜡、醇类、酮类、酰胺类、酯类和杂环类中的一种或多种；所述固体载体选自天然矿物质、植物源载体、合成类载体、无机盐类中的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的含PDS抑制剂的除草剂组合物，其特征在于，所述的溶剂为水、溶剂油、石蜡、卡必醇、四氢糠醇、异氟尔酮、喹酰胺、脂肪酸酯和NBP中的一种或多种；所述的固体载体为高岭土、滑石粉、膨润土、硅藻土、玉米淀粉、白炭黑、硫酸铵、硫酸镁和硫酸钠中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的组合物，其特征在于，该组合物还含有表面活性剂、增稠剂、消泡剂、抗冻剂、防腐剂和染料中的一种或多种。
5.根据权利要求4所述的含PDS抑制剂的除草剂组合物，其特征在于，所述表面活性剂为脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、蓖麻油聚氧乙烯醚、烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、芳烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚、烷基硫酸钠、烷基苯磺酸钙、烷基苯磺酸钠、烷基萘磺酸盐、木质素磺酸钠/钙和聚羧酸盐类中的一种或多种；所述增稠剂为黄原胶、阿拉伯胶、羧甲基纤维素钠、聚乙烯醇、硅酸镁铝和白炭黑中的一种或多种；所述消泡剂为有机硅油类、脂肪醇类和脂肪酸类中的一种或多种；所述抗冻剂为乙二醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、尿素和氯化钙中的一种或多种；所述防腐剂为BIT、CIT和MIT中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的含PDS抑制剂的除草剂组合物，其特征在于，所述的组合物由按质量分数计的如下组分制成：氟啶草酮10％、氟草敏30％、呋草酮30％、K12 3％、UFOXANENA 5％、GEROPON T-36 4％，高岭土补足100％。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的组合物的应用,其特征在于将组合物应用于防治棉花和籽用西葫芦地杂草。
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