CN113257544A - Core type permanent magnetic transformer - Google Patents
Core type permanent magnetic transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN113257544A CN113257544A CN202110538082.5A CN202110538082A CN113257544A CN 113257544 A CN113257544 A CN 113257544A CN 202110538082 A CN202110538082 A CN 202110538082A CN 113257544 A CN113257544 A CN 113257544A
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
- H01F27/245—Magnetic cores made from sheets, e.g. grain-oriented
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
- H01F27/26—Fastening parts of the core together; Fastening or mounting the core on casing or support
- H01F27/263—Fastening parts of the core together
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/30—Fastening or clamping coils, windings, or parts thereof together; Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing, or other support
- H01F27/306—Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing or other support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a core type permanent magnetic transformer, which comprises an iron core and a plurality of permanent magnets; the iron core both sides homopolar symmetry overlap joint has at least one permanent magnet, and separate the cover is equipped with input coil and output coil on the iron core, has connect the load on the output end circuit that the output coil is constituteed, and the parallelly connected electric capacity that has on the load, wherein, the iron core is formed by cold rolling non-oriented silicon steel sheet stack dress, and the cross section of iron core is the rectangle, and silicon steel sheet thickness delta is 0.2mm ~ 0.5 mm. The same pole magnetizing method is adopted, and on the premise of achieving the same effect, no additional permanent magnetic circuit and no electronic component for controlling the electromagnetic flux direction are provided. The total length of the magnetic circuit is reduced, the magnetic resistance is reduced, the iron loss is reduced, the efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced. Meanwhile, detection data show that the core type permanent magnet transformer saves electricity by 30-40% compared with the conventional core type transformer. The symmetrical common magnetic circuit is arranged, so that the asymmetrical adverse factors are eliminated, the using amount of the coil is reduced, and the copper loss, the process complexity coefficient and the cost are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power engineering, relates to transformers, and particularly relates to a core type permanent magnet transformer.
Background
The transformer is an electromagnetic conversion device based on electromagnetic induction and mutual inductance phenomena, and is a 'static' electrical appliance without moving parts compared with a motor. Since the 1885 years of transformer inventiveness, one hundred years ago, transformers have gone through continuous updates in design and continuous improvements in technology in a sense and development of core structures, from primary to advanced, and from single to multiple functions. For example, power transformers, control transformers, isolation transformers, rectifier transformers, single-phase and three-phase transformers with different numbers of phases, special transformers, etc. may be used for different applications.
Energy saving is one of the basic guidelines of the existing electromechanical products, and compared with a general motor, the permanent magnet motor has the power saving rate of 20-30%, and compared with a transformer, in the 'static' electric appliance, a permanent magnet is combined with the transformer, so that the number of permanent magnet transformers for improving the power saving rate is small by using the principle of the superposition effect of permanent magnet energy and electromagnetic energy. But has a rapid development recently, and at present, new technology of the permanent magnetic transformer with three columns, four columns and five columns with different structures is continuously provided in China, so that the foundation of the new technology is filled powerfully, the development of the new technology is promoted, and the permanent magnetic transformer with the three, four and five column structure has the main characteristics that: the energy-saving efficiency of the transformer is respectively improved by utilizing the superposition effect of the permanent magnet and the electromagnetism in different structures and control modes. But now of new technical products, certain disadvantages inevitably exist: 1. in principle, firstly, when the electromagnetic flux in the main magnetic circuit in the shape of Chinese character 'ri' or 'mu' runs in the opposite direction, one of the opposite poles S or N of the permanent magnet in the additional permanent magnetic circuit generates interaction between the opposite poles S or N, and part of the magnetic flux can be counteracted.
Secondly, the pole face magnetic strength Br of the permanent magnet in the additional permanent magnet magnetic circuit is equal to or greater than the electromagnetic flux, the pole face of the additional permanent magnet can generate retardation, and the factor influences the improvement of the efficiency.
2. In the aspect of structure, because a static magnetic flux loop is established in a non-electrified state, two additional permanent magnetic circuit components are additionally arranged on two sides of a frame of a main magnetic circuit in a shape of Chinese character 'ri' or 'mu', so that the length of the additional permanent magnetic circuit is increased, the total magnetic resistance of magnetic and electric superposition is increased, the iron loss is increased, combined parts of the permanent magnetic circuit are increased, the efficiency is improved, the cost is reduced due to the influence of the above factors, and the structure is low in efficiency and high in cost.
3. In the aspect of control, in the control and setting of the magnetic flux direction of the transformer, some electronic components are adopted, more coils are used, generally three to four coils reach seven, the maximum number of the three coils is up to seven, certain process technology difficulty and copper loss are increased, meanwhile, the efficiency of permanent magnet and electromagnetic superposition is reduced, and the cost is increased, so that a new principle should be explored at present, an old structure is improved, the power saving rate is improved, the structure is simplified, and a new product is simple and practical.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a core type permanent magnet transformer, which overcomes the defects of the permanent magnet transformer in the prior art, improves the power saving rate, simplifies the structure and reduces the cost.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a core type permanent magnetic transformer comprises an iron core, a plurality of permanent magnets, an input coil and an output coil; the permanent magnet synchronous motor is characterized in that at least one permanent magnet is symmetrically lapped on the two sides of the iron core in the same polarity mode, an input coil and an output coil are separately sleeved on the iron core, a load is connected to an output end circuit formed by the output coil, a capacitor is connected above the load in parallel, the iron core is formed by stacking cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel sheets, the cross section of the iron core is rectangular, and the thickness delta of each silicon steel sheet is 0.2-0.5 mm.
The iron core is a square iron core, the outer side surface of a first upright post of the square iron core is lapped with a permanent magnet, the outer side surface of a second upright post is lapped with the permanent magnet, an input coil is sleeved on a third upright post, an output coil is sleeved on a fourth upright post, a capacitor is connected in parallel in an output end circuit formed by the output coils, a load is connected in the output end circuit, and after the components are assembled, a magnetic bridge magnetic circuit is formed.
The square iron core is an iron core frame body of a closed magnetic circuit consisting of a left stand column, a right stand column, an upper yoke and a lower yoke, wherein the outer side surfaces of the left stand column and the right stand column are respectively lapped with a left permanent magnet and a right permanent magnet with the same polarity, the upper yoke is sleeved with an input coil, the lower yoke is sleeved with a lower output coil, an output end circuit consisting of the lower output coil is connected with a first output end capacitor in parallel, and the output end circuit is connected with a first load.
The upper input line is sleeved at the middle part of an upper yoke of the square iron core, the lower output line is sleeved at the middle part of a lower yoke of the square iron core and used as an excited upper input coil and an induced lower output coil, and the directions of magnetic fluxes generated after the upper input coil and the lower output coil are electrified are the same in a closed magnetic circuit.
The left permanent magnet outside still install and prevent the outer left cover that expands of magnetism monopole space magnetic field, the right permanent magnet outside still installs and prevents the outer right cover that expands of magnetism monopole space magnetic field, the height h of left cover and right cover will be less than the magnetism central line between permanent magnet N.S two poles, its thickness delta is 0.3 ~ 1.0 mm.
The left permanent magnet and the right permanent magnet are at least one, or 2, 4 or n overlapped.
The iron core be "day" font iron core of formula of crouching, define "day" font iron core left and right sides as upper yoke and lower yoke, upper-middle-lower position defines left post, center pillar and right post, the outside of upper yoke and lower yoke is lapped respectively has homopolar upper yoke permanent magnet and lower yoke permanent magnet, at left post suit left input coil, at right post suit right input coil, at center pillar suit middle output coil, parallelly connected second output end electric capacity in the output end circuit that middle output coil constitutes, connect the second load in the output end circuit.
The horizontal inverted B-shaped iron core takes the middle column as the center, the two sides are respectively extended, the left column and the right column are symmetrical with the middle column, two upper yoke permanent magnets and two lower yoke permanent magnets with the same polarity are respectively lapped outside the frames of the upper yoke and the lower yoke of the B-shaped iron core, the upper yoke permanent magnets and the lower yoke permanent magnets are attached to the outer surfaces of the upper yoke and the lower yoke through magnetic single poles N or S, and the magnetic single pole surfaces N or S of the upper yoke permanent magnets and the lower yoke permanent magnets magnetize the iron core in the frame.
The upper yoke permanent magnet is provided with an upper cover for preventing the space magnetic field of the two magnetic monopoles from influencing the outside, the lower yoke permanent magnet is provided with a lower cover for preventing the space magnetic field of the two magnetic monopoles from influencing the outside, the height h of the upper cover and the lower cover is less than the magnetic center line between the N and S poles of the permanent magnet, and the thickness delta is 0.3-1.0 mm.
The permanent magnet is made of strontium ferrite, neodymium iron boron or rare earth cobalt with good coercive force performance, and the binding surface of the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet is required to be smooth.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the core type permanent magnetic transformer has the magnetic and electric superposition working principle of a magnetic bridge, and the electromagnetic flux direction and the control of a magnetic circuit are simpler than those of the prior art.
2. On the premise of achieving the same effect, no additional permanent magnetic circuit and no electronic component for controlling the electromagnetic flux direction are provided. The total length of the magnetic circuit is reduced, the magnetic resistance is reduced, the iron loss is reduced, the efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced.
3. The coil consumption is reduced, and the copper loss, the complex coefficient of the process and the cost are reduced.
4. The detection data shows that the core type permanent magnetic transformer saves electricity by 30-40% compared with the conventional core type transformer.
5. The core type permanent magnetic transformer is provided with a basic symmetrical common magnetic circuit, so that the distortion problem of the waveform is avoided, and the asymmetrical adverse factors are eliminated.
6, the classification from structural principles: the magnetoelectric superposition method of the static magnetic circuit in the prior art is called heteropolar magnetization method for short, and the magnetoelectric superposition method of the unipolar magnetization region in the invention is called homopolar magnetization method for short.
The comprehensive core type permanent magnet changer has the main characteristics and effects of simple and reasonable structure, energy conservation and cost reduction and practicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the homopolar N.N of a magnetic bridge symbol of a core permanent magnet transformer;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of homopolar S.S of a magnetic bridge symbol of a core permanent magnet transformer;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a core-type permanent magnet transformer in a square-shaped configuration;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a core type permanent magnet transformer in a shape of Chinese character kou 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a core type permanent magnet transformer in a square shape 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a core type permanent magnet transformer in a structure of a shape like a Chinese character 'ri';
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a core type permanent magnet transformer in a shape of Chinese character 'ri';
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a core type permanent magnetic transformer in a shape like a Chinese character ri 2.
In the figure, the thin dotted lines between all permanent magnets N and S are indicated as "magnetic center lines", where Br is the remanence, and the symbol: the hollow arrow is electromagnetic and the solid arrow is permanent magnetic.
Wherein, 1 is "square" iron core, 2 is left permanent magnet, 3 is right permanent magnet, 4 is left cover, 5 is right cover, 6 is upper input coil, 7 is lower output coil, 8 is first output end electric capacity, 9 is first load, 10 is upper yoke permanent magnet, 11 is "square" iron core, 12 is lower yoke permanent magnet, 13 is left input coil, 14 is right input coil, 15 is middle output coil, 16 is second output end electric capacity, 17 is second load, 18 is upper cover, 19 is lower cover.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, a core type permanent magnet transformer includes an iron core, a plurality of permanent magnets, an input coil, and an output coil; the permanent magnet synchronous motor is characterized in that at least one permanent magnet is symmetrically lapped on the two sides of the iron core in the same polarity mode, an input coil and an output coil are separately sleeved on the iron core, a load is connected to an output end circuit formed by the output coil, a capacitor is connected above the load in parallel, the iron core is formed by stacking cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel sheets, the cross section of the iron core is rectangular, and the thickness delta of each silicon steel sheet is 0.2-0.5 mm.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the iron core is a square iron core 1, a permanent magnet is lapped on the outer side surface of a first upright post of the square iron core 1, a permanent magnet is lapped on the outer side surface of a second upright post, an input coil is sleeved on a third upright post, an output coil is sleeved on a fourth upright post, a capacitor is connected in parallel in an output end circuit formed by the output coils, a load is connected in the output end circuit, and after the components are assembled, a magnetic bridge magnetic circuit is formed.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the "square" iron core 1 is an iron core frame body of a closed magnetic circuit, which is composed of a left column, a right column, an upper yoke and a lower yoke, the outer side surfaces of the left column and the right column are respectively lapped with a left permanent magnet 2 and a right permanent magnet 3 with the same polarity, the upper yoke is sleeved with an upper input coil 6, the lower yoke is sleeved with a lower output coil 7, an output end circuit composed of the lower output coil is connected with a first output end capacitor 8 in parallel, and the output end circuit is connected with a first load 9.
The upper input coil 6 is sleeved at the middle part of an upper yoke of the square iron core, the lower output coil 7 is sleeved at the middle part of a lower yoke of the square iron core, and the upper input coil 6 and the lower output coil 7 are used as excitation, and the directions of magnetic fluxes generated after the excitation and the lower output coil 7 are electrified are the same in the closed magnetic circuit.
The outer side of the left permanent magnet 2 is also provided with a left cover 4 for preventing the magnetic monopole space magnetic field from expanding outwards, the outer side of the right permanent magnet is also provided with a right cover 5 for preventing the magnetic monopole space magnetic field from expanding outwards, the height h of the left cover 4 and the right cover 5 is less than the magnetic central line between the N and S poles of the permanent magnet, and the thickness delta is 0.3-1.0 mm.
The left permanent magnet and the right permanent magnet can be overlapped by 2, 4 or n.
The iron core is a horizontal inverted 'B' -shaped iron core 11, the left side and the right side of the 'B' -shaped iron core 11 are defined as an upper yoke and a lower yoke, the upper, middle and lower positions are defined as a left column, a middle column and a right column, the outer sides of the upper yoke and the lower yoke are respectively lapped with an upper yoke permanent magnet 10 and a lower yoke permanent magnet 12 which have the same polarity, a left input coil 13 is sleeved on the left column, a right input coil 14 is sleeved on the right column, a middle output coil 15 is sleeved on the middle column, a second output end capacitor 16 is connected in parallel in an output end circuit formed by the middle output coil, and a second load 17 is connected in the output end circuit.
The horizontal inverted B-shaped iron core takes a central column as the center, the central column is respectively extended to two sides, a left column and a right column are symmetrical with the central column, two upper yoke permanent magnets 10 and two lower yoke permanent magnets 12 with the same polarity are respectively lapped outside frames of an upper yoke and a lower yoke of the B-shaped iron core, the upper yoke permanent magnets 10 and the lower yoke permanent magnets 12 are attached to the outer surfaces of the frames of the upper yoke and the lower yoke through magnetic single poles N or S, and the magnetic single pole faces N or S of the upper yoke permanent magnets 10 and the lower yoke permanent magnets 12 magnetize the iron core in the frames.
An upper cover 18 for preventing the space magnetic fields of the two magnetic monopoles from influencing the outside is arranged outside the upper yoke permanent magnet 10, a lower cover 19 for preventing the space magnetic fields of the two magnetic monopoles from influencing the outside is arranged outside the lower yoke permanent magnet 12, the height h of the upper cover 18 and the lower cover 19 is smaller than the magnetic center line between the N and S poles of the permanent magnet, and the thickness delta is 0.3-1.0 mm.
The permanent magnet is made of strontium ferrite, neodymium iron boron or rare earth cobalt with good coercive force performance, and the binding surface of the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet is required to be smooth.
Further, specifically, referring to fig. 1 to 5, a core-type permanent magnetic transformer is configured by taking a square iron core 1 as a basic framework, overlapping a left permanent magnet 2 on the outer side surface of a left column of the square iron core 1, overlapping a right permanent magnet 3 on the outer side surface of a right column of the square iron core 1, sleeving an input coil 6 on an upper yoke of the square iron core, sleeving a lower output coil 7 on a lower yoke of the square iron core, connecting a first output end capacitor 8 in parallel in an output end circuit formed by the lower output coil, and then connecting a first load 9, and after the above elements are assembled, forming a simple magnetic bridge magnetic circuit.
Furthermore, the square iron core is formed by stacking cold-rolled non-oriented electrical silicon steel sheets, the cross section of the square iron core is rectangular, the outer sides of the left upright post and the right upright post are respectively overlapped with the N pole of the left permanent magnet 2 and the N pole of the right permanent magnet 3, so that the N-N magnetic single-pole potential accumulation state is formed on the outer sides of the left upright post and the right upright post, then the inner parts of silicon steel sheets on the inner sides of the binding surfaces are magnetized, and meanwhile, two magnetic single-pole magnetized regions are formed in the silicon steel sheets on the left upright post and the right upright post; the left permanent magnet and the right permanent magnet can be overlapped by 2, 4 or N, and the magnetic acting forces of the N pole and the S pole are the same, so that the S and S effects of the selected same poles are the same.
An upper input coil 6 is sleeved at the middle part of an upper yoke of the square iron core, a lower output coil 7 is sleeved at the middle part of a lower yoke of the square iron core and used as an excited upper input coil 6 and an induced lower output coil 7, and the directions of magnetic fluxes generated after the excitation and the induction are the same in a closed magnetic circuit.
A first output end capacitor 8 is connected in parallel in the output end circuit; the total magnetic flux is increased through the superposition of electromagnetism and permanent magnet in the closed loop of the square iron core, when the magnetic flux enters the upper input coil 6 and the lower output coil 7, the magnetic flux is converted into stronger electric energy through magnetoelectricity, and one part of the electric energy is charged into a capacitor in a current mode to be stored, and is released in the next half period to be supplied to a load.
A left cover 4 is arranged outside the left permanent magnet 2, and a right cover is arranged outside the right permanent magnet; preventing the magnetic field of the S.S magnetic monopole space from expanding outwards; the left cover and the right cover are made of low-carbon steel sheets and are made of 3-6 layers.
Referring to fig. 6 to 8, a core type permanent magnet transformer, an inverted horizontal type "r" shaped iron core 11 is a main body, an upper yoke permanent magnet 10 and a lower yoke permanent magnet 12 are respectively lapped outside an upper yoke and a lower yoke, a left input coil 13 is sleeved on a left column, a right input coil 14 is sleeved on a right column, a middle output coil 15 is sleeved on a middle column, a second output end capacitor 16 is connected in parallel in an output end circuit formed by the middle output coil, then a load 17 is connected, an upper cover 18 is installed outside the upper yoke permanent magnet, and a lower cover 19 is installed outside the lower yoke permanent magnet.
The iron core takes the center post as the center, and is respectively spread to two sides, the left post and the right post are symmetrical with the center post, the material of the iron core is formed by stacking cold-rolled non-oriented electrical silicon steel sheets, the cross section of the iron core is rectangular, and the structure of the seam is direct or oblique joint.
The two upper yoke permanent magnets 10 and the two lower yoke permanent magnets 12 are respectively overlapped outside the frames of the upper yoke and the lower yoke of the iron core in the shape of the Chinese character 'ri', the upper yoke permanent magnets 10 and the lower yoke permanent magnets 12 are attached to the outer surfaces of the upper yoke and the lower yoke by magnetic single poles N, the magnetic single pole surfaces N of the upper yoke permanent magnets 10 and the lower yoke permanent magnets 12 magnetize silicon steel sheets in the frames, and meanwhile, magnetic single pole N magnetization regions are generated inside the silicon steel sheets.
The left column of the iron core body in the shape of the Chinese character 'ri' is sleeved with a left input coil 13, the right column is sleeved with a right input coil 14, and the two coils are arranged in such a way that after being electrified, the polarities of electromagnetic fluxes of the two coils are the same, namely N.N, but the directions of the electromagnetic fluxes are opposite; then, an output coil 15 is sleeved on the center pillar, and a capacitor 16 is connected in parallel in an output end circuit and stores or releases a part of current increased after the magnetic electricity is superposed in the transformer.
An upper cover 18 is arranged outside an upper yoke permanent magnet 10 mounted on an upper yoke, a lower cover 19 is arranged outside a lower yoke permanent magnet 12 mounted on a lower yoke, the influence of the space magnetic fields of four S-end magnetic monopoles on the outside is prevented, and the cover is made of 3-6 layers of low-carbon steel sheet.
Further specifically, referring to fig. 3, a core-type permanent magnet transformer includes a "square" iron core 1, a left permanent magnet 2, a right permanent magnet 3, a left cover 4, a right cover 5, an upper input coil 6, a lower output coil 7, a first output capacitor 8, and a first load 9.
The core type permanent magnet transformer takes a square iron core as a basic structure, an iron core frame body of a closed magnetic circuit is formed by a left upright post, a right upright post, an upper yoke and a lower yoke, a left permanent magnet is lapped on the outer side surface of the left upright post frame body, and a left cover is installed on the outer side of the left permanent magnet. The outer side surface of the right column frame is lapped with a right permanent magnet, a right cover is arranged on the outer side of the right permanent magnet, an input coil 6 is arranged in the middle of an upper yoke, a lower output coil 7 is arranged in the middle of a lower yoke, a first output end capacitor 8 is connected in parallel in an output end circuit, and then a first load 9 is connected.
It should be noted that the left column is simply referred to as a left column, and the right column is simply referred to as a right column.
The square iron core 1 is formed by silicon steel sheets in a superposed mode, is a unique common magnetic circuit formed by superposing permanent magnets and electromagnetism, is a simplest closed magnetic circuit, and is a basic support of the whole structure of the transformer, so that the precision of the joint surface between the outer side of the double-column and the permanent magnet is ensured, and the magnetic leakage is reduced.
The magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 2 and 3 overlapped at the outer sides of the two sides of the double columns of the core type permanent magnet transformer are required to be pasted into the same polarity, such as N.N or S.S.A theoretical result and an actual measurement result prove that the magnetic acting force of the two kinds of magnetism of N and S on the square iron core is equivalent, the effect is the same when any one polarity is selected as shown in figure 2, and the configuration number of the permanent magnets can be 2, 4 or N.
The invention generates a magnetic single pole magnetization region formed by single pole magnetization of the permanent magnet in the iron core side of the binding surface of the permanent magnet and the left and right double columns, wherein the magnetic single pole is a magnetic single pole whole body formed by only one pole of the permanent magnet but not a magnetic single pole in the aspect of manual technology. It is important that the method enables the formation of the magnetic unipolar magnetization region to be completed by utilizing the conventional permanent magnet combination, which is a key element for improving the structural principle of the magnetic unipolar magnetization region.
The left permanent magnet 2 and the right permanent magnet 3 are made of materials with high coercive force, including strontium ferrite, neodymium iron boron and aluminum nickel cobalt.
The left cover 4 and the right cover 5 are made of ordinary low-carbon steel sheet, the thickness delta is 0.3 mm-1.0 mm, and the height h of the covers is smaller than the magnetic center line between the N and S poles of the permanent magnet.
The core of the square iron core is made of cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel sheets, and the thickness delta is 0.2 mm-0.5 mm. The shape is "UI" or "L". The structure of the lap seam is a "straight seam" or a "diagonal seam". The cross section of the stacked iron chip is rectangular.
The first output end capacitor 8 is connected in parallel in the output end circuit, and the capacitor is used for storing and releasing the electric energy increased after the magnetic electricity is superposed. The structural principle of the above parts after installation is shown in figure symbol schematic diagram 1, the core type permanent magnetic transformer essentially forms a magnetic bridge device, the working principle and structure of the unidirectional full-wave bridge rectifier circuit are often applied to the circuit and are called as 'bridge' for short, the core type permanent magnetic transformer also forms the working principle and structure of the full-wave bridge type magnetoelectric superposition magnetic circuit, the relationship between the two parts is similar, and the difference is as follows: the bridge rectifier circuit converts alternating current into direct current, and the magnetic circuit with the bridge type magnetoelectricity superposition releases permanent magnetic energy and converts the permanent magnetic energy into electric energy.
Therefore, the magnetic bridge is simply called as a magnetic bridge, and the magnetic single pole pair of the permanent magnet N.N is shown in figure 1. Fig. 2 shows the permanent magnets S · S in pairs. Optionally, one of N or S magnetic monopole is selected, and the magnetic action is equivalent.
It should be noted that the superposition effect of permanent magnetic energy and electric energy is referred to as "magnetic-electric superposition" for short.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the core-type permanent magnet transformer is assembled by a square iron core, a left permanent magnet, a right permanent magnet, a left cover, a right cover, an upper input coil, a lower output coil, a first output capacitor and a first load, and a basic structural schematic diagram thereof is shown in fig. 3.
Wherein, the material of the square iron core 1 is cold-rolled non-oriented electrical silicon steel sheet. The thickness is generally δ 0.35mm, and the types thereof are "UI type" and L type ". Lap seams are constructed in the form of "straight seams" and "bias seams". The cross section of the stacked closed magnetic circuit in the shape of a Chinese character 'kou' is rectangular. The left and right outer side surfaces of the double columns are joint surfaces of the permanent magnets, and are required to be smooth and have no rough edges. All the above must meet the technical requirements, strive to reduce the magnetic flux leakage of the magnetic circuit as much as possible.
Wherein, left permanent magnet 2 and right permanent magnet 3 overlap joint respectively on the binding face in the double-column iron core frame outside, and it is very important: the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets on both sides are required to be jointed with the same magnetic pole, namely N.N or S.S. The heteropolar N.S state cannot be achieved. The magnetic domain magnetizing area generated by a magnetic monopole is formed in the laminated silicon steel sheet on the side, close to the iron core, of the binding surface, and the purpose of the surface mounting is to form magnetic monopole magnetizing areas on two sides of a double column of the core type permanent magnet transformer.
The permanent magnet is made of strontium ferrite Y35H, neodymium iron boron N48H and rare earth cobalt permanent magnet XG192/96, and the permanent magnet generally needs to be of a type with higher coercive force, so that the service life of the permanent magnet is prolonged. The magnetic pole binding surface of the rectangular permanent magnet is required to be flat and free of defects, and the magnetic flux leakage is low after the rectangular permanent magnet is assembled.
The insulating varnish of the coil enameled wire has high temperature resistance, and is wound into a coil according to requirements, wherein the wound upper input coil 6 is arranged in the middle of an upper yoke of an iron core, and the wound lower output coil 7 is arranged in the middle of a lower yoke of the iron core.
In order to reasonably and fully convert the magnetic flux enhanced after the magnetic electricity passing through the magnetic bridge formed by the core type permanent magnetic transformer is superposed into the enhanced current, the first output end capacitor 8 is connected in parallel in the output end circuit to promote the storage and release of the electric energy, and the electric energy is more effectively supplied to the first load 9. Wherein, the left cover 4 is arranged on the left S pole surface outside the left permanent magnet body, and the right cover 5 is arranged on the S pole surface outside the right permanent magnet body, thereby shielding the influence of the S magnetic monopole on the outside and greatly reducing the space magnetic field intensity. The left and right covers are made of general low-carbon steel sheet, and need 3-6 layers, and the thickness delta is 0.3-1.0 mm.
After the components are assembled according to requirements, a structure of a magnetic bridge working principle different from that of the prior art is formed, so that additional permanent magnetic circuits and electronic components for controlling the direction of electromagnetic flux are omitted, the electromagnetic superposition conversion efficiency is improved, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
The operation principle of the core type permanent magnet transformer will be further described below, and refer to the schematic operation principle of the core type permanent magnet transformer in fig. 4.
The core type permanent magnetic transformer is characterized in that a simple magnetic bridge closed loop is formed by a square iron core 1, a left permanent magnet 2, a right permanent magnet 3, a left cover 4, a right cover 5, an upper input coil 6, a lower output coil 7, a first output end capacitor 8 and a first load 9. Under the condition of no electrification, the left outer side of the double columns of the iron core is attached with a left permanent magnet 2, the right outer side of the double columns of the iron core is attached with a right permanent magnet 3, the polarities of the two permanent magnets are required to be the same as N.N, and the polarities of the permanent magnets are attached to the outer side surfaces of the double columns, and the permanent magnets are labeled according to the polarities in fig. 4. After the lamination, a static magnetic monopole magnetized area of the N magnetization of the magnetic monopole is immediately generated in the silicon steel sheet on one side close to the iron core, the magnetization direction of the static magnetic monopole magnetized area is from outside to inside from the frame of the double column, the magnetization intensity of the static magnetic monopole is from strong to weak, and in the state, the static magnetic monopole magnetized area is close to the frame area in the double column, and meanwhile, an upper and lower long and narrow magnetic monopole weak magnetized area is formed. As shown in the figure, when the input coil is electrified, the left side of the magnetic pole direction of the input coil is S, the right side of the magnetic pole direction of the input coil is N, the converted electromagnetic cathartic moves towards the clockwise direction, when the N-type electromagnetic magnetic force line meets the N-type permanent magnetic force line in the magnetic single pole magnetization area of the right column, because the two same-type N.N magnetic force lines are not intersected, and because the sectional area of the iron core is not changed, the two same-type magnetic force lines are gathered at the position, the density of the magnetic force lines is increased, thereby promoting the generation of the superposition effect of the permanent magnetic force and the electromagnetic force, the increased magnetic force after the superposition of the magnetic force, simultaneously, the dynamic strong magnetic force is used for opening a magnetic circuit channel which is communicated from top to bottom in the magnetic single pole weak magnetization area of the right column, so that the increased magnetic superposition of the magnetic force passes out of the right column, passes through a lower yoke, enters a lower output coil 7, and outputs current to a first output end capacitor 8 and a first load 9 through the electromagnetic induction conversion, then the magnetic flux goes out of the lower yoke and enters the lower part of the left column, and the magnetic flux N-shaped magnetic line meets the magnetic line of force of the magnetic single-pole magnetized area of the left column, and the same is true: at this time, the superposition of the permanent magnetic force and the electromagnetic force of the right column is the same, when the electromagnetic force line in the left column is superposed with the permanent magnetic force line, a channel from bottom to top is opened in the weak magnetization region, the enhanced electromagnetic superposition magnetism passes out of the left column, enters the left end of the upper yoke and enters the upper input coil 6, and the first half cycle of the clockwise working cycle of the core type permanent magnetic transformer is completed. When the current input direction in the next half cycle is changed, referring to fig. 5, the core type permanent magnetic transformer has the magnetoelectric superposition magnetism to relax the bowels to move in the counterclockwise direction, and under the same condition, the magnetoelectric superposition magnetic flux moves in the counterclockwise direction in the same manner, when the working cycle of the next half cycle is completed, the cycle of the whole cycle is ended, namely the cycle of the next cycle is started, and in the process, the permanent magnetic energy is continuously released and utilized, so that the power saving rate of the core type permanent magnetic transformer is improved.
The voltage adjusting method of the core type permanent magnet transformer comprises the following steps:
(1) and adjusting the turn ratio of the input coil and the output coil. (2) And setting a required tap at the output end coil.
Example two:
the present embodiment is characterized in that the basic principle of the magnetoelectric superposition effect of the magnetic unipolar magnetization region of the embodiment is applied to the core type permanent magnet transformer structure of the inverted horizontal iron core shaped like a Chinese character ri, as shown in fig. 6, the improvement is made to meet the requirements of different conditions required by work, and the core type permanent magnet transformer is a derivative type of single-phase three-column core type permanent magnet transformer.
The core type permanent magnet transformer consists of an upper yoke permanent magnet 10, a 'B' -shaped iron core 11, an upper yoke permanent magnet 10 and a lower yoke permanent magnet 12 which are respectively lapped on an upper yoke and a lower yoke, a left input coil 13 sleeved on a left column, a right input coil 14 sleeved on a right column, a middle output coil 15 sleeved on a middle column, a second output end capacitor 16, a second load 17, an upper cover 18 and a lower cover 19 which are sleeved on the outer sides of the upper yoke permanent magnet 10 and the lower yoke permanent magnet 12.
The iron core is a non-oriented electrical cold-rolled silicon steel sheet, the type of the silicon steel sheet is EI or F, the structural form of the joint is straight joint or inclined joint, and the thickness of the silicon steel sheet is 0.35. The section of the silicon steel sheet after being stacked into the iron core is rectangular.
The two upper yoke permanent magnets 10 and the two lower yoke permanent magnets 12 are respectively arranged on the outer side surfaces of the upper yoke and the lower yoke frame of the 'ri' shaped iron core in a lap joint mode, and the four permanent magnets are attached to the upper yoke and the lower yoke frame through N pole surfaces, so that a magnetic single-pole magnetized area magnetized by the magnetic single-pole bodies is generated inside the silicon steel sheet close to the iron core side, and the range of the magnetic single-pole magnetized area extends to the upper yoke and the lower yoke. The permanent magnet is made of strontium ferrite, neodymium iron boron and rare earth cobalt permanent magnet, and can be selected according to the requirement, but the coercive force performance is good.
The left input coil 13 is sleeved in the middle of a left column of the iron core in a shape of a Chinese character ri, the right input coil 14 is sleeved in the middle of a right column, the two coils are connected in parallel in an input end circuit, and electromagnetic fluxes with opposite directions generated in the left column and the right column respectively move oppositely to each other and enter a middle column downwards after passing through a magnetic monopole magnetization area; the middle output coil 15 is fitted around the middle of the center pillar.
The output circuit is connected in parallel with a second output capacitor 16, which is used for storing the current increased after the release of the magnetic electricity is superimposed. And then to a second load 17. Wherein, an upper cover 18 and a lower cover 19 are arranged outside the upper yoke permanent magnet 10 and the lower yoke permanent magnet 12 overlapped by the upper yoke and the lower yoke, and the space magnetic field formed by the shielding magnetic monopole S generates sound outwards. The structure of the cover is 3-6 layers, and the material is ordinary low-carbon steel sheet.
The working principle of the core type three-column permanent magnet transformer is shown in fig. 7:
the same principle as the core type permanent magnet transformer of the first embodiment, two upper yoke permanent magnets 10 and two lower yoke permanent magnets 12 are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the iron cores of the upper yoke and the lower yoke of the core type three-column permanent magnet transformer, and the polarities of the magnetic domain of the magnetic monopole generated by the magnetic force of the magnetic monopole N are both N-shaped.
When the input end is electrified, the electromagnetism above the left input coil 13 and the right input coil 14 is N.N pole, the two electromagnetic fluxes are respectively out of the left column and the right column and enter the magnetic single pole magnetization areas at the two sides of the upper yoke, because the moving electromagnetic force line and the static permanent magnetic force line are N and repel each other, the magnetic force line density is increased because the iron core section is not increased, simultaneously, the N.N magnetic repulsion force of the left and the right two electromagnetic superposition increases the magnetic potential, two passages in opposite directions are opened in the weak area of single pole magnetization, after the enhanced electromagnetic superposition magnetic flux is converged in the middle of the upper yoke, the direction is changed to be downward because the N.N electromagnetic superposition magnetic repulsion force of the same polarity is rotated, the magnetic superposition magnetic flux is out of the magnetic circuit in the middle output coil 15 of the upper yoke, the electromagnetic conversion is carried out, the current is output to the second output end capacitor 16 and the second load 17, then the magnetic flux passes through the middle column and enters the magnetic single pole magnetization area in the middle of the lower yoke, in the same way as the mechanism of the upper yoke, the electromagnetic force lines N meeting each other are superposed with the permanent magnetic force lines N, the enhanced magnetic flux respectively opens the passages on the left side and the right side in the single-pole weak magnetization region of the lower yoke, goes out of the lower yoke, enters the lower parts of the left column and the right column, and upwards enters the magnetic circuits in the left input coil 13 and the right input coil 14 to perform magnetoelectric conversion, at this time, the first half cycle of the working cycle is completed, and the working of the next half cycle is started, referring to fig. 8, the input current is reversed, the magnetic flux superposed by the magnetoelectric force correspondingly runs in the reverse direction, until the working cycle of the next half cycle is completed, the whole cycle is completed, and the next cycle of continuous working is started, and in this process, the permanent magnetic energy is continuously released, and the power saving rate of the core type permanent magnetic transformer is improved.
The core type permanent magnetic transformer provided by the invention overcomes the defects of the permanent magnetic transformer in the prior art, improves the power saving rate, simplifies the structure and reduces the cost.
Simultaneously, the method also has the following technical effects:
1. the core type permanent magnetic transformer has the magnetic and electric superposition working principle of a magnetic bridge, and the electromagnetic flux direction and the control of a magnetic circuit are simpler than those of the prior art.
2. On the premise of achieving the same effect, no additional permanent magnetic circuit and no electronic component for controlling the electromagnetic flux direction are provided. The total length of the magnetic circuit is reduced, the magnetic resistance is reduced, the iron loss is reduced, the efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced.
3. The coil consumption is reduced, and the copper loss, the complex coefficient of the process and the cost are reduced.
4. The power saving efficiency is as follows: the detection data show that the core type permanent magnet transformer saves electricity by 30-40% compared with the conventional core type transformer.
5. The core type permanent magnetic transformer is provided with a basic symmetrical common magnetic circuit, so that the distortion problem of the waveform is avoided, and the asymmetrical adverse factors are eliminated.
6, the classification from structural principles: the magnetoelectric superposition method of the static magnetic circuit in the prior art is called heteropolar magnetization method for short, and the magnetoelectric superposition method of the unipolar magnetization region in the invention is called homopolar magnetization method for short.
The comprehensive core type permanent magnet changer has the main characteristics and effects of simple and reasonable structure, energy conservation and cost reduction and practicability.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A core type permanent magnetic transformer is characterized by comprising an iron core, a plurality of permanent magnets, an input coil and an output coil; the permanent magnet synchronous motor is characterized in that at least one permanent magnet is symmetrically lapped on the two sides of the iron core in the same polarity mode, an input coil and an output coil are separately sleeved on the iron core, a load is connected to an output end circuit formed by the output coil, a capacitor is connected above the load in parallel, the iron core is formed by stacking cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel sheets, the cross section of the iron core is rectangular, and the thickness delta of each silicon steel sheet is 0.2-0.5 mm.
2. The core type permanent magnetic transformer according to claim 1, wherein the iron core is a square iron core (1), the outer side surface of a first upright post of the square iron core (1) is lapped with a permanent magnet, the outer side surface of a second upright post is lapped with a permanent magnet, a third upright post is sheathed with an input coil, a fourth upright post is sheathed with an output coil, an output circuit formed by the output coils is connected with a capacitor in parallel, the output circuit is connected with a load, and after the components are assembled, a magnetic bridge magnetic circuit is formed.
3. The core type permanent magnetic transformer according to claim 2, wherein the "square" iron core (1) is an iron core frame body of a closed magnetic circuit consisting of a left column, a right column, an upper yoke and a lower yoke, the outer side surfaces of the left column and the right column are respectively lapped with a left permanent magnet (2) and a right permanent magnet (3) with the same polarity, the upper yoke is sheathed with an upper input coil (6), the lower yoke is sheathed with a lower output coil (7), an output end circuit consisting of the lower output coils is connected with a first output end capacitor (8) in parallel, and the output end circuit is connected with a first load (9).
4. A core type permanent magnetic transformer according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper input coil (6) is sleeved on the middle part of the upper yoke of the square iron core, the lower output coil (7) is sleeved on the middle part of the lower yoke of the square iron core, and the directions of the magnetic fluxes generated after the upper input coil (6) as the excitation and the lower output coil (7) as the induction are the same in the closed magnetic circuit.
5. The core type permanent magnet transformer according to claim 2, wherein a left cover (4) for preventing the magnetic monopole space magnetic field from expanding outwards is further mounted on the outer side of the left permanent magnet (2), a right cover (5) for preventing the magnetic monopole space magnetic field from expanding outwards is further mounted on the outer side of the right permanent magnet, the height h of the left cover (4) and the right cover (5) is smaller than the magnetic center line between the N and S poles of the permanent magnet, and the thickness δ is 0.3-1.0 mm.
6. The core-type permanent magnet transformer according to claim 3, wherein at least one of said left and right permanent magnets is provided.
7. The core type permanent magnetic transformer according to claim 1, wherein the core is an inverted "ri" core (11), the left and right sides of the "ri" core (11) are defined as an upper yoke and a lower yoke, the upper, middle and lower positions are defined as a left column, a middle column and a right column, the outer sides of the upper yoke and the lower yoke are respectively connected with an upper yoke permanent magnet (10) and a lower yoke permanent magnet (12) with the same polarity, the left column is sleeved with a left input coil (13), the right column is sleeved with a right input coil (14), the middle column is sleeved with a middle output coil (15), and an output end circuit formed by the middle output coil is connected with a second output end capacitor (16) in parallel, and the output end circuit is connected with a second load (17).
8. The core type permanent magnet transformer according to claim 7, wherein the horizontal inverted "r" shaped iron core is extended to both sides with a central column as a center, the left column and the right column are symmetrical to each other, two upper yoke permanent magnets (10) and two lower yoke permanent magnets (12) having the same polarity are respectively overlapped outside the upper yoke and the lower yoke of the "r" shaped iron core, and the upper yoke permanent magnets (10) and the lower yoke permanent magnets (12) are both attached to the outer surfaces of the upper yoke and the lower yoke with a single magnetic pole N or S, and the single magnetic pole N or S of the upper yoke permanent magnets (10) and the lower yoke permanent magnets (12) magnetize the iron core in the frame.
9. The core type permanent magnet transformer according to claim 7, wherein an upper cover (18) for preventing the space magnetic field of the two magnetic monopoles from affecting the outside is installed outside the upper yoke permanent magnet (10), a lower cover (19) for preventing the space magnetic field of the two magnetic monopoles from affecting the outside is installed outside the lower yoke permanent magnet (12), the height h of the upper cover (18) and the lower cover (19) is smaller than the magnetic center line between the N.S poles of the permanent magnet, and the thickness δ is 0.3-1.0 mm.
10. The core-type permanent magnetic transformer of claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet is made of strontium ferrite, neodymium iron boron or rare earth cobalt with good coercivity performance, and the magnetic pole binding surface of the permanent magnet is required to be flat.
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